Nicotine pharmacokinetics and subjective effects of three potential reduced exposure products, moist snuff and nicotine lozenge

Tobacco Control

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 138-142

  Kotiyar, Michael ^a   Mendoza Baumgart, M Irene ^b   Li, Zhong Ze ^b   Pentel, Paul R ^b   Barnett, Brianne C ^b   Feuer, Rachel M ^b   Smith, Erin A ^b   Hatsukami, Dorothy K ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NICOTINE; NICOTINIC AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; HARM REDUCTION; HUMAN; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SMOKELESS TOBACCO; SMOKING CESSATION; TABLET; WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; HARM REDUCTION; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NICOTINE; NICOTINIC AGONISTS; SMOKING CESSATION; SUBSTANCE WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; TABLETS; TOBACCO, SMOKELESS;

EID: 34247511932     PISSN: 09644563     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/tc.2006.018440     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Stratton K, Shetty P, Wallace R, et al. Clearing the smoke: assessing the science base lor tobacco harm reduction. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine National Academy Press, 2001.
2. Hatsukami DK, Giovino GA, Eissenberg T, et al. Methods to assess potential reduced exposure products. Nicotine Tob Res 2005;7:827-44.
3. Hatsukami DK, Benowitz NL, Rennard SI, et al. Biomarkers to assess the utility of potential reduced exposure tobacco products. Nicotine Tob Res 2006;8:169-91,
4. Rodu B, Cole P. Tobacco-related mortality. Nature 1994;370:184.
5. Hatsukami DK, Lemmonds C, Tomar SL. Smokeless tobacco use: harm reduction or induction approach? Prev Med 2004;38:309-17.
6. Cogliano V, Straif K, Baan R, et al. Smokeless tobacco and tobacco-related nitrosamines. Lancet Oncol 2004;5:708.
7. Stepanov I, Jensen J, Hatsukami D, et al. Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in new tobacco products. Nicotine Tob Res 2006;8:309-13.
8. Hatsukami DK, Lemmonds C, Zhang Y, et al. Evaluation of carcinogen exposure in people who used "reduced exposure" tobacco products. J Natl Cancer Inst 2004,-96:844-52.
9. Richter P, Spierto FW. Surveillance of smokeless tobacco nicotine, pH, moisture, and unprotonated nicotine content. Nicotine Tob Res 2003;5:885-9.
10. Henninofield JE, Radzius A, Cone EJ. Estimation of available nicotine content of six smokeless tobacco products. Tob Control 1995;4:57-61.
11. Djordjevic MV, Hoffmann D, Glynn T, et al. US commercial brands of moist snuff, 1994 - assessment of nicotine, moisture, and pH. Tob Control 1995;4:62-6.
12. Fant RV, Henningfield JE, Nelson RA, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of moist snuff in humans. Tob Control 1999;8:387-92.
13. Hatsukami DK, Keenan RM, Anton DJ. Topographical features of smokeless tobacco use. Psychopharmacology 1988;96:428-9.
14. Jacob P III, Wilson M, Benowitz NL. Improved gas Chromatographic method for the determination of nicotine and cotinine in biologic fluids. J Chromatogr 1981,-222:61-70.
15. Hatsukami DK, Gust SW, Keenan RM. Physiologic and subjective changes from smokeless tobacco withdrawal. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1987;41:103-7.
16. Hasenfratz M, Baldinger B, Battig K. Nicotine or tar titration in cigarette smoking behavior? Psychopharmacology 1993;112:253-8.
17. Jaffe AJ, Claras AG. Taste dimensions in cigarette discrimination: a multidimensional scaling approach. Addict Behav 1986;11:407-13.
18. Kochhar N, Warburton DM. Puff-by-puff sensory evaluation of a low to middle tar medium nicotine cigarette designed to maintain nicotine delivery to the smoker. Psychopharmacology 1990;102:343-9.
19. Pritchard WS, Robinson JH, Guy TD, et al. Assessing the sensory role of nicotine in cigarette smoking. Psychopharmacology 1996;127:55-62.
20. Schuh LM, Stamat HM, Downey KK, et al. Subjective and discriminative stimulus effects of two de-nicotinized cigarettes with different tar yields. Nicotine Tob Res 2001;3:77-83.
21. Benowitz NL, Porchet H, Sheiner L, et al. Nicotine absorption and cardiovascular effects with smokeless tobacco use: comparison with cigarettes and nicotine gum. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1988;44:23-8.
22. Choi JH, Dresler CM, Norton MR, et al. Pharmacokinetics of a nicotine polacrilex lozenge. Nicotine Tob Res 2003;5:635-44.
23. Ebbert JO, Rowland LC, Montori V, ef al. Interventions for smokeless tobacco use cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(3):CD004306.
24. Hickman N, Klonoff EA, Landrine H, et al. Preliminary investigation of the advertising and availability of PREPs, the new "safe" tobacco products. J Behav Med 2004;27:413-24.
25. Mumford EA, Levy DT, Gitchell JG, et al. Smokeless tobacco use 1992-2002: trends and measurement in the Current Population Survey-Tobacco Use Supplements. Tob Control 2006;15:166-71.