Expanding processes of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau during Cenozoic: an insight from spatio-temporal difference of uplift

Diqiu Kexue - Zhongguo Dizhi Daxue Xuebao/Earth Science - Journal of China University of Geosciences

Volumn 35, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 713-727

  Wang, Guo Can ^a   Zhang, Ke Xin ^a   Cao, Kai ^a   Wang, An ^a   Xu, Ya Dong ^a   Meng, Yan Ning ^a  

^a CHINA UNIVERSITY OF GEOSCIENCES   (China)

Author keywords

Plateau expanding; Qinghai Tibet plateau; Surface uplift; Tectonic uplift

Indexed keywords

CENOZOIC; EARLY MIOCENE; FORELAND BASIN; FORMING PROCESS; HIGH ALTITUDE; HIGH ELEVATION; HIGH MOUNTAINS; HIMALAYAS; ISOSTATIC COMPENSATION; LATE MIOCENE; LATE OLIGOCENE; LOWER AVERAGE; PALEOCENE; PLATEAU EXPANDING; PLIOCENE; QIANGTANG; QILIAN SHAN; QINGHAI TIBET PLATEAU; SOUTHERN TIBET; SPATIO-TEMPORAL; TECTONIC UPLIFT;

LANDFORMS;

TECTONICS;

EID: 77958106425     PISSN: 10002383     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3799/dqkx.2010.086     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. 39Ar alkali feldspar thermochronology. Tectonics, 12(6):1335-1346. doi: 10.1029/93TC00767
2. Beaumont, C., Jamieson, R. A., Nguyen, M. H., et al., 2001. Himalayan tectonics explained by extrusion of a low-viscosity crustal channel coupled to focused surface denudation. Nature, 414:738-742. doi: 10.1038/414738a
3. Blisniuk, P. M., Stern, L. A., 2005. Stable isotope paleoaltimetry: a critical review. American Journal of Science, 305:1033-1074. doi: 10.2475/ajs.305.10.1033
4. Burbank, D. W., Blythe, A. E., Putkonen, J., et al., 2003. Decoupling of erosion and precipitation in the Himalayas. Nature, 426:652-655. doi: 10.1038/nature02187
5. Burbank, D. W., Derry, L. A., France-Lanord, C., 1993, Reduced Himalayan sediment production 8 Myr ago despite an intensified monsoon. Nature, 364:48-50. doi: 10.1038/364048a0
6. Burchfiel, B. C., Chen, Z., Hodges, K. V., et al., 1992. The South Tibetan detachment system, Himalayan orogen:extension contemporaneous with and parallel to shortening in a collisional mountain belt. Special Paper-Geological Society of America, 269:1-41.
7. Chen, J., Heermance, R. V., Burbank, D. W., et al., 2007. Magnetochronology and its implications of the Xiyu conglomerate in the southwestern Chinese Tianshan foreland. Quaternary Sciences, 27(4):576-587 (in Chinese with English abstract).
8. Chen, S. F., Wilson, C. J. L., 1996. Emplacement of the Longmen Shan thrust-nappe belt along the eastern margin of the Tibetan plateau. Journal of Structural Geology, 18(4):413-430. doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(95)00096-V
9. Chen, Z. L., Gong, H. L., Li, L., et al., 2006. Cenozoic uplifting and exhumation process of the Altyn Tagh Mountains. Earth Science Frontiers, 13(4):91-102 (in Chinese with English abstract).
10. Chung, S. L., Lo, C. H., Lee, T. Y., et al., 1998. Diachronous uplift of the Tibetan plateau starting 40 Myr ago. Nature, 394:769-773. doi: 10.1038/29511
11. Clark, M. K., House, M. A., Royden, L. H., et al., 2005. Late Cenozoic uplift of southeastern Tibet. Geology, 33(6):525-528. doi: 10.1130/G21265.1
12. Coleman, M., Hodges, K., 1995. Evidence for Tibetan plateau uplift before 14 Myr ago from a new minimum age for east-west extension. Nature, 374:49-52. doi: 10.1038/374049a0
13. Coleman, M. E., 1998. U-Pb constraints on Oligocene-Miocene deformation and anatexis within the Central Himalaya, Marsyandi valley, Nepal. American Journal of Science, 298(7):553-571.
14. Cui, Z. J., Gao, Q. Z., Liu, G. N., et al., 1996. Planation surfaces, palaeokarst and uplift of Xizang (Tibet) plateau. Science in China (Ser. D), 26(4):378-386 (in Chinese).
15. Cui, Z. J., Wu, Y. Q., Liu, G. N., et al. 1998. On Kunlun-Yellow River tectonic movement. Science in China (Ser. D), 28(1):53-59 (in Chinese).
16. Currie, B. S., Rowley, D. B., Tabor, N. J., 2005. Middle Miocene paleoaltimetry of southern Tibet:implications for the role of mantle thickening and delamination in the Himalayan orogen. Geology, 33:181-184.
17. Dai, S., Fang, X. M., Song, C. H., et al., 2005. Early tectonic uplift of the northern Tibetan plateau. Chinese Science Bulletin, 50(7):673-683 (in Chinese).
18. DeCelles, P. G., Quade, J., Kapp, P., et al., 2007. High and dry in central Tibet during the Late Oligocene. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 253(3-4):389-401. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.11.001
19. 86Sr: impact on the marine Sr record. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 142(1-2):59-74. doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(96)00091-X
20. Ding, L., 2003. Paleocene deep-water sediments and radiolarian faunas:implications for evolution of Yarlung-Zangbo foreland basin, southern Tibet. Science in China (Ser. D), 33(1):47-58 (in Chinese).
21. Ding, L., Zhong, D. L., Pan, Y. S., et al., 1995. Fission track dating evidence on fast uplifting since Pliocene of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis. China Science Bulletin, 40(16):1497-1500 (in Chinese).
22. Fang, X. M., Song, C. H., Dai, S., et al., 2007. Cenozoic deformation and uplift of the NE Qinghai-Tibet plateau:evidence from high-resolution magnetostratigraphy and basin evolution. Earth Science Frontiers, 14(1):230-242 (in Chinese with English abstract).
23. Garzione, C. N., DeCelles, P. G., Hodkinson, D. G., et al., 2003. East-west extension and Miocene environmental change in the southern Tibetan plateau: Thakkhola graben, Central Nepal. GSA Bulletin, 115(1):3-20. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0003:EWEAME>2.0.CO;2
24. Garzione, C. N., Dettman, D. L., Quade, J., et al., 2000a. High times on the Tibetan plateau:paleoelevation of the Thakkhola graben, Nepal. Geology, 28(4):339-342. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<339:HTOTTP>2.0.CO
25. 18O vs. altitude gradients in meteoric water across the Nepal Himalaya. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 183(1-2):215-229. doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00252-1
26. Godard, V., Lave, J., Cattin, R., 2006. Numerical modelling of erosion processes in the Himalayas of Nepal: effects of spatial variations of rock strength and precipitation. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 253:341-358. doi: 10.1144/GSL.SP.2006.253.01.18
27. Grujic, D., Coutand, I., Bookhagen, B., et al., 2006. Climate forcing of erosion, landscape, and tectonics in the Bhutan Himalayas. Geology, 34(10):801-804. doi: 10.1130/G22648.1
28. Harris, N., 1995. Significance of weathering Himalayan metasedimentary rocks and leucogranites for the Sr isotope evolution of sea water during Early Miocene. Geology, 23(9):759-798. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0795:SOWHMR>2.3.CO;2
29. Harrison, T. M., Copeland, P., Kidd, W., et al., 1995. Activation of the Nyainqentanghla shear zone:implications for uplift of the southern Tibetan plateau. Tectonics, 14(3):658-676.
30. Huntington, K. W., Blythe, A. E., Hodges, K. V., 2006. Climate change and Late Pliocene acceleration of erosion in the Himalaya. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 252(1-2):107-118. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.031
31. Kohn, M. J., Dettman, D. L., 2007. Paleoaltimetry from stable isotope compositions of fossils. Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry, 66(1):119-154. doi: 10.2138/rmg.2007.66.5
32. Lai, Q. Z., Ding, L., Wang, H. W., et al., 2006. Constraining the stepwise migration of the eastern Tibetan plateau margin by apatite fission track thermochronology. Science in China (Ser. D), 36(9):785-796 (in Chinese).
33. Li, G. B., Wan, X. Q., Qi, H. R. G., et al., 2002. Eocene fossil carbonate microfacies and sedimentary environment in Gangba-Tingri, southern Tibet. Chinese Geology, 29(4):401-406 (in Chinese with English abstract).
34. Li, H. B., Yang, J. S., 2004. Evidence for Cretaceous uplift of the northern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Earth Science Frontiers, 11(4):345-359 (in Chinese with English abstract).
35. Li, H. B., Yang, J. S., Xu, Z. Q., et al., 2001. Age of the Altyn Tagh fault:evidence from U-Pb SHRIMP dating of the syn-tectonic zircon. Geological Review, (3):315-316 (in Chinese).
36. Li, J. J., Fang, X. M., 1998. Uplift of the Tibetan plateau and environmental changes. Chinese Science Bulletin, 43(15):1569-1574 (in Chinese).
37. Li, J. J., Fang, X. M., Pan, B. T., et al., 2001. Late Cenozoic intensive uplift of Qinghai-Xizang plateau and its impacts on environments in surrounding area. Quaternary Sciences, 21(5):381-391 (in Chinese with English abstract).
38. Liu, J. L., Pan, H. X., Ren, S. M., et al., 2003. Flower-structures formed in two levels along the Altun fault. Chinese Journal of Geology, 38(1):52-59 (in Chinese with English abstract).
39. 39Ar mineral ages from basement rocks in the eastern Kunlun Mountains, NW China, and their tectonic implications. Tectonophysics, 398(3-4):199-224. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2005.02.007
40. Molnar, P., 2004. Late Cenozoic increase in accumulation rates of terrestrial sediment: how might climate change have affected erosion rates? Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 32:67-89. doi: 10.1146/annurev.earth. 32.091003.143456
41. Molnar, P., England, P., 1990. Late Cenozoic uplift of mountain ranges and global climate change: chicken or egg? Nature, 346:29-34. doi: 10.1038/346029a0
42. Molnar, P., England, P., Martinod, J., 1993. Mantle dynamics, uplift of the Tibetan plateau, and the Indian monsoon. Reviews of Geophysics, 31:357-396. doi: 10.1029/93RG02030
43. Molnar, P., Houseman, G. A., England, P. C., 2006. Earth science: palaeo-altimetry of Tibet. Nature, 444, E4. doi: 10.1038/nature05368
44. Pan, G. T., Wang, P. S., Xu, Y. R., et al., 1990. Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Qinghai-Xizang plateau. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, 1-165 (in Chinese).
45. Parrish, R. R., Hodges, K. V., 1993. Miocene (22 ± 1 Ma) metamorphism and two stage thrusting in the Greater Himalayan sequence, Annapurna Sanctuary, Nepal. Geological Society of America Abstract with Program, 25A:174.
46. Qian, D. Y., 1985. A discussion on the age of Qiuwu coal measures and the preliminary correlation of the molasse formation at the Ladakh-Gandise marginal mountain Chain. Contribution to the Geology of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau, 16:229-241 (in Chinese).
47. Rowley, D. B., Currie, B. S, 2006. Palaeo-altimetry of the Late Eocene to Miocene Lunpola basin, Central Tibet, Nature, 439:677-681. doi: 10.1038/nature04506
48. Rowley, D. B., 2007. Stable isotope-based paleoaltimetry: theory and validation. Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry, 66(2):23-52.
49. Schlup, M., Carter, A., Cosca, M., et al., 2003. Exhumation history of eastern Ladakh revealed by 40Ar/39Ar and fission-track ages: the Indus River-Tso Morari transect, NW Himalaya. Journal of the Geological Society, 160(3):385-399. doi: 10.1144/0016-764902-084
50. Shao, L. Y., He, Z. P., Gu, J. Y., et al., 2006. Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Paleogene in Tarim basin. Journal of Palaeogeography, 8 (3):353-364 (in Chinese with English abstract).
51. Shi, Y. F., Li, J. J., Li, B. Y., et al., 1999. Uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) plateau and East Asia environmental change during Late Cenozoic. Acta Geographica Sinica, 54(1):10-21 (in Chinese with English abstract).
52. Song, C. H., Fang, X. M., Li, J. J., et al., 2001. Tectonic uplift and sedimentary evolution of the Jiuxi basin in the northern margin of the Tibetan plateau since 13 MaBP. Science in China (Ser. D), 31(Suppl.):155-162 (in Chinese).
53. 39Ar evidence for episodic denudation of the Gangotri granites in the Garhwal Higher Himalaya, India. Tectonophysics, 260(1-3):187-199. doi: 10.1016/0040-195(96)00083-2
54. Spicer, R. A., Harris, N. B. W., Widdowson, M., et al., 2003. Constant elevation of southern Tibet over the past 15 million years. Nature, 421:622-624. doi: 10.1038/nature01356
55. Tapponnier, P., Xu, Z, Q, Roger, F., et al., 2001. Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibet plateau. Science, 294(5547):1671-1677. doi: 10.1126/science.105978
56. Thiede, R. C., Bookhagen, B., Arrowsmith, J. R., et al., 2004. Climatic control on rapid exhumation along the southern Himalayan Front. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 222(3-4):791-806. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.015
57. Thiede, R. C., Ehlers, T. A., Bookhagen, B., et al., 2009. Erosional variability along the Northwest Himalaya. Journal of Geophysical Research, 114, F01015. doi: 10.1029/2008JF001010
58. Vannay, J. C., Grasemann, B., Rahn, M., et al., 2004. Miocene to Holocene exhumation of metamorphic crustal wedges in the Himalayan orogen: evidence for tectonic extrusion coupled to fluvial erosion. Tectonics, 23(TC1014):1-24. doi: 10.1029/2002TC001429
59. Wan, X. Q., 1990. Cretaceous-early tertiary foraminfera of Xizang (Tibet) and evolution of the Tethys-Himalayan sea. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 7(2):169-186 (in Chinese with English abstract).
60. Wang, C. S., Zhao, X. X., Liu. Z. F., et al., 2008a. Constraints on the early uplift history of the Tibetan plateau. PNAS, 105(13):4987-4992. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0703595105
61. Wang, E. Q., Chen, L. Z., Chen, Z. L., 2002. Tectonic and climatic element-controlled evolution of the Yalungzangbu River in southern Tibet. Quaternary Sciences, 22 (4):365-373 (in Chinese with English abstract).
62. Wang, E. Q., Wan, J. L., Liu, J., 2003. Late Cenozoic geological evolution of the foreland basin bordering the West Kunlun range in Pulu area: constrain on timing of uplift of northern margin of the Tibet plateau. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108(B8):2401. doi: 10.1029/2002JB001877
63. Wang, G., Wan, J. L., Wang, E. Q., et al., 2006. Extensional collapse of the southern part of the Gaoligong range in the western Yunnan, China and its tectonic origin. Acta Geologia Sinica, 80(9):1262-1273 (in Chinese with English abstract).
64. Wang, G. C., Garver, J. I., Liu, C., 2008b. Cenozoic tectonic history in the Gyirong-Nyalam area, South Tibet:evidence from fission-track thermochronology. In: Garver, J. I., Montario, M., eds., Proceedings from the 11th International Conference on thermochronometry, Anchorage Alaska, Sept. 2008.
65. Wang, G. C., Xiang, S. Y., Wang, A., et al., 2007. Thermochronological constraint to the processes of the East Kunlun and adjacent areas in Mesozoic-Early Cenozoic. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 32(5):605-614, 680 (in Chinese with English abstract).
66. Wang, J., 1998. Uplift of the Karibasheng and Kuzigan granite in the West Kunlun Mountains-evidence from apatite fission track analysis. Geological Review, 44(4):435-442 (in Chinese with English abstract).
67. Wang, Y. B., Wang, Y., Liu, X., et al., 2001. Apatite fission-track records of Mesozoic and Cenozoic episodic reactivation of the Tianshan and West Kunlun Mountains. Regional Geology of China, 20(1):94-99 (in Chinese with English abstract).
68. Wei, Q. R., Li, D. W., Wang, G. C., et al., 2007. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating and geochemical characteristics of Chabaoma Formation volcanic rocks in northern Tibetan plateau and its petrogenesis. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 23(11):2727-2736 (in Chinese with English abstract).
69. Whipple, K. X., Tucker, G. E., 1999. Dynamics of the stream-power river incision model:implications for height limits of mountain ranges, landscape response timescales, and research needs. Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 104(B8):17661-17674. doi: 10.1029/1999JB900120
70. Willett, S. D., 1999. Orogeny and orography:the effects of erosion on the structure of mountain belts. Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 104(B12):28957-28981. doi: 10.1029/1999JB900248
71. Williams, H., Turner, S., Kelley, S., Harris, N., 2001. Age and composition of dikes in southern Tibet:new constraints on the timing of east-west extension and its relationship to postcollisional volcanism. Geology, 29(4):339-342. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0339:AACODI>2.0.CO;2
72. Wu, Z. H., Hu, D. G., Liu, Q. S., et al., 2005. Chronological analyses of the thermal evolution of granite and the uplift process of the Nyainqentanglha range in Central Tibet. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 26 (6):505-512 (in Chinese with English abstract).
73. Wu, Z. H., Meng, X. G., Hu, D. G., et al., 2004. New results and major progress in regional geological survey of the Damxung County sheet. Geological Bulletin of China, 23(5-6):484-491 (in Chinese with English abstract).
74. Xiao, J. D., 1988. The Early Tertiary Ouli Formation and its scleractinia in Ngari region, Xizang (Tibet). Contribution to the Geology of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) plateau, 19:120-131 (in Chinese).
75. Xiang, H. F., Wan, J. L., Han, Z. J., et al., 2006. Geological analysis and FT dating of the large-scale right-lateral strike-slip movement of the Red River fault zone. Science in China (Ser. D), 36(11):977-987 (in Chinese).
76. Xu, Z. Q., Cai, Z. H., Zhang, Z. M., et al., 2008. Tectonic and fabric kinematics of the Namche Barwa terrane, eastern Himalayan syntaxis. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 24(7):1463-1476 (in Chinese with English abstract).
77. Yin, A., Dang, Y. Q., Chen, X. H., et al., 2007. Cenozoic evolution and tectonic reconstruction of the Qaidam basin:evidence from seismic profiles. Journal of Geomechanics, 13 (3):193-211 (in Chinese with English abstract).
78. Yuan, D. Y., Zhang, P. Z., Fang, X. M., et al., 2007. Late Cenozoic tectonic deformation of the Linxia basin, northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Earth Science Frontiers, 14(1):243-250 (in Chinese with English abstract).
79. Yuan, W. M., Wang, S. C., Li, S. R., et al., 2001. Apatite fission track dating evidence on the tectonization of Gangdese block, South Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Chinese Science Bulletin, 46(20):1739-1742 (in Chinese).
80. Zeitler, P. K., 1985. Cooling history of the NW Himalaya, Pakistan. Tectonics, 4(1):127-151.
81. Zhang, B. G., Mu, X. N., 1979. The discovery of the Tertiary marine deposits to the north of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, Xizang. Acta Stratigraphica Sinica, 3(1):65-66 (in Chinese).
82. Zhang, J. J., Ji, J. Q., Zhong, D. L., et al., 2003. Structural pattern of eastern Himalayan syntaxis in Namjagbarwa and its formation process. Science in China (Ser. D), 33(4):373-383 (in Chinese).
83. Zhang, K. X., Wang, G. C., Cao, K., et al., 2008. Cenozoic sedimentary records and geochronological constraints of differential uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Science in China (Ser. D), 38(12):1575-1588.
84. Zhang, K. X., Wang, G. C., Chen, F. N., et al., 2007. Coupling between the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet plateau and distribution of basins of Paleogene-Neogene. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 32(5):583-597 (in Chinese with English abstract).
85. Zhang, P. Z., Molnar, P., Downs, W. R., 2001. Increased sedimentation rates and grain sizes 2-4 Myr ago due to the influence of climate change on erosion rates. Nature, 410:891-897. doi: 10.1038/35073504
86. Zhang, P. Z., Zheng, D. W., Yin, G. M., et al., 2006. Discussion on Late Cenozoic growth and rise of northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau. Quaternary Sciences, 26(1):5-13 (in Chinese with English abstract).
87. Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Zhou, R. J., et al., 2006. The denudation of the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau since the Late Cenozoic:evidence from the fission-track ages. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology, 26(1):97-102 (in Chinese with English abstract).
88. Zhao, Z. Z., Li, Y. T., Ye, H. F., et al., 2001. Stratigraphy of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Science Press, Beijing, 1-542 (in Chinese).
89. Zhong, D. L., Ding, L., 1996. Rising process of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) plateau and its mechanism. Science in China (Ser. D), 26 (4):289-295(in Chinese).