Peripheral refraction with and without contact lens correction

Optometry and Vision Science

Volumn 87, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 642-655

  Shen, Jie ^a   Clark, Christopher A ^a   Soni, P Sarita ^a   Thibos, Larry N ^a  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

contact lenses; Myopia; peripheral refraction; wavefront aberrometry

Indexed keywords

AXIAL GROWTH; BEFORE AND AFTER; ELLIPTICAL PUPIL; FIELD CURVATURE; IMAGE BLUR; LINES-OF-SIGHT; MYOPIA; MYOPIA PROGRESSION; NAKED-EYE; OCULAR WAVEFRONT ABERRATIONS; OFF-AXIS; OPTICAL AXIS; PERIPHERAL REFRACTION; REFRACTIVE ERROR; RETINAL IMAGE; RETINAL IMAGE QUALITY; SHACK-HARTMANN; VISUAL FIELDS;

ABERRATIONS; ALDEHYDES; CONTACT LENSES; IMAGE QUALITY; OPHTHALMOLOGY; REFRACTION; VISION; WAVEFRONTS;

OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS;

ABERROMETRY; ADULT; ARTICLE; ASTIGMATISM; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTACT LENS; EYE REFRACTION; FEMALE; GAS; HUMAN; HYDROPHILIC CONTACT LENS; HYPERMETROPIA; MALE; MYOPIA; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERMEABILITY; REFRACTION ERROR; RETINA; RETINA FOVEA; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VISUAL ACUITY; VISUAL FIELD;

ABERROMETRY; ADULT; ASTIGMATISM; CONTACT LENSES; CONTACT LENSES, HYDROPHILIC; FEMALE; FOVEA CENTRALIS; GASES; HUMANS; HYPEROPIA; MALE; MYOPIA; PERMEABILITY; REFRACTION, OCULAR; REFRACTIVE ERRORS; RETINA; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VISUAL ACUITY; VISUAL FIELDS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 77957363920     PISSN: 10405488     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181ea16ea     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Carney LG, Mainstone JC, Henderson BA Corneal topography and myopia. A cross-sectional study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997;38: 311-20.
2. Cheng HM, Singh OS, Kwong K.K., Xiong J., Woods BT, Brady TJ Shape of the myopic eye as seen with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Optom Vis Sci 1992;69:698-701.
3. Grosvenor T, Scott R. Role of the axial length/corneal radius ratio in determining the refractive state of the eye. Optom Vis Sci 1994;71: 573-9.
4. Llorente L, Barbero S, Cano D., Dorronsoro C, Marcos S. Myopic versus hyperopic eyes: axial length, corneal shape and optical aberrations. J Vis 2004;4:288-98.
5. Wildsoet CF. Active emmetropization - evidence for its existence and ramifications for clinical practice. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1997;17:279-90.
6. Lu F, Zhou X, Jiang L., Fu Y, Lai X, Xie R., Qu J. Axial myopia induced by hyperopic defocus in guinea pigs: a detailed assessment on susceptibility and recovery. Exp Eye Res 2009;89:101-8.
7. Wildsoet C, Wallman J. Choroidal and scleral mechanisms of compensation for spectacle lenses in chicks. Vision Res 1995;35: 1175-94.
8. Smith EL III, Hung LF, Harwerth RS. Effects of optically induced blur on the refractive status of young monkeys. Vision Res 1994;34: 293-301.
9. Wallman J, Gottlieb MD, Rajaram V, Fugate-Wentzek LA. Local retinal regions control local eye growth and myopia. Science 1987; 237:73-7.
10. Wallman J, Adams JI Developmental aspects of experimental myopia in chicks: susceptibility, recovery and relation to emmetropization. Vision Res 1987;27:1139-63.
11. Irving EL, Callender MG, Sivak JG Inducing myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism in chicks. Optom Vis Sci 1991;68:364-8.
12. Schaeffel F, Howland HC Properties of the feedback loops controlling eye growth and refractive state in the chicken. Vision Res 1991; 31:717-34.
13. Graham B, Judge SJ The effects of spectacle wear in infancy on eye growth and refractive error in the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Vision Res 1999;39:189-206.
14. Siegwart JT J.r., Norton TT Regulation of the mechanical properties of tree shrew sclera by the visual environment. Vision Res 1999;39: 387-407.
15. Hung LF, Crawford ML, Smith EL III. Spectacle lenses alter eye growth and the refractive status of young monkeys. Nat Med 1995; 1:761-5.
16. Smith EL III, Huang J, Hung LF, Blasdel TL, Humbird TL, Bockhorst KH. Hemiretinal form deprivation: evidence for local control of eye growth and refractive development in infant monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009;50:5057-69.
17. Weizhong L, Zhikuan Y, Wen L., Xiang C, Jian G. A longitudinal study on the relationship between myopia development and near accommodation lag in myopic children. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2008;28:57-61.
18. Diether S, Schaeffel F. Local changes in eye growth induced by imposed local refractive error despite active accommodation. Vision Res 1997;37:659-68.
19. Hodos W, Kuenzel WJ Retinal-image degradation produces ocular enlargement in chicks. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1984;25:652-9.
20. Wallman J, Winawer J. Homeostasis of eye growth and the question of myopia. Neuron 2004;43:447-68.
21. Bartmann M, Schaeffel F. A simple mechanism for emmetropization without cues from accommodation or colour. Vision Res 1994;34: 873-6.
22. Fitzke FW, Hayes BP, Hodos W, Holden A.L., Low JC Refractive sectors in the visual field of the pigeon eye. J Physiol 1985;369:33-44.
23. Hodos W, Erichsen JT Lower-field myopia in birds: an adaptation that keeps the ground in focus. Vision Res 1990;30:653-7.
24. Seidemann A, Schaeffel F, Guirao A., Lopez-Gil N, Artal P. Peripheral refractive errors in myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic young subjects. J Opt Soc Am (A) 2002;19:2363-73.
25. Smith EL III, Hung L-F, Ramamirtham R, Huang J, Qiao-Grider Y. Optically imposed hyperopic defocus in the periphery can produce central axial myopia in infant monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48:E-abstract 1533.
26. Smith EL III, Kee CS, Ramamirtham R, Qiao-Grider Y, Hung LF. Peripheral vision can influence eye growth and refractive development in infant monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2005;46: 3965-72.
27. Smith EL III, Ramamirtham R, Qiao-Grider Y, Hung LF, Huang J, Kee CS, Coats D, Paysse E. Effects of foveal ablation on emmetropization and form-deprivation myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48:3914-22.
28. Cho P, Cheung SW, Edwards M. The longitudinal orthokeratology research in children (LORIC) in Hong Kong: a pilot study on refractive changes and myopic control. Curr Eye Res 2005;30:71-80.
29. Walline JJ, Jones LA, Sinnott LT Corneal reshaping and myopia progression. Br J Ophthalmol 2009;93:1181-5.
30. Logan NS, Gilmartin B, Wildsoet C.F., Dunne MC Posterior retinal contour in adult human anisomyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004;45:2152-62.
31. Millodot M. Effect of ametropia on peripheral refraction. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1981;58:691-5.
32. Schmid GF. Axial and peripheral eye length measured with optical low coherence reflectometry. J Biomed Opt 2003;8:655-62.
33. Atchison DA, Pritchard N, Schmid KL Peripheral refraction along the horizontal and vertical visual fields in myopia. Vision Res 2006; 46:1450-8.
34. Schmid GF. Variability of retinal steepness at the posterior pole in children 7-15 years of age. Curr Eye Res 2003;27:61-8.
35. Hoogerheide J, Rempt F, Hoogenboom WP Acquired myopia in young pilots. Ophthalmologica 1971;163:209-15.
36. Mutti DO, Sholtz RI, Friedman N.E., Zadnik K. Peripheral refraction and ocular shape in children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000;41: 1022-30.
37. Schmid G. Retinal steepness vs. myopic shift in children. Optom Vis Sci 2004;81(SUPPL.):81.
38. Mutti DO, Hayes JR, Mitchell G.L., Jones LA, Moeschberger ML, Cotter SA, Kleinstein R.N., Manny RE, Twelker JD, Zadnik K. Refractive error, axial length, and relative peripheral refractive error before and after the onset of myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48:2510-9.
39. Curcio CA, Sloan KR, Kalina R.E., Hendrickson AE Human photoreceptor topography. J Comp Neurol 1990;292:497-523.
40. Horner DG, Soni PS, Salmon T.O., Swartz TS Myopia progression in adolescent wearers of soft contact lenses and spectacles. Optom Vis Sci 1999;76:474-9.
41. Walline JJ, Jones LA, Sinnott L, Manny R.E., Gaume A., Rah MJ, Chitkara M, Lyons S. A randomized trial of the effect of soft contact lenses on myopia progression in children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2008;49:4702-6.
42. Marsh-Tootle W.L., Dong LM, Hyman L, Gwiazda J, Weise KK, Dias L, Fern KD. Myopia progression in children wearing spectacles vs. switching to contact lenses. Optom Vis Sci 2009;86:741-7.
43. Perrigin J, Perrigin D, Quintero S., Grosvenor T. Silicone-acrylate contact lenses for myopia control: 3-year results. Optom Vis Sci 1990;67:764-9.
44. Stone J. The possible influence of contact lenses on myopia. Br J Physiol Opt 1976;31:89-114.
45. Katz J, Schein OD, Levy B, Cruiscullo T., Saw SM, Rajan U, Chan TK, Yew Khoo C, Chew SJ. A randomized trial ofrigid gas permeable contact lenses to reduce progression of children's myopia. Am J Ophthalmol 2003;136:82-90.
46. Baldwin WR, West D, Jolley J., Reid W. Effects of contact lenses on refractive corneal and axial length changes in young myopes. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 1969;46:903-11.
47. Walline JJ, Jones LA, Mutti D.O., Zadnik K. A randomized trial of the effects of rigid contact lenses on myopia progression. Arch Ophthalmol 2004;122:1760-6.
48. Atchison DA. Aberrations associated with rigid contact lenses. J Opt Soc Am (A) 1995;12:2267-73.
49. Cheng X, Himebaugh NL, Kollbaum P.S., Thibos LN, Bradley A. Validation of a clinical Shack-Hartmann aberrometer. Optom Vis Sci 2003;80:587-95.
50. Shen J, Thibos LN Measuring ocular aberrations and image quality in peripheral vision with a clinical wavefront aberrometer. Clin Exp Optom 2009;92:212-22.
51. Mathur A, Atchison DA, Kasthurirangan S, Dietz N.A., Luong S., Chin SP, Lin WL, Hoo SW The influence of oblique viewing on axial and peripheral refraction for emmetropes and myopes. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2009;29:155-61.
52. Hom MM. Rigid lens design and fitting. In: Hom MM, ed. Manual of Contact Lines Prescribing and Fitting. Boston, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann;1997:77-103.
53. Thibos LN, Wheeler W, Horner D. Power vectors: an application of Fourier analysis to the description and statistical analysis of refractive error. Optom Vis Sci 1997;74:367-75.
54. Thibos LN, Hong X, Bradley A., Applegate RA Accuracy and precision of objective refraction from wavefront aberrations. J Vis 2004;4: 329-51.
55. Ferree CE, Rand G, Hardy C. Refraction for the peripheral field of vision. Arch Ophthalmol 1931;5:717-31.
56. Atchison DA, Scott DH, Charman WN Hartmann-Shack technique and refraction across the horizontal visual field. J Opt Soc Am (A) 2003;20:965-73.
57. Rempt F, Hoogerheide J, Hoogenboom WP Peripheral retinoscopy and the skiagram. Ophthalmologica 1971;162:1-10.
58. LeGrand Y. Form and Space Vision (trans. by M. Millodot and G.G. Heath), revised ed. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press; 1967.
59. Lotmar W, Lotmar T. Peripheral astigmatism in the human eye: experimental data and theoretical model predictions. J Opt Soc Am 1974;64:510-3.
60. Atchison DA. Optical models for human myopic eyes. Vision Res 2006;46:2236-50.
61. Atchison DA, Scott DH Monochromatic aberrations of human eyes in the horizontal visual field. J Opt Soc Am (A) 2002;19:2180-4.
62. Navarro R, Moreno E, Dorronsoro C. Monochromatic aberrations and point-spread functions of the human eye across the visual field. J Opt Soc Am (A) 1998;15:2522-9.
63. Tabernero J, Schaeffel F. More irregular eye shape in low myopia than in emmetropia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009;50:4516-22.
64. Atchison DA, Jones CE, Schmid K.L., Pritchard N., Pope JM, Strugnell WE, Riley RA Eye shape in emmetropia and myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004;45:3380-6.
65. Siegel S. Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 1956.
66. Wang YZ, Thibos LN Oblique (off-axis) astigmatism of the reduced schematic eye with elliptical refracting surface. Optom Vis Sci 1997; 74:557-62.
67. Escudero-Sanz I., Navarro R. Off-axis aberrations of a wide-angle schematic eye model. J Opt Soc Am (A) 1999;16:1881-91.
68. Charman WN. Aberrations and myopia. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2005;25:285-301.
69. Marcos S, Barbero S, Llorente L. The sources of optical aberrations in myopic eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43:E-abstract 1510.
70. Thorn F, He JC, Thorn S.J., Held R., Gwiazda J. The vision of myopic children: how wavefront aberrations alter the image of school book text. In: Thorn F, Troilo D, Gwiazda J, eds. Myopia 2000: Proceedings of the VIII International Conference on Myopia, Boston, MA, July 7-9, 2000. Boston: The New England College of Optometry; 2000:127-31.
71. Wildsoet CF. Structural correlates of myopia. In: Gilmartin B, Rosenfirld M, eds. Myopia and Nearwork. Boston, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann;1998:31-56.
72. Kee CS, Hung LF, Qiao-Grider Y, Roorda A., Smith EL III. Effects of optically imposed astigmatism on emmetropization in infant monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004;45:1647-59.
73. Deller JF, O'Connor AD, Sorsby A. X-ray measurement of the diameters of the living eye. Proc R Soc Med 1947;134:456-67.
74. Wang FR, Zhou XD, Zhou SZ A CT study of the relation between ocular axial biometry and refraction. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1994; 30:39-40.
75. Bennett AG, Rabbetts RB Bennett and Rabbetts' Clinical Visual Optics, 3rd ed. Boston, MA: Butterworth Heinemann; 1998.
76. Artal P, Benito A, Tabernero J. The human eye is an example of robust optical design. J Vis 2006;6:1-7.
77. Artal P, Guirao A, Berrio E., Williams DR Compensation of corneal aberrations by the internal optics in the human eye. J Vis 2001;1:1-8.
78. Fulton AB, Hansen RM, Petersen RA The relation of myopia and astigmatism in developing eyes. Ophthalmology 1982;89:298-302.
79. Irving EL, Callender MG, Sivak JG Inducing ametropias in hatch-ling chicks by defocus - aperture effects and cylindrical lenses. Vision Res 1995;35:1165-74.
80. McLean RC, Wallman J. Severe astigmatic blur does not interfere with spectacle lens compensation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003; 44:449-57.
81. Schmid K, Wildsoet CF Natural and imposed astigmatism and their relation to emmetropization in the chick. Exp Eye Res 1997;64: 837-47.
82. Thibos LN, Cheng X, Phillips J., Collins A. Optical aberrations of chick eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001;43:E-abstract 180.
83. Thibos LN, Cheng X, Phillips J., Collins A. Astigmatic deprivation of chicks produces myopia, but not astigmatism. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001;42:S58.