Clinical and biological markers in gastric cancer: Update and perspectives

Frontiers in Bioscience - Scholar

Volumn 2 S, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 403-412

  Cappellani, Alessandro ^a   Zanghi, Antonio ^a   Di Vita, Maria ^a   Zanet, Ernesto ^b   Veroux, Pierfrancesco ^c   Cacopardo, Bruno ^a   Cavallaro, Andrea ^a   Piccolo, Gaetano ^a   Lo Menzo, Emanuele ^d   Murabito, Paolo ^a   Berretta, Massimiliano ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CATANIA   (Italy)

^b CENTRO DI RIFERIMENTO ONCOLOGICO   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CATANIA   (Italy)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

Follow up; Gastric cancer; Markers; Metastasis; Review; Screening

Indexed keywords

TUMOR MARKER; VIRULENCE FACTOR;

ADENOCARCINOMA; CHEMISTRY; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; HELICOBACTER PYLORI; HUMAN; METABOLISM; METHODOLOGY; MICROBIOLOGY; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY; REVIEW; STOMACH TUMOR;

ADENOCARCINOMA; EARLY DETECTION OF CANCER; HELICOBACTER PYLORI; HUMANS; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY; STOMACH NEOPLASMS; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL; VIRULENCE FACTORS;

EID: 77957296088     PISSN: 19450516     EISSN: 19450524     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2741/s73     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Parkin D. M., F. Bray, J. Ferlay and P. Pisani: Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin, 55(2), 74-108 (2005) (Pubitemid 40372904)
2. Nomura S. and M. Kaminishi: Surgical treatment of early gastric cancer. Dig Surg, 24(2), 96-100 (2007) (Pubitemid 46788274)
3. Suzuki H., T. Gotoda, M. Sasako and D. Saito: Detection of early gastric cancer: misunderstanding the role of mass screening. Gastric Cancer, 9(4), 315-9 (2006) (Pubitemid 44846556)
4. Hamashima C., D. Shibuya, H. Yamazaki, K. Inoue, A. Fukao, H. Saito and T. Sobue: The Japanese guidelines for gastric cancer screening. Jpn J Clin Oncol, 38(4), 259-67 (2008) (Pubitemid 351583989)
5. Eslick G. D.: Helicobacter pylori infection causes gastric cancer? A review of the epidemiological, meta-analytic, and experimental evidence. World J Gastroenterol, 12(19), 2991-9 (2006) (Pubitemid 43811074)
6. Blaser M. J.: The biology of cag in the helicobacter pylori-human interaction. Gastroenterology, 128: 1512-5 (2005) (Pubitemid 40712200)
7. Tegtmeyer N., D. Zabler, D. Schmidt, R. Hartig, S. Brandt and S. Backert: Importance of EGF receptor, HER2/Neu and Erk1/2 kinase signalling for host cell elongation and scattering induced by the Helicobacter pylori CagA protein: antagonistic effects of the vacuolating cytotoxin VacA. Cell Microbiol, 11(3), 488-505 (2009)
8. Suganuma M., K. Yamaguchi, Y. Ono, H. Matsumoto, T. Hayashi, T. Ogawa, K. Imai, T. Kuzuhara, A. Nishizono and H. Fujiki: TNF-alpha-inducing protein, a carcinogenic factor secreted from H. pylori, enters gastric cancer cells. Int J Cancer, 123(1), 117-22 (2008) (Pubitemid 351705199)
9. Lochhead P. and E. M. El-Omar: Gastric cancer. Br Med Bull, 85, 87-100 (2008) (Pubitemid 351398296)
10. Kamangar F., C. Cheng, C. C. Abnet and C. S. Rabkin: Interleukin-1B polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk - a meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 15(10), 1920-8 (2006) (Pubitemid 44664269)
11. Shin W. G., J. S. Jang, H. S. Kim, S. J. Kim, K. H. Kim, M. K. Jang, J. H. Lee, H. J. Kim and H. Y. Kim: Polymorphisms of interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 genes in patients with gastric cancer in Korea. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 23(10), 1567-73 (2008)
12. Miki K. and Y. Urita: Using serum pepsinogens wisely in a clinical practice. J Dig Dis, 8(1), 8-14 (2007) (Pubitemid 46189204)
13. Yanaoka K., M. Oka, C. Mukoubayashi, N. Yoshimura, S. Enomoto, M. Iguchi, H. Magari, H. Utsunomiya, H. Tamai, K. Arii, H. Ohata, M. Fujishiro, T. Takeshita, O. Mohara and M. Ichinose: Cancer high-risk subjects identified by serum pepsinogen tests: outcomes after 10-year follow-up in asymptomatic middle-aged males. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 17(4), 838-45 (2008) (Pubitemid 351536414)
14. Norton J. A., C. M. Ham, J. Van Dam, R. B. Jeffrey, T. A. Longacre, D. G. Huntsman, N. Chun, A. W. Kurian and J. M. Ford: CDH1 truncating mutations in the E-cadherin gene: an indication for total gastrectomy to treat hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. Ann Surg, 245(6), 873-9 (2007) (Pubitemid 46809288)
15. Cisco R. M., J. M. Ford and J. A. Norton: Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer: implications of genetic testing for screening and prophylactic surgery. Cancer, 113(7 Suppl), 1850-6 (2008)
16. Sun Y., D. Deng, W. C. You, H. Bai, L. Zhang, J. Zhou, L. Shen, J. L. Ma, Y. Q. Xie and J. Y. Li: Methylation of p16 CpG islands associated with malignant transformation of gastric dysplasia in a population-based study. Clin Cancer Res, 10(15), 5087-93 (2004) (Pubitemid 39099783)
17. Simpson A. J., O. L. Caballero and S. D. Pena: Microsatellite instability as a tool for the classification of gastric cancer. Trends Mol Med, 7(2), 76-80 (2001) (Pubitemid 33718646)
18. Seo H. M., Y. S. Chang, S. H. Joo, Y. W. Kim, Y. K. Park, S. W. Hong and S. H. Lee: Clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes of gastric cancers with the MSI-H phenotype. J Surg Oncol, 99(3), 143-7 (2009) doi:10.1002/jso. 21220
19. Leung W. K., J. J. Kim, J. G. Kim, D. Y. Graham and A. R. Sepulveda: Microsatellite instability in gastric intestinal metaplasia in patients with and without gastric cancer. Am J Pathol, 156(2), 537-43 (2000) (Pubitemid 30643809)
20. Fleisher A. S., M. Esteller, G. Tamura, A. Rashid, O. C. Stine, J. Yin, T. T. Zou, J. M. Abraham, D. Kong, S. Nishizuka, S. P. James, K. T. Wilson, J. G. Herman and S. J. Meltzer: Hypermethylation of the hMLH1 gene promoter is associated with microsatellite instability in early human gastric neoplasia. Oncogene, 20(3), 329-35 (2001) (Pubitemid 32142322)
21. Bernal C., F. Aguayo, C. Villarroel, M. Vargas, I. Diaz, F. J. Ossandon, E. Santibanez, M. Palma, E. Aravena, C. Barrientos and A. H. Corvalan: Reprimo as a potential biomarker for early detection in gastric cancer. Clin Cancer Res, 14(19), 6264-9 (2008)
22. Chung H. W., J. W. Kim, J. H. Lee, S. Y. Song, J. B. Chung, O. H. Kwon and J. B. Lim: Comparison of the Validity of three Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer Screening: Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Pepsinogens, and High Sensitive C-reactive Protein. J Clin Gastroenterol 43(1), 19-26 (2008)
23. Kodama I., K. Koufuji, S. Kawabata, S. Tetsu, Y. Tsuji, J. Takeda and T. Kakegawa: The clinical efficacy of CA 72-4 as serum marker for gastric cancer in comparison with CA19-9 and CEA. Int Surg, 80(1), 45-8 (1995)
24. Ohtsuka T., S. Sato, Y. Kitajima, M. Tanaka, Y. Nakafusa and K. Miyazaki: False-positive findings for tumor markers after curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Dig Dis Sci, 53(1), 73-9 (2008) (Pubitemid 350265652)
25. Ucar E., E. Semerci, H. Ustun, T. Yetim, C. Huzmeli and M. Gullu: Prognostic value of preoperative CEA, CA 19-9, CA 72-4, and AFP levels in gastric cancer. Adv Ther, 25(10), 1075-84 (2008)
26. Nakanishi H., Y. Kodera, Y. Yamamura, S. Ito, T. Kato, T. Ezaki and M. Tatematsu: Rapid quantitative detection of carcinoembryonic antigen-expressing free tumor cells in the peritoneal cavity of gastric-cancer patients with real-time RT-PCR on the lightcycler. Int J Cancer, 89(5), 411-7 (2000)
27. Mattar R., C. R. Alves de Andrade, G. M. DiFavero, J. J. Gama-Rodrigues and A. A. Laudanna: Preoperative serum levels of CA 72-4, CEA, CA 19-9, and alpha-fetoprotein in patients with gastric cancer. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo, 57(3), 89-92 (2002)
28. Fernandes L. L., L. C. Martins, C. A. Nagashima, A. C. Nagae, D. R. Waisberg and J. Waisberg: CA72-4 antigen levels in serum and peritoneal washing in gastric cancer. Correlation with morphological aspects of neoplasia. Arq Gastroenterol, 44(3), 235-9 (2007) (Pubitemid 350223710)
29. Jin B., X. Wang, Y. Jin, W. Xia, B. Chen, L. Liu, Z. Chen, L. Hong, W. Du, K. Yan, H. Wang, D. Yuan, X. Hui, L. He, F. Zhang, Y. Zhao, K. Wu and D. Fan: Detection of serum gastric cancer-associated MG7-Ag from gastric cancer patients using a sensitive and convenient ELISA method. Cancer Invest, 27(2), 227-33 (2009)
30. Ren J., Z. Chen, S. J. Juan, X. Y. Yong, B. R. Pan and D. M. Fan: Detection of circulating gastric carcinoma-associated antigen MG7-Ag in human sera using an established single determinant immuno-polymerase chain reaction technique. Cancer, 88(2), 280-5 (2000) (Pubitemid 30051810)
31. Tsamandas A. C., D. Kardamakis, P. Tsiamalos, A. Liava, V. Tzelepi, V. Vassiliou, T. Petsas, K. Vagenas, V. Zolota and C. D. Scopa: The potential role of Bcl-2 expression, apoptosis and cell proliferation (Ki-67 expression) in cases of gastric carcinoma and correlation with classic prognostic factors and patient outcome. Anticancer Res, 29(2), 703-9 (2009)
32. Chen L., X. Li, G. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Y. Zhu and J. Zhu: Clinicopathological significance of overexpression of TSPAN1, Ki67 and CD34 in gastric carcinoma. Tumori, 94(4), 531-8 (2008)
33. Kopp R., J. Diebold, I. Dreier, C. Cramer, J. Glas, G. Baretton and K. W. Jauch: Prognostic relevance of p53 and bcl-2 immunoreactivity for early invasive pT1/pT2 gastric carcinomas: indicators for limited gastric resections? Surg Endosc, 19(11), 1507-12 (2005) (Pubitemid 41674409)
34. Wiksten J. P., J. Lundin, S. Nordling, A. Kokkola and C. Haglund: Comparison of the prognostic value of a panel of tissue tumor markers and established clinicopathological factors in patients with gastric cancer. Anticancer Res, 28(4C), 2279-87 (2008)
35. Al-Moundhri M. S., V. Nirmala, I. Al-Hadabi, K. Al-Mawaly, I. Burney, M. Al-Nabhani, V. Thomas, S. S. Ganguly and C. Grant: The prognostic significance of p53, p27 kip1, p21 waf1, HER-2/neu, and Ki67 proteins expression in gastric cancer: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 121 Arab patients. i, 91(4), 243-52 (2005)
36. Triantafyllou K., P. Kitsanta, D. G. Karamanolis, C. Kittas and S. D. Ladas: Epithelial cell turnover, p53 and bcl-2 protein expression during oncogenesis of early and advanced gastric cancer in a Western population. Dig Liver Dis, 40(1), 39-45 (2008) (Pubitemid 50008438)
37. Baldus S. E., P. M. Schneider, S. P. Monig, T. K. Zirbes, S. Fromm, W. Meyer, J. Glossmann, S. Schuler, J. Thiele, A. H. Holscher and H. P. Dienes: p21/waf1/cip1 in gastric cancer: associations with histopathological subtypes, lymphonodal metastasis, prognosis and p53 status. Scand J Gastroenterol, 36(9), 975-80 (2001) (Pubitemid 32681463)
38. PRb2/p130, VEGF, EZH2, p53, p16(INK4A), p27(KIP1), p21(WAF1), Ki-67 expression patterns in gastric cancer. J Cell Physiol, 210(1), 183-91 (2007) doi:10.1002/jcp.20833 (Pubitemid 44904714)
39. Lee H. K., H. S. Lee, H. K. Yang, W. H. Kim, K. U. Lee, K. J. Choe and J. P. Kim: Prognostic significance of Bcl-2 and p53 expression in gastric cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis, 18(6), 518-25 (2003) (Pubitemid 37265866)
40. Albo D., T. Shinohara and G. P. Tuszynski: Up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 by thrombospondin 1 in gastric cancer. J Surg Res, 108(1), 51-60 (2002) (Pubitemid 35373815)
41. Dragutinovic V., L. Izrael-Zivkovic and N. Radovanovic: Relation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 to different stages of tumors in the serum of gastric cancer. Dig Dis Sci, 54(6), 1203-7 (2009)
42. Huachuan Z., L. Xiaohan, S. Jinmin, C. Qian, X. Yan and Z. Yinchang: Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 involving in growth, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis of gastric cancer. Chin Med Sci J, 18(2), 80-6 (2003) (Pubitemid 36723381)
43. Fujimoto D., Y. Hirono, T. Goi, K. Katayama and A. Yamaguchi: Prognostic value of protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in gastric cancer. Anticancer Res, 28(2A), 847-54 (2008) (Pubitemid 351578929)
44. Wang J. Y., T. J. Huang, F. M. Chen, M. C. Hsieh, S. R. Lin, M. F. Hou and J. S. Hsieh: Mutation analysis of the putative tumor suppressor gene PTEN/MMAC1 in advanced gastric carcinomas. Virchows Arch, 442(5), 437-43 (2003)
45. Guo C. Y., X. F. Xu, J. Y. Wu and S. F. Liu: PCR-SSCP-DNA sequencing method in detecting PTEN gene mutation and its significance in human gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 14(24), 3804-11 (2008)
46. Zhang F. H., Y. N. Zhou, G. Z. Li, Q. Li, B. Lu, Z. Y. Zhang, Z. Q. Wu, P. Fan and T. J. Hao: [Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and urokinase plasminogen activator in gastric carcinoma and the clinical significance thereof]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi, 88(46), 3279-82 (2008)
47. Luebke T., S. E. Baldus, D. Spieker, G. Grass, E. Bollschweiler, P. M. Schneider, J. Thiele, H. P. Dienes, A. H. Hoelscher and S. P. Moenig: Is the urokinase-type plasminogen activator system a reliable prognostic factor in gastric cancer? Int J Biol Markers, 21(3), 162-9 (2006) (Pubitemid 44660288)
48. Wu C. Y., M. S. Wu, Y. J. Chen, H. P. Chen, C. J. Chen, C. S. Chang and J. T. Lin: Clinicopathological significance of urokinase-type plasminogen activator genotypes in gastric cancer. Hepatogastroenterology, 55(86-87), 1890-4 (2008)
49. Iwamoto J., Y. Mizokami, K. Takahashi, T. Matsuoka and Y. Matsuzaki: The effects of cyclooxygenase2-prostaglandin E2 pathway on Helicobacter pylori-induced urokinase-type plasminogen activator system in the gastric cancer cells. Helicobacter, 13(3), 174-82 (2008) (Pubitemid 351667073)
50. Kim M. A., H. S. Lee, H. E. Lee, Y. K. Jeon, H. K. Yang and W. H. Kim: EGFR in gastric carcinomas: prognostic significance of protein overexpression and high gene copy number. Histopathology, 52(6), 738-46 (2008) (Pubitemid 351600058)
51. Matsubara J., Y. Yamada, Y. Hirashima, D. Takahari, N. T. Okita, K. Kato, T. Hamaguchi, K. Shirao, Y. Shimada and T. Shimoda: Impact of insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, and HER2 expressions on outcomes of patients with gastric cancer. Clin Cancer Res, 14(10), 3022-9 (2008)
52. Baek M. K., M. H. Kim, H. J. Jang, J. S. Park, I. J. Chung, B. A. Shin, B. W. Ahn and Y. D. Jung: EGF stimulates uPAR expression and cell invasiveness through ERK, AP-1, and NF-kappaB signaling in human gastric carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep, 20(6), 1569-75 (2008)
53. Lieto E., F. Ferraraccio, M. Orditura, P. Castellano, A. L. Mura, M. Pinto, A. Zamboli, F. De Vita and G. Galizia: Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an independent prognostic indicator of worse outcome in gastric cancer patients. Ann Surg Oncol, 15(1), 69-79 (2008)
54. Arigami T., S. Natsugoe, Y. Uenosono, S. Yanagita, K. Ehi, H. Arima, Y. Mataki, A. Nakajo, S. Ishigami and T. Aikou: Vascular endothelial growth factor-C and -D expression correlates with lymph node micrometastasis in pN0 early gastric cancer. J Surg Oncol, 99(3), 148-53 (2009)
55. Morita H., Y. Ishikawa, Y. Akishima-Fukasawa, K. Ito, Y. Akasaka, C. Nishimura, Y. Igarashi, K. Miki and T. Ishii: Histopathological predictor for regional lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Virchows Arch, 454(2), 143-51 (2009)
56. Kondo K., T. Kaneko, M. Baba and H. Konno: VEGF-C and VEGF-A synergistically enhance lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer. Biol Pharm Bull, 30(4), 633-7 (2007) (Pubitemid 46570975)
57. Vidal O., A. Soriano-Izquierdo, M. Pera, J. I. Elizalde, A. Palacin, A. Castells, J. M. Pique, A. Volant and J. P. Metges: Positive VEGF immunostaining independently predicts poor prognosis in curatively resected gastric cancer patients: results of a study assessing a panel of angiogenic markers. J Gastrointest Surg, 12 (6), 1005-14 (2008)
58. Min Y., Y. Adachi, H. Yamamoto, A. Imsumran, Y. Arimura, T. Endo, Y. Hinoda, C. T. Lee, S. Nadaf, D. P. Carbone and K. Imai: Insulin-like growth factor I receptor blockade enhances chemotherapy and radiation responses and inhibits tumour growth in human gastric cancer xenografts. Gut, 54(5), 591-600 (2005) (Pubitemid 40559239)
59. Toyokawa T., M. Yashiro and K. Hirakawa: Co-expression of keratinocyte growth factor and K-sam is an independent prognostic factor in gastric carcinoma. Oncol Rep, 21(4), 875-80 (2009)
60. Drebber U., S. E. Baldus, B. Nolden, G. Grass, E. Bollschweiler, H. P. Dienes, A. H. Holscher and S. P. Monig: The overexpression of c-met as a prognostic indicator for gastric carcinoma compared to p53 and p21 nuclear accumulation. Oncol Rep, 19(6), 1477-83 (2008)
61. Leung S. Y., X. Chen, K. M. Chu, S. T. Yuen, J. Mathy, J. Ji, A. S. Chan, R. Li, S. Law, O. G. Troyanskaya, I. P. Tu, J. Wong, S. So, D. Botstein and P. O. Brown: Phospholipase A2 group IIA expression in gastric adenocarcinoma is associated with prolonged survival and less frequent metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 99(25), 16203-8 (2002) (Pubitemid 35462773)
62. Ganesan K., T. Ivanova, Y. Wu, V. Rajasegaran, J. Wu, M. H. Lee, K. Yu, S. Y. Rha, H. C. Chung, B. Ylstra, G. Meijer, K. O. Lian, H. Grabsch and P. Tan: Inhibition of gastric cancer invasion and metastasis by PLA2G2A, a novel beta-catenin/TCF target gene. Cancer Res, 68(11), 4277-86 (2008)
63. Song K. Y., C. K. Jung, W. S. Park and C. H. Park: Expression of the antiapoptosis gene Survivin predicts poor prognosis of stage III gastric adenocarcinoma. Jpn J Clin Oncol, 39(5), 290-6 (2009)
64. Yie S. M., B. Lou, S. R. Ye, M. Cao, X. He, P. Li, K. Hu, L. Rao, S. M. Wu, H. B. Xiao and E. Gao: Detection of survivin-expressing circulating cancer cells (CCCs) in peripheral blood of patients with gastric and colorectal cancer reveals high risks of relapse. Ann Surg Oncol, 15(11), 3073-82 (2008)
65. Dalal K. M., Y. Woo, K. Kelly, C. Galanis, M. Gonen, Y. Fong and D. G. Coit: Detection of micrometastases in peritoneal washings of gastric cancer patients by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Gastric Cancer, 11(4), 206-13 (2008)
66. Maraculla T., F.J. Ramos and I. Tabernero:. Aurora Kinase family: a new target for anticancro drug. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov; 3: 114-22 (2008)
67. Ju H., H. Cho, Y. S. Kim, W. H. Kim, C. Ihm, S. M. Noh, J. B. Kim, D. S. Hahn, B. Y. Choi and C. Kang: Functional polymorphism 57 Val> Ile of aurora kinase A associated with increased risk of gastric cancer progression. Cancer Lett, 242(2), 273-9 (2006) (Pubitemid 44485314)
68. Lazar D., S. Taban, C. Ardeleanu, C. Simionescu, I. Sporea, M. Cornianu and C. Vernic: Immunohistochemical expression of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in gastric cancer. The correlations with the tumor angiogenesis and patients' survival. Rom J Morphol Embryol, 49(3), 371-9 (2008)
69. Walduck A. K., M. Weber, C. Wunder, S. Juettner, M. Stolte, M. Vieth, B. Wiedenmann, T. F. Meyer, M. Naumann and M. Hoecker: Identification of novel cyclooxygenase-2-dependent genes in Helicobacter pylori infection in vivo. Mol Cancer, 8, 22 (2009)
70. Song S. Y., H. J. Son, M. H. Kim, E. S. Nam, J. C. Rhee and C. Park: Prognostic significance of maspin expression in human gastric adenocarcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology, 54(75), 973-6 (2007) (Pubitemid 46903767)
71. Mori K., T. Suzuki, H. Uozaki, H. Nakanishi, T. Ueda, Y. Matsuno, Y. Kodera, H. Sakamoto, N. Yamamoto, M. Sasako, M. Kaminishi and H. Sasaki: Detection of minimal gastric cancer cells in peritoneal washings by focused microarray analysis with multiple markers: clinical implications. Ann Surg Oncol, 14(5), 1694-702 (2007) (Pubitemid 46791005)