What is the optimum parental socialisation style in Spain? A study with children and adolescents aged 10-14 years;¿Qué estilo de socialización parental es el idóneo en España? Un estudio con niños y adolescentes de 10 a 14 años

Infancia y Aprendizaje

Volumn 33, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 365-384

  García, Fernando ^a   Gracia, Enrique ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VALENCIA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Family socialisation; Parental strictness; Parental warmth; Parenting styles

Indexed keywords

EID: 77957010090     PISSN: 02103702     EISSN: 15784126     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1174/021037010792215118     Document Type: Article

References (111)

1. Adalbjarnardottir, S. & Hafsteinsson, L. G. (2001). Adolescents' perceived parenting styles and their substance use: Concurrent and longitudinal analyses. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 11, 401-423.
2. Amato, P. R. & Fowler, F. (2002). Parenting practices, child adjustment, and family diversity. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 64, 703-716.
3. Ato, M. & Vallejo, G. (2007). Diseños experimentales en psicología. Madrid: Pirámide.
4. Aunola, K., Stattin, H. & Nurmi, J. E. (2000). Parenting styles and adolescents' achievement strategies. Journal of Adolescence, 23, 205-222.
5. Baldwin, A. L. (1955). Behavior and development in childhood. Nueva York: Dryden.
6. Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
7. Barber, B. K., Olsen, J. E. & Shagle, S. C. (1994). Associations between Parental Psychological and Behavioral-Control and Youth Internalized and Externalized Behaviors. Child Development, 65, 1120-1136.
8. Barry, C. T., Frick, P. J. & Grafeman, S. J. (2008). Child versus parent reports of parenting practices: Implications for the conceptualization of child behavioral and emotional problems. Assessment, 15, 294-303.
9. Baumrind, D. (1967). Child cares practices anteceding three patterns of preschool behavior. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 75, 43-88.
10. Baumrind, D. (1971). Current theories of parental authority. Developmental Psychology Monographs, 4 (1, part 2), 1-103.
11. Baumrind, D. (1978). Reciprocal rights and responsibilities in parent-child relations. Journal of Social Issues, 34, 179-196.
12. Baumrind, D. (1983). Rejoinder to Lewis reinterpretation of parental firm control effects: Are authoritative families really harmonious? Psychological Bulletin, 94, 132-142.
13. Baumrind, D. (1993). The average expectable environment is not good enough: Response. Child Development, 64, 1299-1317.
14. Baumrind, D. (1997). The discipline encounter: Contemporary issues. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 2, 321-335.
15. Becker, W. C. (1964). Consequences of different kinds of parental discipline. En M. L. Hoffman & L. W. Hoffman (Eds.), Review of child development research (Vol. 1, pp. 169-208). Nueva York: Russell Sage Foundation.
16. Bingenheimer, J. B., Raudenbush, S. W., Leventhal, T. & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2005). Measurement equivalence and differential item functioning in family psychology. Journal of Family Psychology, 19, 441-455.
17. Brody, G. H. & Flor, D. L. (1998). Maternal resources, parenting practices, and child competence in rural, single-parent African American families. Child Development, 69, 803-816.
18. Buelga, S., Ravenna, M., Musitu, G. & Lila, M. (2006). Epidemiology and psychosocial risk factors associated with adolescent drug consumption. En S. Jackson & L. Goossens (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent development (pp. 337-364). Londres: Psychology Press.
19. Byrne, B. M. & Shavelson, R. J. (1996). On the structure of social self-concept for pre-, early, and late adolescents: A test of the Shavelson, Hubner, and Stanton (1976) model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 599-613.
20. Ceballos, E. & Rodrigo, M. J. (1998). Las metas y estrategias de socialización entre padres e hijos. En M. J. Rodrigo & J. Palacios (Eds.), Familia y desarrollo humano (Vol. 4, pp. 225-243). Madrid: Alianza.
21. Chao, R. K. (1994). Beyond parental control and authoritarian parenting style: Understanding Chinese parenting through the cultural notion of training. Child Development, 65, 1111-1119.
22. Chao, R. K. (1996). Chinese and European American mothers' beliefs about the role of parenting in children's school success. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 27, 403-423.
23. Chao, R. K. (2001). Extending research on the consequences of parenting style for Chinese Americans and European Americans. Child Development, 72, 1832-1843.
24. Cook, T. D. & Campbell, D. T. (1979). Quasi-experimentation: Design and analysis issues for field settings. Chicago: Rand McNally.
25. Darling, N. & Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting style as context: An integrative model. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 487-496.
26. Deater-Deckard, K., Bates, J. E., Dodge, K. A. & Pettit, G. S. (1996). Physical discipline among African American and European American mothers: Links to children's externalizing behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 32, 1065-1072.
27. Deater-Deckard, K. & Dodge, K. A. (1997). Externalizing behavior problems and discipline revisited: Nonlinear effects and variation by culture, context, and gender. Psychological Inquiry, 8, 161-175.
28. Delgado, A. O., Jiménez, Á. P., Sánchez-Queija, I. & Gaviño, F. L. (2007). Estilos educativos materno y paterno: Evaluación y relación con el ajuste adolescente. Anuario de Psicología, 23, 49-56.
29. Dornbusch, S. M., Ritter, P. L., Leiderman, P. H., Roberts, D. F. & Fraleigh, M. J. (1987). The relation of parenting style to adolescent school performance. Child Development, 58, 1244-1257.
30. Dwairy, M., Achoui, M., Abouserie, R. & Farah, A. (2006). Adolescent-family connectedness among Arabs: A second cross-regional research study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 37, 248-261.
31. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G. & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 175-191.
32. Furstenberg, F. F., Cook, T., Eccles, J., Elder, G. & Sameroff, A. (1999). Managing to make it: Urban families and adolescent success. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
33. García, F. & Gracia, E. (2009). Is always authoritative the optimum parenting style? Evidence from Spanish families. Adolescence, 44 (173), 101-131.
34. García, F. & Musitu, G. (1999). AF5: Autoconcepto Forma 5. Madrid: TEA.
35. García, J. F., Frías, M. D. & Pascual, J. (1999). Los diseños de la investigación experimental: Comprobación de las hipótesis. Valencia: Cristóbal Villalba.
36. García, J. F., Musitu, G. & Veiga, F. (2006). Autoconcepto en adultos de España y Portugal. Psicothema, 18, 551-556.
37. García, J. F., Pascual, J., Frías, M. D., Van Krunckelsven, D. & Murgui, S. (2008). Diseño y análisis de la potencia: n y los intervalos de confianza de las medias. Psicothema, 20, 933-938.
38. Gómez-Vela, M., Verdugo, M. & González-Gil, F. (2007). Calidad de vida y autoconcepto en adolescentes con necesidades educativas especiales y sin ellas. Infancia y Aprendizaje, 30, 523-536.
39. Gonzales, N. A., Cauce, A. M. & Mason, C. A. (1996). Interobserver agreement in the assessment of parental behavior and parent-adolescent conflict: African American mothers, daughters, and independent observers. Child development, 67, 1483-1498.
40. Gouveia, V. V., Clemente, M. & Espinosa, P. (2003). The horizontal and vertical attributes of individualism and collectivism in a Spanish population. Journal of Social Psychology, 143, 43-63.
41. Gracia, E. (1995). Visible but unreported: A case for the "not serious enough" cases of child maltreatment. Child Abuse and Neglect, 19, 1083-1093.
42. Gracia, E., Lila, M. & Musitu, G. (2005). Rechazo parental y ajuste psicológico y social de los hijos. Salud Mental, 28, 73-81.
43. Gray, M. R. & Steinberg, L. (1999). Unpacking authoritative parenting: Reassessing a multidimensional construct. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 61, 574-587.
44. Grusec, J. E. & Lytton, H. (1988). Social development: History, theory, and research. Nueva York: Springer-Verlag.
45. Harter, S. (1982). The perceived competence scale for children. Child Development, 53, 87-97.
46. Hindin, M. J. (2005). Family dynamics, gender differences and educational attainment in Filipino adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 28, 299-316.
47. Ho, D. Y. F. (1989). Continuity and variation in Chinese patterns of socialization. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 51, 149-163.
48. Johnson, B. M., Shulman, S. & Collins, W. A. (1991). Systemic patterns of parenting as reported by adolescents: Developmental differences and implications for psychosocial outcomes. Journal of Adolescent Research, 6, 235-252.
49. Kalton, G. (1983). Introduction to survey sampling. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
50. Kerr, M. & Stattin, H. (2000). What parents know, how they know it, and several forms of adolescent adjustment: Further support for a reinterpretation of monitoring. Developmental Psychology, 36, 366-380.
51. Khaleque, A. & Rohner, R. P. (2002). Perceived parental acceptance-rejection and psychological adjustment: A metaanalysis of cross-cultural and intracultural studies. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 64, 54-64.
52. Kim, K. & Rohner, R. P. (2002). Parental warmth, control, and involvement in schooling: Predicting academic achievement among Korean American adolescents. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 127-140.
53. Kremers, S. P., Brug, J., De Vries, H. & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2003). Parenting style and adolescent fruit consumption. Appetite, 41, 43-50.
54. Lamborn, S. D., Mounts, N. S., Steinberg, L. & Dornbusch, S. M. (1991). Patterns of competence and adjustment among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful families. Child Development, 62, 1049-1065.
55. Lewis, C. C. (1981). The effects of parental firm control: A reinterpretation of findings. Psychological Bulletin, 90, 547-563.
56. Lila, M., García, F. & Gracia, E. (2007). Perceived paternal and maternal acceptance and children's outcomes in Colombia. Social Behavior and Personality, 35, 115-124.
57. Lila, M. & Gracia, E. (2005). Determinantes de la aceptación-rechazo parental. Psicothema, 17, 107-111.
58. Lim, S. L. & Lim, B. K. (2003). Parenting style and child outcomes in Chinese and immigrant Chinese families-current findings and cross-cultural considerations in conceptualization and research. Marriage and Family Review, 35, 21-43.
59. Linares, M. C. G., Pelegrina, S. & Lendínez, J. (2002). Los estilos educativos de los padres y la competencia psicosocial de los adolescentes Anuario de Psicología, 33, 79-95.
60. Locke, L. M. & Prinz, R. J. (2002). Measurement of parental discipline and nurturance. Clinical Psychology Review, 22, 895-929.
61. Maccoby, E. E. (2000). Parenting and its effects on children: On reading and misreading behavior genetics. Annual Review of Psychology, 51, 1-27.
62. Maccoby, E. E. & Martin, J. A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. En P. H. Mussen (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology (Vol. 4, pp. 1-101). Nueva York: Wiley.
63. Marchetti, B. (1997). Concetto di sérelazioni familiari e valori. Tesina no publicada, Universidad de Bolonia, Italia.
64. Martín-Albo, J., Núñez, J. L., Navarro, J. G. & Grijalvo, F. (2007). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Translation and validation in university students. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 10, 458-467.
65. Martínez, I. & García, J. F. (2007). Impact of parenting styles on adolescents' self-esteem and internalization of values in Spain. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 10, 338-348.
66. MARTÍNEZ, I. & GARCÍA, J. F. (2008). Internalization of values and self-esteem among Brazilian teenagers from authoritative, indulgent, authoritarian, and neglectful homes. Adolescence, 43 (169), 13-29.
67. MARTÍNEZ, I., GARCÍA, J. F. & YUBERO, S. (2007). Parenting styles and adolescents' self-esteem in Brazil. Psychological Reports, 100, 731-745.
68. MUSITU, G. & GARCÍA, F. (2001). ESPA29: Escala de estilos de socialización parental en la adolescencia. Madrid: TEA.
69. MUSITU, G. & GARCÍA, J. F. (2004). Consecuencias de la socialización familiar en la cultura española. Psicothema, 16, 288-293.
70. NOLLER, P. & CALLAN, V. J. (1991). The adolescent in the family. Londres, Nueva York: Routledge.
71. OLIVA, A. (2006). Relaciones familiares y desarrollo adolescente. Anuario de Psicología, 37, 209-223.
72. OLIVA, A., PARRA, Á. & ARRANZ, E. (2008). Estilos relacionales parentales y ajuste. Infancia y Aprendizaje, 31, 93-106.
73. PARRA, Á. & OLIVA, A. (2006). Un análisis longitudinal sobre las dimensiones relevantes del estilo parental durante la adolescencia. Infancia y Aprendizaje, 29, 453-470.
74. PARRA, Á. & OLIVA, A. (2009). A longitudinal research on the development of emotional autonomy during adolescence. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 12, 66-75.
75. PÉREZ, J. F. G. (2008). Métodos de investigación, diseño y técnicas en las ciencias del comportamiento. Valencia: Palmero Ediciones.
76. PÉREZ, J. F. G., NAVARRO, D. F. & LLOBELL, J. P. (1999). Potencia estadística del diseño de Solomon. Psicothema, 11, 431-436.
77. QUOSS, B. & ZHAO, W. (1995). Parenting styles and children's satisfaction with parenting in China and the United States. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 26, 265-280.
78. RADZISZEWSKA, B., RICHARDSON, J. L., DENT, C. W. & FLAY, B. R. (1996). Parenting style and adolescent depressive symptoms, smoking, and academic achievement: Ethnic, gender, and SES differences. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 19, 289-305.
79. RANDOLPH, S. M. (1995). African American children in single-mother families. En B. J. Dickerson (Ed.), African American single mothers: Understanding their lives and families (Vol. 10, pp. 117-145). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
80. REGLIN, G. L. & ADAMS, D. R. (1990). Why Asian American high school students have higher grade point averages and SAT scores than other high school students. The High School Journal, 73, 143-149.
81. ROHNER, R. P. (1989). Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire (PARQ/Control). Rohner Research, 255 Codfish Falls Road, Storrs, CT, 06268-1425.
82. ROHNER, R. P. (1990). Handbook for the study of parental acceptance and rejection (3° ed.). Storrs, CT: Rohner Research Publications.
83. ROHNER, R. P. & KHALEQUE, A. (2003). Reliability and validity of the parental control scale: A meta-analysis of cross-cultural and intracultural studies. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 34, 643-649.
84. a ed.). Storrs, CT: Rohner Research Publications.
85. ROHNER, R. P., SAAVEDRA, J. & GRANUM, E. O. (1978). Development and validation of the Parental Acceptance Rejection Questionnaire: Test manual. JSAS Catalogue of Selected Documents in Psychology, 8, 7-8.
86. ROLLINS, B. C. & THOMAS, D. L. (1979). Parental support, power, and control techniques in the socialization of children. In W. R. Burr, R. Hill, F. I. Nye & I. L. Reiss (Eds.), Contemporary theories about the family: Research-based theories (Vol. 1, pp. 317-364). Nueva York: Free Press.
87. RUDY, D. & GRUSEC, J. E. (2001). Correlates of authoritarian parenting in individualist and collectivist cultures and implications for understanding the transmission of values. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 202-212.
88. SCHAEFER, E. S. (1959). A circumplex model for maternal behavior. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 59, 226-235.
89. SEARS, R. R., MACCOBY, E. E. & LEVIN, H. (1957). Patterns of child rearing. Evanston, IL: Row, Peterson.
90. SHAVELSON, R. J., HUBNER, J. J. & STANTON, G. C. (1976). Self-concept: Validation of construct interpretations. Review of Educational Research, 46, 407-441.
91. SHUCKSMITH, J., HENDRY, L. B. & GLENDINNING, A. (1995). Models of parenting: Implications for adolescent well-being within different types of family contexts. Journal of Adolescence, 18, 253-270.
92. SMETANA, J. G. (1995). Parenting styles and conceptions of parental authority during adolescence. Child Development, 66, 299-316.
93. STATTIN, H. & KERR, M. (2000). Parental monitoring: A reinterpretation. Child Development, 71, 1072-1085.
94. STEINBERG, L. (2001). We know some things: Parent-adolescent relationships in retrospect and prospect. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 11, 1-19.
95. STEINBERG, L. (2005). Psychological control: Style or substance? En J. G. Smetana (Ed.), New directions for child and adolescent development: Changes in parental authority during adolescence (pp. 71-78). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
96. STEINBERG, L., BLATT-EISENGART, I. & CAUFFMAN, E. (2006). Patterns of competence and adjustment among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful homes: A replication in a sample of serious juvenile offenders. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 16, 47-58.
97. STEINBERG, L., DORNBUSCH, S. M. & BROWN, B. B. (1992). Ethnic-differences in adolescent achievement: An ecological perspective. American Psychologist, 47, 723-729.
98. STEINBERG, L., ELMEN, J. D. & MOUNTS, N. S. (1989). Authoritative parenting, psychosocial maturity, and academic-success among adolescents. Child Development, 60, 1424-1436.
99. STEINBERG, L., LAMBORN, S. D., DARLING, N., MOUNTS, N. S. & DORNBUSCH, S. M. (1994). Over-Time changes in adjustment and competence among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful families. Child Development, 65, 754-770.
100. STEINBERG, L., MOUNTS, N. S., LAMBORN, S. D. & DORNBUSCH, S. M. (1991). Authoritative parenting and adolescent adjustment across varied ecological niches. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 1, 19-36.
101. STEVENS, J. (1992). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences (2° ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
102. SYMONDS, P. M. (1939). The psychology of parent-child relationships. Nueva York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
103. TABACHNICK, B. G. & FIDELL, L. S. (1983). Using multivariate statistics. Nueva York: Harper & Row.
104. TOBIN, J. J., WU, D. Y. H. & DAVIDSON, D. H. (1989). Preschool in three cultures: Japan, China, and the United States. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
105. TOMÁS, J. M. & OLIVER, A. (2004). Análisis psicométrico confirmatorio de una medida multidimensional del autoconcepto en español. Revista Interamericana de Psicología, 38, 285-293.
106. TRIANDIS, H. C. (1995). Individualism and collectivism. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
107. TRIANDIS, H. C. (2001). Individualism-collectivism and personality. Journal of Personality, 69, 907-924.
108. VILLALOBOS, J. A., CRUZ, A. V. & SÁNCHEZ, P. R. (2004). Estilos parentales y desarrollo psicosocial en estudiantes de Bachillerato. Revista Mexicana de Psicología, 21, 119-129.
109. VEIGA, F., GARCÍA, F., NETO, F. & ALMEIDA, L. (2009). The differentiation and promotion of students' rights in Portugal. School Psychology International, 30, 421-436.
110. WANG, C. H. C. & PHINNEY, J. S. (1998). Differences in child rearing attitudes between immigrant Chinese mothers and Anglo-American mothers. Early Development and Parenting, 7, 181-189.
111. WOLFRADT, U., HEMPEL, S. & MILES, J. N. V. (2003). Perceived parenting styles, depersonalisation, anxiety and coping behaviour in adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 521-532.