Games for civic learning: A conceptual framework and agenda for research and design

Games and Culture

Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 199-235

  Raphael, Chad ^a   Bachen, Christine ^a   Lynn, Kathleen M ^d   Baldwin Philippi, Jessica ^b   McKee, Kristen A ^c  

^a SANTA CLARA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c GOOGLE INC   (United States)

^d NONE

Author keywords

Agency; Citizenship; Civic; Ethics; Games; Leadership; Politics

Indexed keywords

EID: 77956817943     PISSN: 15554120     EISSN: 15554139     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1555412009354728     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Allen, M. J. (2006). Assessing general education programs. Bolton, MA: Anker Publishing.
2. Aristotle (323 B.C./1962). The politics (T. A. Sinclair, Trans.). Baltimore: Penguin Books.
3. Barry, M. (2002). Jennifer Government: NationStates [Computer game]. Bracknell, UK: Jolt Online Gaming.
4. Bennett, W. L. (2007). Changing citizenship in the digital age. In W. L. Bennett (Ed.), Civic life online: Learning how digital media can engage youth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
5. Bers, M. U., & Chau, C. (2006). Fostering civic engagement by building a virtual city. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11, article 4. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol11/issue3/bers. html
6. Bigelow, B., & Larsen, M. (1999, Fall). On the road to cultural bias: "The Oregon Trail." Equity Coalition, 5, 22-25.
7. Blizzard Entertainment. (2004). World of Warcraft [Computer game]. Irvine, CA: Author.
8. Bogost, I. (2007). Persuasive games: The expressive power of videogames. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
9. Buckingham, D., & Sefton-Green, J. (2003). Gotta catch em all: Structure, agency and pedagogy in children's media culture. Media, Culture & Society, 25, 379-399.
10. Chen, K. (2003). Civilization and its disk contents: Two essays on civilization and Civilization. Radical Society, 30, 95-107.
11. CIRCLE & Carnegie Corporation of New York. (2003). The civic mission of schools. New York: Author.
12. Cohen, J., & Arato, A. (1992). Civil society and political theory. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
13. Colby, A., Beaumont, E., Ehrlich, T., & Corngold, C. (2007). Educating for democracy: Preparing undergraduates for responsible political engagement. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
14. Couldry, N., Livingstone, S., & Markham, T. (2007). Media consumption and public engagement: Beyond the presumption of attention. New York: Macmillan.
15. Cress, C. M., Astin, H. S., Zimmerman-Oster, K., Burkhardt, J. C. (2001). Developmental outcomes of college students' involvement in leadership activities. Journal of College Student Development, 42, 15-27.
16. Dahlgren, P. (2007). Introduction: Youth, civic engagement and learning via new media. In P. Dahlgren (Ed.), Young citizens and new media: Learning for democratic participation (pp. 1-18). New York: Routledge.
17. de Castell, S., Jenson, J., & Taylor, N. (2007). Digital games for education: When meanings play. In Proceedings of DiGRA 2007 Conference. Tampere, Finland: DiGRA.
18. Dickinson, T. (2008, March). The machinery of hope. Rolling Stone. Retrieved April 12, 2008, from http://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/ obamamachineryofhope
19. Dugan, J. P. (2006). Involvement and leadership: A descriptive analysis of socially responsible leadership. Journal of College Student Development, 47, 335-343.
20. Easton, D. (1953). The political system: An inquiry into the state of political science. New York: Knopf.
21. Educational Simulations. (2004). Real Lives [Computer game]. Loma Rica, CA: Author.
22. Egenfeldt-Nielsen, S. (2007). Educational potential of computer games. New York: Continuum.
23. Egenfeldt-Nielsen, S., Heide Smith, J., & Pajares Tosca, S. (2008). Understanding video games: The essential introduction. New York: Routledge.
24. Elkind, J. (2003). Cantr II [Computer game]. Dublin, Ireland: Author. Retrieved August 6, 2006, from www.cantr.net
25. Feldman, L., Pasek, J., Romer, D., & Jamieson, K. H. (2007). Identifying best practices in civic education: Lessons from the Student Voices program. American Journal of Education, 114, 75-100.
26. Firaxis Games. (2001). Sid Meier's Civilization III [Computer game]. New York: Inforgames.
27. Flanagan, C., Syvertsen, A. K., & Stout, M. D. (2007). Civic measurement models: Tapping adolescents' civic engagement. CIRCLE Working Paper 55. Retrieved August 5, 2008, from http://www.civicyouth.org/PopUps/ WorkingPapers/WP55Flannagan.pdf
28. Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison (A. Sheridan, Trans.). New York: Vintage Books.
29. Gee, J. P. (2007). Good video games + good learning. New York: Peter Lang.
30. GolemLabs. (2004). Superpower II [Computer game]. Quebec, Canada: Author.
31. Grandy, J. (1989). Assessing changes in student values. In C. Adelman (Ed.), Performance and judgment (pp. 139-161). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education.
32. Hobbes, T. (1651). Leviathan, or, the matter, forme, and power of a common-wealth ecclesiasticall and civill. London: Andrew Ckooke.
33. Huizinga, J. (1938/2000). Homo ludens: A study of the play-element in culture. London: Routledge.
34. Inglis, T. (1997). Empowerment and emancipation. Adult Education Quarterly, 48, 3-17.
35. International Center on Nonviolent Conflict & BreakAway Ltd. (2006). A Force More Powerful [Computer game]. Hunt Valley, MA: Author.
36. Ion Storm, Inc. (2000). Deus Ex [Computer game]. Austin, TX: Eidos Interactive.
37. Jenkins, H. (2006, October). Confronting the challenges of participatory culture: Media education for the 21st century. Chicago: MacArthur Foundation. Retrieved August 27, 2007, from http://digitallearning.macfound.org/atf/cf/ %7B7E45C7E0-A3E0-4B89-AC9CE807E1B0AE4E%7D/JENKINS-WHITE-PAPER.PDF
38. Kahne, J., Middaugh, E., & Evans, C. (2008). The civic potential of video games. Retrieved September 17, 2008, from http://www.macfound.org/atf/cf/ %7Bb0386ce3-8b29-4162-8098-e466fb856794%7D/CIVIC-POTENTIAL-VIDEO-GAMES.PDF
39. Kahne, J., Middaugh, E., & Schutjer-Mance, K. (2005). California civic index. New York: Carnegie Corporation & Annenberg Foundation.
40. Kahne, J., & Sporte, S. (2008). Developing citizens: The impact of civic learning opportunities on students' commitment to civic participation. American Educational Research Journal, 45, 738-766.
41. Kirriemuir, J., & McFarlane, A. (2003). Literature review in games and learning. Retrieved November 16, 2007, from http://nestafuturelab.org/ research/reviews/08-01.htm
42. Konzack, L. (2002). Computer game criticism: A method for computer game analysis. Proceedings of the Computer Games and Digital Culture Conference. Tampere, Finland: DiGRA.
43. Laden, A. (1991). Games, fairness, and Rawls's A theory of justice. Philosophy and Public Affairs, 20, 189-222.
44. Lasswell, H. (1958). Politics: Who gets what, when, and how. New York: Meridian Books.
45. Learning Company. (1997). The Oregon Trail (3rd ed.) [Computer game]. San Francisco, CA: Author.
46. Levine, P. (2007). The future of democracy: Developing the next generation of American citizens. Lebanon, NH: Tufts University Press.
47. Lionhead Studios. (2005). Black & White 2 [Computer game]. Guildford, UK: Author.
48. Loader, B. D. (2007). Young citizens in the digital age: Disaffected or displaced. In B. D. Loader (Ed.), Young citizens in the digital age: Political engagement, young people, and new media (pp. 1-17). New York: Routledge.
49. Ma, Y., Williams, D., Prejean, L., & Richard, C. (2007). A research agenda for developing and implementing educational computer games. British Journal of Educational Technology, 38, 513-518.
50. Machiavelli, N. (1532/1984). The prince (P. Bondanella & M. Musa, Trans.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
51. Malone, T. W., & Lepper, M. (1987). Instrinsic motivation and instructional effectiveness in computer-based education. In R. E. Snow & M. F. Farr (Eds.), Aptitude, learning, and instruction. London: Erlbaum.
52. Marcelo, K. B., Lopez, M. H., Kennedy, C., & Barr, K. (2008). Young voter registration and turnout trends. Retrieved April 12, 2008, from http://www.civicyouth.org/PopUps/CIRCLE-RtV-Young-Voter-Trends.pdf
53. Maxis Software. (2004). SimCity 4 [Computer game]. Redwood City, CA: Electronic Arts.
54. McFarland, D. A., & Thomas, R. J. (2006). Bowling young: How youth voluntary associations influence adult political participation. American Sociological Review, 71, 401-425.
55. McMichael, A. (2007). PC games and the teaching of history. The History Teacher, 40, 203-218.
56. Mitchell, A., & Savill-Smith, C. (2004). The use of computer and video games for learning: A review of the literature. London: Learning and Skills Development Agency. Retrieved January 8, 2006, from http://www.lsda.org. uk/files/PDF/1529.pdf
57. Nagel, T. (2006). Ethics. In D. Borchert (Ed.), Encyclopedia of philosophy (Vol. 3, 2nd ed., pp. 379-394). Detroit, MI: Macmillan Reference USA.
58. O'Neil, H. F., Wainess, R., & Baker, E. L. (2005). Classification of learning outcomes: Evidence from the computer games literature. The Curriculum Journal, 16, 455-474.
59. Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action. New York: Cambridge University Press.
60. Paradox Interactive. (2001). Europa Universalis II [Computer game]. New York: Author.
61. Plato. (360 B.C./1985). The republic (R. W. Sterling & W. C. Scott, Trans.). New York: Norton.
62. Positech Games. (2005). Democracy [Computer game]. UK: Author.
63. Rawls, J. (1971). A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press/Harvard University Press.
64. Rest, J., & Narvaez, D. (1998). Guide for DIT-2. Minneapolis, MN: Center for the Study of Ethical Development, University of Minnesota.
65. Rice, J. W. (2007). New media resistance: Barriers to implementation of computer video games in the classroom. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 16, 249-261.
66. Rockstar Games. (2004). Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas [Computer game]. New York: Author.
67. Ruminski, H. (2006). Critical thinking. In D. Majka, W. G. Christ, & P. S. Voakes (Eds.), Assessing media education: A resource handbook for educators and administrators (pp. 167-90). New York: Routledge.
68. Salen, K., & Zimmerman, E. (2004). Rules of play: Game design fundamentals. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
69. Schut, K. (2007). Strategic simulations and our past: The bias of computer games in the presentation of history. Games and Culture, 2, 213-235.
70. Simkins, D. W., & Steinkuehler, C. (2008). Critical ethical reasoning and role-play. Games and Culture, 3, 333-355.
71. Squire, K. (2005). Changing the game: What happens when video games enter the classroom? Innovate Journal of Online Education, 1. Retrieved November 15, 2007, from http://www.innovate.info/index.php?view=article&id=82
72. Squire, K. (2006). From content to context: Videogames as designed experience. Educational Researcher, 35, 19-29.
73. Squire, K., & Barab, S. (2004). Replaying history: Engaging urban underserved students in learning world history through computer simulation games. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Learning Sciences (pp. 505-512). Los Angeles: UCLA Press.
74. Squire, K., & Jenkins, H. (2003). Harnessing the power of games in education. Insight, 3, 7-33.
75. Sundar, S. S. (2007). Agency and online media. In J. J. Arnett (Ed.), Encyclopedia of children, adolescents, and the media. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
76. Tom Snyder Productions. (1997). Decisions, Decisions 5.0 [Computer game]. Waterton, MA: Author.
77. Turkle, S. (1997). Seeing through computers. American Prospect, 8, 76-82.
78. United Nations World Food Program. (2005). Food Force [Computer game]. Rome, Italy: Author.
79. United Nations World Food Program. (2007). FreeRice [Computer game]. Retrieved July 11, 2008, from http://www.freerice.com
80. US Army. (2002). America's Army [Computer game]. Washington, DC: Department of Defense.
81. Watson, G., & Glaser, E. M. (1991). Watson-Glaser critical thinking appraisal manual. London: Psychological Corporation.
82. Westheimer, J., & Kahne, J. (2004). What kind of citizen? The politics of educating for democracy. American Educational Research Journal, 41, 237-269.
83. Zagal, J. P.,Mateas, M., Fernández-Vara, C., Hochhalter, B., & Lichti, N. (2005). Towards an ontological language for game analysis. In S. de Castell & J. Jenson (Eds.), Changing views: Worlds in play, selected papers of DiGRA 2005 (pp. 3-14). Vancouver, Canada: DiGRA.
84. Zukin, C., Keeter, S., Andolina, M., Jenkins, K., & Delli Carpini, M. (2006). A new engagement? Political participation, civic life, and the changing American citizen. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.