Use of ferrous fumarate to fortify foods for infants and young children

Nutrition Reviews

Volumn 68, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 522-530

  Hurrell, Richard ^a  

^a ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Bioavailability; Ferrous fumarate; Food aid; Fortification; Fortified blended foods; Infant foods

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN; ASCORBIC ACID; CLARITHROMYCIN; FERRIC PYROPHOSPHATE; FERROUS FUMARATE; FERROUS SULFATE; HEMOGLOBIN; ISOTOPE; MALTODEXTRIN; OMEPRAZOLE;

ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; BABY FOOD; BIOAVAILABILITY; CEREAL; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DISSOLUTION; ELEMENTAL DIET; HEALTH FOOD; HEALTH STATUS; HELICOBACTER INFECTION; HUMAN; IRON ABSORPTION; IRON DEFICIENCY; MAIZE; MILK; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT; REVIEW; STOMACH ACID SECRETION;

BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; FERROUS COMPOUNDS; FOOD, FORTIFIED; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT FOOD; INTESTINAL ABSORPTION; MALE; TRACE ELEMENTS;

EID: 77956638216     PISSN: 00296643     EISSN: 17534887     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00312.x     Document Type: Review

References (36)

1. Domellof M, Cohen RJ, Dewey KG, Hernell O, Rivera LL, Lonnerdal B. Iron supplementation of breast-fed Honduran and Swedish infants from 4 to 9 months of age. J Pediatr. 2001;138:679-687.
2. Lutter CK, Rivera JA. Nutritional status of infants and young children and characteristics of their diets. J Nutr. 2003;133(Suppl):S2941-S2949.
3. Grantham-McGregor S, Ani C. A review of studies on the effect of iron deficiency on cognitive development in children. J Nutr. 2001;131(Suppl):S649- S666. Discussion S666-S668.
4. Lozoff B, Black MM. Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on behaviour and development. In: Pettifor JM, Zlotkin S, eds. Micronutrient Deficiencies during the Weaning Period and the First Years of Life. Vevey & Basel, Switzerland: Nestic Ltd. & Kager AG; 2004:119-135.
5. Lozoff B, Jimenez E, Hagen J, Mollen E, Wolf AW. Poorer behavioral and developmental outcome more than 10 years after treatment for iron deficiency in infancy. Pediatrics. 2000;105:E51.
6. Roncagliolo M, Garrido M, Walter T, Peirano P, Lozoff B. Evidence of altered central nervous system development in infants with iron deficiency anemia at 6 mo: Delayed maturation of auditory brainstem responses. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;68:683-690.
7. Hurrell RF. Fortification: Overcoming technical and practical barriers. J Nutr. 2002;132(Suppl):S806-S812.
8. Hurrell RF. How to ensure adequate iron absorption from iron-fortified food. Nutr Rev. 2002;60(Suppl):S7-S15.
9. World Health Organization. Guidelines on Food Fortification with Micronutrients. Geneva: World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization; 2006.
10. Pan American Health Organization. Iron compounds for food fortification: Guidelines for Latin America and the Caribbean. Nutr Rev. 2002;60(Suppl):S50- S61.
11. Hurrell RF, Davidsson L, Reddy M, Kastenmayer P, Cook JD. A comparison of iron absorption in adults and infants consuming identical infant formulas. Br J Nutr. 1998;79:31-36.
12. Domellof M, Lönnerdal B, Abrams SA, Hernell O. Iron absorption in breast-fed infants: Effects of age, iron status, iron supplements, and complementary foods. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;76:198-204.
13. Hurrell RF, Furniss DE, Burri J, Whittaker P, Lynch SR, Cook JD. Iron fortification of infant cereals: A proposal for the use of ferrous fumarate or ferrous succinate. Am J Clin Nutr. 1989;49:1274-1282.
14. Sarker SA, Davidsson L, Mahmud H, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection, iron absorption, and gastric acid secretion in Bangladeshi children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:149-153.
15. Perez-Exposito AB, Villalpando S, Rivera JA, Griffin IJ, Abrams SA. Ferrous sulfate is more bioavailable among preschoolers than other forms of iron in a milk-based weaning food distributed by PROGRESA, a national program inMexico. J Nutr. 2005;135:64-69.
16. Hurrell RF, Reddy MB, Dassenko SA, Cook JD. Ferrous fumarate fortification of a chocolate drink powder. Br J Nutr. 1991;65:271-283.
17. Hurrell RF, Reddy MB, Burri J, Cook JD. An evaluation of EDTA compounds for iron fortification of cereal-based foods. Br J Nutr. 2000;84:903-910.
18. Fidler MC, Davidsson L, Zeder C, Walczyk T, Hurrell RF. Iron absorption from ferrous fumarate in adult women is influenced by ascorbic acid but not by Na(2)EDTA. Br J Nutr. 2003;90:1081-1085.
19. Davidsson L, Dimitriou T, Boy E, Walczyk T, Hurrell RF. Iron bioavailability from iron-fortified Guatemalan meals based on corn tortillas and black bean paste. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;75:535-539.
20. Davidsson L, Kastenmayer P, Szajewska H, Hurrell RF, Barclay D. Iron bioavailability in infants from an infant cereal fortified with ferric pyrophosphate or ferrous fumarate. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71:1597-1602.
21. Zimmermann MB. The potential of encapsulated iron compounds in food fortification: A review. Int J for Vitam Nutr Res. 2004;74:453-461.
22. Tondeur WC, Schauer CS, Christofides AL, et al. Determination of iron absorption from intrinsically labeled microencapsulated ferrous fumarate (sprinkles) in infants with different iron and hematologic status by using a dual-stable-isotope method. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:1436-1444.
23. Zlotkin SH, Schauer C, Agyei SO, et al. Demonstrating zinc and iron bioavailability from intrinsically labeled microencapsulated ferrous fumarate and zinc gluconate sprinkles in young children. J Nutr. 2006;136:920-925.
24. Faber M, Kvalsvig JD, Lombard CJ, Benade AJ. Effect of a fortified maize-meal porridge on anemia, micronutrient status, and motor development of infants. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82:1032-1039.
25. Davidsson L, Sarker SA, Jamil KA, Sultana S, Hurrell R. Regular consumption of a complementary food fortified with ascorbic acid and ferrous fumarate or ferric pyrophosphate is as useful as ferrous sulfate in maintaining hemoglobin concentrations >105 g/L in young Bangladeshi children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89:1815-1820.
26. Moretti D, Zimmermann MB, Wegmuller R, Walczyk T, Zeder C, Hurrell RF. Iron status and food matrix strongly affect the relative bioavailability of ferric pyrophosphate in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83:632-638.
27. World Health Organization, Pan American Health Organization. Vitamin and Mineral Requirements in Human Nutrition. Iron, 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2004:246-272.
28. Dewey KG, Brown KH. Update on technical issues concerning complementary feeding of young children in developing countries and implications for intervention programs. Food Nutr Bull. 2003;24:5-28.
29. Bothwell TH, MacPhail AP. The potential role of NaFeEDTA as an iron fortificant. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2004;74:421-434.
30. Hurrell RF, Lynch S, Bothwell T, et al. Enhancing the absorption of fortification iron - A sustain task force report. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2004;74:387-401.
31. Swain JH, Newman SM, Hunt JR. Bioavailability of elemental iron powders to rats is less than bakery-grade ferrous sulfate and predicted by iron solubility and particle surface area. J Nutr. 2003;133:3546-3552.
32. Lynch SR, Bothwell T. A comparison of physical properties, screening procedures and a human efficacy trial for predicting the bioavailability of commercial elemental iron powders used for food fortification. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2007;77:107-124.
33. Zimmermann MB, Winichagoon P, Gowachirapant S, et al. Comparison of the efficacy of wheat-based snacks fortified with ferrous sulfate, electrolytic iron, or hydrogen-reduced elemental iron: Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial in Thai women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82:1276-1282.
34. Walter T, Dallman PR, Pizarro F, et al. Effectiveness of ironfortified infant cereal in prevention of iron deficiency anemia. Pediatrics. 1993;91:976-982.
35. Hurrell R. Iron. In: Hurrell R, ed. The Mineral Fortification of Foods, 1st ed. Surrey, UK: Leatherhead Food RA; 1999:54-93.
36. Moore W, Grant F, Kratky Z, et al. A model for calculating the cost of employing iron absorption enhancement strategies in fortification programs. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2004;74:463-466.