메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 151-162

Poststroke complex regional pain syndrome

Author keywords

complex regional pain syndrome; CRPS; hemiplegia; stroke

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CALCITONIN GENE RELATED PEPTIDE; CARBAMAZEPINE; DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE; ENDOTHELIN 1; GABAPENTIN; INFLIXIMAB; INTERLEUKIN 6; MEMANTINE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; NAPROXEN; NITRIC OXIDE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; SUBSTANCE P; THALIDOMIDE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 77956255246     PISSN: 10749357     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1310/tsr1703-151     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (37)

References (107)
  • 1
    • 84925568282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. NINDS Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Information Page. Available at
    • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. NINDS Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Information Page. Available at: http://www.ninds. nih.gov/disorders/refl ex-sympathetic-dystrophy/refl ex-sympathetic-dystrophy. htm.
  • 3
    • 0014312198 scopus 로고
    • The shoulder-hand syndrome: Present perspective
    • Steinbrocker O. The shoulder-hand syndrome: present perspective. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1968;49(7):388-395.
    • (1968) Arch Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.49 , Issue.7 , pp. 388-395
    • Steinbrocker, O.1
  • 4
    • 0020071716 scopus 로고
    • A synthesis of studies on stroke rehabilitation
    • Lind K. A synthesis of studies on stroke rehabilitation. J Chronic Dis. 1982;35(2):133-149.
    • (1982) J Chronic Dis. , vol.35 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-149
    • Lind, K.1
  • 5
    • 0032152569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical observation on treatment of 83 cases of posthemiplegic omalgia
    • Chen L, Wu Q. Clinical observation on treatment of 83 cases of posthemiplegic omalgia. J Trad Chin Med. 1998;18(3):215-217.
    • (1998) J Trad Chin Med. , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 215-217
    • Chen, L.1    Wu, Q.2
  • 6
    • 0028151216 scopus 로고
    • The shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke: A prospective clinical trial
    • Braus DF, Krauss JK, Strobel J. The shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke: a prospective clinical trial. Ann Neurol. 1994;36(5):728-733.
    • (1994) Ann Neurol. , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 728-733
    • Braus, D.F.1    Krauss, J.K.2    Strobel, J.3
  • 7
    • 0022980327 scopus 로고
    • Hemiplegic shoulder pain
    • Griffi n JW. Hemiplegic shoulder pain. Phys Ther. 1986;66(12):1884-1893.
    • (1986) Phys Ther. , vol.66 , Issue.12 , pp. 1884-1893
    • Griffi, N.J.W.1
  • 8
    • 0032601902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shoulder-hand syndrome in patients after stroke
    • Zyluk A, Zyluk B. [Shoulder-hand syndrome in patients after stroke]. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 1999;33(1):131-142.
    • (1999) Neurol Neurochir Pol. , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-142
    • Zyluk, A.1    Zyluk, B.2
  • 9
    • 0017686021 scopus 로고
    • Shoulder-hand syndrome in a hemiplegic population: A 5-year retrospective study
    • Davis SW, Petrillo CR, Eichberg RD, Chu DS. Shoulder-hand syndrome in a hemiplegic population: a 5-year retrospective study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1977;58(8):353-356.
    • (1977) Arch Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.58 , Issue.8 , pp. 353-356
    • Davis, S.W.1    Petrillo, C.R.2    Eichberg, R.D.3    Chu, D.S.4
  • 11
    • 0033832098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review of aetiology and treatment of post-stroke hand oedema and shoulder-hand syndrome
    • Geurts AC, Visschers BA, Van Limbeek J, Ribbers GM. Systematic review of aetiology and treatment of post-stroke hand oedema and shoulder-hand syndrome. Scand J Rehabil Med. 2000;32(1):4-10.
    • (2000) Scand J Rehabil Med. , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-10
    • Geurts, A.C.1    Visschers, B.A.2    Van Limbeek, J.3    Ribbers, G.M.4
  • 12
    • 58149254965 scopus 로고
    • Causalgic states in peace and war
    • DeTakats G. Causalgic states in peace and war. JAMA. 1945;128:699.
    • (1945) JAMA. , vol.128 , pp. 699
    • Detakats, G.1
  • 13
    • 84944662080 scopus 로고
    • Vasomotor disturbance and edema associated with cerebral hemiplegia
    • Ellis LB, Weiss S. Vasomotor disturbance and edema associated with cerebral hemiplegia. Arch Neurol Psychiatry. 1936;36:362-372.
    • (1936) Arch Neurol Psychiatry. , vol.36 , pp. 362-372
    • Ellis, L.B.1    Weiss, S.2
  • 14
    • 84872631693 scopus 로고
    • Refl ex sympathetic dystrophy: Report on 57 cases
    • Evans JA. Refl ex sympathetic dystrophy: report on 57 cases. Ann Intern Med. 1947;26:417-426.
    • (1947) Ann Intern Med. , vol.26 , pp. 417-426
    • Evans, J.A.1
  • 15
    • 77956251846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shoulder pain and other musculoskeletal complications
    • Stein J, Harvey RL, Macko RF, Winstein CJ, Zorowitz RD, eds New York: DemosMedical
    • Yu DT. Shoulder pain and other musculoskeletal complications. In: Stein J, Harvey RL, Macko RF, Winstein CJ, Zorowitz RD, eds. Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation. New York: DemosMedical; 2009:437-451.
    • (2009) Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation , pp. 437-451
    • Yu, D.T.1
  • 16
    • 1842561616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical complications experienced by a cohort of stroke survivors during inpatient, tertiary-level stroke rehabilitation
    • McLean DE. Medical complications experienced by a cohort of stroke survivors during inpatient, tertiary-level stroke rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85(3):466-469.
    • (2004) Arch Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.85 , Issue.3 , pp. 466-469
    • McLean, D.E.1
  • 17
    • 0034038062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shoulder pain as an unusual presentation of pneumonia in a stroke patient: A case report
    • Petchkrua W, Harris SA. Shoulder pain as an unusual presentation of pneumonia in a stroke patient: a case report. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81(6):827-829.
    • (2000) Arch Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.81 , Issue.6 , pp. 827-829
    • Petchkrua, W.1    Harris, S.A.2
  • 22
    • 0032869925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome: Are the IASP diagnostic criteria valid and suffi ciently comprehensive?
    • Harden RN, Bruehl S, Galer BS, et al. Complex regional pain syndrome: are the IASP diagnostic criteria valid and suffi ciently comprehensive? Pain. 1999;83(2):211-219.
    • (1999) Pain. , vol.83 , Issue.2 , pp. 211-219
    • Harden, R.N.1    Bruehl, S.2    Galer, B.S.3
  • 23
    • 0032954613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • External validation of IASP diagnostic criteria for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome and proposed research diagnostic criteria
    • May
    • Bruehl S, Harden RN, Galer BS, et al. External validation of IASP diagnostic criteria for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome and proposed research diagnostic criteria. International Association for the Study of Pain. Pain. May 1999;81(1-2):147-154.
    • (1999) International Association for the Study of Pain. Pain. , vol.81 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 147-154
    • Bruehl, S.1    Harden, R.N.2    Galer, B.S.3
  • 24
    • 0036147319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome: Are there distinct subtypes and sequential stages of the syndrome?
    • Bruehl S, Harden RN, Galer BS, Saltz S, Backonja M, Stanton-Hicks M. Complex regional pain syndrome: are there distinct subtypes and sequential stages of the syndrome? Pain. 2002;95(1-2):119-124.
    • (2002) Pain. , vol.95 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 119-124
    • Bruehl, S.1    Harden, R.N.2    Galer, B.S.3    Saltz, S.4    Backonja, M.5    Stanton-Hicks, M.6
  • 25
    • 31644441971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke. A complex regional pain syndrome
    • Pertoldi S, Di Benedetto P. Shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke. A complex regional pain syndrome. Eura Medicophys. 2005;41(4):283-292.
    • (2005) Eura Medicophys. , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 283-292
    • Pertoldi, S.1    Di Benedetto, P.2
  • 26
    • 0016802585 scopus 로고
    • Refl ex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome: Comprehensive analysis using fi ne detailed radiography, photon absorptiometry and bone and joint scintigraphy
    • Genant HK, Kozin F, Becker D, Bekerman C. Refl ex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome: comprehensive analysis using fi ne detailed radiography, photon absorptiometry and bone and joint scintigraphy. Radiology. 1975;117:21-32.
    • (1975) Radiology. , vol.117 , pp. 21-32
    • Genant, H.K.1    Kozin, F.2    Becker, D.3    Bekerman, C.4
  • 27
    • 0017257576 scopus 로고
    • Refl ex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome II: Roentgenographic and scintigraphic evidence of bilaterality and of periarticular accentuation
    • Kozin F, Genant HK, Bekerman C, McCarty DJ. Refl ex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome II: Roentgenographic and scintigraphic evidence of bilaterality and of periarticular accentuation. Am J Med. 1976;60:332-338.
    • (1976) Am J Med. , vol.60 , pp. 332-338
    • Kozin, F.1    Genant, H.K.2    Bekerman, C.3    McCarty, D.J.4
  • 28
    • 84925565115 scopus 로고
    • Refl ex sympathetic dystrophy: III. Scintigraphic studies, further evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of systemic steroids, and proposed diagnostic criteria
    • Kozin F, Ryan LM, Carrera GF, Soin JS, Wortmann RL. Refl ex sympathetic dystrophy: III. Scintigraphic studies, further evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of systemic steroids, and proposed diagnostic criteria. Am J Med. 1981;70:86-91.
    • (1981) Am J Med. , vol.70 , pp. 86-91
    • Kozin, F.1    Ryan, L.M.2    Carrera, G.F.3    Soin, J.S.4    Wortmann, R.L.5
  • 29
    • 0033930137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reassessment of the incidence of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 following stroke
    • Petchkrua W, Weiss DJ, Patel RR. Reassessment of the incidence of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 following stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2000;14(1):59-63.
    • (2000) Neurorehabil Neural Repair. , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-63
    • Petchkrua, W.1    Weiss, D.J.2    Patel, R.R.3
  • 30
    • 0018838583 scopus 로고
    • Use of bone scanning in the diagnosis of refl ex sympathetic dystrophy
    • Simon H, Carlson DH. Use of bone scanning in the diagnosis of refl ex sympathetic dystrophy. Clin Nucl Med. 1980;5:116-121.
    • (1980) Clin Nucl Med. , vol.5 , pp. 116-121
    • Simon, H.1    Carlson, D.H.2
  • 32
    • 31444440690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glenohumeral subluxation in hemiplegia: An overview
    • Paci M, Nannetti L, Rinaldi LA. Glenohumeral subluxation in hemiplegia: an overview. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2005;42(4):557-568.
    • (2005) J Rehabil Res Dev. , vol.42 , Issue.4 , pp. 557-568
    • Paci, M.1    Nannetti, L.2    Rinaldi, L.A.3
  • 33
    • 0034235555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glenohumeral joint subluxation and refl ex sympathetic dystrophy in hemiplegic patients
    • Dursun E, Dursun N, Ural CE, Cakci A. Glenohumeral joint subluxation and refl ex sympathetic dystrophy in hemiplegic patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81(7):944-946.
    • (2000) Arch Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.81 , Issue.7 , pp. 944-946
    • Dursun, E.1    Dursun, N.2    Ural, C.E.3    Cakci, A.4
  • 34
    • 0036136950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical factors in the prognosis of complex regional pain syndrome type i after stroke: A prospective study
    • Daviet JC, Preux PM, Salle JY, et al. Clinical factors in the prognosis of complex regional pain syndrome type I after stroke: a prospective study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;81(1):34-39.
    • (2002) Am J Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.81 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-39
    • Daviet, J.C.1    Preux, P.M.2    Salle, J.Y.3
  • 35
    • 61549104910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current understandings on complex regional pain syndrome
    • De Mos M, Sturkenboom MC, Huygen FJ. Current understandings on complex regional pain syndrome. Pain Pract. 2009;9(2):86-99.
    • (2009) Pain Pract. , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 86-99
    • De Mos, M.1    Sturkenboom, M.C.2    Huygen, F.J.3
  • 36
    • 33947728441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke, complex regional pain syndrome and phantom limb pain: Can commonalities direct future management?
    • Acerra NE, Souvlis T, Moseley GL. Stroke, complex regional pain syndrome and phantom limb pain: can commonalities direct future management? J Rehabil Med. 2007;39(2):109-114.
    • (2007) J Rehabil Med. , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 109-114
    • Acerra, N.E.1    Souvlis, T.2    Moseley, G.L.3
  • 37
    • 68549125092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional imaging of central nervous system involvement in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Schwenkreis P, Maier C, Tegenthoff M. Functional imaging of central nervous system involvement in complex regional pain syndrome. Am J Neuroradiol. 2009;30(7):1279-1284.
    • (2009) Am J Neuroradiol. , vol.30 , Issue.7 , pp. 1279-1284
    • Schwenkreis, P.1    Maier, C.2    Tegenthoff, M.3
  • 38
    • 0347755537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of pain induced by startle and forehead cooling after sympathetic blockade in patients with complex regional pain syndrome
    • Drummond PD, Finch PM. Persistence of pain induced by startle and forehead cooling after sympathetic blockade in patients with complex regional pain syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004;75(1):98-102.
    • (2004) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. , vol.75 , Issue.1 , pp. 98-102
    • Drummond, P.D.1    Finch, P.M.2
  • 39
    • 33745069652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermography imaging during static and controlled thermoregulation in complex regional pain syndrome type 1: Diagnostic value and involvement of the central sympathetic system
    • Niehof SP, Huygen FJ, Van Der Weerd RW, Westra M, Zijlstra FJ. Thermography imaging during static and controlled thermoregulation in complex regional pain syndrome type 1: diagnostic value and involvement of the central sympathetic system. Biomed Eng Online. 2006;5(30):30.
    • (2006) Biomed Eng Online. , vol.5 , Issue.30 , pp. 30
    • Niehof, S.P.1    Huygen, F.J.2    Van Der Weerd, R.W.3    Westra, M.4    Zijlstra, F.J.5
  • 40
    • 15244346392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome
    • Birklein F. Complex regional pain syndrome. J Neurol. 2005;252(2):131-138.
    • (2005) J Neurol. , vol.252 , Issue.2 , pp. 131-138
    • Birklein, F.1
  • 41
    • 8644247669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma endothelin-1 levels in patients with complex regional pain syndrome
    • Eisenberg E, Erlich T, Zinder O, et al. Plasma endothelin-1 levels in patients with complex regional pain syndrome. Eur J Pain. 2004;8(6):533-538.
    • (2004) Eur J Pain. , vol.8 , Issue.6 , pp. 533-538
    • Eisenberg, E.1    Erlich, T.2    Zinder, O.3
  • 42
    • 33845500739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased endothelin-1 and diminished nitric oxide levels in blister fl uids of patients with intermediate cold type complex regional pain syndrome type 1
    • Groeneweg JG, Huygen FJ, Heijmans-Antonissen C, Niehof S, Zijlstra FJ. Increased endothelin-1 and diminished nitric oxide levels in blister fl uids of patients with intermediate cold type complex regional pain syndrome type 1. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2006;7(91):91.
    • (2006) BMC Musculoskelet Disord. , vol.7 , Issue.91 , pp. 91
    • Groeneweg, J.G.1    Huygen, F.J.2    Heijmans-Antonissen, C.3    Niehof, S.4    Zijlstra, F.J.5
  • 43
    • 0036325515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining the therapeutic role of local anesthetic sympathetic blockade in complex regional pain syndrome: A narrative and systematic review
    • Cepeda MS, Lau J, Carr DB. Defining the therapeutic role of local anesthetic sympathetic blockade in complex regional pain syndrome: a narrative and systematic review. Clin J Pain. 2002;18(4):216-233.
    • (2002) Clin J Pain. , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 216-233
    • Cepeda, M.S.1    Lau, J.2    Carr, D.B.3
  • 44
    • 31644436768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathologic alterations of cutaneous innervation and vasculature in affected limbs from patients with complex regional pain syndrome
    • Albrecht PJ, Hines S, Eisenberg E, et al. Pathologic alterations of cutaneous innervation and vasculature in affected limbs from patients with complex regional pain syndrome. Pain. 2006;120(3):244-266.
    • (2006) Pain. , vol.120 , Issue.3 , pp. 244-266
    • Albrecht, P.J.1    Hines, S.2    Eisenberg, E.3
  • 45
    • 0034333009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intradermal injection of norepinephrine evokes pain in patients with sympathetically maintained pain
    • Ali Z, Raja SN, Wesselmann U, Fuchs PN, Meyer RA, Campbell JN. Intradermal injection of norepinephrine evokes pain in patients with sympathetically maintained pain. Pain. 2000;88(2):161-168.
    • (2000) Pain. , vol.88 , Issue.2 , pp. 161-168
    • Ali, Z.1    Raja, S.N.2    Wesselmann, U.3    Fuchs, P.N.4    Meyer, R.A.5    Campbell, J.N.6
  • 46
    • 27644524517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Drummond PD. Involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in complex regional pain syndrome. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2004;3(1):35-42.
    • (2004) Int J Low Extrem Wounds. , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-42
    • Drummond, P.D.1
  • 47
    • 0035928395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of complex regional pain syndrome: No longer excessive sympathetic outfl ow?
    • Drummond PD. Mechanism of complex regional pain syndrome: no longer excessive sympathetic outfl ow? Lancet. 2001;358(9277):168-170.
    • (2001) Lancet. , vol.358 , Issue.9277 , pp. 168-170
    • Drummond, P.D.1
  • 48
    • 31644439417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of focal small-fi ber axonal degeneration in complex regional pain syndrome-I (refl ex sympathetic dystrophy)
    • Oaklander AL, Rissmiller JG, Gelman LB, Zheng L, Chang Y, Gott R. Evidence of focal small-fi ber axonal degeneration in complex regional pain syndrome-I (refl ex sympathetic dystrophy). Pain. 2006;120(3):235-243.
    • (2006) Pain. , vol.120 , Issue.3 , pp. 235-243
    • Oaklander, A.L.1    Rissmiller, J.G.2    Gelman, L.B.3    Zheng, L.4    Chang, Y.5    Gott, R.6
  • 49
    • 0034625770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal plasticity: Increasing the gain in pain
    • Woolf CJ, Salter MW. Neuronal plasticity: increasing the gain in pain. Science. 2000;288(5472):1765-1769.
    • (2000) Science. , vol.288 , Issue.5472 , pp. 1765-1769
    • Woolf, C.J.1    Salter, M.W.2
  • 50
    • 0242475309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central sensitization and LTP: Do pain and memory share similar mechanisms?
    • Ji RR, Kohno T, Moore KA, Woolf CJ. Central sensitization and LTP: do pain and memory share similar mechanisms? Trends Neurosci. 2003;26(12):696-705.
    • (2003) Trends Neurosci. , vol.26 , Issue.12 , pp. 696-705
    • Ji, R.R.1    Kohno, T.2    Moore, K.A.3    Woolf, C.J.4
  • 51
    • 0033589802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contralateral thalamic perfusion in patients with refl ex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome
    • Fukumoto M, Ushida T, Zinchuk VS, Yamamoto H, Yoshida S. Contralateral thalamic perfusion in patients with refl ex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. Lancet. 1999;354(9192):1790-1791.
    • (1999) Lancet. , vol.354 , Issue.9192 , pp. 1790-1791
    • Fukumoto, M.1    Ushida, T.2    Zinchuk, V.S.3    Yamamoto, H.4    Yoshida, S.5
  • 52
    • 0036070263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered central sensorimotor processing in patients with complex regional pain syndrome
    • Juottonen K, Gockel M, Silen T, Hurri H, Hari R, Forss N. Altered central sensorimotor processing in patients with complex regional pain syndrome. Pain. 2002;98(3):315-323.
    • (2002) Pain. , vol.98 , Issue.3 , pp. 315-323
    • Juottonen, K.1    Gockel, M.2    Silen, T.3    Hurri, H.4    Hari, R.5    Forss, N.6
  • 53
    • 0346103688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of cortical reorganization in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Maihofner C, Handwerker HO, Neundorfer B, Birklein F. Patterns of cortical reorganization in complex regional pain syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(12):1707-1715.
    • (2003) Neurology. , vol.61 , Issue.12 , pp. 1707-1715
    • Maihofner, C.1    Handwerker, H.O.2    Neundorfer, B.3    Birklein, F.4
  • 54
    • 1542345455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mean sustained pain levels are linked to hemispherical side-to-side differences of primary somatosensory cortex in the complex regional pain syndrome i
    • Pleger B, Tegenthoff M, Schwenkreis P, et al. Mean sustained pain levels are linked to hemispherical side-to-side differences of primary somatosensory cortex in the complex regional pain syndrome I. Exp Brain Res. 2004;155(1):115-119.
    • (2004) Exp Brain Res. , vol.155 , Issue.1 , pp. 115-119
    • Pleger, B.1    Tegenthoff, M.2    Schwenkreis, P.3
  • 55
    • 33746633016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of cortical reorganization parallel impaired tactile discrimination and pain intensity in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Pleger B, Ragert P, Schwenkreis P, et al. Patterns of cortical reorganization parallel impaired tactile discrimination and pain intensity in complex regional pain syndrome. Neuroimage. 2006;32(2):503-510.
    • (2006) Neuroimage. , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 503-510
    • Pleger, B.1    Ragert, P.2    Schwenkreis, P.3
  • 56
    • 4143107914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical reorganization during recovery from complex regional pain syndrome
    • Maihofner C, Handwerker HO, Neundorfer B, Birklein F. Cortical reorganization during recovery from complex regional pain syndrome. Neurology. 2004;63(4):693-701.
    • (2004) Neurology. , vol.63 , Issue.4 , pp. 693-701
    • Maihofner, C.1    Handwerker, H.O.2    Neundorfer, B.3    Birklein, F.4
  • 57
    • 14844337914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensorimotor retuning in complex regional pain syndrome parallels pain reduction
    • Pleger B, Tegenthoff M, Ragert P, et al. Sensorimotor retuning in complex regional pain syndrome parallels pain reduction. Ann Neurol. 2005;57(3):425-429.
    • (2005) Ann Neurol. , vol.57 , Issue.3 , pp. 425-429
    • Pleger, B.1    Tegenthoff, M.2    Ragert, P.3
  • 58
    • 30744458821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TMS motor cortical brain mapping in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type i
    • Krause P, Forderreuther S, Straube A. TMS motor cortical brain mapping in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type I. Clin Neurophysiol. 2006;117(1):169-176.
    • (2006) Clin Neurophysiol. , vol.117 , Issue.1 , pp. 169-176
    • Krause, P.1    Forderreuther, S.2    Straube, A.3
  • 59
    • 34848916086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The motor system shows adaptive changes in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Maihofner C, Baron R, DeCol R, et al. The motor system shows adaptive changes in complex regional pain syndrome. Brain. 2007;130(Pt 10):2671-2687.
    • (2007) Brain. , vol.130 , Issue.PART 10 , pp. 2671-2687
    • Maihofner, C.1    Baron, R.2    Decol, R.3
  • 60
    • 37849036070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral activation during motor imagery in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 with dystonia
    • Gieteling EW, Van Rijn MA, De Jong BM, et al. Cerebral activation during motor imagery in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 with dystonia. Pain. 2008;134(3):302-309.
    • (2008) Pain. , vol.134 , Issue.3 , pp. 302-309
    • Gieteling, E.W.1    Van Rijn, M.A.2    De Jong, B.M.3
  • 61
    • 33645218184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiplex bead array assay for detection of 25 soluble cytokines in blister fl uid of patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1
    • Heijmans-Antonissen C, Wesseldijk F, Munnikes RJ, et al. Multiplex bead array assay for detection of 25 soluble cytokines in blister fl uid of patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Mediators Infl amm. 2006;2006(1):28398.
    • (2006) Mediators Infl Amm. , vol.2006 , Issue.1 , pp. 28398
    • Heijmans-Antonissen, C.1    Wesseldijk, F.2    Munnikes, R.J.3
  • 65
    • 34249658983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional Pain Syndrome
    • Regional Pain Syndrome. Brain Behav Immun. 2007;21(5):668-676.
    • (2007) Brain Behav Immun. , vol.21 , Issue.5 , pp. 668-676
  • 67
    • 0035956495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The important role of neuropeptides in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Birklein F, Schmelz M, Schifter S, Weber M. The important role of neuropeptides in complex regional pain syndrome. Neurology. 2001;57(12):2179- 2184.
    • (2001) Neurology. , vol.57 , Issue.12 , pp. 2179-2184
    • Birklein, F.1    Schmelz, M.2    Schifter, S.3    Weber, M.4
  • 68
    • 0042237032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance-P-induced protein extravasation is bilaterally increased in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Leis S, Weber M, Isselmann A, Schmelz M, Birklein F. Substance-P-induced protein extravasation is bilaterally increased in complex regional pain syndrome. Exp Neurol. 2003;183(1):197-204.
    • (2003) Exp Neurol. , vol.183 , Issue.1 , pp. 197-204
    • Leis, S.1    Weber, M.2    Isselmann, A.3    Schmelz, M.4    Birklein, F.5
  • 69
    • 33645739008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory mediators are altered in the acute phase of posttraumatic complex regional pain syndrome
    • Schinkel C, Gaertner A, Zaspel J, Zedler S, Faist E, Schuermann M. Inflammatory mediators are altered in the acute phase of posttraumatic complex regional pain syndrome. Clin J Pain. 2006;22(3):235-239.
    • (2006) Clin J Pain. , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 235-239
    • Schinkel, C.1    Gaertner, A.2    Zaspel, J.3    Zedler, S.4    Faist, E.5    Schuermann, M.6
  • 71
    • 0034711178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased skin lactate in complex regional pain syndrome: Evidence for tissue hypoxia?
    • Birklein F, Weber M, Neundorfer B. Increased skin lactate in complex regional pain syndrome: evidence for tissue hypoxia? Neurology. 2000;55(8):1213-1215.
    • (2000) Neurology. , vol.55 , Issue.8 , pp. 1213-1215
    • Birklein, F.1    Weber, M.2    Neundorfer, B.3
  • 72
    • 0027453096 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic changes in reflex sympathetic dystrophy: A 31P NMR spectroscopy study
    • Heerschap A, Den Hollander JA, Reynen H, Goris RJ. Metabolic changes in reflex sympathetic dystrophy: a 31P NMR spectroscopy study. Muscle Nerve. 1993;16(4):367-373.
    • (1993) Muscle Nerve. , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 367-373
    • Heerschap, A.1    Den Hollander, J.A.2    Reynen, H.3    Goris, R.J.4
  • 73
    • 0037823497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue hypoxia in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Koban M, Leis S, Schultze-Mosgau S, Birklein F. Tissue hypoxia in complex regional pain syndrome. Pain. 2003;104(1-2):149-157.
    • (2003) Pain. , vol.104 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 149-157
    • Koban, M.1    Leis, S.2    Schultze-Mosgau, S.3    Birklein, F.4
  • 74
    • 0031843790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome type i (RSD): Pathology of skeletal muscle and peripheral nerve
    • Van Der Laan L, Ter Laak HJ, Gabreels-Festen A, Gabreels F, Goris RJ. Complex regional pain syndrome type I (RSD): pathology of skeletal muscle and peripheral nerve. Neurology. 1998;51(1):20-25.
    • (1998) Neurology. , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-25
    • Van Der Laan, L.1    Ter Laak, H.J.2    Gabreels-Festen, A.3    Gabreels, F.4    Goris, R.J.5
  • 75
    • 33747658952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial dysfunction in cold type complex regional pain syndrome
    • Schattschneider J, Hartung K, Stengel M, et al. Endothelial dysfunction in cold type complex regional pain syndrome. Neurology. 2006;67(4):673-675.
    • (2006) Neurology. , vol.67 , Issue.4 , pp. 673-675
    • Schattschneider, J.1    Hartung, K.2    Stengel, M.3
  • 76
    • 0032692539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain, negative mood, and perceived support in chronic pain patients: A daily diary study of people with refl ex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome
    • Feldman SI, Downey G, Schaffer-Neitz R. Pain, negative mood, and perceived support in chronic pain patients: a daily diary study of people with refl ex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1999;67(5):776-785.
    • (1999) J Consult Clin Psychol. , vol.67 , Issue.5 , pp. 776-785
    • Feldman, S.I.1    Downey, G.2    Schaffer-Neitz, R.3
  • 77
    • 0141955930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of expressive anger regulation on chronic pain intensity in CRPS and non-CRPS limb pain patients
    • Bruehl S, Chung OY, Burns JW. Differential effects of expressive anger regulation on chronic pain intensity in CRPS and non-CRPS limb pain patients. Pain. 2003;104(3):647-654.
    • (2003) Pain. , vol.104 , Issue.3 , pp. 647-654
    • Bruehl, S.1    Chung, O.Y.2    Burns, J.W.3
  • 78
    • 6444225797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased systemic catecholamines in complex regional pain syndrome and relationship to psychological factors: A pilot study
    • table of contents
    • Harden RN, Rudin NJ, Bruehl S, et al. Increased systemic catecholamines in complex regional pain syndrome and relationship to psychological factors: a pilot study. Anesth Analg. 2004;99(5):1478-1485; table of contents.
    • (2004) Anesth Analg. , vol.99 , Issue.5 , pp. 1478-1485
    • Harden, R.N.1    Rudin, N.J.2    Bruehl, S.3
  • 79
    • 34548472422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychoneuroendocrine stress response may impair neutrophil function in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Kaufmann I, Eisner C, Richter P, et al. Psychoneuroendocrine stress response may impair neutrophil function in complex regional pain syndrome. Clin Immunol. 2007;125(1):103-111.
    • (2007) Clin Immunol. , vol.125 , Issue.1 , pp. 103-111
    • Kaufmann, I.1    Eisner, C.2    Richter, P.3
  • 80
    • 0031866511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex Regional Pain Syndromes: Guidelines for therapy
    • Stanton-Hicks M, Baron R, Boas R, et al. Complex Regional Pain Syndromes: guidelines for therapy. Clin J Pain. 1998;14(2):155-166.
    • (1998) Clin J Pain. , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-166
    • Stanton-Hicks, M.1    Baron, R.2    Boas, R.3
  • 81
    • 0037227292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologic treatment of complex regional pain syndrome I: A conceptual framework
    • Ribbers GM, Geurts AC, Stam HJ, Mulder T. Pharmacologic treatment of complex regional pain syndrome I: a conceptual framework. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84(1):141-146.
    • (2003) Arch Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.84 , Issue.1 , pp. 141-146
    • Ribbers, G.M.1    Geurts, A.C.2    Stam, H.J.3    Mulder, T.4
  • 82
    • 0347815143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An updated interdisciplinary clinical pathway for CRPS: Report of an expert panel
    • Stanton-Hicks MD, Burton AW, Bruehl SP, et al. An updated interdisciplinary clinical pathway for CRPS: report of an expert panel. Pain Pract. 2002;2(1):1-16.
    • (2002) Pain Pract. , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-16
    • Stanton-Hicks, M.D.1    Burton, A.W.2    Bruehl, S.P.3
  • 83
    • 33847219596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memantine treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: A preliminary report of six cases
    • Sinis N, Birbaumer N, Gustin S, et al. Memantine treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: a preliminary report of six cases. Clin J Pain. 2007;23(3):237-243.
    • (2007) Clin J Pain. , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 237-243
    • Sinis, N.1    Birbaumer, N.2    Gustin, S.3
  • 85
    • 0035143518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The response of neuropathic pain and pain in complex regional pain syndrome i to carbamazepine and sustained-release morphine in patients pretreated with spinal cord stimulation: A double-blinded randomized study
    • Harke H, Gretenkort P, Ladleif HU, Rahman S, Harke O. The response of neuropathic pain and pain in complex regional pain syndrome I to carbamazepine and sustained-release morphine in patients pretreated with spinal cord stimulation: a double-blinded randomized study. Anesth Analg. 2001;92(2):488-495.
    • (2001) Anesth Analg. , vol.92 , Issue.2 , pp. 488-495
    • Harke, H.1    Gretenkort, P.2    Ladleif, H.U.3    Rahman, S.4    Harke, O.5
  • 86
    • 0030827378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical review of controlled clinical trials for peripheral neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndromes
    • Kingery WS. A critical review of controlled clinical trials for peripheral neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndromes. Pain. 1997;73(2):123-139.
    • (1997) Pain. , vol.73 , Issue.2 , pp. 123-139
    • Kingery, W.S.1
  • 87
    • 0033987492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjuvant physical therapy versus occupational therapy in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy/complex regional pain syndrome type i
    • Oerlemans HM, Oostendorp RA, De Boo T, Van Der Laan L, Severens JL, Goris JA. Adjuvant physical therapy versus occupational therapy in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy/complex regional pain syndrome type I. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81(1):49-56.
    • (2000) Arch Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.81 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-56
    • Oerlemans, H.M.1    Oostendorp, R.A.2    De Boo, T.3    Van Der Laan, L.4    Severens, J.L.5    Goris, J.A.6
  • 88
    • 24644459752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysynchiria: Watching the mirror image of the unaffected limb elicits pain on the affected side
    • Acerra NE, Moseley GL. Dysynchiria: watching the mirror image of the unaffected limb elicits pain on the affected side. Neurology. 2005;65(5):751-753.
    • (2005) Neurology. , vol.65 , Issue.5 , pp. 751-753
    • Acerra, N.E.1    Moseley, G.L.2
  • 89
    • 19544375822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mirror, mirror on the wall: Viewing a mirror reflection of unilateral hand movements facilitates ipsilateral M1 excitability
    • Garry MI, Loftus A, Summers JJ. Mirror, mirror on the wall: viewing a mirror reflection of unilateral hand movements facilitates ipsilateral M1 excitability. Exp Brain Res. 2005;163(1):118-122.
    • (2005) Exp Brain Res. , vol.163 , Issue.1 , pp. 118-122
    • Garry, M.I.1    Loftus, A.2    Summers, J.J.3
  • 90
    • 0037244695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled pilot study of the utility of mirror visual feedback in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome (type 1)
    • McCabe CS, Haigh RC, Ring EF, Halligan PW, Wall PD, Blake DR. A controlled pilot study of the utility of mirror visual feedback in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome (type 1). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2003;42(1):97-101.
    • (2003) Rheumatology (Oxford). , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 97-101
    • McCabe, C.S.1    Haigh, R.C.2    Ring, E.F.3    Halligan, P.W.4    Wall, P.D.5    Blake, D.R.6
  • 91
    • 0033549285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rehabilitation of hemiparesis after stroke with a mirror
    • Altschuler EL, Wisdom SB, Stone L, et al. Rehabilitation of hemiparesis after stroke with a mirror. Lancet. 1999;353(9169):2035-2036.
    • (1999) Lancet. , vol.353 , Issue.9169 , pp. 2035-2036
    • Altschuler, E.L.1    Wisdom, S.B.2    Stone, L.3
  • 92
    • 70349275367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mirror therapy in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 of the upper limb in stroke patients
    • Cacchio A, De Blasis E, De Blasis V, Santilli V, Spacca G. Mirror therapy in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 of the upper limb in stroke patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2009;23(8):792-799.
    • (2009) Neurorehabil Neural Repair. , vol.23 , Issue.8 , pp. 792-799
    • Cacchio, A.1    De Blasis, E.2    De Blasis, V.3    Santilli, V.4    Spacca, G.5
  • 93
    • 0033605532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes of intracortical inhibition during motor imagery in human subjects
    • Abbruzzese G, Assini A, Buccolieri A, Marchese R, Trompetto C. Changes of intracortical inhibition during motor imagery in human subjects. Neurosci Lett. 1999;263(2-3):113-116.
    • (1999) Neurosci Lett. , vol.263 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 113-116
    • Abbruzzese, G.1    Assini, A.2    Buccolieri, A.3    Marchese, R.4    Trompetto, C.5
  • 94
  • 95
    • 4043101908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does motor imagery training improve hand function in chronic stroke patients? A pilot study
    • Dijkerman HC, Ietswaart M, Johnston M, MacWalter RS. Does motor imagery training improve hand function in chronic stroke patients? A pilot study. Clin Rehabil. 2004;18(5):538-549.
    • (2004) Clin Rehabil. , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 538-549
    • Dijkerman, H.C.1    Ietswaart, M.2    Johnston, M.3    MacWalter, R.S.4
  • 96
    • 0023270627 scopus 로고
    • Scintigraphic evaluation of refl ex sympathetic dystrophy: Comparative study of the course of the disease under two therapeutic regimens
    • Rico H, Merono E, Gomez-Castresana F, Torrubiano J, Espinos D, Diaz P. Scintigraphic evaluation of refl ex sympathetic dystrophy: comparative study of the course of the disease under two therapeutic regimens. Clin Rheumatol. 1987;6(2):233-237.
    • (1987) Clin Rheumatol. , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 233-237
    • Rico, H.1    Merono, E.2    Gomez-Castresana, F.3    Torrubiano, J.4    Espinos, D.5    Diaz, P.6
  • 97
    • 32244446792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of prednisolone with piroxicam in complex regional pain syndrome following stroke: A randomized controlled trial
    • Kalita J, Vajpayee A, Misra UK. Comparison of prednisolone with piroxicam in complex regional pain syndrome following stroke: a randomized controlled trial. QJM. 2006;99(2):89-95.
    • (2006) QJM. , vol.99 , Issue.2 , pp. 89-95
    • Kalita, J.1    Vajpayee, A.2    Misra, U.K.3
  • 98
    • 0037379934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type i with free radical scavengers: A randomized controlled study
    • Perez RS, Zuurmond WW, Bezemer PD, et al. The treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type I with free radical scavengers: a randomized controlled study. Pain. 2003;102(3):297-307.
    • (2003) Pain. , vol.102 , Issue.3 , pp. 297-307
    • Perez, R.S.1    Zuurmond, W.W.2    Bezemer, P.D.3
  • 99
    • 0033547657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of vitamin C on frequency of refl ex sympathetic dystrophy in wrist fractures: A randomised trial
    • Zollinger PE, Tuinebreijer WE, Kreis RW, Breederveld RS. Effect of vitamin C on frequency of refl ex sympathetic dystrophy in wrist fractures: a randomised trial. Lancet. 1999;354(9195):2025-2028.
    • (1999) Lancet. , vol.354 , Issue.9195 , pp. 2025-2028
    • Zollinger, P.E.1    Tuinebreijer, W.E.2    Kreis, R.W.3    Breederveld, R.S.4
  • 100
    • 33748446468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological and behavioral aspects of complex regional pain syndrome management
    • Bruehl S, Chung OY. Psychological and behavioral aspects of complex regional pain syndrome management. Clin J Pain. 2006;22(5):430-437.
    • (2006) Clin J Pain. , vol.22 , Issue.5 , pp. 430-437
    • Bruehl, S.1    Chung, O.Y.2
  • 101
    • 0030989779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonate therapy of reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome
    • Adami S, Fossaluzza V, Gatti D, Fracassi E, Braga V. Bisphosphonate therapy of reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 1997;56(3):201-204.
    • (1997) Ann Rheum Dis. , vol.56 , Issue.3 , pp. 201-204
    • Adami, S.1    Fossaluzza, V.2    Gatti, D.3    Fracassi, E.4    Braga, V.5
  • 102
    • 0034080615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous clodronate in the treatment of refl ex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study
    • Varenna M, Zucchi F, Ghiringhelli D, et al. Intravenous clodronate in the treatment of refl ex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study. J Rheumatol. 2000;27(6):1477-1483.
    • (2000) J Rheumatol. , vol.27 , Issue.6 , pp. 1477-1483
    • Varenna, M.1    Zucchi, F.2    Ghiringhelli, D.3
  • 103
    • 8444227092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of alendronate in therapy for posttraumatic complex regional pain syndrome type i of the lower extremity
    • Manicourt DH, Brasseur JP, Boutsen Y, Depreseux G, Devogelaer JP. Role of alendronate in therapy for posttraumatic complex regional pain syndrome type I of the lower extremity. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50(11):3690-3697.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.50 , Issue.11 , pp. 3690-3697
    • Manicourt, D.H.1    Brasseur, J.P.2    Boutsen, Y.3    Depreseux, G.4    Devogelaer, J.P.5
  • 104
    • 5644220495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effi cacy of pamidronate in complex regional pain syndrome type i
    • Robinson JN, Sandom J, Chapman PT. Effi cacy of pamidronate in complex regional pain syndrome type I. Pain Med. 2004;5(3):276-280.
    • (2004) Pain Med. , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 276-280
    • Robinson, J.N.1    Sandom, J.2    Chapman, P.T.3
  • 105
    • 0026501933 scopus 로고
    • The effect of adding calcitonin to physical treatment on refl ex sympathetic dystrophy
    • Gobelet C, Waldburger M, Meier JL. The effect of adding calcitonin to physical treatment on refl ex sympathetic dystrophy. Pain. 1992;48(2):171-175.
    • (1992) Pain. , vol.48 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-175
    • Gobelet, C.1    Waldburger, M.2    Meier, J.L.3
  • 106
    • 0025834752 scopus 로고
    • The use of nasal calcitonin in the treatment of post-traumatic algodystrophy
    • Bickerstaff DR, Kanis JA. The use of nasal calcitonin in the treatment of post-traumatic algodystrophy. Br J Rheumatol. 1991;30(4):291-294.
    • (1991) Br J Rheumatol. , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 291-294
    • Bickerstaff, D.R.1    Kanis, J.A.2
  • 107
    • 33644864607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effi cacy of salmon calcitonin in complex regional pain syndrome (type 1) in addition to physical therapy
    • Sahin F, Yilmaz F, Kotevoglu N, Kuran B. Effi cacy of salmon calcitonin in complex regional pain syndrome (type 1) in addition to physical therapy. Clin Rheumatol. 2006;25(2):143-148.
    • (2006) Clin Rheumatol. , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 143-148
    • Sahin, F.1    Yilmaz, F.2    Kotevoglu, N.3    Kuran, B.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.