Four chapters about the monophyly of insect 'orders': A review of recent phylogenetic contributions

Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae

Volumn 48, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 217-232

  Zrzavý, Jan ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH BOHEMIA   (Czech Republic)

^b INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICS   (Czech Republic)

Author keywords

Blattaria; Boreidae; Cryptocercus; Insecta; Isoptera; Liposcelididae; Mecoptera; Monophyly; Nannochoristidae; Phthiraptera; Phylogeny; Psocoptera; Siphonaptera; Timema; Tricholepidion; Zygentoma

Indexed keywords

BLATTARIA; BOREIDAE; CRYPTOCERCIDAE; CRYPTOCERCUS; EMBIOPTERA; HEXAPODA; INSECTA; ISOPTERA; MECOPTERA; MEGALOPTERA; NANNOCHORISTIDAE; PHASMATODEA; PHTHIRAPTERA; PSOCOPTERA; RAPHIDIOPTERA; SIPHONAPTERA (FLEAS); THYSANURA; TIMEMA; TRICHOLEPIDION;

EID: 77955948847     PISSN: 03741036     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (85)

1. ASPÖCK U. 2002: Phylogeny of the Neuropterida (Insecta: Holometabola). Zoologica Scripta 31: 51-55.
2. ASPÖCK U. & ASPÖCK H. 2008: Phylogenetic relevance of the genital sclerites of Neuropterida (Insecta: Holometabola). Systematic Entomology 33: 97-127.
3. BARKER S. C., WHITING M., JOHNSON K. P. & MURELL A. 2003: Phylogeny of the lice (Insecta, Phthiraptera) inferred from small subunit rRNA. Zoologica Scripta 32: 407-411.
4. BEUTEL R. G. & BAUM E. 2008: A longstanding entomological problem finally solved? Head morphology of Nannochorista (Mecoptera, Insecta) and possible phylogenetic implications. Journal of Systematic Zoology and Evolutionary Research 46: 346-367.
5. BEUTEL R. G. & GORB S. N. 2001: Ultrastructure of attachment specializations of hexapods (Arthropoda): evolutionary patterns inferred from a revised ordinal phylogeny. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 39: 177-207.
6. BEUTEL R. G. & POHL H. 2006: Endopterygote systematics - where do we stand and what is the goal (Hexapoda, Arthropoda)? Systematic Entomology 31: 202-219.
7. BEUTEL R. G., FRIEDRICH F. & WHITING M. F. 2008: Head morphology of Caurinus (Boreidae, Mecoptera) and its phylogenetic implications. Arthropod Structure & Development 37: 418-433.
8. BEUTEL R. G. & GE S. Q. 2008: The larval head of Raphidia (Raphidioptera, Insecta) and its phylogenetic signi-ficance. Zoology 111: 89-113.
9. BILIŃSKI S. M. & BÜNING J. 1998: Structure of ovaries and oogenesis in the snow scorpionfly Boreus hyemalis (Linne) (Mecoptera: Boreidae). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 27: 333-340.
10. BILIŃSKI S. M., BÜNING J. & SIMICZYJEW B. 1998: The ovaries of Mecoptera: basic similarities and one exception to the rule. Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 36: 189-195.
11. BITSCH C. & BITSCH J. 1998: Internal anatomy and phylogenetic relationships among apterygote insect clades (Hexapoda). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 34: 339-363.
12. BITSCH C. & BITSCH J. 2000: The phylogenetic interrelationships of the higher taxa of apterygote hexapods. Zoologica Scripta 29: 131-156.
13. BITSCH C. & BITSCH J. 2004: Phylogenetic relationships of basal hexapods among the mandibulate arthropods: a cladistic analysis based on comparative morphological characters. Zoologica Scripta 33: 511-550.
14. BÜNING J. 1998: The ovariole structure, type, and phylogeny. Microscopical Anatomy of Invertebrates 11C: 897-932.
15. BÜNING J. 2005: The telotrophic ovary known from Neuropterida exists also in the myxophagan beetle Hydroscapha natans. Development Genes and Evolution 215: 597-607.
16. CAMERON S. L., BECKENBACH A. T., DOWTON M. & WHITING M. F. 2006: Evidence from mitochondrial genomics on interordinal relationships in insects. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 64: 27-34.
17. CARAPELLI A., NARDI F., DALLAI R. & FRATI F. 2006: A review of molecular data for the phylogeny of basal hexapods. Pedobiologia 50: 191-204.
18. COOK C. E., YUE Q. & AKAM M. 2005: Mitochondrial genomes suggest that hexapods and crustaceans are mutually paraphyletic. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272: 1295-1304.
19. COURRENT A., QUENNEDEY A., NALEPA C. A., ROBERT A., LENZ M. & BORDEREAU C. 2008: The fine structure of colleterial glands in two cockroaches and three termites, including a detailed study of Cryptocercus punctulatus (Blattaria, Cryptocercidae) and Mastotermes darwiniensis (Isoptera, Mastotermitidae). Arthropod Structure & Development 37: 55-66.
20. CRUICKSHANK R. H., JOHNSON K. P., SMOTH V. S., ADAMS R. J., CLAYTON D. H. & PAGE D. M. 2001: Phylogenetic analysis partial sequences of elongation factor 1α identifies major groups of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 19: 202-215.
21. DALLAI R., LUPETTI P., AFZELIUS B. A. & FRATI F. 2003: Sperm structure of Mecoptera and Siphonaptera (Insecta) and the phylogenetic position of Boreus hyemalis. Zoomorphology 122: 211-220.
22. DALLAI R., LUPETTI P., CARAPELLI A., FRATI F. & AFZELIUS B. A. 2002: Sperm structure and spermiogenesis in Atelura formicaria Heyden (Zygentoma, Insecta). Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 83: 245-262.
23. DALLAI R., LUPETTI P., FRATI F., NARDI F. & AFZELIUS B. A. 2001a: Binucleate and biflagellate spermatozoa in Tricholepidion gertschi Wygodzinsky (Insecta, Zygentoma). Tissue & Cell 33: 606-613.
24. DALLAI R., LUPETTI P., FRATI F., NARDI F. & AFZELIUS B. A. 2001b: Sperm ultrastructure and spermiogenesis in the relic species Tricholepidion gertschi Wygodzinsky (Insecta, Zygentoma). Tissue & Cell 33: 596-605.
25. GÄDE G., GRANDCOLAS P. & KELLNER R. 1997: Structural data on hypertrehalosaemic neuropeptides from Cryptocercus punctulatus and Therea petiveriana: how do they fit into the phylogeny of cockroaches? Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 264: 763-768.
26. GIRIBET G., EDGECOMBE G. D., CARPENTER J. M., D'HAESE C. A. & WHEELER W. C. 2004: Is Ellipura monophyletic? A combined analysis of basal hexapod relationships with emphasis on the origin of insects. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 4: 319-340.
27. GRANDCOLAS P. 1996: The phylogeny of cockroach families, a cladistic appraisal of morpho-anatomical data. Canadian Journal of Zoology 74: 508-527.
28. GRANDCOLAS P. 1999a: Reconstructing the past of Cryptocercus (Blattaria: Polyphagidae): phylogenetic histories and stories. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 92: 303-307.
29. GRANDCOLAS P. 1999b: Systematics, endosymbiosis, and biogeography of Cryptocercus clevelandi and C. punctulatus (Blattaria: Polyphagidae) from North America: a phylogenetic perspective. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 92: 285-291.
30. GRANDCOLAS P. & DELEPORTE P. 1996: The origin of protistan symbionts in termites and cockroaches: a phylogenetic perspective. Cladistics 12: 93-98.
31. GRANDCOLAS P. & D'HAESE C. 2001: The phylogeny of cockroach families: is the current molecular hypothesis robust? Cladistics 17: 48-55.
32. GRIMALDI D. & ENGEL M. S. 2005: Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, xv + 755 pp.
33. GRIMALDI D. & ENGEL M. S. 2006: Fossil Liposcelididae and the lice ages (Insecta: Psocodea). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273: 625-633.
34. HARING E. & ASPÖCK U. 2004: Phylogeny of the Neuropterida: a first molecular approach. Systematic Entomology 29: 415-430.
35. INWARD D., BECCALONI G. & EGGLETON P. 2007a: Death of an order: a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study confirms that termites are eusocial cockroaches. Biology Letters 3: 331-335.
36. INWARD D. J. G., VOGLER A. P. & EGGLETON P. 2007b: A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of termites (Isoptera) illuminates key aspects of their evolutionary biology. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44: 953-967.
37. JOHNSON K. P. & MOCKFORD E. L. 2003: Molecular systematics of Psocomorpha (Psocoptera). Systematic Entomology 28: 409-416.
38. JOHNSON K. P. & WHITING M. F. 2002: Multiple genes and the monophyly of Ischnocera (Insecta: Phthiraptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 22: 101-110.
39. JOHNSON K. P., YOSHIZAWA K. & SMITH V. S. 2004: Multiple origins of parasitism in lice. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 271: 1771-1776.
40. KAMBHAMPATI S., CLARK J. W. & BROCK B. L. 2002: Evolution of host- and habitat association in the wood-feeding cockroach, Cryptocercus. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 75: 163-172.
41. KJER K. M. 2004: Aligned 18S and insect phylogeny. Systematic Biology 53: 506-514.
42. KJER K. M., CARLE F. L., LITMAN J. & WARE J. 2006: A molecular phylogeny of Hexapoda. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 64: 35-44.
43. KLASS K. D. 2001: Morphological evidence on blattarian phylogeny: "phylogenetic histories and stories" (Insecta, Dictyoptera). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 48: 223-265.
44. KLASS K. D. & MEIER R. 2006: A phylogenetic analysis of Dictyoptera (Insecta) based on morphological characters. Entomologische Abhandlungen 63: 3-50.
45. KLASS K. D., NALEPA C. & LO N. 2008: Wood-feeding cockroaches as models for termite evolution (Insecta: Dictyoptera): Cryptocercus vs. Parasphaeria boleiriana. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46: 809-817.
46. KLASS K. D., ZOMPRO O., KRISTENSEN N. P. & ADIS J. 2002: Mantophasmatodea: a new insect order with extant members in the Afrotropics. Science 296: 1456-1459.
47. KOSHIKAWA S., MIYAZAKI S., CORNETTE R., MATSUMOTO T. & MIURA T. 2008: Genome size of termites (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Isoptera) and wood roaches (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Cryptocercidae). Naturwissenschaften 95: 859-867.
48. KRISTENSEN N. P. 1981: Phylogeny of insect orders. Annual Review of Entomology 26: 135-157.
49. KRISTENSEN N. P. 1999: Phylogeny of endopterygote insects, the most successful lineage of living organisms. European Journal of Entomology 96: 237-253.
50. KUBRAKIEWICZ J., JEDRZEJOWSKA I. & BILIŃSKI S. M. 1998: Neuropteroidea - different ovary structure in related groups. Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 36: 179-187.
51. LEGENDRE F., WHITING M. F., BORDEREAU C., CANCELLO E. M., EVANS T. A. & GRANDCOLAS P. 2008: The phylogeny of termites (Dictyoptera: Isoptera) based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers: implications for the evolution of the worker and pseudergate castes, and foraging behaviors. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48: 615-627.
52. LO N., BANDI C., WATANABE H., NALEPA C. & BENINATI T. 2003: Evidence for cocladogenesis between diverse dictyopteran lineages and their intracellular endosymbionts. Molecular Biology and Evolution 20: 907-913.
53. LO N., ENGEL M. S., CAMERON S., NALEPA C. A., TOKUDA G., GRIMALDI D., KITADE O., KRISHNA K., KLASS K. D., MAEKAWA K., MIURA T. & THOMPSON G. J. 2007: Save Isoptera: a comment on Inward et al. Biology Letters 3: 562-563.
54. LO N., TOKUDA G., WATANABE H., ROSE H., SLAYTOR M., MAEKAWA K., BANDI C. & NODA H. 2000: Evidence from multiple gene sequences indicates that termites evolved from wood-feeding cockroaches. Current Biology 10: 801-804.
55. LYAL C. H. C. 1985: Phylogeny and classification of the Psocodea, with particular reference to the lice (Psocodea, Phthiraptera). Systematic Entomology 10: 145-165.
56. MISOF B., NIEHUIS O., BISCHOFF I., RICKERT A., ERPENBECK D. & STANICZEK A. 2007: Towards an 18S phylogeny of hexapods: accounting for group-specific character covariance in optimized mixed nucleotide/doublet models. Zoology 110: 409-429.
57. MURELL A. & BARKER S. C. 2005: Multiple origins of parasitism in lice: phylogenetic analysis of SSU rDNA indicates that the Phthiraptera and Psocoptera are not monophyletic. Parasitological Research 97: 274-280.
58. NALEPA C. A. & BANDI C. 1999: Phylogenetic status, distribution, and biogeography of Cryptocercus (Dictyoptera: Cryptocercidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 92: 292-302.
59. NALEPA C. A. & LENZ M. 2000: The ootheca of Mastotermes darwiniensis Froggatt (Isoptera: Mastotermitidae): homology with cockroach oothecae. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 267: 1809-1813.
60. OHKUMA M., NODA S., HONGOH Y., NALEPA C. A. & INOUE T. 2008: Inheritance and diversification of symbiotic trichonymphid flagellates from a common ancestor of termites and the cockroach Cryptocercus. Proceedings of the Royal Society B (in press; DOI 10.1098/rspb.2008.1094).
61. PELLENS R., D'HAESE C. A., BELLES X., PIULACHS M. D., LEGENDRE F., WHEELER W. C. & GRANDCOLAS P. 2007: The evolutionary transition from subsocial to eusocial behaviour in Dictyoptera: phylogenetic evidence for modification of the "shift-in-dependent-care" hypothesis with a new subsocial cockroach. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43: 616-626.
62. SEEGER W. 1975: Specialized structures in antennal flagella of Paraneoptera (Insecta), especially Psocoptera, under aspects of function and morphology - Psocodea as a monophyletic group. Zeitschrift für Morphologie der Tiere 81: 137-159.
63. SIMICZYJEW B. 2002: Structure of the ovary in Nannochorista neotropica Navas (Insecta: Mecoptera: Nanno-choristidae) with remarks on mecopteran phylogeny. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 83: 61-66.
64. SPANGLER P. J. & STEINER W. E. 2005: A new aquatic beetle family, Meruidae, from Venezuela (Coleoptera: Adephaga). Systematic Entomology 30: 339-357.
65. STANICZEK A. H. 2000: The mandible of silverfish (Insecta: Zygentoma) and mayflies (Ephemeroptera): its morphology and phylogenetic significance. Zoologischer Anzeiger 239: 147-178.
66. STURM H. 1997: The mating behaviour of Tricholepidion gertschi Wygod., 1961 (Lepidotrichidae, Zygentoma) and its comparison with the behaviour of other "Apterygota". Pedobiologia 41: 44-49.
67. ŠTYS P. & BILIŃSKI S. M. 1990: Ovariole types and the phylogeny of hexapods. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 65: 401-429.
68. ŠTYS P., ZRZAVÝ J. & WEYDA F. 1993: Phylogeny of the Hexapoda and ovarian metamerism. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 68: 365-379.
69. SZKLARZEWICZ T., JABLOŃSKA A. & BILIŃSKI S. M. 2004: Ovaries of Petrobius brevistylis (Archaeognatha, Machilidae) and Tricholepidion gertschi (Zygentoma, Lepidotrichidae): morphology, ultrastructure and phylogenetic implications. Pedobiologia 48: 477-485.
70. TAYLOR S. D., DE LA CRUZ K. D., PORTER M. L. & WHITING M. F. 2005: Characterization of the long-wavelength opsin from Mecoptera and Siphonaptera: does a flea see? Molecular Biology and Evolution 22: 1165-1174.
71. TERRY M. D. & WHITING M. F. 2005: Mantophasmatodea and phylogeny of the lower neopterous insects. Cladistics 21: 240-257.
72. THORNE B. L. & CARPENTER J. M. 1992: Phylogeny of the Dictyoptera. Systematic Entomology 17: 253-268.
73. WARE J. L., LITMAN J., KLASS K.-D & SPEARMAN L. A. 2008: Relationships among the major lineages of Dictyoptera: the effect of outgroup selection on dictyopteran tree topology. Systematic Entomology 33: 429-450.
74. WHEELER W. C., WHITING M., WHEELER Q. D. & CARPENTER J. M. 2001: The phylogeny of the extant hexapod orders. Cladistics 17: 113-169.
75. WHITING M. F. 2002a: Mecoptera is paraphyletic: multiple genes and phylogeny of Mecoptera and Siphonaptera. Zoologica Scripta 31: 93-104.
76. WHITING M. F. 2002b: Phylogeny of the holometabolous insect orders: molecular evidence. Zoologica Scripta 31: 3-15.
77. WHITING M. F., CARPENTER J. C., WHEELER Q. D. & WHEELER W. C. 1997: The Strepsiptera problem: phylogeny of the holometabolous insect orders inferred from 18S and 28S ribosomal DNA sequences and morphology. Systematic Biology 46: 1-68.
78. WHITING M. F., WHITING A. S. & HASTRITER M. W. 2003: A comprehensive phylogeny of Mecoptera and Siphonaptera. Entomologische Abhandlungen 61: 169.
79. WHITING M. F., WHITING A. S., HASTRITER M. W. & DITTMAR K. 2008: A molecular phylogeny of fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera): origins and host associations. Cladistics 24: 677-707.
80. WILLMANN R. 1987: The phylogenetic system of the Mecoptera. Systematic Entomology 12: 519-524.
81. YOSHIZAWA K. 2002: Phylogeny and higher classification of suborder Psocomorpha (Insecta: Psocodea: 'Psocoptera'). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 136: 371-400.
82. YOSHIZAWA K. & JOHNSON K. P. 2003: Phylogenetic position of Phthiraptera (Insecta: Paraneoptera) and elevated rate of evolution in mitochondrial 12S and 16S rDNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 29: 102-114.
83. YOSHIZAWA K. & JOHNSON K. P. 2006: Morphology of male genitalia in lice and their relatives and phylogenetic implications. Systematic Entomology 31: 350-361.
84. YOSHIZAWA K., LIENHARD C. & JOHNSON K. P. 2006: Molecular systematics of the suborder Trogiomorpha (Insecta: Psocodea: 'Psocoptera'). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 146: 287-299.
85. YOSHIZAWA K. & SAIGUSA T. 2003: Reinterpretations of clypeus and maxilla in Psocoptera, and their significance in phylogeny of Paraneoptera (Insecta: Neoptera). Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 84: 33-40.