Fatigue in rheumatic disease: An overview

International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology

Volumn 5, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 487-502

  Stebbings, Simon ^c   Treharne, Gareth J ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO   (New Zealand)

^b DUDLEY GROUP OF HOSPITALS NHS TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^c NONE

Author keywords

ankylosing spondylitis; fatigue; osteoarthritis; quality of life; rheumatoid arthritis

Indexed keywords

ADALIMUMAB; DISEASE MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUG; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PREGABALIN; TOCILIZUMAB; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; COGNITIVE THERAPY; COPING BEHAVIOR; DISABILITY; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE SEVERITY; EXERCISE; FATIGUE; FIBROMYALGIA; HUMAN; MOOD DISORDER; OSTEOARTHRITIS; PAIN; PATIENT EDUCATION; PREDICTION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SELF CARE; SELF CONCEPT; SHORT FORM 36; SLEEP DISORDER; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE;

EID: 77955632231     PISSN: 17584272     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/ijr.10.30     Document Type: Review

References (119)

1. Soanes CHS, Elliott J: Pocket Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK (2005).
2. Aaronson LS, Teel CS, Cassmeyer V et al.: Defining and measuring fatigue. Image J. Nurs. Sch. 31, 45-50 (1999).
3. Ream E, Richardson A: Fatigue in patients with cancer and chronic obstructive airways disease: a phenomenological enquiry. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 34, 44-53 (1997).
4. Olson K: A new way of thinking about fatigue: a reconceptualization. Oncol. Nurs. Forum 34, 93-99 (2007).
5. Tack BB: Self-reported fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis. A pilot study. Arthritis Care Res. 3, 154-157 (1990).
6. Goodchild CE, Treharne GJ, Booth DA, Kitas GD, Bowman SJ: Measuring fatigue among women with sjogren's syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis: a comparison of the Profile of Fatigue (PrOF) and the multidimensional fatigue inventory (MFI). Musculoskeletal Care 6, 31-48 (2008).
7. Hewlett SNJ, Treharne GJ: Fatigue in musculoskeletal conditions. Topical Rev. 6(1), 1-12 (2008).
8. Stebbings S, Herbison P, Doyle TC, Treharne GJ, Highton J: A comparison of fatigue correlates in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: disparity in associations with disability, anxiety and sleep disturbance. Rheumatology (Oxford) 49, 361-367 (2010).
9. van Tubergen A, Coenen J, Landewe R et al.: Assessment of fatigue in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a psychometric analysis. Arthritis Rheum. 47, 8-16 (2002).
10. Treharne GJ, Lyons AC, Hale ED, Goodchild CE, Booth DA, Kitas GD: Predictors of fatigue over 1 year among people with rheumatoid arthritis. Psychol. Health Med. 13, 494-504 (2008).
11. Kirwan JR, Hewlett SE, Heiberg T et al.: Incorporating the patient perspective into outcome assessment in rheumatoid arthritis - progress at OMERACT 7. J. Rheumatol. 32, 2250-2256 (2005). (Pubitemid 41587877)
12. Kirwan JR, Minnock P, Adebajo A et al.: Patient perspective: fatigue as a recommended patient centered outcome measure in rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol. 34, 1174-1177 (2007).
13. Stone AA, Broderick JE, Porter LS, Kaell AT: The experience of rheumatoid arthritis pain and fatigue: examining momentary reports and correlates over one week. Arthritis Care Res. 10, 185-193 (1997).
14. Carr A, Hewlett S, Hughes R et al.: Rheumatology outcomes: the patient's perspective. J. Rheumatol. 30, 880-883 (2003).
15. Repping-Wuts H, Uitterhoeve R, van Riel P, van Achterberg T: Fatigue as experienced by patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA): a qualitative study. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 45, 995-1002 (2008).
16. Hewlett S, Cockshott Z, Byron M et al.: Patients' perceptions of fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis: overwhelming, uncontrollable, ignored. Arthritis Rheum. 53, 697-702 (2005).
17. Mengshoel AM: Living with a fluctuating illness of ankylosing spondylitis: a qualitative study. Arthritis Rheum. 59, 1439-1444 (2008).
18. Power JD, Badley EM, French MR, Wall AJ, Hawker GA: Fatigue in osteoarthritis: a qualitative study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 9, 63 (2008).
19. Wolfe F, Hawley DJ, Wilson K: The prevalence and meaning of fatigue in rheumatic disease. J. Rheumatol. 23, 1407-1417 (1996).
20. Belza BL: Comparison of self-reported fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis and controls. J. Rheumatol. 22, 639-643 (1995).
21. Pinals RS, Masi AT, Larsen RA: Preliminary criteria for clinical remission in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 24, 1308-1315 (1981).
22. Pollard LC, Choy EH, Gonzalez J, Khoshaba B, Scott DL: Fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis reflects pain, not disease activity. Rheumatology (Oxford) 45, 885-889 (2006).
23. Repping-Wuts H, Fransen J, van Achterberg T, Bleijenberg G, van Riel P. Persistent severe fatigue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J. Clin. Nurs. 16, 377-383 (2007).
24. Dagfinrud H, Vollestad NK, Loge JH, Kvien TK, Mengshoel AM: Fatigue in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a comparison with the general population and associations with clinical and self-reported measures. Arthritis Rheum. 53, 5-11 (2005).
25. Turan Y, Duruoz MT, Bal S, Guvenc A, Cerrahoglu L, Gurgan A: Assessment of fatigue in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol. Int. 27, 847-852
26. Belza BL, Henke CJ, Yelin EH, Epstein WV, Gilliss CL: Correlates of fatigue in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis. Nurs. Res. 42, 93-99 (1993).
27. Bormann J, Shively M, Smith TL, Gifford AL: Measurement of fatigue in HIV-positive adults: reliability and validity of the global fatigue index. J. Assoc. Nurses AIDS Care 12, 75-83 (2001).
28. Wambach KA: Maternal fatigue in breastfeeding primiparae during the first nine weeks postpartum. J. Hum. Lact. 14, 219-229 1998
29. Hewlett S, Carr M, Ryan S et al.: Outcomes generated by patients with rheumatoid arthritis: how important are they? Musculoskeletal Care 3, 131-142 (2005).
30. Mancuso CA, Paget SA, Charlson ME: Adaptations made by rheumatoid arthritis patients to continue working: a pilot study of workplace challenges and successful adaptations. Arthritis Care Res. 13, 89-99 (2000).
31. Backman CL: Employment and work disability in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 16, 148-152 (2004).
32. Albers JM, Kuper HH, van Riel PL et al.: Socio-economic consequences of rheumatoid arthritis in the first years of the disease. Rheumatology (Oxford) 38, 423-430 1999
33. Chorus AM, Miedema HS, Boonen A, Van Der Linden S: Quality of life and work in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis of working age. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 62, 1178-1184 (2003).
34. Mitchell JM, Burkhauser RV, Pincus T: The importance of age, education, and comorbidity in the substantial earnings losses of individuals with symmetric polyarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 31, 348-357 (1988).
35. Gignac MA, Davis AM, Hawker G et al.: "What do you expect? You're just getting older": a comparison of perceived osteoarthritis-related and aging-related health experiences in middle- and older-age adults. Arthritis Rheum. 55, 905-912 (2006).
36. Zochling J, Braun J, van der Heijde D. Assessments in ankylosing spondylitis. Best Pract. Res. 20, 521-537 (2006).
37. Neuberger G: Measures of fatigue. Arthritis Rheum. 49, S175-S183 (2003).
38. Hewlett S, Hehir M, Kirwan JR: Measuring fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review of scales in use. Arthritis Rheum. 57, 429-439 (2007). (Pubitemid 46682530)
39. Nicklin JK Kirwan JR, Cramp F, Hewlett S: Standardizing visual analogue scales to measure fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 56, S778 (2007).
40. Wolfe F: Fatigue assessments in rheumatoid arthritis: comparative performance of visual analog scales and longer fatigue questionnaires in 7760 patients. J. Rheumatol. 31, 1896-1902 (2004).
41. Wolfe F: Determinants of WOMAC function, pain and stiffness scores: evidence for the role of low back pain, symptom counts, fatigue and depression in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia. Rheumatology (Oxford) 38, 355-361 (1999).
42. Zautra AJ, Fasman R, Parish BP, Davis MC: Daily fatigue in women with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and fibromyalgia. Pain 128, 128-135 (2007).
43. Bergman MJ, Shahouri SS, Shaver TS et al.: Is fatigue an inflammatory variable in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? Analyses of fatigue in RA, osteoarthritis, and fibromyalgia. J. Rheumatol. 36, 2788-2794 (2009).
44. Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD: The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care 30, 473-483 (1992).
45. Garrett S, Jenkinson T, Kennedy LG, Whitelock H, Gaisford P, Calin A: A new approach to defining disease status in ankylosing spondylitis: the Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index. J. Rheumatol. 21, 2286-2291 (1994).
46. Dernis-Labous E, Messow M, Dougados M: Assessment of fatigue in the management of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 42, 1523-1528 (2003).
47. Williamson A, Hoggart B: Pain: a review of three commonly used pain rating scales. J. Clin. Nurs. 14, 798-804 (2005).
48. Grunberg SM, Groshen S, Steingass S, Zaretsky S, Meyerowitz B: Comparison of conditional quality of life terminology and visual analogue scale measurements. Qual. Life Res. 5, 65-72 (1996).
49. Pincus T, Wolfe F: Patient questionnaires for clinical research and improved standard patient care: Is it better to have 80% of the information in 100% of patients or 100% of the information in 5% of patients? J. Rheumatol. 32, 575-577 (2005).
50. Bellamy N, Buchanan WW, Goldsmith CH, Campbell J, Stitt LW: Validation study of WOMAC: A health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. J. Rheumatol. 15, 1833-1840 (1988).
51. Chaudhuri KR, Pal S, DiMarco A et al.: The Parkinson's disease sleep scale: a new instrument for assessing sleep and nocturnal disability in Parkinson's disease. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 73, 629-635 (2002).
52. Jenkinson TR, Mallorie PA, Whitelock HC, Kennedy LG, Garrett SL, Calin A: Defining spinal mobility in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The Bath as metrology index. J. Rheumatol. 21, 1694-1698 (1994).
53. Wolfe F, Pincus T: Data collection in the clinic. Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. 21, 321-358 (1995).
54. Theiler R, Spielberger J, Bischoff HA, Bellamy N, Huber J, Kroesen S: Clinical evaluation of the WOMAC 3.0 OA index in numeric rating scale format using a computerized touch screen version. Osteoarthr. Cartil. 10, 479-481 (2002).
55. Sieper J, Rudwaleit M, Baraliakos X et al.: The assessment of spondyloarthritis international society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 68(Suppl. 2), II1-II44 (2009).
56. Nicklin JK, Kirwan JR, Cramp F, Hewlett S: Development and initial validation of short scales to measure severity, effect and ability to cope with fatigue in RA. Rheumatology (Oxford) 48, 15 (2009).
57. Smets EM, Garssen B, Bonke B, De Haes JC: The multidimensional fatigue inventory (MFI) psychometric qualities of an instrument to assess fatigue. J. Psychosom Res. 39, 315-325 (1995).
58. Cella D, Yount S, Sorensen M, Chartash E, Sengupta N, Grober J: Validation of the functional assessment of chronic illness therapy fatigue scale relative to other instrumentation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol. 32, 811-819 (2005).
59. Genovese MC, McKay JD, Nasonov EL et al.: Interleukin-6 receptor inhibition with tocilizumab reduces disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis with inadequate response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: the tocilizumab in combination with traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy study. Arthritis Rheum. 58, 2968-2980 (2008).
60. Krupp LB, LaRocca NG, Muir-Nash J, Steinberg AD: The fatigue severity scale. Application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch. Neurol. 46, 1121-1123 (1989).
61. Wanders AJ, Gorman JD, Davis JC, Landewe RB, van der Heijde DM: Responsiveness and discriminative capacity of the assessments in ankylosing spondylitis disease-controlling antirheumatic therapy core set and other outcome measures in a trial of etanercept in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum. 51, 1-8 (2004).
62. van der Heijde D, Calin A, Dougados M, Khan MA, van der Linden S, Bellamy N: Selection of instruments in the core set for DC-ART, SMARD, physical therapy, and clinical record keeping in ankylosing spondylitis. Progress report of the ASAS working group. Assessments in ankylosing spondylitis. J. Rheumatol. 26, 951-954 (1999).
63. Hawker GA: Experiencing painful osteoarthritis: what have we learned from listening? Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 21, 507-512 (2009).
64. Pham T, Van Der Heijde D, Lassere M et al.: Outcome variables for osteoarthritis clinical trials: the OMERACT-OARSI set of responder criteria. J. Rheumatol. 30, 1648-1654 (2003).
65. Bouzubar F: Self-reportedfatigue in individuals with knee osteoarthrits. University of Pittsburg, CA, USA (2003) (PhD Thesis).
66. Nicklin JK Kirwan JR, Cramp F, Urban M, Hewlett S: Development and initial validation of the Bristol RA fatigue multi-dimensional questionnaire (BRAF-MDQ). Rheumatology (Oxford) 48(Suppl.), 12 (2009).
67. Heiberg T, Kvien TK, Dale O et al.: Daily health status registration (patient diary) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a comparison between personal digital assistant and paper-pencil format. Arthritis Rheum. 57, 454-460 (2007).
68. Schanberg LE, Gil KM, Anthony KK, Yow E, Rochon J: Pain, stiffness, and fatigue in juvenile polyarticular arthritis: contemporaneous stressful events and mood as predictors. Arthritis Rheum. 52, 1196-1204 (2005).
69. Schanberg LE, Sandstrom MJ, Starr K et al.: The relationship of daily mood and stressful events to symptoms in juvenile rheumatic disease. Arthritis Care Res. 13, 33-41 (2000).
70. Goodchild CE TG, Booth DA, Bowman SJ: Daytime patterning of fatigue and its associations with the previous night's discomfort and poor sleep among women with primary Sjogren's syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis. Musculoskeletal Care 8(2), 107-117 (2010).
71. Broderick JE, Schwartz JE, Schneider S, Stone AA: Can end-of-day reports replace momentary assessment of pain and fatigue? J. Pain 10, 274-281 (2009).
72. Broderick JE, Schwartz JE, Vikingstad G, Pribbernow M, Grossman S, Stone AA: The accuracy of pain and fatigue items across different reporting periods. Pain 139, 146-157 (2008).
73. Ware JE, Kosinski M, Turner-Bowker DM, Gandek B: How to Score Version 2 of The Sf-12 Health Survey. Quality Metric Inc., RI, USA (2002).
74. Mendoza TR, Wang XS, Cleeland CS et al.: The rapid assessment of fatigue severity in cancer patients: use of the brief fatigue inventory. Cancer 85, 1186-1196 (1999).
75. Feasson L, Camdessanche JP, El Mandhi L, Calmels P, Millet GY: Fatigue and neuromuscular diseases. Ann. Readapt. Med. Phys. 49, 289-300, 75-84 (2006).
76. Neuberger GB, Press AN, Lindsley HB et al.: Effects of exercise on fatigue, aerobic fitness, and disease activity measures in persons with rheumatoid arthritis. Res. Nurs. Health 20, 195-204 (1997).
77. Steffen TM, Hacker TA, Mollinger L: Age- and gender-related test performance in community-dwelling elderly people: six-minute walk test, berg balance scale, timed up & go test, and gait speeds. Phys. Ther. 82, 128-137 (2002).
78. Walker DJ, Kidd E, Heslop PS, Chandler C: Spontaneous ambulatory activity as a quantifiable outcome measure for rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 38, 1234-1238 (1999).
79. Curran SL, Beacham AO, Andrykowski MA: Ecological momentary assessment of fatigue following breast cancer treatment. J. Behav. Med. 27, 425-444 (2004).
80. Kennedy HG: Fatigue and fatigability. Br. J. Psychiatry 153, 1-5 (1988).
81. Kop WJ, Lyden A, Berlin AA et al.: Ambulatory monitoring of physical activity and symptoms in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 52, 296-303 (2005).
82. Huyser BA, Parker JC, Thoreson R, Smarr KL, Johnson JC, Hoffman R: Predictors of subjective fatigue among individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 41, 2230-2237 (1998).
83. Strand V, Scott DL, Emery P et al.: Physical function and health related quality of life: Analysis of 2-year data from randomized, controlled studies of leflunomide, sulfasalazine, or methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol. 32, 590-601 (2005).
84. Minnock P, Kirwan J, Bresnihan B: Fatigue is a reliable, sensitive and unique outcome measure in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 48, 1533-1536 (2009).
85. Weinblatt ME, Keystone EC, Furst DE et al.: Adalimumab, a fully human anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in patients taking concomitant methotrexate: the ARMADA trial. Arthritis Rheum. 48, 35-45 (2003).
86. de Vries MK, van Eijk IC, van der Horst-Bruinsma IE et al.: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein level, and serum amyloid a protein for patient selection and monitoring of anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum. 61, 1484-1490 (2009).
87. Wolfe F, Michaud K, Li T: Sleep disturbance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Evaluation by medical outcomes study and visual analog sleep scales. J. Rheumatol. 33, 1942-1951 (2006).
88. Allen KD, Renner JB, Devellis B, Helmick CG, Jordan JM: Osteoarthritis and sleep: the Johnston county osteoarthritis project. J. Rheumatol. 35, 1102-1107 (2008).
89. Hultgren S, Broman JE, Gudbjornsson B, Hetta J, Lindqvist U: Sleep disturbances in outpatients with ankylosing spondylitisa questionnaire study with gender implications. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 29, 365-369 (2000).
90. Riemsma RP, Rasker JJ, Taal E, Griep EN, Wouters JM, Wiegman O: Fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis: The role of self-efficacy and problematic social support. Br. J. Rheumatol. 37, 1042-1046 (1998).
91. Calin A, Garrett S, Whitelock H et al.: A new approach to defining functional ability in ankylosing spondylitis: the development of the bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index. J. Rheumatol. 21, 2281-2285 (1994).
92. Fifield J, Tennen H, Reisine S, McQuillan J: Depression and the long-term risk of pain, fatigue, and disability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 41, 1851-1857 (1998).
93. Barlow JH, Macey SJ, Struthers G: Psychosocial factors and self-help in ankylosing spondylitis patients. Clin. Rheumatol. 11, 220-225 (1992).
94. Treharne GJ, Lyons AC, Booth DA, Kitas GD: Psychological well-being across 1 year with rheumatoid arthritis: coping resources as buffers of perceived stress. Br. J. Health Psychol. 12, 323-345 (2007).
95. Lorig K, Chastain RL, Ung E, Shoor S, Holman HR: Development and evaluation of a scale to measure perceived self-efficacy in people with arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 32, 37-44 (1989).
96. Vitiello MV RB, Von Korff M, Stepanski EJ: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia improves sleep and decreases pain in older adults with co-morbid insomnia and osteoarthritis. J. Clin. Sleep Med. 5, 355-362 (2009).
97. Weinman J PK, Moss-Morris R, Horne R: The illness perception questionnaire: a new method for representing the cognitive representations of illness. Psychol. Health 11, 431-445 (1996).
98. Scharloo M, Kaptein AA, Weinman JA, Hazes JM, Breedveld FC, Rooijmans HG: Predicting functional status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol. 26, 1686-1693 (1999).
99. Stebbings S, Herbison P, Doyle TCH, Treharne GJ, Highton J: A comparison of employment status among people with rheumatoid arthritis in New Zealand and the UK: associations with demographics, functional status, disability and mood. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 67, 80 (2008).
100. Calin A, Dijkmans BA, Emery P et al.: Outcomes of a multicentre randomised clinical trial of etanercept to treat ankylosing spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 63, 1594-1600 (2004).
101. O'Malley PG, Balden E, Tomkins G, Santoro J, Kroenke K, Jackson JL: Treatment of fibromyalgia with antidepressants: a meta-analysis. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 15, 659-666 (2000).
102. Crofford LJ, Rowbotham MC, Mease PJ et al. : Pregabalin for the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 52, 1264-1273 (2005).
103. Lorig K, Gonzalez V: The integration of theory with practice: a 12-year case study. Health Educ. Q. 19, 355-368 (1992).
104. Mayoux-Benhamou MA: Fatigue and rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Readapt. Med. Phys. 49, 301-304, 85-88 (2006).
105. Barlow JH, Turner AP, Wright CC: A randomized controlled study of the arthritis self-management programme in the UK. Health education research 15, 665-680 (2000).
106. Barlow JH, Turner AP, Wright CC: Long-term outcomes of an arthritis self-management programme. Br. J. Rheumatol. 37, 1315-1319 (1998).
107. Brekke M, Hjortdahl P, Kvien TK: Self-efficacy and health status in rheumatoid arthritis: a two-year longitudinal observational study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 40(4), 387-392 (2001).
108. Barlow J, Turner A, Swaby L, Gilchrist M, Wright C, Doherty M: An 8-yr follow-up of arthritis self-management programme participants. Rheumatology (Oxford) 48, 128-133 (2009).
109. Hale ED: Applying psychological interventions in rheumatic disease. In: Evidence-Based Practice for Physiotherapists and Occupational Therapists. Dziedzic K, Hammond A (Eds). Elsevier, London, UK 151-162 (2009).
110. Evers AW, Kraaimaat FW, van Riel PL, de Jong AJ: Tailored cognitive-behavioral therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis for patients at risk: a randomized controlled trial. Pain 100, 141-153 (2002).
111. Hewlett S, Knops B et al.: Reducing the impact of rheumatoid arthritis fatigue: a randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioural therapy. Rheumatology (Oxford) 49, 16 (2010).
112. Stewart AL, Hays RD, Wells KB, Rogers WH, Spritzer KL, Greenfield S: Long-term functioning and well-being outcomes associated with physical activity and exercise in patients with chronic conditions in the medical outcomes study. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 47, 719-730 (1994).
113. Lemmey AB, Marcora SM, Chester K, Wilson S, Casanova F, Maddison PJ: Effects of high-intensity resistance training in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 61, 1726-1734 (2009).
114. Casillas JM, Damak S, Chauvet-Gelinier JC, Deley G, Ornetti P: Fatigue in patients with cardiovascular disease. Ann. Readapt. Med. Phys. 49, 309-319, 92-402 (2006).
115. Mayoux-Benhamou MA: Reconditioning in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Readapt. Med. Phys. 50, 382-385, 77-81 (2007).
116. Callahan LF, Mielenz T, Freburger J et al.: A randomized controlled trial of the people with arthritis can exercise program: symptoms, function, physical activity, and psychosocial outcomes. Arthritis Rheum. 59, 92-101 (2008).
117. Rasker JJ: The enigma of fatigue. J. Rheumatol. 36, 2630-2632 (2009).
118. Miller AF, Cunningham JA: How to avoid costly job mismatches. Manage. Rev. 70 (1981).
119. Kassean HK, Jagoo ZB: Managing change in the nursing handover from traditional to bedside handover - a case study from mauritius. BMC Nurs. 4, 1 (2005).