메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 150, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 522-534

Selective regulation of 3α-hydroxysteroid oxido-reductase expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons: A possible mechanism to cope with peripheral nerve injury-induced chronic pain

Author keywords

Cellular target for analgesics; Dorsal root ganglion; Neuropathic pain; Neurosteroid; Peripheral nerve constriction

Indexed keywords

3ALPHA HYDROXY 5ALPHA PREGNAN 20 ONE; 3ALPHA HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE; 6 CARBOXYFLUORESCEIN; MESSENGER RNA; SMALL INTERFERING RNA;

EID: 77955589267     PISSN: 03043959     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2010.06.004     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (37)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 33746902776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Permeability of injured and intact peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia
    • S.E. Abram, J. Yi, A. Fuchs, and Q.H. Hogan Permeability of injured and intact peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia Anesthesiology 105 2006 146 153
    • (2006) Anesthesiology , vol.105 , pp. 146-153
    • Abram, S.E.1    Yi, J.2    Fuchs, A.3    Hogan, Q.H.4
  • 4
    • 21744447595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurosteroids: Endogenous regulators of the GABA(A) receptor
    • D. Belelli, and J.J. Lambert Neurosteroids: endogenous regulators of the GABA(A) receptor Nat Rev Neurosci 6 2005 565 575
    • (2005) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 565-575
    • Belelli, D.1    Lambert, J.J.2
  • 5
    • 0023895875 scopus 로고
    • A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man
    • G.J. Bennett, and Y.K. Xie A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man Pain 33 1988 87 107
    • (1988) Pain , vol.33 , pp. 87-107
    • Bennett, G.J.1    Xie, Y.K.2
  • 6
    • 0026727782 scopus 로고
    • Three types of sodium channels in adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons
    • J.M. Caffrey, D.L. Eng, J.A. Black, S.G. Waxman, and J.D. Kocsis Three types of sodium channels in adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons Brain Res 592 1992 283 297
    • (1992) Brain Res , vol.592 , pp. 283-297
    • Caffrey, J.M.1    Eng, D.L.2    Black, J.A.3    Waxman, S.G.4    Kocsis, J.D.5
  • 7
    • 0033830198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain: Molecular mechanisms
    • M. Costigan, and C.J. Woolf Pain: molecular mechanisms J Pain 1 2000 35 44
    • (2000) J Pain , vol.1 , pp. 35-44
    • Costigan, M.1    Woolf, C.J.2
  • 9
    • 0036232838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the analgesic effect of neurosteroids and their possible mechanism of action
    • M. Gambhir, P.K. Mediratta, and K.K. Sharma Evaluation of the analgesic effect of neurosteroids and their possible mechanism of action Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 46 2002 202 208
    • (2002) Indian J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.46 , pp. 202-208
    • Gambhir, M.1    Mediratta, P.K.2    Sharma, K.K.3
  • 11
    • 0034306938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antinociceptive properties of neurosteroids: I. Spinally-mediated antinociceptive effects of water-soluble aminosteroids
    • C.S. Goodchild, Z. Guo, and R. Nadeson Antinociceptive properties of neurosteroids: I. Spinally-mediated antinociceptive effects of water-soluble aminosteroids Pain 88 2000 23 29
    • (2000) Pain , vol.88 , pp. 23-29
    • Goodchild, C.S.1    Guo, Z.2    Nadeson, R.3
  • 12
    • 0035065192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antinociceptive properties of neurosteroids: IV. Pilot study demonstrating the analgesic effects of alphadolone administered orally to humans
    • C.S. Goodchild, A. Robinson, and R. Nadeson Antinociceptive properties of neurosteroids: IV. Pilot study demonstrating the analgesic effects of alphadolone administered orally to humans Br J Anaesth 86 2001 528 534
    • (2001) Br J Anaesth , vol.86 , pp. 528-534
    • Goodchild, C.S.1    Robinson, A.2    Nadeson, R.3
  • 13
    • 0023924046 scopus 로고
    • A new and sensitive method for measuring thermal nociception in cutaneous hyperalgesia
    • K. Hargreaves, R. Dubner, F. Brown, C. Flores, and J. Joris A new and sensitive method for measuring thermal nociception in cutaneous hyperalgesia Pain 32 1988 77 88
    • (1988) Pain , vol.32 , pp. 77-88
    • Hargreaves, K.1    Dubner, R.2    Brown, F.3    Flores, C.4    Joris, J.5
  • 14
    • 33751314737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous neurosteroids regulate GABAA receptors through two discrete transmembrane sites
    • A.M. Hosie, M.E. Wilkins, H.M. da Silva, and T.G. Smart Endogenous neurosteroids regulate GABAA receptors through two discrete transmembrane sites Nature 444 2006 486 489
    • (2006) Nature , vol.444 , pp. 486-489
    • Hosie, A.M.1    Wilkins, M.E.2    Da Silva, H.M.3    Smart, T.G.4
  • 16
    • 0021263083 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the developmental pattern of rat ovarian 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: Inhibition of the postpubertal activity with medroxyprogesterone acetate in vivo
    • J. Jarrell Studies on the developmental pattern of rat ovarian 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: inhibition of the postpubertal activity with medroxyprogesterone acetate in vivo J Steroid Biochem 21 1984 151 156
    • (1984) J Steroid Biochem , vol.21 , pp. 151-156
    • Jarrell, J.1
  • 17
    • 71249138908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are neuroactive steroids promising therapeutic agents in the management of acute and chronic pain?
    • V. Jevtovic-Todorovic, D.F. Covey, and S.M. Todorovic Are neuroactive steroids promising therapeutic agents in the management of acute and chronic pain? Psychoneuroendocrinology 34 2009 S178 S185
    • (2009) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.34
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.1    Covey, D.F.2    Todorovic, S.M.3
  • 18
    • 0029860449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the substrate binding site in rat liver 3alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase: The roles of tryptophans in ligand binding and protein fluorescence
    • J.M. Jez, B.P. Schlegel, and T.M. Penning Characterization of the substrate binding site in rat liver 3alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase: the roles of tryptophans in ligand binding and protein fluorescence J Biol Chem 271 1996 30190 30198
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 30190-30198
    • Jez, J.M.1    Schlegel, B.P.2    Penning, T.M.3
  • 19
    • 0035855860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of nociception
    • D. Julius, and A.I. Basbaum Molecular mechanisms of nociception Nature 413 2001 203 210
    • (2001) Nature , vol.413 , pp. 203-210
    • Julius, D.1    Basbaum, A.I.2
  • 20
    • 20344390024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and neurochemical evidence for the biosynthesis of dehydroepiandrosterone in the adult rat spinal cord
    • C. Kibaly, C. Patte-Mensah, and A.G. Mensah-Nyagan Molecular and neurochemical evidence for the biosynthesis of dehydroepiandrosterone in the adult rat spinal cord J Neurochem 93 2005 1220 1230
    • (2005) J Neurochem , vol.93 , pp. 1220-1230
    • Kibaly, C.1    Patte-Mensah, C.2    Mensah-Nyagan, A.G.3
  • 21
    • 0030827378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical review of controlled clinical trials for peripheral neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndromes
    • W.S. Kingery A critical review of controlled clinical trials for peripheral neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndromes Pain 73 1997 123 139
    • (1997) Pain , vol.73 , pp. 123-139
    • Kingery, W.S.1
  • 22
    • 33644861097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Painful channels in sensory neurons
    • Y. Lee, C.H. Lee, and U. Oh Painful channels in sensory neurons Mol Cell 20 2005 315 324
    • (2005) Mol Cell , vol.20 , pp. 315-324
    • Lee, Y.1    Lee, C.H.2    Oh, U.3
  • 23
    • 0032712029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomic structure of rat 3alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (3alpha-HSD/DD, AKR1C9)
    • H.K. Lin, C.F. Hung, M. Moore, and T.M. Penning Genomic structure of rat 3alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (3alpha-HSD/DD, AKR1C9) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 71 1999 29 39
    • (1999) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol , vol.71 , pp. 29-39
    • Lin, H.K.1    Hung, C.F.2    Moore, M.3    Penning, T.M.4
  • 24
    • 0026509649 scopus 로고
    • Neurosteroids: Endogenous bimodal modulators of the GABAA receptor. Mechanism of action and physiological significance
    • M.D. Majewska Neurosteroids: endogenous bimodal modulators of the GABAA receptor. Mechanism of action and physiological significance Prog Neurobiol 38 1992 379 395
    • (1992) Prog Neurobiol , vol.38 , pp. 379-395
    • Majewska, M.D.1
  • 25
    • 0036133869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurosteroids: Biochemistry and clinical significance
    • S.H. Mellon, and L.D. Griffin Neurosteroids: biochemistry and clinical significance Trends Endocrinol Metab 13 2002 35 43
    • (2002) Trends Endocrinol Metab , vol.13 , pp. 35-43
    • Mellon, S.H.1    Griffin, L.D.2
  • 26
    • 0032956181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurosteroids: Expression of steroidogenic enzymes and regulation of steroid biosynthesis in the central nervous system
    • A.G. Mensah-Nyagan, J.L. Do-Rego, D. Beaujean, V. Luu-The, G. Pelletier, and H. Vaudry Neurosteroids: expression of steroidogenic enzymes and regulation of steroid biosynthesis in the central nervous system Pharmacol Rev 51 1999 63 81
    • (1999) Pharmacol Rev , vol.51 , pp. 63-81
    • Mensah-Nyagan, A.G.1    Do-Rego, J.L.2    Beaujean, D.3    Luu-The, V.4    Pelletier, G.5    Vaudry, H.6
  • 30
    • 0028032994 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical localization and biological activity of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the central nervous system of the frog
    • A.G. Mensah-Nyagan, M. Feuilloley, E. Dupont, J.L. Do-Rego, F. Leboulenger, G. Pelletier, and H. Vaudry Immunocytochemical localization and biological activity of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the central nervous system of the frog J Neurosci 14 1994 7306 7318
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 7306-7318
    • Mensah-Nyagan, A.G.1    Feuilloley, M.2    Dupont, E.3    Do-Rego, J.L.4    Leboulenger, F.5    Pelletier, G.6    Vaudry, H.7
  • 33
    • 40849126968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biological activity of 3alpha-hydroxysteroid oxido-reductase in the spinal cord regulates thermal and mechanical pain thresholds after sciatic nerve injury
    • L. Meyer, C. Venard, V. Schaeffer, C. Patte-Mensah, and A.G. Mensah-Nyagan The biological activity of 3alpha-hydroxysteroid oxido-reductase in the spinal cord regulates thermal and mechanical pain thresholds after sciatic nerve injury Neurobiol Dis 30 2008 30 41
    • (2008) Neurobiol Dis , vol.30 , pp. 30-41
    • Meyer, L.1    Venard, C.2    Schaeffer, V.3    Patte-Mensah, C.4    Mensah-Nyagan, A.G.5
  • 34
    • 0032890162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The induction of pain: An integrative review
    • M.J. Millan The induction of pain: an integrative review Prog Neurobiol 57 1999 1 164
    • (1999) Prog Neurobiol , vol.57 , pp. 1-164
    • Millan, M.J.1
  • 35
    • 0036277865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Descending control of pain
    • M.J. Millan Descending control of pain Prog Neurobiol 66 2002 355 474
    • (2002) Prog Neurobiol , vol.66 , pp. 355-474
    • Millan, M.J.1
  • 36
    • 62849090906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Animal models of pain: Progress and challenges
    • J.S. Mogil Animal models of pain: progress and challenges Nat Rev Neurosci 10 2009 283 294
    • (2009) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 283-294
    • Mogil, J.S.1
  • 37
    • 0344157469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of tumour necrosis factor, interleukin 6, interferon-gamma and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the development and pathology of the nervous system
    • M.A. Munoz-Fernandez, and M. Fresno The role of tumour necrosis factor, interleukin 6, interferon-gamma and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the development and pathology of the nervous system Prog Neurobiol 56 1998 307 340
    • (1998) Prog Neurobiol , vol.56 , pp. 307-340
    • Munoz-Fernandez, M.A.1    Fresno, M.2
  • 38
    • 0002444858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperalgesic actions of cytokines on peripheral nerves
    • R.R. Myers, R. Wagner, and L.S. Sorkin Hyperalgesic actions of cytokines on peripheral nerves L.R. Watkins, S.R. Maier, Cytokines and pain 1999 Birkhauser Verlag Boston 133 157
    • (1999) Cytokines and Pain , pp. 133-157
    • Myers, R.R.1    Wagner, R.2    Sorkin, L.S.3
  • 39
    • 0034306942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antinociceptive properties of neurosteroids: II. Experiments with Saffan and its components alphaxalone and alphadolone to reveal separation of anaesthetic and antinociceptive effects and the involvement of spinal cord GABA(A) receptors
    • R. Nadeson, and C.S. Goodchild Antinociceptive properties of neurosteroids: II. Experiments with Saffan and its components alphaxalone and alphadolone to reveal separation of anaesthetic and antinociceptive effects and the involvement of spinal cord GABA(A) receptors Pain 88 2000 31 39
    • (2000) Pain , vol.88 , pp. 31-39
    • Nadeson, R.1    Goodchild, C.S.2
  • 40
    • 45849100495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABAA receptor modulation in dorsal root ganglia in vivo affects chronic pain after nerve injury
    • A.K. Naik, S. Pathirathna, and V. Jevtovic-Todorovic GABAA receptor modulation in dorsal root ganglia in vivo affects chronic pain after nerve injury Neuroscience 154 2008 1539 1553
    • (2008) Neuroscience , vol.154 , pp. 1539-1553
    • Naik, A.K.1    Pathirathna, S.2    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.3
  • 41
    • 2442489671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TNF-alpha and TNF-alpha receptor type 1 upregulation in glia and neurons after peripheral nerve injury: Studies in murine DRG and spinal cord
    • S. Ohtori, K. Takahashi, H. Moriya, and R.R. Myers TNF-alpha and TNF-alpha receptor type 1 upregulation in glia and neurons after peripheral nerve injury: studies in murine DRG and spinal cord Spine 29 2004 1082 1088
    • (2004) Spine , vol.29 , pp. 1082-1088
    • Ohtori, S.1    Takahashi, K.2    Moriya, H.3    Myers, R.R.4
  • 43
    • 0041887298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular distribution and bioactivity of the key steroidogenic enzyme, cytochrome P450side chain cleavage, in sensory neural pathways
    • C. Patte-Mensah, V. Kappes, M.J. Freund-Mercier, K. Tsutsui, and A.G. Mensah-Nyagan Cellular distribution and bioactivity of the key steroidogenic enzyme, cytochrome P450side chain cleavage, in sensory neural pathways J Neurochem 86 2003 1233 1246
    • (2003) J Neurochem , vol.86 , pp. 1233-1246
    • Patte-Mensah, C.1    Kappes, V.2    Freund-Mercier, M.J.3    Tsutsui, K.4    Mensah-Nyagan, A.G.5
  • 45
    • 21144432157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance P inhibits progesterone conversion to neuroactive metabolites in spinal sensory circuit: A potential component of nociception
    • C. Patte-Mensah, C. Kibaly, and A.G. Mensah-Nyagan Substance P inhibits progesterone conversion to neuroactive metabolites in spinal sensory circuit: a potential component of nociception Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102 2005 9044 9049
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.102 , pp. 9044-9049
    • Patte-Mensah, C.1    Kibaly, C.2    Mensah-Nyagan, A.G.3
  • 46
    • 40849118468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral neuropathy and neurosteroid formation in the central nervous system
    • C. Patte-Mensah, and A.G. Mensah-Nyagan Peripheral neuropathy and neurosteroid formation in the central nervous system Brain Res Rev 57 2008 454 459
    • (2008) Brain Res Rev , vol.57 , pp. 454-459
    • Patte-Mensah, C.1    Mensah-Nyagan, A.G.2
  • 47
    • 4344694364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomical and cellular localization of neuroactive 5 alpha/3 alpha-reduced steroid-synthesizing enzymes in the spinal cord
    • C. Patte-Mensah, T.M. Penning, and A.G. Mensah-Nyagan Anatomical and cellular localization of neuroactive 5 alpha/3 alpha-reduced steroid-synthesizing enzymes in the spinal cord J Comp Neurol 477 2004 286 299
    • (2004) J Comp Neurol , vol.477 , pp. 286-299
    • Patte-Mensah, C.1    Penning, T.M.2    Mensah-Nyagan, A.G.3
  • 48
    • 0025835877 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA for rat liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid/ dihydrodiol dehydrogenase
    • J.E. Pawlowski, M. Huizinga, and T.M. Penning Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA for rat liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase J Biol Chem 266 1991 8820 8825
    • (1991) J Biol Chem , vol.266 , pp. 8820-8825
    • Pawlowski, J.E.1    Huizinga, M.2    Penning, T.M.3
  • 49
    • 0022403301 scopus 로고
    • Purification and properties of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from rat brain cytosol: Inhibition by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and progestins
    • T.M. Penning, R.B. Sharp, and N.R. Krieger Purification and properties of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from rat brain cytosol: inhibition by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and progestins J Biol Chem 260 1985 15266 15272
    • (1985) J Biol Chem , vol.260 , pp. 15266-15272
    • Penning, T.M.1    Sharp, R.B.2    Krieger, N.R.3
  • 50
    • 0344417939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic pain is associated with increased TrkA immunoreactivity in spinoreticular neurons
    • S. Pezet, B. Onteniente, G. Grannec, and B. Calvino Chronic pain is associated with increased TrkA immunoreactivity in spinoreticular neurons J Neurosci 19 1999 5482 5492
    • (1999) J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 5482-5492
    • Pezet, S.1    Onteniente, B.2    Grannec, G.3    Calvino, B.4
  • 51
    • 0035252591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of NGF receptors in primary sensory neurons by adjuvant-induced arthritis in the rat
    • S. Pezet, B. Onteniente, J. Jullien, M.P. Junier, G. Grannec, B.B. Rudkin, and B. Calvino Differential regulation of NGF receptors in primary sensory neurons by adjuvant-induced arthritis in the rat Pain 90 2001 113 125
    • (2001) Pain , vol.90 , pp. 113-125
    • Pezet, S.1    Onteniente, B.2    Jullien, J.3    Junier, M.P.4    Grannec, G.5    Rudkin, B.B.6    Calvino, B.7
  • 52
    • 33745791723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of neurosteroid production in human neuroblastoma cells by Alzheimer's disease key proteins
    • V. Schaeffer, C. Patte-Mensah, A. Eckert, and A.G. Mensah-Nyagan Modulation of neurosteroid production in human neuroblastoma cells by Alzheimer's disease key proteins J Neurobiol 66 2006 868 881
    • (2006) J Neurobiol , vol.66 , pp. 868-881
    • Schaeffer, V.1    Patte-Mensah, C.2    Eckert, A.3    Mensah-Nyagan, A.G.4
  • 53
    • 35548937457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuropathic pain triad: Neurons, immune cells and glia
    • J. Scholz, and C.J. Woolf The neuropathic pain triad: neurons, immune cells and glia Nat Neurosci 10 2007 1361 1368
    • (2007) Nat Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 1361-1368
    • Scholz, J.1    Woolf, C.J.2
  • 54
    • 0026502169 scopus 로고
    • Calcium current variation between acutely isolated adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons of different size
    • R.S. Scroggs, and A.P. Fox Calcium current variation between acutely isolated adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons of different size J Physiol 445 1992 639 658
    • (1992) J Physiol , vol.445 , pp. 639-658
    • Scroggs, R.S.1    Fox, A.P.2
  • 55
    • 0023759441 scopus 로고
    • Electrophoretic and immunochemical characterization of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenases of rat tissues
    • T.E. Smithgall, and T.M. Penning Electrophoretic and immunochemical characterization of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenases of rat tissues Biochem J 254 1988 715 721
    • (1988) Biochem J , vol.254 , pp. 715-721
    • Smithgall, T.E.1    Penning, T.M.2
  • 56
    • 1542314316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Key role of the dorsal root ganglion in neuropathic tactile hypersensibility
    • I. Sukhotinsky, E. Ben-Dor, P. Raber, and M. Devor Key role of the dorsal root ganglion in neuropathic tactile hypersensibility Eur J Pain 8 2004 135 143
    • (2004) Eur J Pain , vol.8 , pp. 135-143
    • Sukhotinsky, I.1    Ben-Dor, E.2    Raber, P.3    Devor, M.4
  • 57
    • 0036788082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond neurons: Evidence that immune and glial cells contribute to pathological pain states
    • L.R. Watkins, and S.F. Maier Beyond neurons: evidence that immune and glial cells contribute to pathological pain states Physiol Rev 82 2002 981 1011
    • (2002) Physiol Rev , vol.82 , pp. 981-1011
    • Watkins, L.R.1    Maier, S.F.2
  • 58
    • 1542268262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain: Moving from symptom control toward mechanism-specific pharmacologic management
    • C.J. Woolf Pain: moving from symptom control toward mechanism-specific pharmacologic management Ann Intern Med 140 2004 441 451
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 441-451
    • Woolf, C.J.1
  • 59
    • 0020525719 scopus 로고
    • Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals
    • M. Zimmermann Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals Pain 16 1983 109 110
    • (1983) Pain , vol.16 , pp. 109-110
    • Zimmermann, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.