Polarimetric and electrical characteristics of a lightning ring in a supercell storm

Monthly Weather Review

Volumn 138, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 2405-2425

  Payne, Clark D ^a   Schuur, Terry J ^a   Macgorman, Donald R ^a   Biggerstaff, Michael I ^a   Kuhlman, Kristin M ^a   Rust, W David ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

^b NATIONAL SEVERE STORMS LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Convective storms; Field experiments; Lightning; Radar Radar observations; Severe storms; Supercells

Indexed keywords

CONVECTIVE STORMS; FIELD EXPERIMENT; FIELD EXPERIMENTS; SEVERE STORMS; SUPER CELL;

CLIMATOLOGY; ELECTRIC UTILITIES; EXPERIMENTS; INSTRUMENTS; KINEMATICS; POLARIMETERS; POLAROGRAPHIC ANALYSIS; RADAR; SURVEILLANCE RADAR; THUNDERSTORMS; VORTICITY;

LIGHTNING;

CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; DOPPLER RADAR; LIGHTNING; OBSERVATIONAL METHOD; RADAR IMAGERY; SEVERE WEATHER; SUPERCELL; THUNDERSTORM; TORNADO; UPDRAFT; VORTICITY;

EID: 77955583328     PISSN: 00270644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2009MWR3210.1     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Biggerstaff, M. I., and Coauthors, 2005: The shared mobile atmospheric research and teaching radar: A collaboration to enhance research and teaching. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 86, 1263-1274.
2. Brandes, E. A., J. Vivekanandan, J. D. Tuttle, and C. J. Kessinger, 1995: A study of thunderstorm microphysics with multiparameter radar and aircraft observations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3129-3143.
3. Bringi, V. N., and V. Chandrasekar, 2001: Polarimetric Doppler Weather Radar: Principles and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 636 pp.
4. Bringi, L. Liu, P. C. Kennedy, V. Chandrasekar, and S. A. Rutledge, 1996: Dual multiparameter radar observations of intense convective storms: The 24 June 1992 case study. J. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 59, 3-31.
5. Buechler, D. E., E. W. McCaul, S. J. Goodman, R. J. Blakeslee, J. C. Bailey, and P. N. Gatlin, 2004: The severe weather outbreak of 10 November 2002: Lightning and radar analysis of storms in the Deep South. Preprints, 22nd Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Hyannis, MA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 16B.8.
6. Carey, L. D., and S. A. Rutledge, 1996:Amultiparameter radar case study of the microphysical and kinematic evolution of a lightning producing storm. J. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 59, 33-64.
7. Caylor, I. C., and A. J. Illingworth, 1987: Radar observations and modeling of warm rain initiation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 113, 1171-1191.
8. Conway, J. W., and D. S. Zrnic, 1993: A study of embryo production and hail growth using dual-Doppler and multiparameter radars. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2511-2528.
9. Crum, T. D., and R. L. Alberty, 1993: The WSR-88D and the WSR-88D Operation Support Facility. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 1669-1687.
10. Curran, E. B., and W. D. Rust, 1992: Positive ground flashes produced by low-precipitation thunderstorms in Oklahoma on 26 April 1984. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 544-553.
11. Doviak, R. J., and D. Zrnic, 1993: Doppler Radar and Weather Observations. Dover Publications, Inc., 562 pp.
12. Doviak, V. Bringi, A. Ryzhkov, A. Zahrai, and D. Zrnic, 2000: Considerations for polarimetric upgrades to operational WSR-88D radars. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 17, 257-278.
13. Gilmore, M. S., and L. J. Wicker, 2002: Influences of the local environment on supercell cloud-to-ground lightning, radar characteristics, and severe weather on 2 June 1995. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2349-2372.
14. Goodman, S. J., and Coauthors, 2005: The North Alabama lightning mapping array: Recent severe storm observations and future prospects. Atmos. Res., 76, 423-437.
15. Hamlin, T., P. R. Krehbiel, R. J. Thomas, W. Rison, and J. Harlin, 2003: Electrical structure and storm severity inferred by 3-D lightning mapping observations during STEPS. Proc. 12th Int. Conf. of Atmospheric Electricity, Versailles, France, ICAE, 189-192.
16. Hock, T. F., and J. L. Franklin, 1999: The NCAR GPS dropwinsonde. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 80, 407-420.
17. Höller, H., V. N. Bringi, J. Hubbert, M. Hagen, and P. F. Meischner, 1994: Life cycle and precipitation formation in a hybrid-type hailstorm revealed by polarimetric and Doppler radar measurements. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2500-2522.
18. Krehbiel, P. R., R. J. Thomas, W. Rison, T. Hamlin, J. Harlin, and M. Davis, 2000: GPS-based mapping system reveals lightning inside storms. Eos, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 81, 21-2225.
19. Kuhlman, K. M., D. R. MacGorman, M. I. Biggerstaff, and P. R. Krehbiel, 2009: Lightning initiation in the anvils of two supercell storms. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L07802, doi:10.1029/2008GL036650.
20. Kumjian, M. R., and A. V. Ryzhkov, 2008: Polarimetric signatures in supercell thunderstorms. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 47, 1940-1961.
21. Lemon, L. R., 1980: Severe thunderstorm radar identification techniques and warning criteria:Apreliminary report.NOAA Tech. Memo. NWS NSSFC-1, 60 pp. [NTIS PB273049.]
22. Lemon, and C. A. Doswell III, 1979: Severe thunderstorm evolution and meso-cyclone structure as related to tornadogenesis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 1184-1197.
23. Loney, M. L., D. S. Zrnic, J. M. Straka, and A. V. Ryzhkov, 2002: Enhanced polarimetric signatures above the melting level in a supercell storm. J. Appl. Meteor., 41, 1179-1194.
24. Lund, N. R., D. R. MacGorman, T. J. Schuur, M. I. Biggerstaff, and W. D. Rust, 2009: Relationships between lightning location and polarimetric radar signatures in a small mesoscale convective system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 4151-4170.
25. MacGorman, D. R., and D. W. Burgess, 1994: Positive cloud-toground lightning in tornadic storms and hailstorms. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1671-1697.
26. MacGorman, and W. D. Rust, 1998: The Electrical Nature of Storms. Oxford University Press, 422 pp.
27. MacGorman, D. W. Burgess, V. Mazur, W. D. Rust, W. L. Taylor, and B. C. Johnson, 1989: Lightning rates relative to tornadic storm evolution on 22 May 1981. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 221-250.
28. MacGorman, W. D. Rust, P. R. Krehbiel, W. Rison, E. C. Bruning, and K. C. Wiens, 2005: The electrical structure of two supercell storms during STEPS. Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 2583-2607.
29. MacGorman, and Coauthors, 2008: TELEX: The Thunderstorm Electrification and Lightning Experiment. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 89, 997-1013.
30. McCaul, E. W., J. Bailey, S. J. Goodman, R. Blakeslee, J. Hall, D. E. Buechler, and T. Bradshaw, 2002: Preliminary results from the North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array. Preprints, 21st Conf. on Severe Local Storms, San Antonio, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 427-430.
31. Miller, J. L., and S. M. Fredrick, 1998: CEDRIC-Custom Editing and Display of Reduced Information in Cartesian Space. NCAR Tech. Memo., MMM Division, 130 pp.
32. Murphy, M. J., and N. W. S. Demetriades, 2005: An analysis of lightning holes in a DFW supercell storm using total lightning and radar information. Preprints, Conf. on Meteorological Applications of Lightning Data, San Diego, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 2.3.
33. Oye, R., C. Miller, and S. Smith, 1995: Software for radar visualization, editing, and interpolation. Preprints, 27th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Vail, CO, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 359-361.
34. Rison, W., R. J. Thomas, P. R. Krehbiel, T. Hamlin, and J. Harlin, 1999: A GPS-based three-dimensional lightning mapping system: Initial observations in central New Mexico. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3573-3576.
35. Ryzhkov, A. V., S. G. Giangrande, and T. J. Schuur, 2005: Rainfall estimation with a polarimetric prototype ofWSR-88D. J. Appl. Meteor., 44, 502-515.
36. Saunders, C. P. R., and S. L. Peck, 1998: Laboratory studies of the influence of the rime accretion rate on charge transfer during crystal/graupel collisions. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13 949-13 956.
37. Saunders,H.Bax-Norman,C.Emersic,E. E.Avila, andN.E.Castellano, 2006: Laboratory studies of the effect of cloud conditions on graupel/crystal charge transfer in thunderstorm electrification. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 132, 2656-2673.
38. Schuur, T., A. Ryzhkov, and P. Heinselman, 2003: Observations and classification of echoes with the polarimetric WSR-88D radar. NOAA/NSSL Rep., 45 pp.
39. Seimon, A., 1993: Anomalous cloud-to-ground lightning in an F5 tornado-producing supercell on 28 August 1990. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 189-203.
40. Steiger, S. M., R. E. Orville, and L. D. Carey, 2007: Total lightning signatures of thunderstorm intensity over north Texas. Part I: Supercells. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 3281-3302.
41. Straka, J. M., D. S. Zrnic, and A. V. Ryzhkov, 2000: Bulk hydrometeor classification and quantification using polarimetric radar data: Synthesis of relations. J. Appl.Meteor., 39, 1341-1372.
42. Takahashi, T., 1978: Riming electrification as a charge generation mechanism in thunderstorms. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1536-1548.
43. Takahashi, and K. Miyawaki, 2002: Reexamination of riming electrification in a wind tunnel. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1018-1025.
44. Thomas, R., P. Krehbiel, W. Rison, S. Hunyady, W. Winn, T. Hamlin, and J. Harlin, 2004: Accuracy of the lightning mapping array. J. Geophys. Res., 109, D14207, doi:10.1029/2004JD004549.
45. Trapp, R. J., and C. A. Doswell III, 2000: Radar data objective analysis. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 17, 105-120.
46. Wiens, K. C., S. A. Rutledge, and S. A. Tessendorf, 2005: The 29 June 2000 supercell observed during STEPS. Part II: Lightning and charge structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 4151-4177.
47. Williams, E. R., and Coauthors, 1999: The behavior of total lightning activity in severe Florida thunderstorms. Atmos. Res., 51, 245-265.
48. Zrnic, D. S., and A. V. Ryzhkov, 1999: Polarimetry for weather surveillance radars. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 80, 389-406.