Evaluation of Plaques and Stenosis

Radiologic Clinics of North America

Volumn 48, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 729-744

  Arnoldi, Elisabeth ^a,b   Henzler, Thomas ^a,c   Bastarrika, Gorka ^a,d   Thilo, Christian ^a   Nikolaou, Konstantin ^b   Schoepf, U Joseph ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^b LUDWIG MAXIMILIANS UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NAVARRA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Coronary artery disease; Coronary CT angiography; Plaques; Stenosis

Indexed keywords

ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY; AUTOMATION; COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC ANGIOGRAPHY; COMPUTER PROGRAM; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CORONARY ARTERY OBSTRUCTION; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; HUMAN; IMAGE DISPLAY; IMAGE PROCESSING; INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND; MULTIDETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY; MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; RADIODIAGNOSIS; REVIEW; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY;

ALGORITHMS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CONTRAST MEDIA; CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; CORONARY STENOSIS; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; HUMANS; RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGE INTERPRETATION, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; TOMOGRAPHY, EMISSION-COMPUTED, SINGLE-PHOTON; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, INTERVENTIONAL;

EID: 77955544902     PISSN: 00338389     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2010.05.002     Document Type: Review

References (91)

1. Achenbach S., Ulzheimer S., Baum U., et al. Noninvasive coronary angiography by retrospectively ECG-gated multislice spiral CT. Circulation 2000, 102:2823-2828.
2. Hoffmann M.H., Shi H., Schmitz B.L., et al. Noninvasive coronary angiography with multislice computed tomography. JAMA 2005, 293:2471-2478.
3. Johnson T.R., Nikolaou K., Busch S., et al. Diagnostic accuracy of dual-source computed tomography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Invest Radiol 2007, 42:684-691.
4. Kuettner A., Beck T., Drosch T., et al. Diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive coronary imaging using 16-detector slice spiral computed tomography with 188 ms temporal resolution. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 45:123-127.
5. Ohnesorge B., Flohr T., Becker C., et al. Cardiac imaging by means of electrocardiographically gated multisection spiral CT: initial experience. Radiology 2000, 217:564-571.
6. Raff G.L., Gallagher M.J., O'Neill W.W., et al. Diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive coronary angiography using 64-slice spiral computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 46:552-557.
7. Vogl T.J., Abolmaali N.D., Diebold T., et al. Techniques for the detection of coronary atherosclerosis: multi-detector row CT coronary angiography. Radiology 2002, 223:212-220.
8. Napel S., Marks M.P., Rubin G.D., et al. CT angiography with spiral CT and maximum intensity projection. Radiology 1992, 185:607-610.
9. Becker C.R., Knez A., Leber A., et al. Detection of coronary artery stenoses with multislice helical CT angiography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2002, 26:750-755.
10. Becker C.R., Ohnesorge B.M., Schoepf U.J., et al. Current development of cardiac imaging with multidetector-row CT. Eur J Radiol 2000, 36:97-103.
11. Nieman K., Cademartiri F., Lemos P.A., et al. Reliable noninvasive coronary angiography with fast submillimeter multislice spiral computed tomography. Circulation 2002, 106:2051-2054.
12. Ropers D., Baum U., Pohle K., et al. Detection of coronary artery stenoses with thin-slice multi-detector row spiral computed tomography and multiplanar reconstruction. Circulation 2003, 107:664-666.
13. Lawler L.P., Fishman E.K. Multi-detector row CT of thoracic disease with emphasis on 3D volume rendering and CT angiography. Radiographics 2001, 21:1257-1273.
14. van Ooijen P.M., van Geuns R.J., Rensing B.J., et al. Noninvasive coronary imaging using electron beam CT: surface rendering versus volume rendering. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003, 180:223-226.
15. Arnoldi E., Gebregziabher M., Schoepf U.J., et al. Automated computer-aided stenosis detection at coronary CT angiography: initial experience. Eur Radiol 2010, 20(5):1160-1167.
16. Berman D.S., Hachamovitch R., Kiat H., et al. Incremental value of prognostic testing in patients with known or suspected ischemic heart disease: a basis for optimal utilization of exercise technetium-99m sestamibi myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995, 26:639-647.
17. Hachamovitch R., Berman D.S., Kiat H., et al. Exercise myocardial perfusion SPECT in patients without known coronary artery disease: incremental prognostic value and use in risk stratification. Circulation 1996, 93:905-914.
18. Klocke F.J., Baird M.G., Lorell B.H., et al. ACC/AHA/ASNC guidelines for the clinical use of cardiac radionuclide imaging-executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (ACC/AHA/ASNC Committee to Revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Clinical Use of Cardiac Radionuclide Imaging). J Am Coll Cardiol 2003, 42:1318-1333.
19. Klocke F.J., Baird M.G., Lorell B.H., et al. ACC/AHA/ASNC guidelines for the clinical use of cardiac radionuclide imaging-executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (ACC/AHA/ASNC Committee to Revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Clinical Use of Cardiac Radionuclide Imaging). Circulation 2003, 108:1404-1418.
20. Marcassa C., Bax J.J., Bengel F., et al. Clinical value, cost-effectiveness, and safety of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy: a position statement. Eur Heart J 2008, 29:557-563.
21. Hachamovitch R., Di Carli M.F. Nuclear cardiology will remain the " gatekeeper" over CT angiography. J Nucl Cardiol 2007, 14:634-644.
22. Gaemperli O., Schepis T., Valenta I., et al. Functionally relevant coronary artery disease: comparison of 64-section CT angiography with myocardial perfusion SPECT. Radiology 2008, 248:414-423.
23. Hacker M., Jakobs T., Hack N., et al. Sixty-four slice spiral CT angiography does not predict the functional relevance of coronary artery stenoses in patients with stable angina. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2007, 34:4-10.
24. Nicol E.D., Stirrup J., Reyes E., et al. Sixty-four-slice computed tomography coronary angiography compared with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy for the diagnosis of functionally significant coronary stenoses in patients with a low to intermediate likelihood of coronary artery disease. J Nucl Cardiol 2008, 15:311-318.
25. Gaemperli O., Schepis T., Koepfli P., et al. Accuracy of 64-slice CT angiography for the detection of functionally relevant coronary stenoses as assessed with myocardial perfusion SPECT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2007, 34:1162-1171.
26. Adams G.L., Trimble M.A., Brosnan R.B., et al. Evaluation of combined cardiac positron emission tomography and coronary computed tomography angiography for the detection of coronary artery disease. Nucl Med Commun 2008, 29:593-598.
27. Sampson U.K., Dorbala S., Limaye A., et al. Diagnostic accuracy of rubidium-82 myocardial perfusion imaging with hybrid positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the detection of coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007, 49:1052-1058.
28. Mahnken A.H., Koos R., Katoh M., et al. Assessment of myocardial viability in reperfused acute myocardial infarction using 16-slice computed tomography in comparison to magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 45:2042-2047.
29. Nikolaou K., Sanz J., Poon M., et al. Assessment of myocardial perfusion and viability from routine contrast-enhanced 16-detector-row computed tomography of the heart: preliminary results. Eur Radiol 2005, 15:864-871.
30. Ruzsics B., Lee H., Zwerner P.L., et al. Dual-energy CT of the heart for diagnosing coronary artery stenosis and myocardial ischemia-initial experience. Eur Radiol 2008, 18:2414-2424.
31. Kurata A., Mochizuki T., Koyama Y., et al. Myocardial perfusion imaging using adenosine triphosphate stress multi-slice spiral computed tomography: alternative to stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Circ J 2005, 69:550-557.
32. Ruzsics B., Lee H., Powers E.R., et al. Images in cardiovascular medicine. Myocardial ischemia diagnosed by dual-energy computed tomography: correlation with single-photon emission computed tomography. Circulation 2008, 117:1244-1245.
33. George R.T., Silva C., Cordeiro M.A., et al. Multidetector computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging during adenosine stress. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006, 48:153-160.
34. George R.T., Arbab-Zadeh A., Miller J.M., et al. Adenosine stress 64- and 256-row detector computed tomography angiography and perfusion imaging: a pilot study evaluating the transmural extent of perfusion abnormalities to predict atherosclerosis causing myocardial ischemia. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2009, 2:174-182.
35. Garcia M.J., Lessick J., Hoffmann M.H. Accuracy of 16-row multidetector computed tomography for the assessment of coronary artery stenosis. JAMA 2006, 296:403-411.
36. Nieman K., Oudkerk M., Rensing B.J., et al. Coronary angiography with multi-slice computed tomography. Lancet 2001, 357:599-603.
37. Knez A., Becker C., Ohnesorge B., et al. Noninvasive detection of coronary artery stenosis by multislice helical computed tomography. Circulation 2000, 101:E221-E222.
38. Kopp A.F., Schroeder S., Kuettner A., et al. Non-invasive coronary angiography with high resolution multidetector-row computed tomography. Results in 102 patients. Eur Heart J 2002, 23:1714-1725.
39. Hamon M., Morello R., Riddell J.W., et al. Coronary arteries: diagnostic performance of 16- versus 64-section spiral CT compared with invasive coronary angiography-meta-analysis. Radiology 2007, 245:720-731.
40. van der Zaag-Loonen H.J., Dikkers R., de Bock G.H., et al. The clinical value of a negative multi-detector computed tomographic angiography in patients suspected of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2006, 16:2748-2756.
41. Brodoefel H., Burgstahler C., Tsiflikas I., et al. Dual-source CT: effect of heart rate, heart rate variability, and calcification on image quality and diagnostic accuracy. Radiology 2008, 247:346-355.
42. Ehara M., Surmely J.F., Kawai M., et al. Diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice computed tomography for detecting angiographically significant coronary artery stenosis in an unselected consecutive patient population: comparison with conventional invasive angiography. Circ J 2006, 70:564-571.
43. Fine J.J., Hopkins C.B., Ruff N., et al. Comparison of accuracy of 64-slice cardiovascular computed tomography with coronary angiography in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 2006, 97:173-174.
44. Leber A.W., Johnson T., Becker A., et al. Diagnostic accuracy of dual-source multi-slice CT-coronary angiography in patients with an intermediate pretest likelihood for coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2007, 28:2354-2360.
45. Leschka S., Alkadhi H., Plass A., et al. Accuracy of MSCT coronary angiography with 64-slice technology: first experience. Eur Heart J 2005, 26:1482-1487.
46. Meijboom W.B., Meijs M.F., Schuijf J.D., et al. Diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice computed tomography coronary angiography: a prospective, multicenter, multivendor study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008, 52:2135-2144.
47. Mollet N.R., Cademartiri F., van Mieghem C.A., et al. High-resolution spiral computed tomography coronary angiography in patients referred for diagnostic conventional coronary angiography. Circulation 2005, 112:2318-2323.
48. Oncel D., Oncel G., Tastan A., et al. Detection of significant coronary artery stenosis with 64-section MDCT angiography. Eur J Radiol 2007, 62:394-405.
49. Ong T.K., Chin S.P., Liew C.K., et al. Accuracy of 64-row multidetector computed tomography in detecting coronary artery disease in 134 symptomatic patients: influence of calcification. Am Heart J 2006, 151:1323. e1321-6.
50. Ropers D., Rixe J., Anders K., et al. Usefulness of multidetector row spiral computed tomography with 64- x 0.6-mm collimation and 330-ms rotation for the noninvasive detection of significant coronary artery stenoses. Am J Cardiol 2006, 97:343-348.
51. Ropers U., Ropers D., Pflederer T., et al. Influence of heart rate on the diagnostic accuracy of dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007, 50:2393-2398.
52. Weustink A.C., Meijboom W.B., Mollet N.R., et al. Reliable high-speed coronary computed tomography in symptomatic patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007, 50:786-794.
53. Miller J.M., Rochitte C.E., Dewey M., et al. Diagnostic performance of coronary angiography by 64-row CT. N Engl J Med 2008, 359:2324-2336.
54. Hendel R.C., Patel M.R., Kramer C.M., et al. ACCF/ACR/SCCT/SCMR/ASNC/NASCI/SCAI/SIR 2006 appropriateness criteria for cardiac computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Quality Strategic Directions Committee Appropriateness Criteria Working Group, American College of Radiology, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, North American Society for Cardiac Imaging, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Interventional Radiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006, 48:1475-1497.
55. Boll D.T., Merkle E.M., Paulson E.K., et al. Coronary stent patency: dual-energy multidetector CT assessment in a pilot study with anthropomorphic phantom. Radiology 2008, 247:687-695.
56. Boll D.T., Merkle E.M., Paulson E.K., et al. Calcified vascular plaque specimens: assessment with cardiac dual-energy multidetector CT in anthropomorphically moving heart phantom. Radiology 2008, 249:119-126.
57. Cheruvu P.K., Finn A.V., Gardner C., et al. Frequency and distribution of thin-cap fibroatheroma and ruptured plaques in human coronary arteries: a pathologic study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007, 50:940-949.
58. Farb A., Burke A.P., Tang A.L., et al. Coronary plaque erosion without rupture into a lipid core. A frequent cause of coronary thrombosis in sudden coronary death. Circulation 1996, 93:1354-1363.
59. Hong C., Becker C.R., Huber A., et al. ECG-gated reconstructed multi-detector row CT coronary angiography: effect of varying trigger delay on image quality. Radiology 2001, 220:712-717.
60. Kopp A.F., Schroeder S., Kuettner A., et al. Coronary arteries: retrospectively ECG-gated multi-detector row CT angiography with selective optimization of the image reconstruction window. Radiology 2001, 221:683-688.
61. Becker C.R., Hong C., Knez A., et al. Optimal contrast application for cardiac 4-detector-row computed tomography. Invest Radiol 2003, 38:690-694.
62. Leber A.W., Becker A., Knez A., et al. Accuracy of 64-slice computed tomography to classify and quantify plaque volumes in the proximal coronary system: a comparative study using intravascular ultrasound. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006, 47:672-677.
63. Busch S., Johnson T.R., Nikolaou K., et al. Visual and automatic grading of coronary artery stenoses with 64-slice CT angiography in reference to invasive angiography. Eur Radiol 2007, 17:1445-1451.
64. Nissen S.E., Yock P. Intravascular ultrasound: novel pathophysiological insights and current clinical applications. Circulation 2001, 103:604-616.
65. Botnar R.M., Stuber M., Kissinger K.V., et al. Noninvasive coronary vessel wall and plaque imaging with magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation 2000, 102:2582-2587.
66. Becker C.R., Nikolaou K., Muders M., et al. Ex vivo coronary atherosclerotic plaque characterization with multi-detector-row CT. Eur Radiol 2003, 13:2094-2098.
67. Kopp A.F., Schroeder S., Baumbach A., et al. Non-invasive characterisation of coronary lesion morphology and composition by multislice CT: first results in comparison with intracoronary ultrasound. Eur Radiol 2001, 11:1607-1611.
68. Schroeder S., Kopp A.F., Baumbach A., et al. Noninvasive detection and evaluation of atherosclerotic coronary plaques with multislice computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001, 37:1430-1435.
69. Achenbach S., Moselewski F., Ropers D., et al. Detection of calcified and noncalcified coronary atherosclerotic plaque by contrast-enhanced, submillimeter multidetector spiral computed tomography: a segment-based comparison with intravascular ultrasound. Circulation 2004, 109:14-17.
70. Leber A.W., Knez A., von Ziegler F., et al. Quantification of obstructive and nonobstructive coronary lesions by 64-slice computed tomography: a comparative study with quantitative coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 46:147-154.
71. Cademartiri F., Mollet N.R., Runza G., et al. Influence of intracoronary attenuation on coronary plaque measurements using multislice computed tomography: observations in an ex vivo model of coronary computed tomography angiography. Eur Radiol 2005, 15:1426-1431.
72. Sun J., Zhang Z., Lu B., et al. Identification and quantification of coronary atherosclerotic plaques: a comparison of 64-MDCT and intravascular ultrasound. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2008, 190:748-754.
73. Galonska M., Ducke F., Kertesz-Zborilova T., et al. Characterization of atherosclerotic plaques in human coronary arteries with 16-slice multidetector row computed tomography by analysis of attenuation profiles. Acad Radiol 2008, 15:222-230.
74. Goy J.J., Kaufmann U., Hurni M., et al. 10-year follow-up of a prospective randomized trial comparing bare-metal stenting with internal mammary artery grafting for proximal, isolated de novo left anterior coronary artery stenosis the SIMA (Stenting versus Internal Mammary Artery grafting) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008, 52:815-817.
75. Hannan E.L., Wu C., Walford G., et al. Drug-eluting stents vs. coronary-artery bypass grafting in multivessel coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2008, 358:331-341.
76. Javaid A., Steinberg D.H., Buch A.N., et al. Outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents for patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. Circulation 2007, 116:I200-I206.
77. Park D.W., Yun S.C., Lee S.W., et al. Long-term mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent implantation versus coronary artery bypass surgery for the treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease. Circulation 2008, 117:2079-2086.
78. Seung K.B., Park D.W., Kim Y.H., et al. Stents versus coronary-artery bypass grafting for left main coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2008, 358:1781-1792.
79. Boden W.E., O'Rourke R.A., Teo K.K., et al. Optimal medical therapy with or without PCI for stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2007, 356:1503-1516.
80. Hueb W., Soares P.R., Gersh B.J., et al. The medicine, angioplasty, or surgery study (MASS-II): a randomized, controlled clinical trial of three therapeutic strategies for multivessel coronary artery disease: one-year results. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004, 43:1743-1751.
81. Parisi A.F., Folland E.D., Hartigan P. A comparison of angioplasty with medical therapy in the treatment of single-vessel coronary artery disease. Veterans Affairs ACME Investigators. N Engl J Med 1992, 326:10-16.
82. Pitt B., Waters D., Brown W.V., et al. Aggressive lipid-lowering therapy compared with angioplasty in stable coronary artery disease. Atorvastatin versus Revascularization Treatment Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:70-76.
83. Kereiakes D.J., Teirstein P.S., Sarembock I.J., et al. The truth and consequences of the COURAGE trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007, 50:1598-1603.
84. Tommaso C.L. One year perspective on COURAGE. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2008, 72:426-429.
85. Syre S. Bleeding stent sales. Boston Globe, July 19 2007, Available at:, Accessed May 8, 2010. http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/.
86. Min J.K., Shaw L.J., Devereux R.B., et al. Prognostic value of multidetector coronary computed tomographic angiography for prediction of all-cause mortality. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007, 50:1161-1170.
87. Pundziute G., Schuijf J.D., Jukema J.W., et al. Prognostic value of multislice computed tomography coronary angiography in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007, 49:62-70.
88. Gilard M., Le Gal G., Cornily J.C., et al. Midterm prognosis of patients with suspected coronary artery disease and normal multislice computed tomographic findings: a prospective management outcome study. Arch Intern Med 2007, 167:1686-1689.
89. Lesser J.R., Flygenring B., Knickelbine T., et al. Clinical utility of coronary CT angiography: coronary stenosis detection and prognosis in ambulatory patients. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2007, 69:64-72.
90. Min J.K., Shaw L.J., Berman D.S., et al. Costs and clinical outcomes in individuals without known coronary artery disease undergoing coronary computed tomographic angiography from an analysis of Medicare category III transaction codes. Am J Cardiol 2008, 102:672-678.
91. Schoepf U.J. CT of the heart 2004, Humana Press, Totowa (NJ).