Diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection after allogeneic stem cell transplant can be difficult and requires intensive scrutiny

Leukemia and Lymphoma

Volumn 51, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 1530-1535

  Cavattoni, Irene ^a,b   Ayuk, Francis ^a   Zander, Axel R ^a   Zabelina, Tatjana ^a   Bacher, Adelbert ^c   Cayroglu, Erdogan ^a   Knospe, Volker ^a   Illies, Till ^d   Aepfelbacher, Martin ^a   Richard, Gisbert ^a   Krger, Nicolaus ^a   Bacher, Ulrike ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

^b CENTRAL HOSPITAL OF BOLZANO   (Italy)

^c TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER HAMBURG EPPENDORF   (Germany)

Author keywords

allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT); encephalitis; prophylaxis; retinochoroiditis; Toxoplasma gondii

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; COTRIMOXAZOLE; FOLINIC ACID; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M ANTIBODY; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; PYRIMETHAMINE; STEROID; SULFADIAZINE; THYMOCYTE ANTIBODY;

ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ADULT; ALLOGENEIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; AQUEOUS HUMOR; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM CULTURE; CASE REPORT; CHORIORETINITIS; CLOSED ANGLE GLAUCOMA; DISEASE EXACERBATION; DONOR; DRUG MEGADOSE; ENCEPHALITIS; EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS; EYE BIOPSY; FEMALE; GRAFT REJECTION; HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENT; INFECTION CONTROL; INFECTION PREVENTION; LOADING DRUG DOSE; LUMBAR PUNCTURE; LYMPHOCYTIC INFILTRATION; MALE; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; MULTIPLEX POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME; PHOTOPHOBIA; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; POLYNEUROPATHY; POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; TOXOPLASMA GONDII; TOXOPLASMOSIS; VISUAL FIELD DEFECT; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT; VITRECTOMY;

ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; DNA, PROTOZOAN; FEMALE; GRAFT VS HOST DISEASE; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; HUMANS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRECURSOR CELL LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA; SURVIVAL RATE; TOXOPLASMA; TOXOPLASMOSIS; TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE COMBINATION;

EID: 77955454225     PISSN: 10428194     EISSN: 10292403     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2010.494260     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Rizzo JD, Wingard JR, Tichelli A, et al. Recommended screening and preventive practices for long-term survivors after hematopoietic cell transplantation: joint recommendations of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, and the American Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2006;12:138-151.
2. De Medeiros BC, de Medeiros CR, Werner B, et al. Disseminated toxoplasmosis after bone marrow transplantation: report of 9 cases. Transpl Infect Dis 2001;3:24-28.
3. Krüger WH, Bohlius J, Cornely OA, et al. Antimicrobial prophylaxis in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Guidelines of the infectious diseases working party (AGIHO) of the German society of haematology and oncology. Ann Oncol 2005;16:1381-1390.
4. Pagano L, Fianchi L, Mele L, et al. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with malignant haematological diseases: 10 years' experience of infection in GIMEMA centres. Br J Haematol 2002;117:370-386.
5. Daly A, McAfee S, Dey B, et al. Nonmyeloablative bone marrow transplantation: infectious complications in 65 recipients of HLA-identical and mismatched transplants. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2003;9:373-382.
6. Marras TK, Sanders K, Lipton JH, Messner HA, Conly J, Chan CK. Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after allogeneic marrow transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2002;4:66-74.
7. Vasconcelles MJ, Bernardo MV, King C, Weller EA, Antin JH. Aerosolized pentamidine as pneumocystis prophylaxis after bone marrow transplantation is inferior to other regimens and is associated with decreased survival and an increased risk of other infections. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2000;6:35-43.
8. Martino R, Bretagne S, Einsele H, et al. Early detection of Toxoplasma infection by molecular monitoring of Toxoplasma gondii in peripheral blood samples after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 2005;40:67-68.
9. Fricker-Hidalgo H, Bulabois C, Brenier-Pinchart et al. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: results of DNA detection and serological techniques. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48:e9-e15.
10. Slavin MA, Meyers JD, Remington JS, Hackman RC. Toxoplasma gondii infection in marrow transplant recipients: a 20 year experience. Bone Marrow Transplant 1994;13:549-557.
11. Martino R, Maertens J, Bretagne S, et al. Toxoplasmosis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 2000;31:1888-1894.
12. Chandrasekar PH, Momin F. Disseminated toxoplasmosis in marrow recipients: a report of three cases and a review of the literature. Bone Marrow Transplant Team. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997;19:685-689.
13. Small TN, Leung L, Stiles J, et al. Disseminated toxoplasmosis following T cell-depleted related and unrelated bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000;25: 969-973.
14. Montoya JG, Liesenfeld O. Toxoplasmosis. Lancet 2004;363: 1965-1975.
15. Matsuo Y, Takeishi S, Miyamoto T, et al. Toxoplasmosis encephalitis following severe graft-vs.-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: 17 yr experience in Fukuoka BMT group. Eur J Hematol 2007; 79:317-321.
16. Mele A, Paterson PJ, Prentice HG, Leoni P, Kibbler CC. Toxoplasmosis in bone marrow transplantation: a report of two cases and systematic review of the literature. Bone Marrow Transplant 2002;29:691-698.
17. Mueller-Mang C, Mang TG, Kalhs P, Thurnher MM. Imaging characteristics of toxoplasmosis encephalitis after bone marrow transplantation: report of two cases and review of the literature. Neuroradiology 2006;48:84-89.
18. Friedrich R, Simon HU, Müller WA, Sych FJ. Ocular toxoplasmosis: the role of cellular immune defense in the development of recurrences. Results from animal experiments. Ger J Ophthalmol 1992;1:54-57.
19. Atmaca LS, Simsek T, Batioglu F. Clinical features and prognosis in ocular toxoplasmosis. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2004; 48:386-391.
20. De Smet MD. Differential diagnosis of retinitis and choroiditis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Am J Med 1992;92:17S-21S.
21. Pleyer U, Torun N, Liesenfeld O. Ocular toxoplasmosis. Rev Ophthalmol 2007;104:603-615.
22. Bonfioli AA, Orefice F. Toxoplasmosis. Semin Ophthalmol 2005;20: 29-141.
23. Montoya JG, Parmley S, Liesenfeld O, Jaffe GJ, Remington JS. Use of the polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis. Ophthalmology 1999;106:1554-1563.
24. Westeneng AC, Rothova A, de Boer JH, de Groot-Mijnes JD. Infectious uveitis in immunocompromised patients and the diagnostic value of polymerase chain reaction and Goldmann- Witmer coefficient in aqueous analysis. Am J Ophthalmol 2007;144:781-785.
25. Dabil H, Boley ML, Schmitz TM, Van Gelder RN. Validation of a diagnostic multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for infectious posterior uveitis. Arch Ophthalmol 2001;119:1315-1322.
26. Janitschke K, Held T, Krüiger D, Schwerdtfeger R, Schlier G, Liesenfeld O. Diagnostic value of tests for Toxoplasma gondiispecific antibodies in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. Clin Lab 2003;49:239-242.
27. Kupferschmidt O, Krüger D, Held TK, Ellerbrok H, Siegert W, Janitschke K. Quantitative detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in human body fluids by TaqMan polymerase chain reaction. Clin Microbiol Infect 2001;7:120-124.
28. Derouin F, Pelloux H. Prevention of toxoplasmosis in transplant patients. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008;14:1089-1101.
29. Ionita C, Wasay M, Balos L, Bakshi R. MR imaging in toxoplasmosis encephalitis after bone marrow transplantation: paucity of enhancement despite fulminant disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2004;25:270-273.
30. Fung HB, Kirschenbaum HL. Treatment regimens for patients with toxoplasmic encephalitis. Clin Ther 1996;18: 1037-1056.
31. Roemer E, Blau IW, Basara N, et al. Toxoplasmosis, a severe complication in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: successful treatment strategies during a 5-year singlecenter experience. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32: E1-E8.
32. Schmid C, Schleuning M, Schwerdtfeger R, et al. Long-term survival in refractory acute myeloid leukemia after sequential treatment with chemotherapy and reduced-intensity conditioning for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood 2006;108:1092-1099.
33. Greven CM, Teot LA. Cytologic identification of Toxoplasma gondii from vitreous fluid. Arch Ophthalmol 1994;112:1086-1088.
34. Rothova A, de Boer JH, Ten Dam-van Loon NH, et al. Usefulness of aqueous humor analysis for the diagnosis of posterior uveitis. Ophthalmology 2008;115:306-311.
35. Contini C, Fainardi E, Cultrera R, et al. Advanced laboratory techniques for diagnosing Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis in AIDS patients: significance of intrathecal production and comparison with PCR and ECL-western blotting. J Neuroimmunol 1998;92:29-37.
36. Nicolas X, Granier H, Laborde JP, et al. Danger of malaria self-treatment. Acute neurologic toxicity of mefloquine and its combination with pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine. Presse Med 2001;30:1349-1350.
37. Al Kadi HO. Antimalarial drug toxicity: a review. Chemotherapy 2007;53:385-391.
38. Fernandez-Martin J, Leport C, Morlat P, Meyohas MC, Chauvin JP, Vilde JL. Pyrimethamine-clarithromycin combination for therapy of acute Toxoplasma encephalitis in patients with AIDS. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991;35: 2049-2052.
39. Yuh WT, Nguyen HD, Gao F, Tali ET, et al. Brain parenchymal infection in bone marrow transplantation patients: CT and MR findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1994; 162:425-430.
40. Madden RM, Pui CH, Hughes WT, Flynn PM, Leung W. Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with atovaquone in children with leukemia. Cancer 2007;109:1654-1658.
41. Rodriguez M, Fishman JA. Prevention of infection due to Pneumocystis spp. in human immunodeficiency virus-negative immunocompromised patients. Clin Microbiol Rev 2004; 17:770-782.
42. Groll AH, Ritter J, Müller FM. Guidelines for prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in children and adolescents with cancer. Klin Padiatr 2001;213:A38-A49.