Toxoplasmosis

Seminars in Ophthalmology

Volumn 20, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 129-141

  Bonfioli, Adriana A ^a   Orefice, Fernando ^b  

^a University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine   (United States)

^b FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MINAS GERAIS   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Diagnosis; Review; Therapy; Toxoplasmosis; Uveitis

Indexed keywords

AMINOTRANSFERASE; ATOVAQUONE; AZITHROMYCIN; CLINDAMYCIN; CLYNDAMICIN; CORTICOSTEROID; COTRIMOXAZOLE; FOLINIC ACID; HEXACYCLINE; MINOCYCLINE; PYRIMETHAMINE; SPIRAMYCIN; SULFADIAZINE; SULFADINE; SULFADIZINE; TETRACYCLINE; WESMYCIN;

ABDOMINAL CRAMP; ABDOMINAL PAIN; ABNORMALLY HIGH SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD; ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE; AGGRESSION; AGRANULOCYTOSIS; ALLERGIC REACTION; AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK; ANGIONEUROTIC EDEMA; ANOREXIA; ANTERIOR FONTANEL; ANTIBODY DETECTION; APLASTIC ANEMIA; ARTHRALGIA; ASEPTIC MENINGITIS; ATAXIA; BRAIN PSEUDOTUMOR; BULGING ANTERIOR FONTANEL; CHOLESTATIC HEPATITIS; CHORIORETINITIS; CHOROIDITIS; CONFUSION; CONSTIPATION; COUGHING; CRYSTALLURIA; DEPRESSION; DERMATITIS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIARRHEA; DIURESIS; DIZZINESS; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; DYSPNEA; ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA; ENTERITIS; ENTEROCOLITIS; EOSINOPHILIA; ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME; ESOPHAGITIS; EXFOLIATIVE DERMATITIS; EYE SYNECHIA; FEVER; GRANULOCYTOPENIA; HALLUCINATION; HEADACHE; HEARING IMPAIRMENT; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEMATURIA; HEMOLYSIS; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; HEPATITIS; HUMAN; HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA; HYPERKALEMIA; HYPERTROPHIC PYLORUS STENOSIS; HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPONATREMIA; HYPOTENSION; IMMUNOCOMPETENCE; INSOMNIA; INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; IRIDOCYCLITIS; JAUNDICE; KERNICTERUS; KIDNEY DISEASE; KIDNEY INFECTION; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; LEUKOKORIA; LEUKOPENIA; LIVER NECROSIS; LIVER TOXICITY; LUNG INFILTRATE; MALAISE; MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA; METHEMOGLOBINEMIA; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; MYALGIA; NAIL PIGMENTATION; NAUSEA; NEPHROTOXICITY; NEUTROPENIA; NYSTAGMUS; PANCREATITIS; PANCYTOPENIA; PAPILLITIS; PARESTHESIA; PERICARDITIS; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDER; POLYARTHRITIS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PRURITUS; PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS; QT PROLONGATION; RASH; RETINA MACULA LUTEA; RETINA NECROSIS; RETINITIS; REVIEW; SCAR FORMATION; SCLERITIS; SEIZURE; SIDE EFFECT; SKIN PIGMENTATION; SOMNOLENCE; STEVENS JOHNSON SYNDROME; STOMATITIS; STRABISMUS; SUPERINFECTION; SYNCOPE; TASTE DISORDER; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; THYROID DISEASE; TINNITUS; TONGUE DISEASE; TOOTH COLOR; TORSADE DES POINTES; TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS; TOXOPLASMA GONDII; TOXOPLASMOSIS; UREMIA; URTICARIA; UVEITIS; VISUAL ACUITY; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT; VOMITING; WHEEZING; XEROSTOMIA;

ANIMALS; ANTIBODIES, PROTOZOAN; ANTIPROTOZOAL AGENTS; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DNA, PROTOZOAN; HUMANS; TOXOPLASMA; TOXOPLASMOSIS, OCULAR; UVEITIS, POSTERIOR;

EID: 27144510538     PISSN: 08820538     EISSN: 17445205     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08820530500231961     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Orefice F, Bonfioli AA. Toxoplasmosis. In Orefice, F. Uveítis-Clínica e Cirúrgica. First Ed. Rio de Janeiro: Cultura Médica, 2000; 680-784.
2. Heller HM. Toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent hosts, www. uptodateonline.com. Up to date 2005.
3. Bosch-Driessen EH, Rothova A. Recurrent ocular disease in postnatally acquired toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol 1999; 128:421-5
4. Fernandas LC, Orefice F. Aspectos clinicos e epidemiologicos das uveites, em servicos de referencia em Belo Horizonte 1970-1993, parte I. Rev Bras Oftal 1996; 55:569-78.
5. Fernandes LC, Orefice F. Aspectos clinicos e epidemiologicos das uveites, em servicos de referencia em Belo Horizonte 1970-1993, parte II. Rev Bras Oftal 1996; 55:579-92.
6. Silveira CAM. Estudo da toxoplasmose ocular na regiao de Erechim, RS. Tese de Doutoramento-UFSP, 1997.
7. Bahia MD, Orefice F, Andrade GMQ. Analise clinica das lesoes de retinocoroidite em criancas portadoras de toxoplasmose congenita. Rev Bras Oftal 1992; 51:265-72.
8. Assis Jr. R, Araujo C, Campos WR, Freitas NA, Agostini Netto J, Orefice F. Estudo de 52 casos com lesoes ativas supostamente toxoplasmicas (biomicroscopico, morfologico, topografico, terapeutico). Rev Bras Oftal 1997; 56(8):569-85.
9. Levinson RD, Rikkers SM. Ocular toxoplasmosis. In Yanoff M, Duker JS: Ophthalmology. Second edition. Mosby 2004; 1167-71.
10. Friedmann CT, Knox DL. Variations in recurrent active toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. Arch Ophthalmol 1999; 128:413-20.
11. Doft BH, Gass DM. Punctate outer retinal toxoplasmosis. Arch Ophthalmol 1985; 103(9):1332-6.
12. Doft BH, Gass JD. Outer retinal layer toxoplasmosis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1986; 224(1):78-82.
13. Moraes HV, Jr. Punctate outer retinal toxoplasmosis in an HIV-positive child. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 1999; 7(2):93-5.
14. Bottoni F, Gonella P, Autelitano A, Orzalesi N. Diffuse necrotizing retinochoroiditis in a child with AIDS and toxoplasmic encephalitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1990; 228(1):36-9.
15. Mattheus JD, Weiter JJ. Outer retinal toxoplasmosis. Ophthalmology 1988; 95:941-6.
16. Fish RH, Hoskins JC, Kline LB. Toxoplasmic neuroretinitis. Ophthalmology 1993; 100:1177-82.
17. Moreno RJ, Weisman J, Waller S. Neuroretinitis: an unusual presentation of ocular toxoplasmosis. Ann Ophthalmol 1992; 24:68-70.
18. Smith JR, Cunningham Jr ET. Atypical presentations of ocular toxoplasmosis. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2002; 13:387-92.
19. Orefice F, Tonelli E. Toxoplasmose adquirida ganglionar associada a uveite anterior granulomatosa sem retinocoroidite. Rev Bras Oftal 1995; 54:899-902.
20. Rehder JR, Burnier Jr. MB, Pavesio CD, Kim MK, Riqueiro M, Petrilli AMNC, Belfort Jr. R. Acute unilateral toxoplasmic iridociclitis in AIDS patients. Am J Ophthalmol 1988; 106:740-1.
21. Holland GN, Muccioli C, Silveira C, Weisz JM, Belfort Jr. R, O'Connor R. Intraocular inflammation reactions without focal necrotizinh retinochoroiditis in patients with acquired systemic toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol 1999; 128:413-20.
22. Goncalves ER, Orefice F, Mendes AG, Pedroso EP. Toxoplasmose ocular adquirida tardia-Relato de tres casos simultaneos em mebros de uma mesma familia. Rev Bras Oftal 1995; 54:376-8.
23. Tandom R, Menon V, Das GK, Verma L. Toxoplasmic papilitis with central retinal artery occlusion. Can J Ophthalmol 1995; 30: 374-6.
24. Song A, Scott IU, Davis JL, Lam BL. Atypical anterior optic neuropathy caused by toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol 2002; 133: 162-4.
25. Kraushar MF, Gluck SB, Pass S. Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis presenting as serous detachment of the macula. Ann Ophthalmol 1979; 11:1513-4.
26. Silveira C, Belfort Jr. R, Nussemblat R. Unilateral pigmentary retinopathy associated with ocular toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol 1989; 107:682-4.
27. Hovakimyan A, Cunningham ET Jr. Ocular toxoplasmosis. Ophthalmol Clin North Amer 2002; 15(3):327-32.
28. Monteiro LG, Orefice F. Ciclite heterocromica de Fuchs. In Oréfice, F. Eveítes-Clínica e Cirúrgica. First Ed. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. Cultura Médica, 2000; 796-806.
29. Tokuda H, Okamura R, Kamano H. A case of brawny scleritis caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Rinsho Ganka 1970; 24:565-71.
30. Schuman JS, Weinberg RS, Ferry AP, Guerry RK. Toxoplasmic scleritis. Ophthalmology 1988; 95:1399-403.
31. Johnson MW, Greven MC, Jaffe GJ, Sudhalkar H, Vine AK. Atypical severe toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis in elderly patients. Ophthalmology 1997; 104:48-57.
32. Moshfeghi DM, Dodds EM, Couto CA, Santos CI, Nicholson DH, Lowder CY, Davis JL. Diagnostic approaches to severe atypical toxoplasmosis mimicking acute retinal necrosis. Ophthalmology 2004; 111(4):716-25.
33. Balayre S, Gomez K, Tribut A, Dore P, Gobert F. Toxoplasma gondii and necrotizing retinitis: a case report. J Fr Ophthalmol 2003; 26(8):837-41.
34. Labalette P, Delhaes L, Margaron F, et al. Ocular toxoplasmosis after the fifth decade. Am J Ophthalmol 2002; 133:506-15.
35. Cochereau-Massin I, LeHoang P, Lautier-Frau M, et al: Ocular toxoplasmosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Am J Ophthalmol 1992; 114:130-5.
36. Moorthy RS, Smith RE, Rao NA. Progressive ocular toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 1993; 115:742-7.
37. Hoerni B, Vallat M, Durand M, et al, Ocular toxoplasmosis and Hodgkin's disease: report of two cases. Arch Ophthalmol 1978; 96:62-3.
38. Yeo JH, Jakobiec FA, Iwamoto T, et al: Opportunistic toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis following chemotherapy for systemic lymphoma: a light and electron microscopic study. Ophthalmology 1983; 90:885-98.
39. Singer MA, Hagler WS, Grossniklaus HE. Toxoplasma gondii retinochoroiditis after liver transplantation. Retina 1993; 13:40-5.
40. Goldman H von, Witmer R. Antikoper im kammerwasser. Ophthalmologica 1954; 127:323-30.
41. Fawzy M, Mahmoud LA, El Gindy AE, Hegab MA, Bahgat MA. Value of estimating intraocular antibody production in diagnosis of typical and atypical lesions of ocular toxoplasmosis. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 1999;29(3):735-43.
42. Fardeau C, Romand S, Rao NA, Cassoux N, Bettembourg O, Thulliez P, Lehoang P. Diagnosis of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis with atypical clinical features. Am J Ophthalmol 2002 Aug; 134(2):196-203.
43. Garweg JG, Garweg SD, Flueckiger F, Jacquier P, Boehnke M. Aqueous humor and serum immunoblotting for immunoglobulin types G, A, M, and E in cases of human ocular toxoplasmosis. J Clin Microbiol 2004 Oct; 42(10):4593-8.
44. Meek B, Klaren VN, van Haeringen NJ, Kijlstra A, Peek R. IgA antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in human tears. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000 Aug; 41(9):2584-90.
45. Gaete MIL, Malaguenio E, Cordeiro F, Orefice F. Relacao entre IgA excretora na lagrima X IgA serica na toxoplasmose ocular com lesao ativa. Tese de Mestrado, 2003. Recife?PE-UFPE.
46. Lynch MI. Dissertacao de Mestrado defendida em junho de 2003 pela UFPE (Universidade federal de Pernambuco).
47. Santos Hercos BV, Muinos SJ, Casaroli-Marano RP. Utilidad de la ecografía en las uveítis por toxoplasmosis. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2004; 79(2):59-65.
48. Mets MB, Holfels E, Boyer KM, Swisher CN, Roizen N, Stein L, Hopkins J, Withers S, Mack D, Luciano R, Patel D, Remington JS, Meier P, McLeod R. Eye manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis. Clinical Infectious diseases 1996; 122:309-24.