Modelling fishing-induced adaptations and consequences for natural mortality

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

Volumn 67, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 1086-1097

  Jørgensen, Christian ^a,b   Fiksen, Øyvind ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

^b Uni Research   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; BODY SIZE; GROWTH RATE; HARVESTING; HUMAN ACTIVITY; LIFE HISTORY TRAIT; MORTALITY; PREDATION; REPRODUCTION; RESOURCE ALLOCATION; SURVIVAL; TRADE-OFF;

EID: 77955153952     PISSN: 0706652X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/F10-049     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Abrams, P.A., and Matsuda, H. 2005. The effect of adaptive change in the prey on the dynamics of an exploited predator population. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 62(4): 758-766. doi:10.1139/f05-051.
2. Allendorf, F.W., England, P.R., Luikart, G., Ritchie, P.A., and Ryman, N. 2008. Genetic effects of harvest on wild animal populations. Trends Ecol. Evol. 23(6): 327-337. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2008.02.008. PMID:18439706.
3. Andersen, K.H., and Beyer, J.E. 2006. Asymptotic size determines species abundance in the marine size spectrum. Am. Nat. 168(1): 54-61. doi:10.1086/504849.
4. Andersen, K.H., and Brander, K. 2009. Expected rate of fisheries-induced evolution is slow. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106(28): 11657-11660. doi:10.1073/pnas.0901690106.PMID:19564596.
5. Arnott, S.A., Chiba, S., and Conover, D.O. 2006. Evolution of intrinsic growth rate: metabolic costs drive trade-offs between growth and swimming performance in Menidia menidia. Evolution, 60(6): 1269-1278. PMID:16892976.
6. Benoît, H.P., and Swain, D.P. 2008. Impacts of environmental change and direct and indirect harvesting effects on the dynamics of a marine fish community. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 65(10): 2088-2104. doi:10.1139/F08-112.
7. Billerbeck, J.M., Lankford, T.E., Jr., and Conover, D.O. 2001. Evolution of intrinsic growth and energy acquisition rates. I. Trade-offs with swimming performance in Menidia menidia. Evolution, 55(9): 1863-1872. PMID:11681741.
8. Biro, P.A., and Post, J.R. 2008. Rapid depletion of genotypes with fast growth and bold personality traits from harvested fish populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105(8): 2919-2922. doi:10.1073/pnas.0708159105. PMID:18299567.
9. Bowen, W.D., McMillan, J., and Mohn, R. 2003. Sustained exponential population growth of grey seals at Sable Island, Nova Scotia. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 60(6): 1265-1274. doi:10.1016/S1054-3139(03)00147-4.
10. Brown, J.H., Gillooly, J.F., Allen, A.P., Savage, V.M., and West, G.B. 2004. Toward a metabolic theory of ecology. Ecology, 85(7): 1771-1789. doi:10.1890/03-9000.
11. Brown, C.J., Hobday, A.J., Ziegler, P.E., and Welsford, D.C. 2008. Darwinian fisheries science needs to consider realistic fishing pressures over evolutionary time scales. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 369: 257-266. doi:10.3354/meps07601.
12. Clapham, P.J., Young, S.B., and Brownell, R.L. 1999. Baleen whales: conservation issues and the status of the most endangered populations. Mammal Rev. 29(1): 37-62. doi:10.1046/j. 1365-2907.1999.00035.x.
13. Clark, C.W., and Levy, D.A. 1988. Diel vertical migrations by juvenile sockeye salmon and the antipredation window. Am. Nat. 131(2): 271-290. doi:10.1086/284789.
14. Clark, C.W., and Mangel, M. 2000. Dynamic state variable models in ecology. Oxford University Press, New York.
15. Creel, S., and Christianson, D. 2008. Relationships between direct predation and risk effects. Trends Ecol. Evol. 23(4): 194-201. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2007.12.004. PMID:18308423.
16. de Roos, A.M., and Persson, L. 2001. Physiologically structured models - from versatile technique to ecological theory. Oikos, 94(1): 51-71. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.11313.x.
17. Dieckmann, U., and Heino, M. 2007. Probabilistic maturation reaction norms: their history, strengths, and limitations. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 335: 253-269. doi:10.3354/meps335253.
18. Dunlop, E.S., Shuter, B.J., and Dieckmann, U. 2007. Demographic and evolutionary consequences of selective mortality: predictions from an ecogenetic model for smallmouth bass. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 136(3): 749-765. doi:10.1577/T06-126.1.
19. Dunlop, E.S., Baskett, M.L., Heino, M., and Dieckmann, U. 2009a. Propensity of marine reserves to reduce the evolutionary effects of fishing in a migratory species. Evol. Appl. 2(3): 371-393. doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2009.00089.x.
20. Dunlop, E.S., Enberg, K., Jørgensen, C., and Heino, M. 2009b. Toward Darwinian fisheries management. Evol. Appl. 2(3): 245-259. doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2009.00087.x.
21. Enberg, K., Jørgensen, C., Dunlop, E.S., Heino, M., and Dieckmann, U. 2009. Implications of fisheries-induced evolution for stock rebuilding and recovery. Evol. Appl. 2(3): 394-414. doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2009.00077.x.
22. Endler, J.A. 1987. Predation, light intensity and courtship behavior in Poecilia reticulata (Pisces, Poeciliidae). Anim. Behav. 35(5): 1376-1385. doi:10.1016/S0003-3472(87)80010-6.
23. Gårdmark, A., Dieckmann, U., and Lundberg, P. 2003. Life-history evolution in harvested populations: the role of natural predation. Evol. Ecol. Res. 5: 239-257.
24. Ghalambor, C.K., Reznick, D.N., and Walker, J.A. 2004. Constraints on adaptive evolution: the functional trade-off between reproduction and fast-start swimming performance in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Am. Nat. 164(1): 38-50. doi:10.1086/421412. PMID:15266369.
25. Grift, R.E., Rijnsdorp, A.D., Barot, S., Heino, M., and Dieckmann, U. 2003. Fisheries-induced trends in reaction norms for maturation in North Sea plaice. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 257: 247-257. doi:10.3354/meps257247.
26. Heino, M., Baulier, L., Boukal, D.S., Dunlop, E.S., Eliassen, S., Enberg, K., Jørgensen, C., and Varpe, Ø. 2008. Evolution of growth in Gulf of St. Lawrence cod? Proc. R. Soc. B, 275: 1111-1112. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1429.
27. Houston, A.I., and McNamara, J.M. 1999. Models of adaptive behaviour: an approach based on state. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
28. Hutchings, J.A. 2000. Collapse and recovery of marine fishes. Nature (London), 406(6798): 882-885. doi:10.1038/35022565. PMID:10972288.
29. Hutchings, J.A. 2005. Life history consequences of overexploitation to population recovery in Northwest Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 62(4): 824-832. doi:10.1139/f05-081.
30. Jackson, J.B.C., Kirby, M.X., Berger, W.H., Bjorndal, K.A., Botsford, L.W., Bourque, B.J., Bradbury, R.H., Cooke, R., Erlandson, J., Estes, J.A., Hughes, T.P., Kidwell, S., Lange, C.B., Lenihan, H.S., Pandolfi, J.M., Peterson, C.H., Steneck, R.S., Tegner, M.J., and Warner, R.R. 2001. Historical overfishing and the recent collapse of coastal ecosystems. Science (Washington, D.C.), 293(5530): 629-637. doi:10.1126/science.1059199. PMID:11474098.
31. Jennings, S., Kaiser, M.J., and Reynolds, J.D. 2001. Marine fisheries ecology. Blackwell Publishing, Malden, Massachusetts.
32. Jones, W., Gurney, W.S.C., Speirs, D.C., Bacon, P.J., and Youngson, A.F. 2002. Seasonal patterns of growth, expenditure and assimilation in juvenile Atlantic salmon. J. Anim. Ecol. 71(6): 916-924. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2656.2002.00679.x.
33. Jørgensen, C., Enberg, K., Dunlop, E.S., Arlinghaus, R., Boukal, D.S., Brander, K., Ernande, B., Gårdmark, A., Johnston, F., Matsumura, S., Pardoe, H., Raab, K., Silva, A., Vainikka, A., Dieckmann, U., Heino, M., and Rijnsdorp, A.D. 2007. Ecology: managing evolving fish stocks. Science (Washington, D.C.), 318(5854): 1247-1248. doi:10.1126/science.1148089. PMID: 18033868.
34. Jørgensen, C., Ernande, B., and Fiksen, Ø. 2009. Size-selective fishing gear and life history evolution in the Northeast Arctic cod. Evol. Appl. 2(3): 356-370. doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2009.00075.x.
35. Kiørboe, T. 2008. Optimal swimming strategies in mate-searching pelagic copepods. Oecologia (Berl.), 155(1): 179-192. doi:10. 1007/s00442-007-0893-x.
36. Kjesbu, O.S., Solemdal, P., Bratland, P., and Fonn, M. 1996. Variation in annual egg production in individual captive Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(3): 610-620. doi:10.1139/cjfas-53-3-610.
37. Kozlowski, J. 1991. Optimal energy allocation models - an alternative to the concepts of reproductive effort and cost of reproduction. Acta Oecol. 12: 11-33.
38. Kraak, S.B.M. 2007. Does the probabilistic maturation reaction norm approach disentangle phenotypic plasticity from genetic change? Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 335: 295-300. doi:10.3354/meps335295.
39. Lankford, T.E., Jr., Billerbeck, J.M., and Conover, D.O. 2001. Evolution of intrinsic growth and energy acquisition rates. II. Trade-offs with vulnerability to predation in Menidia menidia. Evolution, 55(9): 1873-1881. doi:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00836.x. PMID:11681742.
40. Law, R. 2007. Fisheries-induced evolution: present status and future directions. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 335: 271-277. doi:10.3354/meps335271.
41. Law, R., and Grey, D.R. 1989. Evolution of yields from populations with age-specific cropping. Evol. Ecol. 3(4): 343-359. doi:10.1007/BF02285264.
42. Lester, N.P., Shuter, B.J., and Abrams, P.A. 2004. Interpreting the von Bertalanffy model of somatic growth in fishes: the cost of reproduction. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 271(1548): 1625-1631. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2778.
43. Lima, S.L., and Dill, L.M. 1990. Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation - a review and prospectus. Can. J. Zool. 68(4): 619-640. doi:10.1139/z90-092.
44. Lochmiller, R.L., and Deerenberg, C. 2000. Trade-offs in evolutionary immunology: just what is the cost of immunity? Oikos, 88(1): 87-98. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2000.880110.x.
45. Marshall, C.T., and Browman, H.I. 2007. Introduction to theme section on disentangling the causes of maturation trends in exploited fish populations. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 335: 249-251.
46. Matsuda, H., and Abrams, P.A. 2004. Effects of predatorprey interactions and adaptive change on sustainable yield. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 61(2): 175-184. doi:10.1139/f03-147.
47. McGurk, M.D. 1986. Natural mortality of marine pelagic fish eggs and larvae - role of spatial patchiness. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 34: 227-242. doi:10.3354/meps034227.
48. Morita, K., and Fukuwaka, M.A. 2006. Does size matter most? The effect of growth history on probabilistic reaction norm for salmon maturation. Evolution, 60(7): 1516-1521. PMID:16929668.
49. Munch, S.B., and Conover, D.O. 2004. Nonlinear growth cost in Menidia menidia: theory and empirical evidence. Evolution, 58(3): 661-664. PMID:15119450.
50. Myers, R.A., Hutchings, J.A., and Barrowman, N.J. 1997. Why do fish stocks collapse? The example of cod in Atlantic Canada. Ecol. Appl. 7(1): 91-106. doi:10.1890/1051-0761(1997)007[0091:WDFSCT]2.0.CO;2.
51. Olsen, E.M., Lilly, G.R., Heino, M., Morgan, M.J., Brattey, J., and Dieckmann, U. 2005. Assessing changes in age and size at maturation in collapsing populations of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 62(4): 811-823. doi:10.1139/f05-065.
52. Pauly, D., Christensen, V., V, Dalsgaard, J., Froese, R., and Torres, F., Jr. 1998. Fishing down marine food webs. Science (Washington, D.C.), 279(5352): 860-863. doi:10.1126/science.279.5352.860. PMID:9452385.
53. Persson, L., Amundsen, P.-A., de Roos, A.M., Klemetsen, A., Knudsen, R., and Primicerio, R. 2007. Culling prey promotes predator recovery-alternative states in a whole-lakeexperiment. Science (Washington, D.C.), 316(5832): 1743-1746. doi:10.1126/science.1141412. PMID: 17588929.
54. Peterson, I., and Wroblewski, J.S. 1984. Mortality rates of fishes in the pelagic ecosystem. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41(7): 1117-1120. doi:10.1139/f84-131.
55. Petrie, B., Frank, K.T., Shackell, N.L., and Leggett, W.C. 2009. Structure and stability in exploited marine fish communities: quantifying critical transitions. Fish. Oceanogr. 18(2): 83-101. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2419.2009.00500.x.
56. Pitcher, T.J., and Parrish, J.K. 1993. Functions of shoaling behaviour in teleosts. In Behaviour of teleost fishes. Edited by T.J. Pitcher. Chapman & Hall, London, UK. pp. 363-439.
57. Quince, C., Abrams, P.A., Shuter, B.J., and Lester, N.P. 2008. Biphasic growth in fish I: theoretical foundations. J. Theor. Biol. 254(2): 197-206. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.05.029. PMID: 18606423.
58. Ricker, W.E. 1981. Changes in the average size and average age of Pacific salmon. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 38(12): 1636-1656. doi:10.1139/f81-213.
59. Rijnsdorp, A.D. 1993. Fisheries as a large-scale experiment on life-history evolution - disentangling phenotypic and genetic effects in changes in maturation and reproduction of North Sea plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L. Oecologia (Berl.), 96(3): 391-401. doi:10.1007/BF00317510.
60. Roff, D.A. 1983. An allocation model of growth and reproduction in fish. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40(9): 1395-1404. doi:10.1139/f83-161.
61. Savenkoff, C., Castonguay, M., Chabot, D., Hammill, M.O., Bourdages, H., and Morissette, L. 2007. Changes in the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence ecosystem estimated by inverse modelling: evidence of a fishery-induced regime shift? Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 73(3-4): 711-724. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2007.03.011.
62. Sharpe, D.M.T., and Hendry, A.P. 2009. Life history change in commercially exploited fish stocks: an analysis of trends across studies. Evol. Appl. 2(3): 260-275. doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2009.00080.x.
63. Sheldon, R.W., Prakash, A., and Sutcliffe, W.H., Jr. 1972. The size distribution of particles in the ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr. 17: 327-340.
64. Shelton, P.A., Sinclair, A.F., Chouinard, G.A., Mohn, R., and Duplisea, D.E. 2006. Fishing under low productivity conditions is further delaying recovery of Northwest Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 63(2): 235-238. doi:10.1139/f05-253.
65. Sinclair, A.F., Swain, D.P., and Hanson, J.M. 2002. Disentangling the effects of size-selective mortality, density, and temperature on length-at-age. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59(2): 372-382. doi:10.1139/f02-014.
66. Swain, D.P., and Chouinard, G.A. 2008. Predicted extirpation of the dominant demersal fish in a large marine ecosystem: Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 65(11): 2315-2319. doi:10.1139/F08-175.
67. Swain, D.P., Sinclair, A.F., and Hanson, J.M. 2007. Evolutionary response to size-selective mortality in an exploited fish population. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 274(1613): 1015-1022. doi:10.1098/rspb.2006.0275.
68. Swain, D.P., Sinclair, A.F., and Hanson, J.M. 2008. Evolution of growth in Gulf of St. Lawrence cod: reply to Heino et al. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 275(1639): 1113-1115. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1727.
69. Tilman, D., Hille Ris Lambers, J., Harpole, S., Dybzinski, R., Fargione, J., Clark, C., and Lehman, C. 2004. Does metabolic theory apply to community ecology? It's a matter of scale. Ecology, 85: 1797-1799.
70. Yoneda, M., and Wright, P.J. 2004. Temporal and spatial variation in reproductive investment of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in the northern North Sea and Scottish west coast. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 276: 237-248. doi:10.3354/meps276237.