Screening of Swiss hot spring resorts for potentially pathogenic free-living amoebae

Experimental Parasitology

Volumn 126, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 45-53

  Gianinazzi, Christian ^a   Schild, Marc ^a   Zumkehr, Beatrice ^a   Wüthrich, Fritz ^b   Nüesch, Irina ^c   Ryter, Regula ^c   Schürch, Nadia ^b   Gottstein, Bruno ^a   Müller, Norbert ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

^b SPIEZ LABORATORY   (Switzerland)

^c Kantonales Laboratorium des Kt Aargau   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Acanthamoeba spp.; CNS infection; Free living amoebae

Indexed keywords

ACANTHAMOEBA; ACANTHAMOEBA HEALYI; AMEBIC INFECTION; AMOEBA (GENUS); ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; ARTICLE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INFECTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOTOXICITY; ECHINAMOEBA EXUDANS; EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION; FILTRATION; HARTMANNELLA; HARTMANNELLA VERMIFORMIS; HEAT TOLERANCE; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PARASITE IDENTIFICATION; PARASITE ISOLATION; PARASITE VIRULENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; STENOAMOEBA; STRAIN IDENTIFICATION; SWITZERLAND; THERMAL SPRING; TROPHOZOITE; WATER SAMPLING;

AMEBIASIS; AMOEBOZOA; ANIMALS; BRAIN; HOT SPRINGS; HUMANS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST; LUNG; MICE; MICE, INBRED BALB C; PHYLOGENY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SWITZERLAND;

ACANTHAMOEBA; ACANTHAMOEBA HEALYI; ANIMALIA; BALAMUTHIA MANDRILLARIS; ECHINAMOEBA EXUNDANS; HARTMANNELLA VERMIFORMIS; MURINAE; MUS; NAEGLERIA FOWLERI;

EID: 77954761674     PISSN: 00144894     EISSN: 10902449     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.12.008     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Acharya N.R., Lietman T.M., Margolis T.P. Parasites on the rise: a new epidemic of Acanthamoeba keratitis. American Journal of Ophthalmology 2007, 144:292-293.
2. Baenziger S., Tussiwand R., Schlaepfer E., Mazzucchelli L., Heikenwalder M., Kurrer M.O., Behnke S., Frey J., Oxenius A., Joller H., Aguzzi A., Manz M.G., Speck R.F. Disseminated and sustained HIV infection in CD34+ cord blood cell-transplanted Rag2(-/-)gamma(c)(-/-) mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2006, 103:15951-15956.
3. Behets J., Declerck P., Delaedt Y., Verelst L., Ollevier F. Survey for the presence of specific free-living amoebae in cooling waters from Belgian power plants. Parasitology Research 2006, 100:1249-1256.
4. Bloch K.C., Schuster F.L. Inability to make a premortem diagnosis of Acanthamoeba species infection in a patient with fatal granulomatous amebic encephalitis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2005, 43:3003-3006.
5. Castellano-Sanchez A., Popp A.C., Nolte F.S., Visvesvara G.S., Thigpen M., Redei I., Somani J. Acanthamoeba castellani encephalitis following partially mismatched related donor peripheral stem cell transplantation. Transplant Infectious Disease 2003, 5:191-194.
6. Cerva L., Novak K., Culbertson C.G. An outbreak of acute, fatal amebic meningoencephalitis. American Journal of Epidemiology 1968, 88:436-444.
7. Chappell C.L., Wright J.A., Coletta M., Newsome A.L. Standardized method of measuring Acanthamoeba antibodies in sera from healthy human subjects. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 2001, 8:724-730.
8. Cogo P.E., Scagli M., Gatti S., Rossetti F., Alaggio R., Laverda A.M., Zhou L., Xiao L., Visvesvara G.S. Fatal Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis, Italy. Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal 2004, 10:1835-1837.
9. Cursons R.T., Brown T.J., Keys E.A., Gordon E.H., Leng R.H., Havill J.H., Hyne B.E. Primary amoebic meningo-encephalitis in an indoor heat-exchange swimming pool. NZ Medical Journal 1979, 90:330-331.
10. Cursons R.T., Brown T.J., Keys E.A., Moriarty K.M., Till D. Immunity to pathogenic free-living amoebae: role of humoral antibody. Infection and Immunity 1980, 29:401-407.
11. De Jonckheere J.F. Pathogenic free-living amoebae in swimming pools: survey in Belgium. Annals of Microbiology 1979, 130B:205-212.
12. De Jonckheere J.F., Michel R. Species identification and virulence of Acanthamoeba strains from human nasal mucosa. Parasitology Research 1988, 74:314-316.
13. De Jonckheere J.F. Hospital hydrotherapy pools treated with ultra violet light: bad bacteriological quality and presence of thermophilic Naegleria. Journal of Hygiene 1982, 88:205-214.
14. Gianinazzi C., Schild M., Müller N., Leib S.L., Simon F., Nuñez S., Joss P., Gottstein B. Organotypic slice cultures from rat brain tissue: a new approach for Naegleria fowleri CNS infection in vitro. Parasitology 2005, 131:797-804.
15. Gianinazzi C., Schild M., Wüthrich F., Ben Nouir N., Füchslin H.P., Schürch N., Gottstein B., Müller N. Screening Swiss water bodies for potentially pathogenic free-living amoebae. Research in Microbiology 2009, 160:367-374.
16. Gianinazzi C., Schild M., Wüthrich F., Müller N., Schürch N., Gottstein B. A potentially human-pathogenic Acanthamoeba isolate from a heated indoor swimming pool in Switzerland. Experimental Parasitology 2009, 121:180-186.
17. Goldman J.P., Blundell M.P., Lopes L., Kinnon C., Di Santo J.P., Thrasher A.J. Enhanced human cell engraftment in mice deficient in RAG2 and the common cytokine receptor gamma chain. British Journal of Haematology 1998, 103:335-342.
18. Gornik K., Kuzna-Grygiel W. Presence of virulent strains of amphizoic amoebae in swimming pools of the city of Szczecin. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2004, 11:233-236.
19. Intalapaporn P., Suankratay C., Shuangshoti S., Phantumchinda K., Keelawat S., Wilde H. Balamuthia mandrillaris meningoencephalitis: the first case in southeast Asia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2004, 70:666-669.
20. Jaffar-Bandjee M.C., Alessandri J.L., Molet B., Clouzeau J., Jacquemot L., Samperiz S., Saly J.C. Primary amebic meningoencephalitis: 1st case observed in Madagascar. Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique 2005, 98:11-13.
21. Kadlec V., Skvárová J., Cerva L., Nebáznivá D. Virulent Naegleria fowleri in indoor swimming pool. Folia Parasitologica 1980, 27:11-17.
22. Kadlec V. Different virulence of Naegleria fowleri strains isolated from a swimming pool. Folia Parasitologica 1981, 28:97-103.
23. Kang S.Y., Song K.J., Jeong S.R., Kim J.H., Park S., Kim K., Kwon M.H., Shin H.J. Role of the Nfa1 protein in pathogenic Naegleria fowleri cocultured with CHO target cells. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 2005, 12:873-876.
24. Khan N.A. Acanthamoeba: biology and increasing importance in human health. EMS Microbiology Reviews 2006, 30:564-595.
25. Khan N.A. Acanthamoeba invasion of the central nervous system. International Journal of Parasitology 2007, 37:131-138.
26. Kim J.H., Kim D., Shin H.J. Contact-independent cell death of human microglial cells due to pathogenic Naegleria fowleri trophozoites. Korean Journal of Parasitology 2008, 46:217-221.
27. Kuhlencord A., Mergerian H., Bommer W. Studies on the pathogenesis of Acanthamoeba-associated meningoencephalitis. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie 1989, 271:256-260.
28. Lekkla A., Sutthikornchai C., Bovornkitti S., Sukthana Y. Free-living ameba contamination in natural hot springs in Thailand. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 2005, 36:5-9.
29. Lorenzo-Morales J., Ortega-Rivas A., Foronda P., Martínez E., Valladares B. Isolation and identification of pathogenic Acanthamoeba strains in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain from water sources. Parasitology Research 2005, 95:273-277.
30. Marciano-Cabral F., Bradley S.G. Current research on free-living amebae causing granulomatous amebic encephalitis. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 2001, (Suppl.):3S.
31. Marciano-Cabral F., Cabral G. Acanthamoeba spp. as agents of disease in humans. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 2003, 16:273-307.
32. Martinez A.J. Infection of the central nervous system due to Acanthamoeba. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1991, 13:399-402.
33. Martinez A.J., Visvesvara G.S. Free-living, amphizoic and opportunistic amebas. Brain Pathology 1997, 7:583-598.
34. Moura H., Wallace S., Visvesvara G.S. Acanthamoeba healyi n. sp. and the isoenzyme and immunoblot profiles of Acanthamoeba spp., groups 1 and 3. Journal of Protozoology 1992, 39:573-583.
35. Oddo B.D., Ciani A.S., Vial C.P. Granulomatous amebic encephalitis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris. First case diagnosed in Chile. Revista chilena de infectología 2006, 23:232-236.
36. Page F.C. A New Key to Fresh Water and Soil Amoebae 1988, Freshwater Biological Association Scientific Publications, Cumbria, UK.
37. Pelandakis M., Pernin P. Use of multiplex PCR and PCR restriction enzyme analysis for detection and exploration of the variability in the free-living amoeba Naegleria in the environment. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2002, 68:2061-2065.
38. Rivera F., Medina F., Ramírez P., Alcocer J., Vilaclara G., Robles E. Pathogenic and free-living protozoa cultured from the nasopharyngeal and oral regions of dental patients. Environmental Research 1984, 33:428-440.
39. Rivera F., Ramírez E., Bonilla P., Calderón A., Gallegos E., Rodríguez S., Ortiz R., Zaldívar B., Ramírez P., Durán A. Pathogenic and free-living amoebae isolated from swimming pools and physiotherapy tubs in Mexico. Environmental Research 1993, 62:43-52.
40. Scaglia M., Strosselli M., Grazioli V., Gatti S., Bernuzzi A.M., de Jonckheere J.F. Isolation and identification of pathogenic Naegleria australiensis (Amoebida, Vahlkampfiidae) from a spa in northern Italy. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 1983, 46:1282-1285.
41. Schild M., Gianinazzi C., Gottstein B., Müller N. PCR-based diagnosis of Naegleria sp. infection in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded brain sections. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2007, 45:564-567.
42. Schroeder J.M., Booton G.C., Hay J., Niszl I.A., Seal D.V., Markus M.B., Fuerst P.A., Byers T.J. Use of subgenic 18S ribosomal DNA PCR and sequencing for genus and genotype identification of Acanthamoebae from humans with keratitis and from sewage sludge. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2001, 39:1903-1911.
43. Schuster F.L., Visvesvara G.S. Free-living amoebae as opportunistic and non-opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals. International Journal for Parasitology 2004, 34:1001-1027.
44. Schuster F.L., Visvesvara G.S. Opportunistic amoebae: challenges in prophylaxis and treatment. Drug Resistance Updates 2004, 7:41-51.
45. Sissons J., Alsam S., Goldsworthy G., Lightfoot M., Jarroll E.L., Khan N.A. Identification and properties of proteases from Acanthamoeba isolate capable of producing granulomatous encephalitis. BMC Microbiology 2006, 6:42-49.
46. Tavares M., Correia da Costa J.M., Carpenter S.S., Santos L.A., Afonso C., Aguiar A., Pereira J., Cardoso A.I., Schuster F.L., Yagi S., Sriram R., Visvesvara G.S. Diagnosis of first case of Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis in Portugal by immunofluorescence and PCR. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2006, 44:2660-2663.
47. Tsvetkova N., Schild M., Panaiotov S., Kurdova-Mintcheva R., Gottstein B., Walochnik J., Aspöck H., Lucas M.S., Müller N. The identification of free-living environmental isolates of amoebae from Bulgaria. Parasitology Research 2004, 92:405-413.
48. Uschuplich V., Mileusnic D., Johnson M. Pathologic quiz case. Progressive fatal encephalopathy in an immunosuppressed patient with a history of discoid lupus erythematosus. Subacute granulomatous meningoencephalitis (Acanthamoeba culbertsoni). Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2004, 128:109-111.
49. Visvesvara G.S., Moura H., Schuster F.L. Pathogenic and opportunistic free-living amoebae: Acanthamoeba spp., Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia diploidea. FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology 2007, 50:1-26.
50. Walia R., Montoya J.G., Visvesvera G.S., Booton G.C., Doyle R.L. A case of successful treatment of cutaneous Acanthamoeba infection in a lung transplant recipient. Transplant Infectious Disease 2007, 9:51-54.
51. Willaert E., Stevens A.R., Healy G.R. Retrospective identification of Acanthamoeba culbertsoni in a case of amoebic meningoencephalitis. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1978, 31:717-720.
52. Walochnik J., Aspöck H. Diagnostics of infections with free-living amoebae (FLA) 2005. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 2005, 29:446-456.