Psychological distance and priming: When do semantic primes impact social evaluations?

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Volumn 36, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 975-985

  Henderson, Marlone D ^a   Wakslak, Cheryl J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Assimilation; Construal; Distance; Evaluation; Priming

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTITUDE; COGNITION; DECISION MAKING; EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMPULSIVENESS; MALE; PERCEPTION; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SEMANTICS; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL DISTANCE; PSYCHOLOGY;

ATTITUDE; COGNITION; EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMPULSIVE BEHAVIOR; JUDGMENT; MALE; SEMANTICS; SOCIAL DISTANCE; SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION; SOCIAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 77953923287     PISSN: 01461672     EISSN: 15527433     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0146167210367490     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Carey, B. (2007, July). Who's minding the mind? New York Times, Science Desk, p. 1.
2. DeCoster, J., & Claypool, H.M. (2004). A meta-analysis of priming effects on impression formation supporting a general model of informational biases. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8, 2-27.
3. Dijksterhuis, A., & Knippenberg, A. (2000). Behavioral indecision: Effects of self-focus on automatic behavior. Social Cognition, 18(1), 55-74.
4. Dijksterhuis, A., Spears, R., Postmes, T., Stapel, D., Koomen, W., Knippenberg, A., & Scheepers, D. (1998). Seeing one thing and doing another: Contrast effects in automatic behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 862-871.
5. Förster, J., Friedman, R., & Liberman, N. (2004). Temporal construal effects on abstract and concrete thinking: Consequences for insight and creative cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 177-189.
6. Förster, J., & Liberman, N. (2007). Knowledge activation. In E. T. Higgins & A. W. Kruglanski (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (2nd ed., pp. 201-231). New York, NY: Guilford.
7. Förster, J., Liberman, N., & Kuschel, S. (2008). The effect of global versus local processing styles on assimilation versus contrast in social judgment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94, 579-599.
8. Fujita, K., Eyal, T., Chaiken, S., Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2008). Influencing attitudes toward near and distant objects. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 562-572.
9. Fujita, K., Henderson, M.D., Eng, J., Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2006). Spatial distance and mental construal of social events. Psychological Science, 17, 278-282.
10. Galinsky, A., Wang, C., & Ku, G. (2008). Perspective-takers behave more stereotypically. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 404-419.
11. Gladwell, M. (2005). Blink: The power of thinking without thinking. New York, NY: Little, Brown.
12. Henderson, M.D. (2009). Psychological distance and group judgments: The effect of physical distance on beliefs about common goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35, 1330-1341.
13. Henderson, M.D., de Liver, Y., & Gollwitzer, P. (2008). The effects of an implemental mind-set on attitude strength. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94, 396-411.
14. Henderson, M.D., Fujita, K., Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2006). Transcending the here: The effect of spatial distance on social judgment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 845-856.
15. Henderson, M., Trope, Y., & Carnevale, P. (2006). Negotiation from a near and distant time perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 712-729.
16. Herr, P.M., Sherman, S.J., & Fazio, R.H. (1983). On the consequences of priming: Assimilation and contrast effects. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 19, 323-340.
17. Higgins, E. (1996). Knowledge activation: Accessibility, applicability, and salience. In E. T. Higgins & A. W. Kruglanski (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (pp. 133-168). New York, NY: Guilford.
18. Higgins, E.T., Rholes, W.S., & Jones, C.R. (1977). Category accessibility and impression formation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 13, 141-154.
19. Hinojosa, J., Carretié, L., Méndez-Bértolo, C., Míguez, A., & Pozo, M. (2009). Arousal contributions to affective priming: Electrophysiological correlates. Emotion, 9, 164-171.
20. Kawakami, K., Dovidio, J., & Dijksterhuis, A. (2003). Effect of social category priming on personal attitudes. Psychological Science, 14, 315-319.
21. Kay, A.C., Wheeler, S.C., Bargh, J.A., & Ross, L. (2004). Material priming: The influence of mundane physical objects on situational construal and competitive behavioral choice. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 95, 83-96.
22. Kay, A., Wheeler, S., & Smeesters, D. (2008). The situated person: Effects of construct accessibility on situation construals and interpersonal perception. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 275-291.
23. Kross, E., & Ayduk, O. (2008). Facilitating adaptive emotional analysis: Distinguishing distanced-analysis of depressive experiences from immersed-analysis and distraction. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 924-938.
24. Laran, J., Janiszewski, C., & Cunha, M. (2008). Context-dependent effects of goal primes. Journal of Consumer Research, 35, 653-667.
25. LeBoeuf, R., & Estes, Z. (2004). Fortunately, I'm no Einstein: Comparison relevance as a determinant of behavioral assimilation and contrast. Social Cognition, 22(6), 607-636.
26. Ledgerwood, A., & Trope, Y. (2010). Attitudes as global and local action guides. In J. Forgas, J. Cooper, & W. Crano (Eds.), The 12th annual Sydney symposium of social psychology: The psychology of attitudes and attitude change. New York: Psychology Press.
27. Libby, L., Shaeffer, E., & Eibach, R. (2009). Seeing meaning in action: A bidirectional link between visual perspective and action identification level. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138, 503-516.
28. Liberman, N., & Förster, J. (2008). The effect of psychological distance on perceptual level of construal. Cognitive Science, 33, 1330-1341.
29. Liberman, N., Förster, J., & Higgins, E. (2007). Completed vs. interrupted priming: Reduced accessibility from post-fulfillment inhibition. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 258-264.
30. Liberman, N., Sagristano, M., & Trope, Y. (2002). The effect of temporal distance on level of mental construal. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 523-534.
31. Liberman, N., & Trope, Y. (1998). The role of feasibility and desirability considerations in near and distant future decisions: A test of temporal construal theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(1), 5-18.
32. Liberman, N., Trope, Y., & Stephan, E. (2007). Psychological distance. In E. T. Higgins & A. W. Kruglanski (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (2nd ed., pp. 353-381). New York, NY: Guilford.
33. Liviatan, I., Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2008). Interpersonal similarity as a social distance dimension: Implications for perception of others' actions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 1256-1269.
34. Maio, G., Bell, D., & Esses, V. (1996). Ambivalence in persuasion: The processing of messages about immigrant groups. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 32, 513-536.
35. Martin, L.L. (1986). Set/reset: Use and disuse of concepts in impression formation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 493-504.
36. Mussweiler, T., & Damisch, L. (2008). Going back to Donald: How comparisons shape judgmental priming effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 1295-1315.
37. Mussweiler, T., & Neumann, R. (2000). Sources of mental contamination: Comparing the effects of self-generated versus externally provided primes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 36, 194-206.
38. Nelson, L., & Norton, M. (2005). From student to superhero: Situational primes shape future helping. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 41, 423-430.
39. Petty, R.E., DeMarree, K.G., Briñol, P., Horcajo, J., & Strathman, A.J. (2008). Need for cognition can magnify or attenuate priming effects in social judgment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 900-912.
40. Rim, S., Uleman, J., & Trope, Y. (2009). Spontaneous trait inference and construal level theory: Psychological distance increases nonconscious trait thinking. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 1088-1097.
41. Schwarz, N., & Clore, G. (1983). Mood, misattribution, and judgments of well-being: Informative and directive functions of affective states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 513-523.
42. Smeesters, D., Warlop, L., Van Avermaet, E., Corneille, O., & Yzerbyt, V. (2003). Do not prime hawks with doves: The interplay of construct activation and consistency of social value orientation on cooperative behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 972-987.
43. Smith, P., & Trope, Y. (2006). You focus on the forest when you're in charge of the trees: Power priming and abstract information processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 578-596.
44. Srull, T., & Wyer, R. (1979). The role of category accessibility in the interpretation of information about persons: Some determinants and implications. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1660-1672.
45. Stapel, D.A., Koomen, W., & van der Pligt, J. (1997). Categories of category accessibility: The impact of trait concept versus exemplar priming on person judgments. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 33, 47-76.
46. Tierney, J. (2009, May). Message in what we buy, but nobody's listening. New York Times, Science Desk, p. 1.
47. Todorov, A., Goren, A., & Trope, Y. (2007). Probability as a psychological distance: Construal and preference. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 473-482.
48. Wakslak, C., Nussbaum, S., Liberman, N., & Trope, Y. (2008). Representations of the self in the near and distant future. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 757-773.
49. Wakslak, C.J., Trope, Y., Liberman, N., & Alony, R. (2006). Seeing the forest when entry is unlikely: Probability and the mental representation of events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 135, 641-653.
50. Wheeler, S.C., DeMarree, K.G., & Petty, R.E. (2007). Understanding the role of the self in prime to behavior effects: The active self account. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 11, 234-261.
51. Wheeler, S., Jarvis, W., & Petty, R. (2001). Think unto others: The self-destructive impact of negative racial stereotypes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 37, 173-180.