메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 337-361

Pharmacologic treatment of PTSD

Author keywords

Antiadrenergic; anticonvulsant; antipsychotic; benzodiazepine; pharmacologic; PTSD; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Indexed keywords


EID: 77953659140     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-329-9_16     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (14)

References (111)
  • 2
    • 0031802208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep disturbances in the vietnam generation: Findings from a nationally representative sample of male vietnam veterans
    • Neylan, T. C., Marmar, C. R., Metzler, T. J., Weiss, D. S., Zatzick, D. F., Delucchi, K. L., et al. (1998) Sleep disturbances in the Vietnam generation: findings from a nationally representative sample of male Vietnam veterans. Am J Psychiatry 155 : 929-33.
    • (1998) Am J Psychiatry , vol.155 , pp. 929-933
    • Neylan, T.C.1    Marmar, C.R.2    Metzler, T.J.3    Weiss, D.S.4    Zatzick, D.F.5    Delucchi, K.L.6
  • 3
    • 0026033672 scopus 로고
    • Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder in an urban population of young adults
    • Breslau, N., Davis, G. C., Andreski, P., and Peterson, E. (1991) Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder in an urban population of young adults. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48 : 216-22.
    • (1991) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 216-222
    • Breslau, N.1    Davis, G.C.2    Andreski, P.3    Peterson, E.4
  • 6
    • 4243140108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VA (Veterans Affairs), DoD (Department of Defense), Management of Post-Traumatic Stress Working Group, Version 1.0. Washington, DC : Department of Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense
    • VA (Veterans Affairs), DoD (Department of Defense), Management of Post-Traumatic Stress Working Group. (2004) VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Posttraumatic stress. Version 1.0. Washington, DC : Department of Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense.
    • (2004) VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Posttraumatic Stress
  • 7
    • 34249698975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, double-blind comparison of sertraline and placebo for posttraumatic stress disorder in a Department of Veterans Affairs Setting
    • Friedman, M. J., Marmar, C. R., Baker, D. G., Sikes, C. R., and Farfel, G. M. (2007) Randomized, double-blind comparison of sertraline and placebo for posttraumatic stress disorder in a Department of Veterans Affairs Setting. J Clin Psychiatry 68 : 711-20.
    • (2007) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 711-720
    • Friedman, M.J.1    Marmar, C.R.2    Baker, D.G.3    Sikes, C.R.4    Farfel, G.M.5
  • 8
    • 46749108941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacotherapy of PTSD in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs: Diagnostic-and symptom-guided drug selection
    • Mohamed, S., and Rosenheck, R. (2008) Pharmacotherapy of PTSD in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs: diagnostic-and symptom-guided drug selection. J Clin Psychiatry 69 : 959-65.
    • (2008) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.69 , pp. 959-965
    • Mohamed, S.1    Rosenheck, R.2
  • 10
    • 0021885055 scopus 로고
    • Stress and brain noradrenaline: A review
    • Glavin, G. B. (1985) Stress and brain noradrenaline: a review. Behav Neurosci Rev 9 : 233-43.
    • (1985) Behav Neurosci Rev , vol.9 , pp. 233-243
    • Glavin, G.B.1
  • 11
    • 0026658930 scopus 로고
    • Urinary catecholamine excretion and severity of PTSD symptoms in Vietnam combat veterans
    • Yehuda, R., Southwick, S., Giller, E. L., Ma, X., and Mason, J. W. (1992) Urinary catecholamine excretion and severity of PTSD symptoms in Vietnam combat veterans. J Nerv Ment Dis 180 : 321-25.
    • (1992) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.180 , pp. 321-325
    • Yehuda, R.1    Southwick, S.2    Giller, E.L.3    Ma, X.4    Mason, J.W.5
  • 13
    • 0032982625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine and psychophysiologic responses in PTSD: A symptom provocation study
    • Liberzon, I., Abelson, J. L., Flagel, S. B., Raz, J., and Young, E. A. (1999) Neuroendocrine and psychophysiologic responses in PTSD: a symptom provocation study. Neuropsychopharmacology 21 : 40-50.
    • (1999) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.21 , pp. 40-50
    • Liberzon, I.1    Abelson, J.L.2    Flagel, S.B.3    Raz, J.4    Young, E.A.5
  • 14
    • 0029119857 scopus 로고
    • Nocturnal/ daytime urine noradrenergic measures and sleep in combat-related PTSD
    • Mellman, T. A., Kumar, A., Kulick-Bell, R., Kumar, M., and Nolan, R. (1995) Nocturnal/ daytime urine noradrenergic measures and sleep in combat-related PTSD. Biol Psychiatry 38 : 174-79.
    • (1995) Biol Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 174-179
    • Mellman, T.A.1    Kumar, A.2    Kulick-Bell, R.3    Kumar, M.4    Nolan, R.5
  • 15
    • 0025332302 scopus 로고
    • Autonomic responses to stress in Vietnam combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • McFall, M. E., Murburg, M. M., Ko, G. N., and Veith, R. C. (1990) Autonomic responses to stress in Vietnam combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 27 : 1165-75.
    • (1990) Biol Psychiatry , vol.27 , pp. 1165-1175
    • McFall, M.E.1    Murburg, M.M.2    Ko, G.N.3    Veith, R.C.4
  • 16
    • 0023475108 scopus 로고
    • Psychophysiologic assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam combat veterans
    • Pitman, R. K., Orr, S. P., Forgue, D. F., deJong, J. B., and Claiborn, J. M. (1987) Psychophysiologic assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam combat veterans. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44 : 970-75.
    • (1987) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 970-975
    • Pitman, R.K.1    Orr, S.P.2    Forgue, D.F.3    Dejong, J.B.4    Claiborn, J.M.5
  • 19
    • 0034559402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory sleep correlates of nightmare complaint in PTSD inpatients
    • Woodward, S. H., Arsenault, N. J., Murray, C., and Bliwise, D. L. (2000) Laboratory sleep correlates of nightmare complaint in PTSD inpatients. Biol Psychiatry 48 : 1081-87.
    • (2000) Biol Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 1081-1087
    • Woodward, S.H.1    Arsenault, N.J.2    Murray, C.3    Bliwise, D.L.4
  • 20
    • 0036738006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of norepinephrine in the regulation of rapid eye movement sleep
    • Mallick, B. N., Majumdar, S., Faisal, M., Yadav, V., Madan, V., and Pal, D. (2002) Role of norepinephrine in the regulation of rapid eye movement sleep. J Biosci 27 : 539-51.
    • (2002) J Biosci , vol.27 , pp. 539-551
    • Mallick, B.N.1    Majumdar, S.2    Faisal, M.3    Yadav, V.4    Madan, V.5    Pal, D.6
  • 22
    • 0033232472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticotropin-releasing factor, norepinephrine, and stress
    • Koob, G. F. (1999) Corticotropin-releasing factor, norepinephrine, and stress. Biol Psychiatry 46 : 1167-80.
    • (1999) Biol Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1167-1180
    • Koob, G.F.1
  • 23
    • 0033232469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for norepinephrine in stress-induced cognitive deficits: Alpha-1 adrenoreceptor mediations in the prefrontal cortex
    • Birnbaum, S., Gobeske, K. T., Auerbach, J., Taylor, J. R., and Arnsten, A. F. (1999) A role for norepinephrine in stress-induced cognitive deficits: alpha-1 adrenoreceptor mediations in the prefrontal cortex. Biol Psychiatry 46 : 1266-74.
    • (1999) Biol Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1266-1274
    • Birnbaum, S.1    Gobeske, K.T.2    Auerbach, J.3    Taylor, J.R.4    Arnsten, A.F.5
  • 25
    • 0037349112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • β-Blockers for heart failure: Why, which, when, and where
    • Cleland, J. G. (2003) β-Blockers for heart failure: why, which, when, and where. Med Clin North Am 87 : 339-71.
    • (2003) Med Clin North Am , vol.87 , pp. 339-371
    • Cleland, J.G.1
  • 26
    • 0032926598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α-Adrenoreceptor antagonists in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia
    • Cooper, K. L., McKiernan, J. M., and Kaplan, S. A. (1999) α-Adrenoreceptor antagonists in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Drugs 57 : 9-17.
    • (1999) Drugs , vol.57 , pp. 9-17
    • Cooper, K.L.1    McKiernan, J.M.2    Kaplan, S.A.3
  • 27
    • 0029777474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central hypotensive effects of the α 2A-adrenergic receptor subtype
    • MacMillan, L. B., Hein, L., Smith, M. S., Piascik, M. T., and Limbird, L. E. (1996) Central hypotensive effects of the α 2A-adrenergic receptor subtype. Science 273 : 801-3.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 801-803
    • Macmillan, L.B.1    Hein, L.2    Smith, M.S.3    Piascik, M.T.4    Limbird, L.E.5
  • 28
    • 0024425446 scopus 로고
    • Clonidine in Cambodian patients with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Kinzie, J. D., and Leung, P. (1989) Clonidine in Cambodian patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 177 : 546-50.
    • (1989) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.177 , pp. 546-550
    • Kinzie, J.D.1    Leung, P.2
  • 29
    • 0002986394 scopus 로고
    • Propranolol and clonidine in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders of war
    • van der Kolk, B. A., ed, Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Press
    • Kolb, L. C., Burris, B. C., and Griffiths, S. (1984) Propranolol and clonidine in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders of war. In: van der Kolk, B. A., ed., Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Psychological and Biological Sequelae. Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Press, pp. 98-105.
    • (1984) Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Psychological and Biological Sequelae , pp. 98-105
    • Kolb, L.C.1    Burris, B.C.2    Griffiths, S.3
  • 30
    • 84934727925 scopus 로고
    • The polysomnographic effects of clonidine on sleep disorders in posttraumatic stress disorders: A pilot study with Cambodian patients
    • Kinzie, J. D., Sacks, R. L., and Riley, C. M. (1994) The polysomnographic effects of clonidine on sleep disorders in posttraumatic stress disorders: a pilot study with Cambodian patients. J Nerv Ment Dis 182 : 585-87.
    • (1994) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.182 , pp. 585-587
    • Kinzie, J.D.1    Sacks, R.L.2    Riley, C.M.3
  • 33
    • 54949089877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A placebo-controlled trial of guanfacine for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in veterans
    • Davis, L. L., Ward, C., Rasmusson, A., Newell, J. M., Frazier, E., and Southwick, S. M. (2008) A placebo-controlled trial of guanfacine for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in veterans. Psychopharm Bull 41 : 8-18.
    • (2008) Psychopharm Bull , vol.41 , pp. 8-18
    • Davis, L.L.1    Ward, C.2    Rasmusson, A.3    Newell, J.M.4    Frazier, E.5    Southwick, S.M.6
  • 34
    • 56349143266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical Economics Company, 62nd ed. Montvale, NJ : Medical Economics
    • Medical Economics Company. (2008) Physicians Desk Reference. 62nd ed. Montvale, NJ : Medical Economics.
    • (2008) Physicians Desk Reference
  • 36
    • 38049049257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacotherapy to prevent PTSD: Results from a randomized controlled proof-of-concept trial in physically injured patients
    • Stein, M. B., Kerridge, C., Dimsdale, J. E., and Hoyt, D. B. (2007) Pharmacotherapy to prevent PTSD: results from a randomized controlled proof-of-concept trial in physically injured patients. J Trauma Stress 20 : 923-32.
    • (2007) J Trauma Stress , vol.20 , pp. 923-932
    • Stein, M.B.1    Kerridge, C.2    Dimsdale, J.E.3    Hoyt, D.B.4
  • 37
    • 0019415337 scopus 로고
    • Prazosin selectively antagonizes neuronal responses mediated by alpha-1 adrenoreceptors in brain
    • Menkes, D. B., Baraban, J. M., and Aghajanian, G. K. (1981) Prazosin selectively antagonizes neuronal responses mediated by alpha-1 adrenoreceptors in brain. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 317 : 273-75.
    • (1981) Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol , vol.317 , pp. 273-275
    • Menkes, D.B.1    Baraban, J.M.2    Aghajanian, G.K.3
  • 38
    • 0037067043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulatory effects of norepinephrine in the lateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis on behavioral and neuroendocrine response to acute stress
    • Cecchi, M., Khoshbouei, H., Javors, M., and Morilak, D. A. (2002) Modulatory effects of norepinephrine in the lateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis on behavioral and neuroendocrine response to acute stress. Neuroscience 112 : 13-21.
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.112 , pp. 13-21
    • Cecchi, M.1    Khoshbouei, H.2    Javors, M.3    Morilak, D.A.4
  • 41
    • 0003412410 scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Health Education and Welfare. Publication (ADM) 76-338 NIMH
    • Guy, W. (1976) Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology. Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Publication (ADM) 76-338 NIMH, pp. 218-22.
    • (1976) Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology , pp. 218-222
    • Guy, W.1
  • 43
    • 39449113662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prazosin effects on sleep measures and clinical symptoms in civilian trauma posttraumatic stress disorder: A placebo-controlled study
    • Taylor, F. B., Martin, P., Thompson, C., Williams, J., Mellman, T. A., Gross, C., Peskind, E. R., and Raskind, M. A. (2008) Prazosin effects on sleep measures and clinical symptoms in civilian trauma posttraumatic stress disorder: a placebo-controlled study. Biol Psychiatry 63 : 629-32.
    • (2008) Biol Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 629-632
    • Taylor, F.B.1    Martin, P.2    Thompson, C.3    Williams, J.4    Mellman, T.A.5    Gross, C.6    Peskind, E.R.7    Raskind, M.A.8
  • 44
    • 1942455908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart rate variability during sleep and the early development of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Mellman, T. A., Knorr, B. R., Pigeon, W. R., Leiter, J. C., and Akay, M. (2004) Heart rate variability during sleep and the early development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 55 : 953-56.
    • (2004) Biol Psychiatry , vol.55 , pp. 953-956
    • Mellman, T.A.1    Knorr, B.R.2    Pigeon, W.R.3    Leiter, J.C.4    Akay, M.5
  • 47
    • 0842348094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus development conference on antipsychotic drugs and obesity in diabetes
    • American Diabetes Association.
    • American Diabetes Association. (2004) Consensus development conference on antipsychotic drugs and obesity in diabetes. Diabetes Care 27 : 596-601.
    • (2004) Diabetes Care , vol.27 , pp. 596-601
  • 48
    • 58849163664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The α 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, prazosin, reduces alcohol drinking in alcoholpreferring (P) rats
    • In press
    • Rasmussen, D.A., Alexander, L.L., Raskind, M.A., and Froehlich, J.C. (Submitted). The α 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, prazosin, reduces alcohol drinking in alcoholpreferring (P) rats. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res (In press).
    • Alcoholism Clin Exp Res
    • Rasmussen, D.A.1    Alexander, L.L.2    Raskind, M.A.3    Froehlich, J.C.4
  • 49
    • 40749126694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of α 1-noradrenergic receptor antagonism on dependence-induced increases in responding for ethanol
    • Walker, B. M., Rasmussen, D. D., Raskind, M. A., and Koob, G. F. (2008) The effects of α 1-noradrenergic receptor antagonism on dependence-induced increases in responding for ethanol. Alcohol 42 : 91-97.
    • (2008) Alcohol , vol.42 , pp. 91-97
    • Walker, B.M.1    Rasmussen, D.D.2    Raskind, M.A.3    Koob, G.F.4
  • 51
    • 0037742375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valproate: A reappraisal of its pharmacodynamic properties and mechanism of action
    • Loscher, W. (1999) Valproate: a reappraisal of its pharmacodynamic properties and mechanism of action. Prog Neurobiol 58 : 31-59.
    • (1999) Prog Neurobiol , vol.58 , pp. 31-59
    • Loscher, W.1
  • 52
    • 28844461167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The selective GABA reuptake inhibitor tiagabine for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: Results of a placebo-controlled study
    • Pollack, M. H., Roy-Byrne, P. P., Van Ameringen, M., et al. (2005) The selective GABA reuptake inhibitor tiagabine for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: results of a placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry 66 : 1401-8.
    • (2005) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 1401-1408
    • Pollack, M.H.1    Roy-Byrne, P.P.2    Van Ameringen, M.3
  • 53
    • 0036171793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two new actions of topiramate: Inhibition of depolarizing GABA(A)-mediated responses and activation of a potassium conductance
    • Herrero, A. I., Olmo, N., Gonzales-Escalada, J. R., et al. (2002) Two new actions of topiramate: inhibition of depolarizing GABA(A)-mediated responses and activation of a potassium conductance. Neuropharmacology 42 : 210-20.
    • (2002) Neuropharmacology , vol.42 , pp. 210-220
    • Herrero, A.I.1    Olmo, N.2    Gonzales-Escalada, J.R.3
  • 55
    • 0033932223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased benzodiazepine receptor binding in prefrontal cortex in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Bremner, J. D., Innis, R. B., Southwick, S. M., Staib, L., Zoghbi, S., and Charney, D. S. (2000) Decreased benzodiazepine receptor binding in prefrontal cortex in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry 157 : 1120-26.
    • (2000) Am J Psychiatry , vol.157 , pp. 1120-1126
    • Bremner, J.D.1    Innis, R.B.2    Southwick, S.M.3    Staib, L.4    Zoghbi, S.5    Charney, D.S.6
  • 57
    • 3042522758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central type benzodiazepine receptors in Gulf War veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Fujita, M., Southwick, S. M., Denucci, C. C., Zoghbi, S. S., Dillon, M. S., Baldwin, R. M., et al. (2004) Central type benzodiazepine receptors in Gulf War veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 56 : 95-100.
    • (2004) Biol Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 95-100
    • Fujita, M.1    Southwick, S.M.2    Denucci, C.C.3    Zoghbi, S.S.4    Dillon, M.S.5    Baldwin, R.M.6
  • 59
    • 38349128467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divalproex in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: A randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial in a veteran population
    • Davis, L. L., Davidson, J. R. T., Ward, C., Bartolucci, A., Bowden, C. L., and Petty, F. (2008) Divalproex in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial in a veteran population. J Clin Psychopharmacol 28 : 84-88.
    • (2008) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.28 , pp. 84-88
    • Davis, L.L.1    Davidson, J.R.T.2    Ward, C.3    Bartolucci, A.4    Bowden, C.L.5    Petty, F.6
  • 60
    • 33846229999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy and tolerability of tiagabine in adult patients with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Davidson, J. R. T., Brady, K., Mellman, T. A., Stein, M. B., and Pollack, M. H. (2007) The efficacy and tolerability of tiagabine in adult patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 27 : 85-88.
    • (2007) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.27 , pp. 85-88
    • Davidson, J.R.T.1    Brady, K.2    Mellman, T.A.3    Stein, M.B.4    Pollack, M.H.5
  • 61
    • 33847679030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of topiramate monotherapy in civilian posttraumatic stress disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Tucker, P., Trautman, R. P., Wyatt, D. B., Thompson, J., Wu, S.-C., Capece, J. A., and Rosenthal, N. R. (2007) Efficacy and safety of topiramate monotherapy in civilian posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry 68 : 201-6.
    • (2007) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 201-206
    • Tucker, P.1    Trautman, R.P.2    Wyatt, D.B.3    Thompson, J.4    Wu, S.-C.5    Capece, J.A.6    Rosenthal, N.R.7
  • 62
    • 0032907899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychotic symptoms in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Davis, D., Kutcher, G. S., Jackson, E. I., and Mellman, T. A. (1999) Psychotic symptoms in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 60 : 29-32.
    • (1999) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.60 , pp. 29-32
    • Davis, D.1    Kutcher, G.S.2    Jackson, E.I.3    Mellman, T.A.4
  • 64
    • 0036789143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjunctive olanzapine for SSRIresistant combat-related PTSD: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Stein, M. B., Kline, N. A., and Matloff, J. L. (2002) Adjunctive olanzapine for SSRIresistant combat-related PTSD: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Am J Psychiatry 159 : 1777-79.
    • (2002) Am J Psychiatry , vol.159 , pp. 1777-1779
    • Stein, M.B.1    Kline, N.A.2    Matloff, J.L.3
  • 65
    • 0037239124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjunctive risperidone treatment in posttraumatic stress disorder: A preliminary controlled trial in effects on comorbid psychotic symptoms
    • Hamner, M. B., Faldowski, R. A., Ulmer, H. G., Frueh, B. C., Huber, M. G., and Arana, G. W. (2003). Adjunctive risperidone treatment in posttraumatic stress disorder: a preliminary controlled trial in effects on comorbid psychotic symptoms. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 18 : 1-8.
    • (2003) Int Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.18 , pp. 1-8
    • Hamner, M.B.1    Faldowski, R.A.2    Ulmer, H.G.3    Frueh, B.C.4    Huber, M.G.5    Arana, G.W.6
  • 66
    • 0037380689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose risperidone as adjunctive therapy for irritable aggression in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Monnelly, E. P., Ciraulo, D. A., Knapp, C., and Keane, T. (2003) Low-dose risperidone as adjunctive therapy for irritable aggression in posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 23 : 193-96.
    • (2003) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.23 , pp. 193-196
    • Monnelly, E.P.1    Ciraulo, D.A.2    Knapp, C.3    Keane, T.4
  • 67
    • 14644423248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjunctive risperidone in the treatment of chronic combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Bartzokis, G., Lu, P. H., Turner, J., Mintz, J., and Saunders, C. S. (2004) Adjunctive risperidone in the treatment of chronic combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 57 : 474-79.
    • (2004) Biol Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 474-479
    • Bartzokis, G.1    Lu, P.H.2    Turner, J.3    Mintz, J.4    Saunders, C.S.5
  • 69
    • 13744255491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A preliminary study of risperidone in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood abuse in women
    • Reich, D. B., Winternitz, S., Hennen, J., Watts, T., and Stanculescu, C. (2004) A preliminary study of risperidone in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood abuse in women. J Clin Psychiatry 65 : 1601-6.
    • (2004) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 1601-1606
    • Reich, D.B.1    Winternitz, S.2    Hennen, J.3    Watts, T.4    Stanculescu, C.5
  • 70
    • 44849108132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Placebo-controlled trial of risperidone augmentation for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant civilian posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Epub ahead of print
    • Rothbaum, B. O., Killeen, T. K., Davidson, J. R. T., Brady, K. T., Connor, K. M., and Heekin, M. H. (2008) Placebo-controlled trial of risperidone augmentation for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant civilian posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychiatry February 13 : e1-e6, Epub ahead of print.
    • (2008) J Clin Psychiatry February , vol.13
    • Rothbaum, B.O.1    Killeen, T.K.2    Davidson, J.R.T.3    Brady, K.T.4    Connor, K.M.5    Heekin, M.H.6
  • 71
    • 23044456532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quetiapine improves sleep disturbances in combat trauma veterans with PTSD: Sleep data from a prospective open-label study
    • Robert, S., Hamner, M. B., Chose, S., et al. (2005) Quetiapine improves sleep disturbances in combat trauma veterans with PTSD: sleep data from a prospective open-label study. J Clin Psychopharmacol 25 : 387-88.
    • (2005) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.25 , pp. 387-388
    • Robert, S.1    Hamner, M.B.2    Chose, S.3
  • 72
    • 0020607619 scopus 로고
    • Benzodiazepine receptors in rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus undergo rapid and reversible changes after acute stress
    • Medina, J. H., Novas, M. L., Wolfman, C. N., Levi de Stein, M., and De Robertis, E. (1983) Benzodiazepine receptors in rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus undergo rapid and reversible changes after acute stress. Neuroscience 9 : 331-35.
    • (1983) Neuroscience , vol.9 , pp. 331-335
    • Medina, J.H.1    Novas, M.L.2    Wolfman, C.N.3    Levi De Stein, M.4    De Robertis, E.5
  • 75
    • 0025352832 scopus 로고
    • Core symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder unimproved by alprazolam treatment
    • Braun, P. D., Greenberg, D., Dasberg, H., and Lerer, B. (1990) Core symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder unimproved by alprazolam treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 51 : 236-38.
    • (1990) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 236-238
    • Braun, P.D.1    Greenberg, D.2    Dasberg, H.3    Lerer, B.4
  • 76
    • 0029744009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of recent trauma survivors with benzodiazepines: A prospective study
    • Gelpin, E., Bonne, O., Peri, T., Brandes, D., and Shalev, A. Y. (1996) Treatment of recent trauma survivors with benzodiazepines: a prospective study. J Clin Psychiatry 57 : 390-94.
    • (1996) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 390-394
    • Gelpin, E.1    Bonne, O.2    Peri, T.3    Brandes, D.4    Shalev, A.Y.5
  • 77
    • 4143116598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clonazepam for treatment of sleep disturbances associated with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Cates, M. E., Bishop, M. H., Davis, L. L., and Woolley, T. W. (2004) Clonazepam for treatment of sleep disturbances associated with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Ann Pharmacother 38 : 1395-99.
    • (2004) Ann Pharmacother , vol.38 , pp. 1395-1399
    • Cates, M.E.1    Bishop, M.H.2    Davis, L.L.3    Woolley, T.W.4
  • 78
    • 3843098474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of benzodiazepines in social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Davidson, J. R. T. (2004) Use of benzodiazepines in social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 65 (suppl 5) : 29-33.
    • (2004) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.65 , Issue.SUPPL. 5 , pp. 29-33
    • Davidson, J.R.T.1
  • 79
    • 0027317384 scopus 로고
    • Paroxetine binding in the blood platelets of posttraumatic stress disorder patients
    • Arora, R. C., Fichtner, C. G., O'Connor, F., and Crayton, J. W. (1993) Paroxetine binding in the blood platelets of posttraumatic stress disorder patients. Life Sci 53 : 919-28.
    • (1993) Life Sci , vol.53 , pp. 919-928
    • Arora, R.C.1    Fichtner, C.G.2    O'connor, F.3    Crayton, J.W.4
  • 81
  • 82
    • 0035022587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter, double-blind comparison of sertraline and placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Davidson, J. R.T., Rothbaum, B. O., van der Kolk, B. A., Sikes, C. R., and Farfel, G. M. (2001) Multicenter, double-blind comparison of sertraline and placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58 : 485-92.
    • (2001) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 485-492
    • Davidson, J.R.T.1    Rothbaum, B.O.2    Van Der Kolk, B.A.3    Sikes, C.R.4    Farfel, G.M.5
  • 83
    • 0035189776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of paroxetine treatment for chronic PTSD: A fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study
    • Marshall, R. D., Beebe, K. L., Oldham, M., and Zaninelli, R. (2001) Efficacy and safety of paroxetine treatment for chronic PTSD: a fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study. Am J Psychiatry 158 : 1982-88.
    • (2001) Am J Psychiatry , vol.158 , pp. 1982-1988
    • Marshall, R.D.1    Beebe, K.L.2    Oldham, M.3    Zaninelli, R.4
  • 84
    • 0035196193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paroxetine in the treatment of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder: Results of a placebo-controlled, flexible-dosage trial
    • Tucker, P., Zaninelli, R., Yehuda, R., Ruggiero, L., Dillingham, K., and Pitts, C. D. (2001) Paroxetine in the treatment of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder: results of a placebo-controlled, flexible-dosage trial. J Clin Psychiatry 62 : 860-68.
    • (2001) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.62 , pp. 860-868
    • Tucker, P.1    Zaninelli, R.2    Yehuda, R.3    Ruggiero, L.4    Dillingham, K.5    Pitts, C.D.6
  • 88
    • 0036218753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind placebo-controlled study of sertraline in military veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Zohar, J., Amital, D., Miodownik, C., Kotler, M., Bleich, A., Lane, R. M., and Austin, C. (2002) Double-blind placebo-controlled study of sertraline in military veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 22 : 190-95.
    • (2002) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.22 , pp. 190-195
    • Zohar, J.1    Amital, D.2    Miodownik, C.3    Kotler, M.4    Bleich, A.5    Lane, R.M.6    Austin, C.7
  • 89
    • 33745128388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoxetine in the acute treatment and relapse prevention of combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: Analysis of the veteran group of a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
    • Martenyi, F., and Soldatenkova, V. (2006) Fluoxetine in the acute treatment and relapse prevention of combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: analysis of the veteran group of a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 16 : 340-49.
    • (2006) Eur Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 340-349
    • Martenyi, F.1    Soldatenkova, V.2
  • 90
    • 0018425438 scopus 로고
    • A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change
    • Montgomery, S. A., and Asberg, M. (1979) A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. Br J Psychiatry 134 : 382-89.
    • (1979) Br J Psychiatry , vol.134 , pp. 382-389
    • Montgomery, S.A.1    Asberg, M.2
  • 91
    • 0018425438 scopus 로고
    • A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change
    • Montgomery, S. A., and Asberg, M. (1979) A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. Br J Psychiatry 134 : 382-89.
    • (1979) Br J Psychiatry , vol.134 , pp. 382-389
    • Montgomery, S.A.1    Asberg, M.2
  • 93
    • 0036012850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizing the effects of sertraline in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Davidson, J. R. T., Landerman, L. R., Farfel, G. M., and Clary, C. M. (2002) Characterizing the effects of sertraline in posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychol Med 32 : 661-70.
    • (2002) Psychol Med , vol.32 , pp. 661-670
    • Davidson, J.R.T.1    Landerman, L.R.2    Farfel, G.M.3    Clary, C.M.4
  • 95
    • 84892275740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Onset of activity and time to response on individual CAPSSX 17 items in patients treated for posttraumatic stress disorder with venlafaxine ER: A pooled analysis
    • Stein, D. J., Pederson, R., Rothbaum, B. O., Baldwin, D. S., Ahmed, S., Musgnung, J., and Davidson, J. (2008) Onset of activity and time to response on individual CAPSSX 17 items in patients treated for posttraumatic stress disorder with venlafaxine ER: a pooled analysis. Int J Neuropscychopharmacol 11 : 1-9.
    • (2008) Int J Neuropscychopharmacol , vol.11 , pp. 1-9
    • Stein, D.J.1    Pederson, R.2    Rothbaum, B.O.3    Baldwin, D.S.4    Ahmed, S.5    Musgnung, J.6    Davidson, J.7
  • 96
    • 0033848645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on objective and subjective sleep quality
    • Obendorfer, S., Saletu-Zyhlarz, G., and Saletu, B. (2000) Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on objective and subjective sleep quality. Pharmacopsychiatry 42 : 69-81.
    • (2000) Pharmacopsychiatry , vol.42 , pp. 69-81
    • Obendorfer, S.1    Saletu-Zyhlarz, G.2    Saletu, B.3
  • 97
    • 0026460459 scopus 로고
    • Akathisia, suicidality, and fluoxetine
    • Hamilton, M. S., and Opler, L. A. (1992) Akathisia, suicidality, and fluoxetine. J Clin Psychiatry 53 : 401-6.
    • (1992) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 401-406
    • Hamilton, M.S.1    Opler, L.A.2
  • 98
    • 84892253559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of prolonged exposure, cognitive therapy and an SSRI in the prevention of PTSD
    • Presented at the, Baltimore, MD
    • Shalev, A. (2007) A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of prolonged exposure, cognitive therapy and an SSRI in the prevention of PTSD. Presented at the 23rd International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.
    • (2007) 23rd International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies Annual Meeting
    • Shalev, A.1
  • 100
    • 0025756382 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder using phenelzine or imipramine
    • Kosten, T. R., Frank, J. B., Dan, E., McDougle, C. J., and Giller, E. L., Jr. (1991) Pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder using phenelzine or imipramine. J Nerv Ment Dis 179 : 366-70.
    • (1991) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.179 , pp. 366-370
    • Kosten, T.R.1    Frank, J.B.2    Dan, E.3    McDougle, C.J.4    Giller Jr., E.L.5
  • 101
    • 0015071791 scopus 로고
    • Tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors
    • Schuckit, M., Robins, E., and Feighner, J. (1971) Tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Arch Gen Psychiatry 24 : 509-14.
    • (1971) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.24 , pp. 509-514
    • Schuckit, M.1    Robins, E.2    Feighner, J.3
  • 102
    • 0030016407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trial of trazodone for posttraumatic stress disorder using a multiple baseline group design
    • Hertzberg, M. A., Feldman, M. E., Beckham, J. C., and Davidson, J. R. T. (1996) Trial of trazodone for posttraumatic stress disorder using a multiple baseline group design. J Clin Psychopharmacol 16 : 294-98.
    • (1996) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 294-298
    • Hertzberg, M.A.1    Feldman, M.E.2    Beckham, J.C.3    Davidson, J.R.T.4
  • 105
    • 0026671647 scopus 로고
    • Hippocampus-dependent learning facilitated by a monoclonal antibody or d-cycloserine
    • Thompson, L. T., Moskal, J. R., and Disterhoft, J. F. (1992) Hippocampus-dependent learning facilitated by a monoclonal antibody or d-cycloserine. Nature 356 : 638-41.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.356 , pp. 638-641
    • Thompson, L.T.1    Moskal, J.R.2    Disterhoft, J.F.3
  • 106
    • 42449141935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical parameters for d-cycloserine enhancement of cognitivebehavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Editorial
    • Rothbaum, B. O. (2008) Critical parameters for d-cycloserine enhancement of cognitivebehavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Editorial. Am J Psychiatry 165 : 293-96.
    • (2008) Am J Psychiatry , vol.165 , pp. 293-296
    • Rothbaum, B.O.1
  • 108
    • 0018134240 scopus 로고
    • Oxytocin, vasopressin and memory: Opposite effects on consolidation and retrieval processes
    • Bohus, B., Kovacs, G. L., and De Wied, D. (1978) Oxytocin, vasopressin and memory: opposite effects on consolidation and retrieval processes. Brain Res 157 : 414-17.
    • (1978) Brain Res , vol.157 , pp. 414-417
    • Bohus, B.1    Kovacs, G.L.2    De Wied, D.3
  • 109
    • 0027255584 scopus 로고
    • Effects of intranasal vasopressin and oxytocin on physiologic responding during personal combat imagery in Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Pitman, R. K., Orr, S. P., and Lasko, N. B. (1993) Effects of intranasal vasopressin and oxytocin on physiologic responding during personal combat imagery in Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry Res 48 : 107-17.
    • (1993) Psychiatry Res , vol.48 , pp. 107-117
    • Pitman, R.K.1    Orr, S.P.2    Lasko, N.B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.