Simulating the IHOP_2002 Fair-weather CBL with the WRF-ARW-Noah modeling system. Part I: Surface fluxes and CBL structure and evolution along the eastern track

Monthly Weather Review

Volumn 138, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 722-744

  Lemone, Margaret A ^a   Chen, Fei ^a   Tewari, Mukul ^a   Dudhia, Jimy ^a   Geerts, Bart ^b   Miao, Qun ^b   Coulter, Richard L ^c   Grossman, Robert L ^d  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

^c ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^d Colorado Research Associates ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADVANCED RESEARCHES; AVAILABLE ENERGY; CLEAR SKY; CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY LAYERS; FILTER LENGTH; FLIGHT TRACK; GAIN INSIGHT; HORIZONTAL VARIABILITY; HORIZONTAL VARIATION; LAND SURFACE MODELS; METEOROLOGICAL CONDITION; MODELING SYSTEMS; MOISTURE FLUXES; ROUGHNESS LENGTH; SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX; SOUTHEAST KANSAS; SPATIAL FILTERINGS; STRAIGHT LINES; SURFACE FLUX; SURFACE INFLUENCES; VEGETATION TYPE; WEATHER DATA; WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING MODELS;

CLOUDS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FLIGHT SIMULATORS; HEAT FLUX; METAL RECOVERY; SOIL MOISTURE; SURFACE MEASUREMENT; SURFACE STRUCTURE; VEGETATION;

WEATHER FORECASTING;

ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE; COMPUTER SIMULATION; CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY LAYER; CUMULUS; DATA PROCESSING; LATENT HEAT FLUX; SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX; WEATHER FORECASTING;

EID: 77953203262     PISSN: 00270644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2009MWR3003.1     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. 2O Project. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 133, 323-341, doi:10.1007/s10546-009-9406-2.
2. Anthes, R. A., 1984: Enhancement of convective precipitation by mesoscale variations in vegetative covering in semiarid regions. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 23, 541-554.
3. Beljaars, A. C. M., and A. A. M. Holtslag, 1991: Flux parameterization over land surfaces for atmospheric models. J. Appl. Meteor., 30, 327-341.
4. Chen, F., and J. Dudhia, 2001: Coupling an advanced land surface hydrology model with the Penn State-NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part I: Model implementation and sensitivity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 569-585.
5. Chen, F., and Y. Zhang, 2009: On the coupling strength between the land surface and the atmosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L10404, doi:10.1029/2009GL037980.
6. Chen, F., Z. Janjic, and K. Mitchell, 1997: Impact of atmospheric surface layer parameterizations in the new land-surface scheme of the NCEP mesoscale Eta numerical model. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 85, 391-421.
7. Chen, F., R. Pielke Sr., and K. Mitchell, 2001: Development and application of land-surface models for mesoscale atmospheric models: Problems and promises. Observation and Modeling of Land Surface Hydrological Processes, V. Lakshmi, J. Albertson, and J. Schaake, Eds., Amer. Geophys. Union, 107-135.
8. Chen, F., D. N. Yates, H. Nagai, M. LeMone, K. Ikeda, and R. Grossman, 2003: Land surface heterogeneity in the Cooperative Atmosphere Surface Exchange Study (CASES-97). Part I: Comparing modeled surface flux maps with surface-flux tower and aircraft measurements. J. Hydrometeor., 4, 196-218.
9. Chen, F., and Coauthors, 2007: Description and evaluation of the NCAR High-Resolution Land Data Assimilation System during IHOP_2002. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 46, 694-713.
10. Conzemius, R. J., and E. Fedorovich, 2006: Dynamics of sheared convective boundary layer entrainment. Part I: Methodological background and large-eddy simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1151-1178.
11. Coulter, R. L., and D. Holdridge, 1998: A procedure for the automatic estimation of mixed layer height. Proc. Eighth Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Science Team Meeting, Tucson, AZ, Dept. of Energy Office of Energy Research, 177-180.
12. Couvreux, F., F. Guichard, P. Austin, and F. Chen, 2009: Nature of the mesoscale boundary layer height and water vapor variability observed on 14 June 2002 during the IHOP_2002 campaign. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 414-432.
13. Davis, C., and Coauthors, 2008: Prediction of landfalling hurricanes with the Advanced Hurricane WRF model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 1990-2005.
14. Desai, A. R., K. J. Davis, C. J. Senff, S. Ismail, E. V. Browell, D. R. Stauffer, and B. P. Reen, 2006: A case study on the effects of heterogeneous soil moisture on mesoscale boundary-layer structure in the southern Great Plains, U.S.A. Part I: Simple prognostic model. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 119, 195-238.
15. Dudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a mesoscale twodimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077-3107.
16. Ek, M. B., K. E. Mitchell, Y. Lin, E. Rogers, P. Grummann, V. Koren, G. Gayno, and J. D. Tarpley, 2003: Implementation of Noah land surface model advances in the National Center for Environmental Prediction operational mesoscale Eta model. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8851, doi:10.1029/2002JD003296.
17. Fulton, R. A., J. P. Breidenbach, D.-J. Seo, D. A. Miller, and T. O'Bannon, 1998: The WSR-88D rainfall algorithm. Wea. Forecasting, 13, 377-395.
18. Garratt, J. R., 1992: The Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Cambridge University Press, 316 pp.
19. Geerts, B., and Q. Miao, 2005: The use of millimeter Doppler radar echoes to estimate vertical air velocities in the fairweather convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 22, 225-246.
20. Grossman, R. L., D. Yates, M. A. LeMone, M. L. Wesely, and J. Song, 2005: Observed effects of horizontal radiative surface temperature variations on the atmosphere over a Midwest watershed during CASES 97. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D06117, doi:10.1029/2004JD004542.
21. Gutman, G., and A. Ignatov, 1997: Satellite-derived green vegetation fraction for the use in numerical weather prediction models. Adv. Space Res., 19 (3), 477-480.
22. Gutmann, E. D., 2008: The determination of soil hydraulic properties in land surface models from remotely sensed surface temperature. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Colorado, Boulder, 128 pp.
23. Hong, S.-Y., Y. Noh, and J. Dudhia, 2006: A new vertical diffusion package with an explicit treatment of entrainment processes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2318-2341.
24. Klazura, G., and Coauthors, 2006: Atmospheric boundary layer measurements in south-central Kansas, 1997-2004. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 87, 1319-1324.
25. Knievel, J. C., G. H. Bryan, and J. P. Hacker, 2007: Explicit numerical diffusion in the WRF model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 3808-3824.
26. Kusunoki, K., 2002: A preliminary survey of clear-air echo appearances over the Kanto Plain in Japan from July to December 1997. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 19, 1063-1072.
27. LeMone, M. A., and Coauthors, 2000: Land-atmosphere interaction research, early results, and opportunities in the Walnut River watershed in southeast Kansas: CASES and ABLE. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 757-779.
28. LeMone, M. A., R. L. Grossman, F. Chen, K. Ikeda, and D. Yates, 2003: Choosing the averaging interval for comparison of observed and modeled fluxes along aircraft transects over a heterogeneous surface. J. Hydrometeor., 4, 179-195.
29. LeMone, M. A., and Coauthors, 2007a: NCAR/CU surface, soil, and vegetation observations during the IHOP_2002 field campaign. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88, 65-81.
30. LeMone, M. A., F. Chen, J. G. Alfieri, M. Tewari, B. Geerts, Q. Miao, R. L. Grossman, and R. L. Coulter, 2007b: Influence of land cover and soil moisture on the horizontal distribution of sensible and latent heat fluxes in southeast Kansas during IHOP_2002 and CASES-97. J. Hydrometeor., 8, 68-87.
31. LeMone, M. A., M. Tewari, F. Chen, J. G. Alfieri, and D. Niyogi, 2008: Evaluation of the Noah land surface model using data from a fair-weather IHOP_2002 day with heterogeneous surface fluxes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 4915-4941.
32. LeMone, M. A., F. Chen, M. Tewari, J. Dudhia, B. Geerts, Q. Miao, R. L. Coulter, and R. L. Grossman, 2010: Simulating the IHOP_2002 fair-weather CBL with the WRF-ARW-Noah modeling system. Part II: Structures from a few kilometers to 100 km across. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 745-764.
33. Lin, Y.-L., R. D. Farley, and H. D. Orville, 1983: Bulk parameterization of a snow field in a cloud model. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 1065-1092.
34. Mann, J., and D. H. Lenschow, 1994: Errors in airborne flux measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 99 (D7), 14 519-14 526.
35. Miao, Q., B. Geerts, and M. A. LeMone, 2006: Vertical velocity and buoyancy characteristics of coherent echo plumes in the convective boundary layer, determined by profiling airborne radar. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 45, 838-855.
36. Mlawer, E. J., S. J. Taubman, P. D. Brown, M. J. Iacono, and S. A. Clough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D14), 16 663-16 682.
37. Pazmany, A., R. McIntosh, R. Kelly, and G. Vali, 1994: Airborne 95 GHz dual-polarized radar for cloud studies. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 32, 731-739.
38. Pielke, R. A., G. Dalu, J. Snook, T. Lee, and T. Kittel, 1991: Nonlinear influence of mesoscale land use on weather and climate. J. Climate, 4, 1053-1069.
39. Pinker, R. T., I. Laszlo, J. D. Tarpley, and K. Mitchell, 2002: Geostationary satellite parameters for surface energy balance. Adv. Space Res., 30, 2427-2432.
40. Reen, B. P., D. R. Stauffer, K. J. Davis, and A. R. Desai, 2006: A case study on the effects of heterogeneous soil moisture on mesoscale boundary-layer structure in the southern Great Plains, U.S.A. Part II. Mesoscale modelling. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 120, 275-314.
41. Santanello, J. A., M. A. Friedl, and M. B. Ek, 2007: Convective planetary boundary layer interactions with the land surface at diurnal time scales: Diagnostics and feedbacks. J. Hydrometeor., 8, 1082-1097.
42. Segal, M., R. Avissar, M. McCumber, and R. Pielke, 1988: Evaluation of vegetation effects on the generation and modification of mesoscale circulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2268-2292.
43. Sellers, P. J., F. G. Hall, G. Asrar, D. Strebel, and R. Murphy, 1992: An overview of the First International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Field Experiment (FIFE). J. Geophys. Res., 97 (D17), 18 345-18 371.
44. Skamarock, W. C., J. B. Klemp, J. Dudhia, D. O. Gill, D. M. Barker, W. Wang, and J. G. Powers, 2005: A description of the Advanced Research WRF version 2. NCAR Tech. Note TN-468+STR, 88 pp. [Available from NCAR, P. O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307.]
45. Stokes, G. M., and S. E. Schwartz, 1994: The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program: Programmatic background and design of the cloud and radiation test bed. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 1201-1221.
46. Strassberg, D., M. LeMone, T. Warner, and J. Alfieri, 2008: Comparison of observed 10-m wind speeds to those based on Monin-Obukhov similarity theory using IHOP_2002 aircraft and surface data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 964-972.
47. Trier, S. B., F. Chen, and K. W. Manning, 2004: A study of convection initiation in a mesoscale model using high-resolution land surface initial conditions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 2954-2976.
48. 2O Project (IHOP_2002) and some preliminary highlights. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 85, 253-277.
49. Wyngaard, J. C. 2004: Toward numerical modeling in the "Terra Incognita." J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 1816-1826.
50. Wyngaard, J. C., L. J. Peltier, and S. Khanna, 1998: LES in the surface layer: Surface fluxes, scaling, and SGS modeling. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1733-1754.
51. Yates, D. N., F. Chen, M. LeMone, R.Qualls,S.Oncley,R.Grossman, and E. Brandes, 2001: A Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study (CASES) dataset for analyzing and parameterizing the effects of land surface heterogeneity on area-averaged surface heat fluxes. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 921-937.
52. Zilitinkevich, S. S., 1995: Non-local turbulent transport: Pollution dispersion aspects of coherent structure of convective flows. Air Pollution III-Volume I. Air Pollution Theory and Simulation, H. Power, N. Moussiopoulos, and C.A. Brebbia, Eds., Computational Mechanics Publications, 53-60.