메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 63, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 1151-1178

Dynamics of sheared convective boundary layer entrainment. Part I: Methodological background and large-eddy simulations

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR ENTRAINMENT; ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE; BOUNDARY LAYERS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; HEAT CONVECTION; HEAT FLUX; SHEAR FLOW; WIND;

EID: 33646256556     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JAS3691.1     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (107)

References (116)
  • 1
    • 0033611346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entraimnent results including advection and case studies from the Flatland boundary layer experiments
    • Angevine, W. M., 1999: Entraimnent results including advection and case studies from the Flatland boundary layer experiments. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 30 947-30 963.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , pp. 30947-30963
    • Angevine, W.M.1
  • 2
    • 0035504059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of the morning transition of the convective boundary layer
    • Angevine, W. M., H. K. Baltink, and F. C. Bosveld, 2001: Observations of the morning transition of the convective boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 101, 209-227.
    • (2001) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.101 , pp. 209-227
    • Angevine, W.M.1    Baltink, H.K.2    Bosveld, F.C.3
  • 3
    • 0016494482 scopus 로고
    • Effect of baroclinicity on wind profiles and the geostrophic drag law for the convective planetary boundary layer
    • Arya, S. P. S., and J. C. Wyngaard, 1975: Effect of baroclinicity on wind profiles and the geostrophic drag law for the convective planetary boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 767-778.
    • (1975) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.32 , pp. 767-778
    • Arya, S.P.S.1    Wyngaard, J.C.2
  • 4
    • 0000520914 scopus 로고
    • Frequency filter for time integrations
    • Asselin, R., 1972: Frequency filter for time integrations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 487-490.
    • (1972) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.100 , pp. 487-490
    • Asselin, R.1
  • 5
    • 0030431085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of neutral and convective planetary boundary-layer parameterizations relative to large eddy simulations
    • Coauthors
    • Ayotte, K. W., and Coauthors, 1996: An evaluation of neutral and convective planetary boundary-layer parameterizations relative to large eddy simulations. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 79, 131-175.
    • (1996) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.79 , pp. 131-175
    • Ayotte, K.W.1
  • 6
    • 84979320110 scopus 로고
    • Control of inversion height by surface heating
    • Ball, F. K., 1960: Control of inversion height by surface heating. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 86, 483-494.
    • (1960) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.86 , pp. 483-494
    • Ball, F.K.1
  • 7
    • 0030419078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating regional surface heat and moisture fluxes above prairie cropland from surface and upper-air measurements
    • Barr, A. G., and G. S. Strong, 1996: Estimating regional surface heat and moisture fluxes above prairie cropland from surface and upper-air measurements. J. Appl. Meteor., 35, 1716-1735.
    • (1996) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.35 , pp. 1716-1735
    • Barr, A.G.1    Strong, G.S.2
  • 8
    • 34249923994 scopus 로고
    • Applied model for the growth of the daytime mixed layer
    • Batchvarova, E., and S.-E. Gryning, 1991: Applied model for the growth of the daytime mixed layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 56, 261-274.
    • (1991) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.56 , pp. 261-274
    • Batchvarova, E.1    Gryning, S.-E.2
  • 9
    • 0028668933 scopus 로고
    • An applied model for the height of the daytime mixed layer and the entrainment zone
    • Batchvarova, E., and S.-E. Gryning, 1994: An applied model for the height of the daytime mixed layer and the entrainment zone. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 71, 311-323.
    • (1994) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.71 , pp. 311-323
    • Batchvarova, E.1    Gryning, S.-E.2
  • 10
    • 84981621643 scopus 로고
    • Non-precipitating cumulus convection and its parameterization
    • Betts, A. K., 1973: Non-precipitating cumulus convection and its parameterization. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 99, 178-196.
    • (1973) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.99 , pp. 178-196
    • Betts, A.K.1
  • 11
    • 84981608613 scopus 로고
    • Reply to comment on the paper "Non-precipitating Cumulus Convection and its Parameterization"
    • Betts, A. K., 1974: Reply to comment on the paper "Non-precipitating Cumulus Convection and its Parameterization." Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 100, 469-471.
    • (1974) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.100 , pp. 469-471
    • Betts, A.K.1
  • 12
    • 0028311150 scopus 로고
    • Budget analysis of FIFE 1987 sonde data
    • Betts, A. K., and J. H. Ball, 1994: Budget analysis of FIFE 1987 sonde data. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 3655-3666.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 3655-3666
    • Betts, A.K.1    Ball, J.H.2
  • 13
    • 0030408694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Field Experiment 1987 sonde budget revisited
    • Betts, A. K., and A. G. Barr, 1996: First International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Field Experiment 1987 sonde budget revisited. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23 285-23 288.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 23285-23288
    • Betts, A.K.1    Barr, A.G.2
  • 14
    • 0027101085 scopus 로고
    • Budget analysis of the boundary layer grid flights during FIFE 1987
    • Betts, A. K., R. L. Desjardins, and J. I. MacPherson, 1992: Budget analysis of the boundary layer grid flights during FIFE 1987. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 18 533-18 546.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.97 , pp. 18533-18546
    • Betts, A.K.1    Desjardins, R.L.2    MacPherson, J.I.3
  • 15
    • 0036873367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective boundary layer depth: Improved measurement by Doppler radar wind profiler using fuzzy logic methods
    • Bianco, L., and J. M. Wilczak, 2002: Convective boundary layer depth: Improved measurement by Doppler radar wind profiler using fuzzy logic methods. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 19, 1745-1758.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.19 , pp. 1745-1758
    • Bianco, L.1    Wilczak, J.M.2
  • 16
    • 0021639568 scopus 로고
    • Lidar observations of mixed layer dynamics: Tests of parameterized entrainment models of mixed layer growth rate
    • Boers, R., E. W. Eloranta, and R. L. Coulter, 1984: Lidar observations of mixed layer dynamics: Tests of parameterized entrainment models of mixed layer growth rate. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 23, 247-266.
    • (1984) J. Climate Appl. Meteor. , vol.23 , pp. 247-266
    • Boers, R.1    Eloranta, E.W.2    Coulter, R.L.3
  • 17
    • 0020369381 scopus 로고
    • Marine stratocumulus layers. Part I: Mean conditions
    • Brost, R. A., D. H. Lenschow, and J. C. Wyngaard, 1982a: Marine stratocumulus layers. Part I: Mean conditions. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 800-817.
    • (1982) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 800-817
    • Brost, R.A.1    Lenschow, D.H.2    Wyngaard, J.C.3
  • 18
    • 0020377244 scopus 로고
    • Marine stratocumulus layers. Part II: Turbulence budgets
    • Brost, R.A., D. H. Lenschow, and J. C. Wyngaard, 1982b: Marine stratocumulus layers. Part II: Turbulence budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 818-836.
    • (1982) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 818-836
    • Brost, R.A.1    Lenschow, D.H.2    Wyngaard, J.C.3
  • 19
    • 0030326257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-eddy simulation and parametrization of the baroclinic boundary-layer
    • Brown, A. R., 1996: Large-eddy simulation and parametrization of the baroclinic boundary-layer. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 122, 1779-1798.
    • (1996) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.122 , pp. 1779-1798
    • Brown, A.R.1
  • 20
    • 84981562790 scopus 로고
    • The development of dry inversion-capped convectively unstable boundary layer
    • Carson, D. J., 1973: The development of dry inversion-capped convectively unstable boundary layer. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 99, 450-467.
    • (1973) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.99 , pp. 450-467
    • Carson, D.J.1
  • 21
    • 0018300328 scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of turbulence structure through the depth of the convective boundary layer
    • Caughey, S. J., and S. G. Palmer, 1979: Some aspects of turbulence structure through the depth of the convective boundary layer. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 105, 811-827.
    • (1979) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.105 , pp. 811-827
    • Caughey, S.J.1    Palmer, S.G.2
  • 22
    • 0022842609 scopus 로고
    • Turbulence in a convective marine atmospheric boundary layer
    • Chou, S.-H., D. Atlas, and E.-N. Yeh, 1986: Turbulence in a convective marine atmospheric boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 547-564.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 547-564
    • Chou, S.-H.1    Atlas, D.2    Yeh, E.-N.3
  • 23
    • 0034253129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boundary layer height and entrainment zone thickness measured by lidars and wind-profiling radars
    • Cohn, S. A., and W. M. Angevine, 2000: Boundary layer height and entrainment zone thickness measured by lidars and wind-profiling radars. J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 1233-1247.
    • (2000) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.39 , pp. 1233-1247
    • Cohn, S.A.1    Angevine, W.M.2
  • 24
    • 33646267924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of sheared convective boundary layer entrainment. Part II: Evaluation of bulk model predictions of entrainment flux
    • Conzemius, R. J., and E. Fedorovich, 2006: Dynamics of sheared convective boundary layer entrainment. Part II: Evaluation of bulk model predictions of entrainment flux. J. Atmos. Sci. 63, 1179-1199.
    • (2006) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.63 , pp. 1179-1199
    • Conzemius, R.J.1    Fedorovich, E.2
  • 26
    • 0000643450 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary results from numerical integration of the unstable boundary layer
    • Deardorff, J. W., 1970a: Preliminary results from numerical integration of the unstable boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 27, 1209-1211.
    • (1970) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 1209-1211
    • Deardorff, J.W.1
  • 27
    • 0000643450 scopus 로고
    • Convective velocity and temperature scales for the unstable planetary boundary layer and for Raleigh convection
    • Deardorff, J. W., 1970b: Convective velocity and temperature scales for the unstable planetary boundary layer and for Raleigh convection. J. Atmos. Sci. 27, 1211-1213.
    • (1970) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 1211-1213
    • Deardorff, J.W.1
  • 28
    • 0002154194 scopus 로고
    • Numerical investigation of neutral and unstable planetary boundary layers
    • Deardorff, J. W., 1972: Numerical investigation of neutral and unstable planetary boundary layers. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 91-115.
    • (1972) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.29 , pp. 91-115
    • Deardorff, J.W.1
  • 29
    • 33846168142 scopus 로고
    • Three dimensional numerical study of turbulence in an entraining mixed layer
    • Deardorff, J. W., 1974: Three dimensional numerical study of turbulence in an entraining mixed layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 7, 199-226.
    • (1974) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.7 , pp. 199-226
    • Deardorff, J.W.1
  • 30
    • 0000884026 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of convective mixed-layer entrainment for realistic capping inversion structure
    • Deardorff, J. W., 1979: Prediction of convective mixed-layer entrainment for realistic capping inversion structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 424-436.
    • (1979) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 424-436
    • Deardorff, J.W.1
  • 31
    • 0001498669 scopus 로고
    • Stratocumulus-caped mixed layers derived from a three-dimensional model
    • Deardorff, J. W., 1980: Stratocumulus-caped mixed layers derived from a three-dimensional model. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 18, 495-527.
    • (1980) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.18 , pp. 495-527
    • Deardorff, J.W.1
  • 32
    • 0019911469 scopus 로고
    • Dependence of mixed-layer entrainment on shear stress and velocity jump
    • Deardorff, J. W., and G. E. Willis, 1982: Dependence of mixed-layer entrainment on shear stress and velocity jump. J. Fluids Mech., 115, 123-140.
    • (1982) J. Fluids Mech. , vol.115 , pp. 123-140
    • Deardorff, J.W.1    Willis, G.E.2
  • 33
    • 0022224210 scopus 로고
    • Further results from a laboratory model of the convective planetary boundary layer
    • Deardoff, J. W., and G. E. Willis, 1985: Further results from a laboratory model of the convective planetary boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 32, 205-236.
    • (1985) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.32 , pp. 205-236
    • Deardoff, J.W.1    Willis, G.E.2
  • 34
    • 0014442044 scopus 로고
    • Laboratory investigation of non-steady penetrative convection
    • Deardorff, J. W., G. E. Willis, and D. K. Lilly, 1969: Laboratory investigation of non-steady penetrative convection. J. Fluid Mech., 35, 7-31.
    • (1969) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.35 , pp. 7-31
    • Deardorff, J.W.1    Willis, G.E.2    Lilly, D.K.3
  • 35
    • 0019055528 scopus 로고
    • Laboratory studies of the entrainment zone of a convectively mixed layer
    • Deardorff, J. W., G. E. Willis, and B. H. Stockton, 1980: Laboratory studies of the entrainment zone of a convectively mixed layer. J. Fluid Mech., 100, 41-64.
    • (1980) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.100 , pp. 41-64
    • Deardorff, J.W.1    Willis, G.E.2    Stockton, B.H.3
  • 36
    • 0001688678 scopus 로고
    • Models and observations of the growth of the atmospheric boundary layer
    • Driedonks, A. G. M., 1982: Models and observations of the growth of the atmospheric boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 23, 283-306.
    • (1982) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.23 , pp. 283-306
    • Driedonks, A.G.M.1
  • 38
    • 0029414036 scopus 로고
    • Modelling the atmospheric convective boundary layer within a zero-order jump approach: An extended theoretical framework
    • Fedorovich, E., 1995: Modelling the atmospheric convective boundary layer within a zero-order jump approach: an extended theoretical framework. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 1916-1928.
    • (1995) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.34 , pp. 1916-1928
    • Fedorovich, E.1
  • 39
    • 0028975122 scopus 로고
    • A model for a shear-free convective boundary layer with parameterized capping inversion structure
    • Fedorovich, E., and D.V. Moronov, 1995: A model for a shear-free convective boundary layer with parameterized capping inversion structure. J. atmos. Sci., 52, 83-95.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 83-95
    • Fedorovich, E.1    Moronov, D.V.2
  • 40
    • 0001925514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wind tunnel model study of turbulence regime in the atmospheric convective boundary layer
    • E. J. Plate et al., Eds., Kluwer
    • Fedorovich, E., and R. Kaiser, 1998: Wind tunnel model study of turbulence regime in the atmospheric convective boundary layer. Buoyant Convection in Geophysical Flows, E. J. Plate et al., Eds., Kluwer, 327-370.
    • (1998) Buoyant Convection in Geophysical Flows , pp. 327-370
    • Fedorovich, E.1    Kaiser, R.2
  • 41
    • 0035736183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical transport of heat and momentum across a sheared density interface at the top of a horizontally evolving convective boundary layer
    • doi:10.1088/1468-5248/2/1/007
    • Fedorovich, E., and J. Thäter, 2001: Vertical transport of heat and momentum across a sheared density interface at the top of a horizontally evolving convective boundary layer. J. Turbul., 2, doi:10.1088/1468-5248/ 2/1/007.
    • (2001) J. Turbul. , vol.2
    • Fedorovich, E.1    Thäter, J.2
  • 42
    • 0030511816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wind tunnel study of turbulent flow structure in the convective boundary layer capped by a temperature inversion
    • Fedorovich, E., R. Kaiser, M. Rau, and E. Plate, 1996: Wind tunnel study of turbulent flow structure in the convective boundary layer capped by a temperature inversion. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1273-1289.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 1273-1289
    • Fedorovich, E.1    Kaiser, R.2    Rau, M.3    Plate, E.4
  • 43
    • 0035063146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical and laboratory study of horizontally evolving convective boundary layer. Part I: Transition regimes and development of the mixed layer
    • Fedorovich, E., F. T. M. Nieuwstadt, and R. Kaiser, 2001a: Numerical and laboratory study of horizontally evolving convective boundary layer. Part I: Transition regimes and development of the mixed layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 70-86.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 70-86
    • Fedorovich, E.1    Nieuwstadt, F.T.M.2    Kaiser, R.3
  • 44
    • 0035868029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical and laboratory study of horizontally evolving convective boundary layer. Part II: Effects of elevated wind shear and surface roughness
    • Fedorovich, E., F. T. M. Nieuwstadt, and R. Kaiser, 2001b: Numerical and laboratory study of horizontally evolving convective boundary layer. Part II: Effects of elevated wind shear and surface roughness. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 546-560.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 546-560
    • Fedorovich, E.1    Nieuwstadt, F.T.M.2    Kaiser, R.3
  • 45
    • 1642301676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective entrainment into a shear-free, linearly stratified atmosphere: Bulk models reevaluated through large eddy simulations
    • Fedorovich, E., R. Conzemius, and D. Mironov, 2004a: Convective entrainment into a shear-free, linearly stratified atmosphere: Bulk models reevaluated through large eddy simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 281-295.
    • (2004) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.61 , pp. 281-295
    • Fedorovich, E.1    Conzemius, R.2    Mironov, D.3
  • 46
    • 23744440360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonstationarity of convective boundary layer growth in a heterogeneously stratified, shear-free atmosphere
    • Preprints, Portland, ME, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, P7.9
    • Fedorovich, E., R. Conzemius, and A. Shapiro, 2004b: Nonstationarity of convective boundary layer growth in a heterogeneously stratified, shear-free atmosphere. Preprints, 16th Symp. on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, Portland, ME, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, P7.9.
    • (2004) 16th Symp. on Boundary Layers and Turbulence
    • Fedorovich, E.1    Conzemius, R.2    Shapiro, A.3
  • 47
    • 23744461891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entrainment into sheared convective boundary layers as predicted by different large eddy simulation codes
    • Coauthors, Preprints, Portland, ME, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, P4.7
    • Fedorovich, E., and Coauthors, 2004c: Entrainment into sheared convective boundary layers as predicted by different large eddy simulation codes. Preprints, 16th Symp. on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, Portland, ME, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, P4.7.
    • (2004) 16th Symp. on Boundary Layers and Turbulence
    • Fedorovich, E.1
  • 48
    • 0030694342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lidar determination of the entrainment zone thickness at the top of the unstable marine atmospheric boundary layer
    • Flamant, C., J. Pelon, P. H. Flamant, and P. Durand, 1997: Lidar determination of the entrainment zone thickness at the top of the unstable marine atmospheric boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 83, 247-284.
    • (1997) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.83 , pp. 247-284
    • Flamant, C.1    Pelon, J.2    Flamant, P.H.3    Durand, P.4
  • 49
    • 0020336031 scopus 로고
    • Winds in the atmospheric convective boundary layer - Prediction and observation
    • Garratt, J. R., and J. C. Wyngaard, 1982: Winds in the atmospheric convective boundary layer - Prediction and observation. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1307-1316.
    • (1982) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 1307-1316
    • Garratt, J.R.1    Wyngaard, J.C.2
  • 50
    • 0027044053 scopus 로고
    • Convective boundary layer budgets of moisture and sensible heat over an unstressed prairie
    • Grossman, R. L., 1992: Convective boundary layer budgets of moisture and sensible heat over an unstressed prairie. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 18 425-18 438.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.97 , pp. 18425-18438
    • Grossman, R.L.1
  • 52
    • 0016058086 scopus 로고
    • Planetary boundary layer winds in baroclinic conditions
    • Hoxit, L. R., 1974: Planetary boundary layer winds in baroclinic conditions. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 1003-1020.
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 1003-1020
    • Hoxit, L.R.1
  • 53
    • 0032770697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perturbed vortical layers and shear sheltering
    • Hunt, J. C. R., and P. A. Durbin, 1999: Perturbed vortical layers and shear sheltering. Fluid Dyn. Res., 24, 375-404.
    • (1999) Fluid Dyn. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 375-404
    • Hunt, J.C.R.1    Durbin, P.A.2
  • 55
    • 0031835396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turbulence spectra and dissipation rates in a wind tunnel model of the atmospheric convective boundary layer
    • Kaiser, R., and E. Fedorovich, 1998: Turbulence spectra and dissipation rates in a wind tunnel model of the atmospheric convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 580-594.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 580-594
    • Kaiser, R.1    Fedorovich, E.2
  • 56
    • 84958444643 scopus 로고
    • On the penetration of a turbulent layer into stratified fluid
    • Kato, H., and O. M. Phillips, 1969: On the penetration of a turbulent layer into stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech., 37, 643-655.
    • (1969) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.37 , pp. 643-655
    • Kato, H.1    Phillips, O.M.2
  • 57
    • 0031862550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional buoyancy and shear-induced local structure of the atmospheric boundary layer
    • Khanna, S., and J. G. Brasseur, 1998: Three-dimensional buoyancy and shear-induced local structure of the atmospheric boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 710-743.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 710-743
    • Khanna, S.1    Brasseur, J.G.2
  • 58
    • 0000099007 scopus 로고
    • The convective boundary layer structure from lidar and radiosonde measurements during the EFEDA '91 campaign
    • Kiemle, C., M. Kaestner, and G. Ehret, 1995: The convective boundary layer structure from lidar and radiosonde measurements during the EFEDA '91 campaign. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 771-782.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.12 , pp. 771-782
    • Kiemle, C.1    Kaestner, M.2    Ehret, G.3
  • 59
    • 0037265104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coherent structures near the surface in a strongly sheared convective boundary layer generalized by large-eddy simulation
    • Kim, S.-W., and S.-U. Park, 2003: Coherent structures near the surface in a strongly sheared convective boundary layer generalized by large-eddy simulation. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 106, 35-60.
    • (2003) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.106 , pp. 35-60
    • Kim, S.-W.1    Park, S.-U.2
  • 60
    • 0038683993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entrainment processes in the convective boundary layer with varying wind shear
    • Kim, S.-W., and S. -U., and C.-H. Moeng, 2003: Entrainment processes in the convective boundary layer with varying wind shear. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 108, 221-245.
    • (2003) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.108 , pp. 221-245
    • Kim, S.-W.1    Park, S.-U.2    Moeng, C.-H.3
  • 62
    • 0347478206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of five 915-MHz wind profilers and an associated automated quality control algorithm in an operational environment
    • Lambert, W. C., F. J. Merceret, G. E. Taylor, and J. G. Ward, 2003: Performance of five 915-MHz wind profilers and an associated automated quality control algorithm in an operational environment. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 20, 1488-1495.
    • (2003) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.20 , pp. 1488-1495
    • Lambert, W.C.1    Merceret, F.J.2    Taylor, G.E.3    Ward, J.G.4
  • 63
    • 0000247363 scopus 로고
    • The structure and dynamics of horizontal roll vortices in the planetary boundary layer
    • LeMone, M. A., 1973: The structure and dynamics of horizontal roll vortices in the planetary boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 1077-1091.
    • (1973) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 1077-1091
    • LeMone, M.A.1
  • 65
    • 0014890063 scopus 로고
    • Airplane measurements of planetary boundary layer structure
    • Lenschow, D. H., 1970: Airplane measurements of planetary boundary layer structure. J. Appl. Meteor., 9, 874-884.
    • (1970) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.9 , pp. 874-884
    • Lenschow, D.H.1
  • 66
    • 0004530941 scopus 로고
    • Model of the height variation of the turbulence kinetic energy budget in the unstable planetary boundary layer
    • Lenschow, D. H., 1974: Model of the height variation of the turbulence kinetic energy budget in the unstable planetary boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 465-474.
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 465-474
    • Lenschow, D.H.1
  • 67
    • 0019213011 scopus 로고
    • Mean-field and second-moment budgets in a baroclinic, convective boundary layer
    • Lenschow, D. H., J. C. Wyngaard, and W. T. Pennell, 1980: Mean-field and second-moment budgets in a baroclinic, convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1313-1326.
    • (1980) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 1313-1326
    • Lenschow, D.H.1    Wyngaard, J.C.2    Pennell, W.T.3
  • 68
    • 0032468572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-eddy boundary layer entrainment
    • Lewellen, D. C., and W. S. Lewellen, 1998: Large-eddy boundary layer entrainment. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2645-2665.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 2645-2665
    • Lewellen, D.C.1    Lewellen, W.S.2
  • 69
    • 84978549009 scopus 로고
    • Models of cloud-topped mixed layers under a strong inversion
    • Lilly, D. K., 1968: Models of cloud-topped mixed layers under a strong inversion. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 94, 292-309.
    • (1968) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.94 , pp. 292-309
    • Lilly, D.K.1
  • 70
    • 0036938133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entrainment into mixed layers. Part I: Sharp-edged and smooth-edged tops
    • Lilly, D. K., 2002a: Entrainment into mixed layers. Part I: Sharp-edged and smooth-edged tops. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3340-3352.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.59 , pp. 3340-3352
    • Lilly, D.K.1
  • 71
    • 0036942593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entrainment into mixed layers. Part II: A new closure
    • Lilly, D. K., 2002b: Entrainment into mixed layers. Part II: A new closure. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3353-3361.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.59 , pp. 3353-3361
    • Lilly, D.K.1
  • 72
    • 0016535436 scopus 로고
    • The influence of shear on mixing across density interfaces
    • Long, R. R., 1975: The influence of shear on mixing across density interfaces. J. Fluid Mech., 70, 305-320.
    • (1975) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.70 , pp. 305-320
    • Long, R.R.1
  • 74
    • 0016881627 scopus 로고
    • Growth dynamics of the convectively mixed layer
    • Mahrt, L., and D. H. Lenschow, 1976: Growth dynamics of the convectively mixed layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 41-51.
    • (1976) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 41-51
    • Mahrt, L.1    Lenschow, D.H.2
  • 75
    • 84987108490 scopus 로고
    • The relation between flux ratio and energy ratio in convectively mixed layers
    • Manins, P. C., and J. S. Turner, 1978: The relation between flux ratio and energy ratio in convectively mixed layers. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 104, 39-44.
    • (1978) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.104 , pp. 39-44
    • Manins, P.C.1    Turner, J.S.2
  • 76
    • 1142268822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boundary-layer entrainment estimation through assimilation of radiosonde and micrometeorological data into a mixed layer model
    • Margulis, S. A., and D. Entekhabi, 2004: Boundary-layer entrainment estimation through assimilation of radiosonde and micrometeorological data into a mixed layer model. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 110, 405-433.
    • (2004) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.110 , pp. 405-433
    • Margulis, S.A.1    Entekhabi, D.2
  • 77
    • 0024812927 scopus 로고
    • Large-eddy simulation of the convective atmospheric boundary layer
    • Mason, P. J., 1989: Large-eddy simulation of the convective atmospheric boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1492-1516.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 1492-1516
    • Mason, P.J.1
  • 78
    • 0021639148 scopus 로고
    • Statistics of conservative scalars in the convective boundary layer
    • Moeng, C.-H., and J. C. Wyngaard, 1984: Statistics of conservative scalars in the convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 3161-3169.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 3161-3169
    • Moeng, C.-H.1    Wyngaard, J.C.2
  • 79
    • 0024813306 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of turbulent transport and dissipation closures in second-order modeling
    • Moeng, C.-H., and J. C. Wyngaard, 1989: Evaluation of turbulent transport and dissipation closures in second-order modeling. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2311-2330.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 2311-2330
    • Moeng, C.-H.1    Wyngaard, J.C.2
  • 80
    • 0028607746 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of shear- and buoyancy-driven planetary boundary layer flows
    • Moeng, C.-H., and P. P. Sullivan, 1994: A comparison of shear- and buoyancy-driven planetary boundary layer flows. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 999-1022.
    • (1994) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 999-1022
    • Moeng, C.-H.1    Sullivan, P.P.2
  • 81
    • 0035891736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stably stratified interfacial-layer turbulence from large eddy simulation
    • Otte, M. J., and J. C. Wyngaard, 2001: Stably stratified interfacial-layer turbulence from large eddy simulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3424-3442.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 3424-3442
    • Otte, M.J.1    Wyngaard, J.C.2
  • 82
    • 0000178733 scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of turbulence in the fair-weather trade wind boundary layer
    • Pennel, W. T., and M. A. LeMone, 1974: An experimental study of turbulence in the fair-weather trade wind boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 1308-1323.
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 1308-1323
    • Pennel, W.T.1    LeMone, M.A.2
  • 83
    • 0141682961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of shear to the evolution of a convective boundary layer
    • Pino, D., J. V.-G. de Arellano, and P. J. Duynkerke, 2003: The contribution of shear to the evolution of a convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 1913-1926.
    • (2003) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.60 , pp. 1913-1926
    • Pino, D.1    de Arellano, J.V.-G.2    Duynkerke, P.J.3
  • 84
    • 0003987999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge University Press
    • Pope, S. B., 2000: Turbulent Flows. Cambridge University Press, 771 pp.
    • (2000) Turbulent Flows , pp. 771
    • Pope, S.B.1
  • 85
    • 0017900845 scopus 로고
    • Observation and simulation of storm-induced mixed layer deepening
    • Price, J. F., C. N. K. Mooers, and J. C. van Leer, 1978: Observation and simulation of storm-induced mixed layer deepening. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 8, 582-599.
    • (1978) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.8 , pp. 582-599
    • Price, J.F.1    Mooers, C.N.K.2    van Leer, J.C.3
  • 87
    • 0024627994 scopus 로고
    • Coherent structure of the convective boundary layer derived from large eddy simulations
    • Schmidt, H., and U. Schumann, 1989: Coherent structure of the convective boundary layer derived from large eddy simulations. J. Fluid Mech., 200, 511-562.
    • (1989) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.200 , pp. 511-562
    • Schmidt, H.1    Schumann, U.2
  • 88
    • 0033387188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An observational and numerical study of a sheared, convective boundary layer. Part I: Phoenix II observations, statistical description, and visualization
    • Schneider, J. M., and D. K. Lilly, 1999: An observational and numerical study of a sheared, convective boundary layer. Part I: Phoenix II observations, statistical description, and visualization. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 3059-3078.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 3059-3078
    • Schneider, J.M.1    Lilly, D.K.2
  • 89
    • 0029728929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical study of penetrative and "solid lid" nonpenetrative convective boundary layers
    • Sorbjan, Z., 1996a: Numerical study of penetrative and "solid lid" nonpenetrative convective boundary layers. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 101-112.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 101-112
    • Sorbjan, Z.1
  • 90
    • 0030425613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects cause by varying the strength of the capping inversion based on a large eddy simulation model of the shear-free convective boundary layer
    • Sorbjan, Z., 1996b: Effects cause by varying the strength of the capping inversion based on a large eddy simulation model of the shear-free convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2015-2024.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 2015-2024
    • Sorbjan, Z.1
  • 91
    • 1842731338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-eddy simulation of the baroclinic mixed layer
    • Sorbjan, Z., 2004: Large-eddy simulation of the baroclinic mixed layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 112, 57-80.
    • (2004) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.112 , pp. 57-80
    • Sorbjan, Z.1
  • 92
    • 0019700807 scopus 로고
    • A model for entrainment into a cloud-topped marine boundary layer. Part I: Model description and application to a cold-air outbreak episode
    • Stage, S. A., and J. A. Businger, 1981: A model for entrainment into a cloud-topped marine boundary layer. Part I: Model description and application to a cold-air outbreak episode. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 2213-2229.
    • (1981) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.38 , pp. 2213-2229
    • Stage, S.A.1    Businger, J.A.2
  • 93
    • 0012174670 scopus 로고
    • Inversion rise model based on penetrative convection
    • Stull, R. B., 1973: Inversion rise model based on penetrative convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 1092-1099.
    • (1973) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 1092-1099
    • Stull, R.B.1
  • 94
    • 0016971928 scopus 로고
    • The energetics of entrainment across a density interface
    • Stull, R. B., 1976a: The energetics of entrainment across a density interface. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1260-1267.
    • (1976) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 1260-1267
    • Stull, R.B.1
  • 95
    • 0016974598 scopus 로고
    • Internal gravity waves generated by penetrative convection
    • Stull, R. B., 1976b: Internal gravity waves generated by penetrative convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1279-1286.
    • (1976) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 1279-1286
    • Stull, R.B.1
  • 96
    • 0016971926 scopus 로고
    • Mixed-layer depth model based on turbulent energetics
    • Stull, R. B., 1976c: Mixed-layer depth model based on turbulent energetics. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1268-1278.
    • (1976) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 1268-1278
    • Stull, R.B.1
  • 98
    • 0032470092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of the entrainment zone capping the convective atmospheric boundary layer
    • Sullivan, P., C.-H. Moeng, B. Stevens, D. H. Lenschow, and S. D. Mayor, 1998: Structure of the entrainment zone capping the convective atmospheric boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3042-3064.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 3042-3064
    • Sullivan, P.1    Moeng, C.-H.2    Stevens, B.3    Lenschow, D.H.4    Mayor, S.D.5
  • 99
    • 0024830234 scopus 로고
    • Large-eddy simulation of turbulent sheared convection
    • Sykes, R. I., and D. S. Henn, 1989: Large-eddy simulation of turbulent sheared convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1106-1118.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 1106-1118
    • Sykes, R.I.1    Henn, D.S.2
  • 100
    • 0001517203 scopus 로고
    • A model for the dynamics of the inversion above a convective boundary layer
    • Tennekes, H., 1973: A model for the dynamics of the inversion above a convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 558-567.
    • (1973) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 558-567
    • Tennekes, H.1
  • 101
    • 0019354945 scopus 로고
    • Basic entrainment equations for the atmospheric boundary layer
    • Tennekes, H., and A. G. M. Driedonks, 1981: Basic entrainment equations for the atmospheric boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 20, 515-531.
    • (1981) Bound.-Layer Meteor. , vol.20 , pp. 515-531
    • Tennekes, H.1    Driedonks, A.G.M.2
  • 102
    • 0343948629 scopus 로고
    • The coupled turbulent transports of salt and heat across a sharp density interface
    • Turner, J. S., 1965: The coupled turbulent transports of salt and heat across a sharp density interface. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 8, 759-767.
    • (1965) Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , vol.8 , pp. 759-767
    • Turner, J.S.1
  • 103
    • 84958434051 scopus 로고
    • The influence of molecular diffusivity on turbulent entrainment across a density interface
    • Turner, J. S., 1968: The influence of molecular diffusivity on turbulent entrainment across a density interface. J. Fluid Mech., 33, 639-656.
    • (1968) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.33 , pp. 639-656
    • Turner, J.S.1
  • 104
    • 0345325563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entrainment parameterization in convective boundary layers
    • vanZanten, M. C., P. G. Duynkerke, and J. W. M. Cuijpers, 1999: Entrainment parameterization in convective boundary layers. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 813-828.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 813-828
    • vanZanten, M.C.1    Duynkerke, P.G.2    Cuijpers, J.W.M.3
  • 106
    • 0002445621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic variability within the convective boundary layer due to horizontal convective rolls
    • Weckwerth, T. M., J. W. Wilson, and R. M. Wakimoto, 1996: Thermodynamic variability within the convective boundary layer due to horizontal convective rolls. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 769-784.
    • (1996) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.124 , pp. 769-784
    • Weckwerth, T.M.1    Wilson, J.W.2    Wakimoto, R.M.3
  • 107
    • 0000366533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Horizontal convective rolls: Determining the environmental conditions supporting their existence and characteristics
    • Weckwerth, T. M., J. W. Wilson, R. M. Wakimoto, and N. A. Crook, 1997: Horizontal convective rolls: Determining the environmental conditions supporting their existence and characteristics. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 505-526.
    • (1997) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.125 , pp. 505-526
    • Weckwerth, T.M.1    Wilson, J.W.2    Wakimoto, R.M.3    Crook, N.A.4
  • 108
    • 0033391339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An observational study of the evolution of horizontal convective rolls
    • Weckwerth, T. M., T. W. Horst, and J. W. Wilson, 1999: An observational study of the evolution of horizontal convective rolls. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2160-2179.
    • (1999) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.127 , pp. 2160-2179
    • Weckwerth, T.M.1    Horst, T.W.2    Wilson, J.W.3
  • 109
    • 12144287822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2O Project (IHOP_2002) and some preliminary highlights
    • Coauthors
    • 2O Project (IHOP_2002) and some preliminary highlights. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 85, 253-277.
    • (2004) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.85 , pp. 253-277
    • Weckwerth, T.M.1
  • 110
    • 0032855030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of mixing depths observed by ground-based wind profilers and an airborne lidar
    • White, A. B., and C. J. Senff, 1999: A comparison of mixing depths observed by ground-based wind profilers and an airborne lidar. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 16, 584-590.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.16 , pp. 584-590
    • White, A.B.1    Senff, C.J.2
  • 111
    • 0001465098 scopus 로고
    • A laboratory model of the unstable planetary boundary layer
    • Willis, G. E., and J. W. Deardorff, 1974: A laboratory model of the unstable planetary boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 1297-1307.
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 1297-1307
    • Willis, G.E.1    Deardorff, J.W.2
  • 112
    • 0346737484 scopus 로고
    • Wind-induced turbulent entrainment across a stable density interface
    • Wu, J., 1973: Wind-induced turbulent entrainment across a stable density interface. J. Fluid Mech., 61, 275-287.
    • (1973) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.61 , pp. 275-287
    • Wu, J.1
  • 113
    • 0041504242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experiment, numerical modeling, numerical simulation, and their roles in the study of convection
    • Kluwer
    • Wyngaard, J. C., 1998: Experiment, numerical modeling, numerical simulation, and their roles in the study of convection. Buoyant Convection in Geophysical Flows, Kluwer, 239-251.
    • (1998) Buoyant Convection in Geophysical Flows , pp. 239-251
    • Wyngaard, J.C.1
  • 114
    • 0021639751 scopus 로고
    • Top-down and bottom-up diffusion of a scalar in the convective boundary layer
    • Wyngaard, J. C., and R. A. Brost, 1984: Top-down and bottom-up diffusion of a scalar in the convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 102-112.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 102-112
    • Wyngaard, J.C.1    Brost, R.A.2
  • 115
    • 0000799760 scopus 로고
    • Parameterization of the turbulent energy budget at the top of the daytime atmospheric boundary layer
    • Zeman, O., and H. Tennekes, 1977: Parameterization of the turbulent energy budget at the top of the daytime atmospheric boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 111-123.
    • (1977) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.34 , pp. 111-123
    • Zeman, O.1    Tennekes, H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.