Dynamics of the ascent and eruption of water containing dissolved CO 2 on Mars

Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets

Volumn 115, Issue 5, 2010, Pages

  Bargery, Alistair Simon ^a,b   Wilson, Lionel ^a  

^a LANCASTER UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AQUIFER; CARBON DIOXIDE; CHANNEL FLOW; CRYOSPHERE; DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON; EROSION; MAGMA; MARS; OUTFLOW; P-T CONDITIONS; VOLCANIC ERUPTION;

HESPERIA;

EID: 77953098714     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2009JE003403     Document Type: Article

References (97)

1. Allen, C. C, and D. Z. Oehler (2008), A case for ancient springs in Arabia Terra, Mars, Astrobiology, 8 (6), 1093-1112, doi:10.1089/ast.2008.0239.
2. Andrews-Hanna, J. C, and R. J. Phillips (2007), Hydrological modeling of outflow channels and chaos regions on Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 112, E08001, doi:10.1029/2006JE002881. (Pubitemid 47604097)
3. Armienti, P., F. Barberi, and F. Innocenti (1984), A model of the Phlegraean Fields magma chamber in the last 10, 500 years, Bull. Volcanol, 47, 349-358, doi:10.1007/BF01961566.
4. Baker, V. R. (2001), Water and the Martian landscape, Nature, 412 228-236, doi:10.1038/35084172. (Pubitemid 32674724)
5. Baker, V. R., and R. C. Kochel (1979), Martian channel morphology: Maja and Kasei Valles, J. Geophys. Res., 84, 7961-7983, doi:10.1029/JB084iB14p07961.
6. Bargery, A. S., S. J. Lane, J. S. Gilbert, and L. Wilson (2006), Experimental investigation into the response of liquid water to various atmospheric pressures, paper presented at IGS Symposium on Volcano-Ice Interactions, Int. Geol. Soc, Reykavik, Iceland.
7. 2-driven water fountains during water release events on Mars, Lunar Planet. Sci., XXXIX, Abstract 1102.
8. Bargery, A. S., S. J. Lane, L. Wilson, and J. S. Gilbert (2008b), Laboratory simulation of the release of subsurface water and brine on to the surface of Mars and icy satellites, Lunar Planet. Sci., XXXIX, Abstract 1702.
9. Burr, D. M., J. A. Grier, A. S. McEwan, and L. P. Keszthelyi (2002a), Repeated aqueous flooding from the Cerberus Fossae: Evidence for very recently extant, deep groundwater on Mars, Icarus, 159, 53-73, doi:10.1006/icar.2002. 6921.
10. Burr, D. M., A. S. McEwan, and S. E. H. Sakimoto (2002b), Recent aqueous floods from the Cerberus Fossae, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29 (1), 1013, doi:10.1029/2001GL013345.
11. Burr, D., L. Wilson, and A. S. Bargery (2009), Floods from Fossae: A review of Amazonian-aged extensional tectonic megaflood channels on Mars, in Megaflooding on Earth and Mars: Morphology, Modeling, and Water Release Mechanisms, edited by D. M. Burr et al., pp. 194-208, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U. K.
12. Cabrol, N. A., E. A. Grin, and G. Dawidowicz (1997), A model of outflow generation by hydrothermal underpressure drainage in a volcano-tectonic environment, Shalbatana Vallis (Mars), Icarus, 125, 455-464, doi:10.1006/icar.1996.5625.
13. Carr, M. H. (1979), Formation of Martian flood features by release of water from confined aquifers, J. Geophys. Res., 84, 2995-3007.
14. Carr, M. H. (2000), Martian oceans, valleys, and climate: New insights from Mars Global Surveyor, Astron. Geophys., 41, 3.20-3.26, doi:10.1046/j.1468- 4004.2000.00320.x.
15. Carr, M. H. (2006), The Surface of Mars, 307 pp., Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U. K.
16. Chapman, M. G., and K. L. Tanaka (2002), Related magma-ice interactions: Possible origins of chasmata, chaos, and surface materials in Xanthe, Margaritifer, and Meridiani Terrae, Mars, Icarus, 155, 324-339, doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6735.
17. Chin, W. C. (2001), Computational Rheology for Pipeline and Annular Flow, Gulf, Boston.
18. Clarke, T. (2001), Taming Africa's killer lake, Nature, 409, 554-555, doi:10.1038/35054609. (Pubitemid 32154789)
19. Clifford, S. M. (1993), A model for the hydrologic and climatic behavior of water on Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10, 973-11, 016 doi:10.1029/93JE00225.
20. Clifford, S. M., and T. J. Parker (2001), The evolution of the Martian hydrosphere: Implications for the fate of a primordial ocean and the current state of the northern plains, Icarus, 154, 40-79, doi: 10.1006/icar.2001.6671.
21. Coleman, N. M. (2004), Ravi Vallis, Mars-paleoflood origin and genesis of secondary chaos zones, Lunar Planet. Sci., XXXV, Abstract 1299.
22. Coleman, N. M., and C. L. Dinwiddie (2005), Groundwater depth, Cryosphere thickness, and crustal heat flux in the epoch of Ravi Vallis, Mars, Lunar Planet. Sci., XXXVI, Abstract 2163.
23. de Pablo, M. A., and G. Komatsu (2009), Possible pingo fields in the Utopia basin, Mars: Geological and climatical implications, Icarus, 199, 49-74, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2008.09.007.
24. Dixon, J. E. (1997), Degassing of alkalic basalts, Am. Mineral, 82 (3-4), 368-378.
25. 2 solubility in pure water and aqueous NaCl solutions from 273 to 533 K and from 0 to 2000 bar, Chem. Geol., 193 (3-4), 257-271, doi:10.1016/S0009-2541 (02) 00263-2.
26. Gaidos, E. J., and G. Marion (2003), Geological and geochemical legacy of a cold early Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (E6), 5055, doi:10.1029/2002JE002000.
27. 2 and S during eruptive episodes at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 12, 177-12, 185, doi:10.1029/JB091iB12p12177.
28. Ghatan, G. J., J. W. Head, and L. Wilson (2005), Mangala Valles, Mars: Assessment of early stages of flooding and downstream flood evolution, Earth Moon Planets, 96 (1-2), 1-57, doi:10.1007/s11038-005-9009-y.
29. Giberti, G., and L. Wilson (1990), The influence of geometry on the ascent of magma in open fissures, Bull. Volcanol, 52, 515-521, doi:10.1007/BF00301532.
30. Haberle, R. M., C. P. McKay, J. Schaeffer, N. A. Cabrol, E. A. Grin, A. P. Zent, and R. Quin (2001), On the possibility of liquid water on presentday Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 23, 317-323, 326, doi:10.1029/2000JE001360.
31. Hanna, J. C, and R. J. Phillips (2003), A new model of the hydrologic properties of the Martian crust and implications for the formation of valley networks and outflow channels, Lunar Planet. Sci., XXXIV, Abstract 2027.
32. Hanna, J. C, and R. J. Phillips (2005), Hydrological modeling of the Martian crust with application to the pressurization of aquifers, J. Geophys. Res., 110, E01004, doi:10.1029/2004JE002330. (Pubitemid 40479101)
33. Hanna, J. C, and R. J. Phillips (2006), Tectonic pressurization of aquifers in the formation of Mangala and Athabasca Valles, Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 111, E03003, doi:10.1029/2005JE002546. (Pubitemid 43676369)
34. 2 in submarine tholeiitic basalts, J. Geol, 89, 689-701, doi:10.1086/628636.
35. Hauck, S. A., II, and R. J. Phillips (2002), Thermal and crustal evolution of Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 107 (E7), 5052, doi:10.1029/2001JE001801.
36. Head, J. W., and L. Wilson (2003), Deep submarine pyroclastic eruptions: Theory and predicted landforms and deposits, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 121, 155-193, doi:10.1016/S0377-0273 (02) 00425-0.
37. Head, J. W., L. Wilson, and K. L. Mitchell (2003), Generation of recent massive water floods at Cerberus Fossae, Mars by dike emplacement, cryospheric cracking, and confined aquifer groundwater release, Geophys. Res. Lett, 30 (11), 1577, doi:10.1029/2003GL017135.
38. Houghton, B. F., and C. J. N. Wilson (1989), A vesicularity index for pyroclastic deposits, Bull. Volcanol., 51 (6), 451-462, doi:10.1007/BF01078811.
39. James, M. R., S. J. Lane, and S. B. Corder (2008), Modelling the rapid near-surface expansion of gas slugs in low-viscosity magmas, Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc. London, 307, 147-167, doi:10.1144/SP307.9.
40. James, M. R., S. J. Lane, L. Wilson, and S. B. Corder (2009), Degassing at low magma-viscosity volcanoes: Quantifying the transition between passive bubble-burst and Strombolian eruption, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 180, 81-88, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.09.002.
41. Kargel, J. S., J. Z. Kaye, J. W. Head, G. M. Marion, R. Sassen, J. K. Crowley, O. P. Ballesteros, S. A. Grant, and D. L. Hogenboom (2000), Europa's crust and ocean: Origin, composition, and the prospects for life, Icarus, 148, 226-265, doi:10.1006/icar.2000.6471.
42. Kennard, E. H. (1938), Kinetic Theory of Gases, 1st ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.
43. 2 jets formed by sublimation beneath translucent slab ice in Mars' seasonal south polar ice cap, Nature, 442, 793-796, doi:10.1038/nature04945. (Pubitemid 44258907)
44. Kieffer, S. W. (1977), Sound speed in liquid-gas mixtures: Water-air and water-steam, J. Geophys. Res., 82, 2895-2904, doi:10.1029/JB082i020p02895.
45. Kieffer, S. W. (1982), Dynamics and thermodynamics of volcanic eruptions: Implications for the plumes on Io, in Satellites of Jupiter, edited by D. Morrison, pp. 647-723, Univ. of Ariz. Press, Tucson.
46. Kieffer, S. W. (1989), Geologic nozzles, Rev. Geophys., 27, 3-38, doi:10.1029/RG027i001p00003.
47. Kieffer, S. W. (1995), Numerical models of caldera-scale volcanism on Earth, Venus, and Mars, Science, 269, 1385-1391, doi: 10.1126/science. 269.5229.1385.
48. Kieffer, S. W., and G. A. Valentine (1995), Numerical models of calderascale volcanic eruptions on the Earth, Venus, Mars, Triton and Io, Lunar and Planet. Sci., XXVI, Abstract 1373.
49. Kirk, R. L., L. A. Soderblom, R. H. Brown, S. W. Kieffer, and J. S. Kargel (1995), Triton's plumes: Discovery, characteristics, and models, in Neptune and Triton, edited by D. Cruikshank, pp. 949-989, Univ. of Ariz. Press, Tucson.
50. Leask, H. J., L. Wilson, and K. L. Mitchell (2006a), Formation of Ravi Vallis outflow channel, Mars: Morphological development, water discharge, and duration estimates, J. Geophys. Res., 111, E08070, doi:10.1029/2005JE002550. (Pubitemid 46164939)
51. Leask, H. J., L. Wilson, and K. L. Mitchell (2006b), Formation of Aromatum Chaos, Mars: Morphological development as a result of volcano-ice interactions, J. Geophys. Res., 111, E08071, doi:10.1029/2005JE002549. (Pubitemid 46164940)
52. Leask, H. J., L. Wilson, and K. L. Mitchell (2007a), Formation of Mangala Valles outflow channel, Mars: Morphological development and water discharge and duration estimates, J. Geophys. Res., 112, E08003, doi:10.1029/2006JE002851. (Pubitemid 47604099)
53. Leask, H. J., L. Wilson, and K. L. Mitchell (2007b), Formation of Mangala Fossa, the source of the Mangala Valles, Mars: Morphological development as a result of volcano-cryosphere interactions, J. Geophys. Res., 112, E02011, doi:10.1029/2005JE002644. (Pubitemid 47260939)
54. Liger-Belair, G., R. Marchal, B. Robillard, T. Dambrouck, A. Maujean, M. Vignes-Adlet, and P. Jeandet (2000), On the velocity of expanding spherical gas bubbles rising in line in supersaturated hydroalcoholic solutions: Applications to bubble trains in carbonated beverages, Langmuir, 16 (4), 1889-1895, doi:10.1021/la990653x. (Pubitemid 30590678)
55. Liger-Belair, G., G. Polidori, and P. Jeandet (2008), Recent advances in the science of champagne bubbles, Chem. Soc. Rev., 37 (11), 2490-2511, doi:10.1039/b717798b.
56. Lorenz, R. D. (2002), Thermodynamics of geysers: Application to Titan, Icarus, 156, 176-183, doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6779.
57. Malin, M. C, and K. S. Edgett (2000), Sedimentary rocks of early Mars, Science, 290, 1927-1937, doi:10.1126/science.290.5498.1927.
58. Manga, M. (2004), Martian floods at Cerberus Fossae can be produced by groundwater discharge, Geophys. Res. Lett, 31, L02702, doi:10.1029/2003GL018958.
59. McGetchin, T. R., and G. W. Ulrich (1973), Xenoliths in maars and diatremes with inferences for the Moon, Mars, and Venus, J. Geophys. Res., 78, 1833-1853, doi:10.1029/JB078i011p01833.
60. McGovern, P. J., S. C. Solomon, D. E. Smith, M. T. Zuber, M. Simons, M. A. Wieczorek, R. J. Phillips, G. A. Neumann, O. Aharonson, and J. W. Head (2002), Localised gravity/topography admittance and correlation spectra on Mars: Implications for regional and global evolution, J. Geophys. Res., 107 (E12), 5136, doi:10.1029/2002JE001854.
61. McKenzie, D., and F. Nimmo (1999), The generation of Martian floods by the melting of ground ice above dykes, Nature, 397, 231-233, doi:10.1038/16649. (Pubitemid 29051165)
62. Mest, S. C, and D. A. Crown (2001), Geology of the Reull Vallis region, Mars, Icarus, 153, 89-110, doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6655. (Pubitemid 33082515)
63. Mitchell, K. L. (2005), Coupled conduit flow and shape in explosive volcanic eruptions, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 143, 187-203, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.09.017. (Pubitemid 40757550)
64. Neather, A. C., L. Wilson, and A. S. Bargery (2008), Origin of ridged deposits proximal to Mangala Fossa, Mars, Lunar Planet. Sci., XXXIX, Abstract 1591.
65. 2-driven brine fountains at Mangala Valles, Mars, Lunar Planet. Sci., XL, Abstract 1154.
66. Ogawa, Y., Y. Yamagishi, and K. Kurita (2003), Evaluation of melting process of the permafrost on Mars: Its implication for surface features, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (E4), 8046, doi:10.1029/2002JE001886.
67. 2 ice cap and the formation of spiders, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (E8), 5084, doi:10.1029/2002JE002007.
68. Rinehart, J. S. (1980), Geysers and Geothermal Energy, 223 pp., Springer, New York.
69. Rodriguez, J. A. P., S. Sasaki, and H. Miyamoto (2003), Nature and hydrological relevance of the Shalbatana complex underground cavernous system, Geophys. Res. Lett, 30 (6), 1304, doi:10.1029/2002GL016547.
70. Schlichting, H. (1968), Boundary Layer Theory, 1st ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.
71. Smith, D. E., W. L. Sjogren, G. L. Tyler, G. Balmino, F. G. Lemoine, and A. S. Konopliv (1999), The gravity field of Mars: Results from Mars Global Surveyor, Science, 286, 94-97, doi:10.1126/science.286.5437.94. (Pubitemid 29484481)
72. Soderblom, L. A., S. W. Kieffer, T. L. Becker, R. H. Brown, A. F. Cook II, C. J. Hansen, T. V. Johnson, R. L. Kirk, and E. M. Shoemaker (1990), Triton's geyser-like plumes: Discovery and basic characterization, Science, 250, 410-415, doi:10.1126/science.250.4979.410.
73. Spanevello, M. D. (2001), The phylogeny of prokaryotes associated with Australia's Great Artesian Basin, Ph. D. thesis, 33 pp., Griffith Univ., Queensl., Australia.
74. Sparks, R. S. J. (1978), The dynamics of bubble formation and growth in magmas: A review and analysis, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 3, 1-37, doi:10.1016/0377-0273 (78) 90002-1.
75. Stewart, S. T., and F. Nimmo (2002), Surface runoff features on Mars: Testing the carbon dioxide formation hypothesis, Lunar Planet. Sci., XXXII, Abstract 1780.
76. Tanaka, K. L., and M. G. Chapman (1990), The relation of catastrophic flooding of Mangala Valles, Mars, to faulting of Memnonia Fossae and Tharsis volcanism, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 14, 315-14, 32.
77. Travis, B. J., and W. C. Feldman (2009), Salt deposits, ice lenses and convective brine aquifers on Mars, Lunar Planet. Sci., XL, Abstract 1315.
78. Travis, B. J., N. D. Rosenberg, and J. N. Cuzzi (2003), On the role of widespread subsurface convection in bringing liquid water close to Mars' surface, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (E4), 8040, doi:10.1029/2002JE001877.
79. Tschudin, K. (1946), Rate of evaporation of ice, Helv. Phys. Acta, 19, 91-102.
80. Vergniolle, S., and C. Jaupart (1986), Separated two-phase flow and basaltic eruptions, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 12, 842-12, 860, doi:10.1029/ JB091iB12p12842.
81. 40Ar in the plume, Nature, 460, 487-490, doi:10.1038/nature08153.
82. Waltham, T. (2001), Crystal Geyser: Utah's cold one, in Geol. Today, 17, 22-24, doi:10.1046j.1365-2451.2001.0008a.x.
83. Webster, J. D., and C. W. Mandeville (2007), Fluid immiscibility in volcanic environments, Rev. Mineral. Geochem., 65, 313-362, doi:10.2138/rmg. 2007.65.10.
84. Wilson, L. (1980), Relationships between pressure, volatile content and ejecta velocity in three types of volcanic explosion, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 8, 297-313, doi:10.1016/0377-0273 (80) 90110-9.
85. Wilson, L. (2009), Volcanism in the solar system, Nat. Geosci., 2, 389-397, doi:10.1038/ngeo529.
86. Wilson, L., and J. W. Head (1981), Ascent and eruption of basaltic magma on the Earth and Moon, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 2971-3001, doi:10.1029/ JB086iB04p02971.
87. Wilson, L., and J. W. Head (2002), Tharsis-radial graben systems as the surface manifestation of plume-related dike intrusion complexes: Models and implications, J. Geophys. Res., 107 (E8), 5057, doi:10.1029/2001JE001593.
88. Wilson, L., and J. W. Head (2004), Evidence for a massive phreatomagmatic eruption in the initial stages of formation of the Mangala Valles ouflow channel, Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L15701, doi:10.1029/2004GL020322. (Pubitemid 39428365)
89. Wilson, L., and S. E. Heslop (1990), Clast sizes in terrestrial and Martian ignimbrite lag deposits, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 17, 309-17, 314, doi:10.1029/JB095iB11p17309.
90. Wilson, L., and P. J. Mouginis-Mark (2003), Phreatomagmatic explosive origin of Hrad Vallis, Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (E8), 5082, doi:10.1029/2002JE001927.
91. Wilson, L., R. S. J. Sparks, and G. P. L. Walker (1980), Explosive volcanic eruptions: IV. The control of magma chamber and conduit geometry on eruption column behaviour, Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc., 63, 117-148.
92. Wilson, L., E. D. Scott, and J. W. Head (2001), Evidence for episodicity in the magma supply to the large Tharsis volcanoes, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 1423-1433, doi:10.1029/2000JE001280.
93. Wilson, L., A. S. Bargery, and D. M. Burr (2009), Dynamics of fluid flow in Martian channels, in Megaflooding on Earth and Mars: Morphology, Modeling, and Water Release Mechanisms, edited by D. M. Burr et al., pp. 290-311, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U. K.
94. Wood, A. B. (1941), A Textbook of Sound, 610 pp., Bell, London, U. K.
95. 2-driven lake eruptions, Nature, 379, 57-59.
96. Zimbelman, J. R., R. A. Craddock, R. Greeley, and R. O. Kuzmin (1992), Volatile history of Mangala Valles, Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 18, 309-18, 317, doi:10.1029/92JE02054.
97. Zuber, M., et al. (2000), Internal structure and early thermal evolution of Mars from Mars Global Surveyor topography and gravity, Science, 287, 1788-1793, doi:10.1126/science.287.5459.1788. (Pubitemid 30143958)