Flaxseed supplementation improves fatty acid profile of cow milk

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 93, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 2580-2588

  Caroprese, M ^a   Marzano, A ^a   Marino, R ^a   Gliatta, G ^a   Muscio, A ^a   Sevi, A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FOGGIA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Dairy cow; Fatty acid; Fish oil; Flaxseed

Indexed keywords

FATTY ACID; FISH OIL; LINOLEIC ACID; MONOUNSATURATED FATTY ACID; UNSATURATED FATTY ACID;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ANIMAL FOOD; ARTICLE; CATTLE; CHEMISTRY; DIET; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DRUG EFFECT; FLAX; MILK; SEASON;

ANIMAL FEED; ANIMALS; CATTLE; DIET; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; FATTY ACIDS, MONOUNSATURATED; FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED; FISH OILS; FLAX; LINOLEIC ACID; MILK; SEASONS;

ANIMALIA; BOS; FRIESIA;

EID: 77953007738     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: 15253198     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-2003     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Ahnadi C.E., Beswick N., Kennelly J.J., Lacasse P. Effect on mammary lipid metabolism. J. Anim. Sci. 1998, 76(Suppl. 1):232.
2. Official Methods of Analysis 1990, Vol. I. AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA. 15th ed.
3. Armstrong D.V. Heat stress interaction with shade and cooling. J. Dairy Sci. 1994, 77:2044-2050.
4. Bauman D.E., Corl B.A., Baumgard L.H., Griinari J.M. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and the dairy cow. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition 2001 2001, 221-250. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK. P.C. Garnsworthy, J. Wiseman (Eds.).
5. Baumgard L.H., Corl B.A., Dwyer D.A., Saebo A., Bauman D.E. Identification of the conjugated linoleic acid isomer that inhibits milk fat synthesis. Am. J. Physiol. 2000, 278:R179-R184.
6. Bu D.P., Wang J.Q., Dhiman T.R., Liu S.J. Effectiveness of oils rich in linoleic and linolenic acids to enhance conjugated linoleic acid in milk from dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2007, 90:998-1007.
7. Chan S.C., Huber J.T., Chen K.H., Simas J.M., Wu Z. Effects of ruminally inert fat and evaporative cooling on dairy cows in hot environmental temperatures. J. Dairy Sci. 1997, 80:1172-1178.
8. Chilliard Y., Doreau M. Effects of ruminal or postruminal fish oil supply on cow milk yield and composition. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 1997, 37:338-339.
9. Chilliard Y., Ferlay A., Doreau M. Effect of different types of forages, animal fat or marine oils in cow's diet on milk fat secretion and composition, especially conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2001, 70:31-48.
10. Crovetto G.M., van der Honing Y. Prediction of the energy content of milk from Friesian and Jersey cows with normal and high fat concentration. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl.) 1984, 51:88-97.
11. Drackley J.K., Cicela T.M., LaCount D.W. Responses of primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows to additional energy from fat or concentrate during summer. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:1306-1314.
12. Gonthier C., Mustafa A.F., Ouellet D.R., Chouinard P.Y., Berthiaume R., Petit H.V. Feeding micronized and extruded flaxseed to dairy cows: Effects on blood parameters and milk fatty acid composition. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:748-756.
13. Griinari J.M., Corl B.A., Lacy S.H., Chouinard P.Y., Nurmela K.V.V., Bauman D.E. Conjugated linolenic acid is synthesized endogenously in lactating dairy cows by Δ9-desaturase. J. Nutr. 2000, 130:2285-2291.
14. IDF. 1990. Determination of milk fat, protein and lactose content-Guide for the operation of mid-infrared instruments. FIL-IDF Standard no. 141B. International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
15. IDF. 1995. Enumeration of somatic cells. FIL-IDF Standard no. 148A. International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
16. Ikwuegbu O.A., Sutton J.D. The effect of varying the amount of linseed oil supplementation on rumen metabolism in sheep. Br. J. Nutr. 1982, 48:365-375.
17. ISO-IDF. 2002. Milk fat-Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters. International Standard ISO 15884-IDF 182:2002. International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
18. Kadzere C.T., Murphy M.R., Silanikove N., Maltz E. Heat stress in lactating dairy cows: A review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2002, 77:59-91.
19. Kelly C.F., Bond T.E. Bioclimatic Factors and Their Measurement. A Guide to Environmental Research on Animals 1971, Nat. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC.
20. Kelsey J.A., Corl B.A., Collier R.J., Bauman D.E. The effect of breed, parity, and stage of lactation on conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk fat from dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:2588-2597.
21. Kennelly J.J. The fatty acid composition of milk fat as influenced by feeding oilseeds. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 1996, 60:137-152.
22. Knapp D.M., Grummer R.R. Response of lactating dairy cows to fat supplementation during heat stress. J. Dairy Sci. 1991, 74:2573-2579.
23. Lacasse P., Kennelly J.J., Delbecchi L., Ahnadi C.E. Addition of protected and unprotected fish oil to diets for dairy cows. I. Effects on the yield, composition and taste of milk. J. Dairy Res. 2002, 69:511-520.
24. Liu Z.L., Chen P., Li J.M., Lin S.B., Wang D.M., Yang D.P. Effect of dietary sources of roasted oilseeds on blood parameters and milk fatty acid composition. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 2008, 53:219-226.
25. Loor J.J., Ferlay A., Ollier A., Doreau M., Chilliard Y. Relationship among trans and conjugated fatty acids and bovine milk fat yield due to dietary concentrate and linseed oil. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:726-740.
26. Luna P., Juárez J.M., de la Fuente M.A. Validation of a rapid milk fat separation method to determine the fatty acid profile by gas chromatography. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:3377-3381.
27. McGuire M.A., McGuire M.K. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA): A ruminant fatty acid with beneficial effects on human health. J. Anim. Sci. 2000, 77:1-8.
28. Moody E.G., Van Soest P.J., McDowell R.E., Ford G.L. Effect of high temperature and dietary fat on performance of lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1967, 50:1909-1916.
29. Moore C.E., Kay J.K., VanBaale M.J., Collier R.J., Baumgard L.H. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on heat stressed Brown Swiss and Holstein cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:1732-1740.
30. Mustafa A.F., Chouinard P.Y., Christensen D.A. Effects of feeding micronised flaxseed on yield and composition of milk from Holstein cows. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2003, 83:920-926.
31. Noakes M., Nestel P.J., Clifton P.M. Modifying the fatty acid profile of dairy products through feedlot technology lowers plasma cholesterol of humans consuming the products. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1996, 63:42-46.
32. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle 2001, NRC, Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC. 7th rev. ed.
33. Petit H.V. Digestion, milk production, milk composition, and blood composition of dairy cows fed formaldehyde treated flaxseed or sunflower seed. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:2637-2646.
34. Rego O.A., Rosa H.J.D., Portugal P., Cordeiro R., Borba A.E.S., Vouzela C.M., Bessa R.J.B. Influence of dietary fish oil on conjugated linoleic acid, omega-3 and other fatty acids in milk fat from grazing dairy cows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2005, 95:27-33.
35. Sarrazin P., Mustafa A.F., Chouinard P.Y., Raghavan G., Sotocinal S. Performance of dairy cows fed roasted sunflower seed. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2004, 84:1179-1185.
36. SAS Institute. 1999. SAS User's Guide: Statistics. Version 8.1. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
37. Shapiro S.S., Wilk M. An analysis of variance test for normality. Biometrika 1965, 52:591-601.
38. Shingfield K.J., Ahvenjrvi S., Toivonen V., Ärölä A., Nurmela K.V.V., Huhtanen P., Griinari J.M. Effect of fish oil on biohydrogenation of fatty acids and milk fatty acid content in cows. Anim. Sci. 2003, 77:165-179.
39. Silanikove N. Effects of water scarcity and hot environment on appetite and digestion in ruminants: A review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 1992, 30:175-194.
40. Soita H.W., Meier J.A., Fehr M., Yu P., Christensen D.A., McKinnon J.J., Mustafa A.F. Effects of flaxseed supplementation on milk production, milk fatty acid composition and nutrient utilization by lactating dairy cows. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 2003, 57:107-116.
41. Sukhija P.S., Palmquist D.L. Rapid method for determination of total fatty acid content and composition of feedstuffs and feces. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1988, 36:1202-1206.
42. Ulbricht T.L.V., Southgate D.A.T. Coronary heart disease: Seven dietary factors. Lancet 1991, 338:985-992.
43. Ward A.T., Wittenberg K.M., Przybylski R. Bovine milk fatty acid profiles produced by feeding diets containing solin, flax and canola. J. Dairy Sci. 2002, 85:1191-1196.
44. West J.W., Hill G.M., Fernandez J.M., Mandebvu P., Mullinix B.G. Effects of dietary fiber on intake, milk yield, and digestion by lactating dairy cows during cool or hot, humid weather. J. Dairy Sci. 1999, 82:2455-2465.
45. Zheng H.C., Liu J.X., Yao J.H., Yuan Q., Ye H.W., Ye J.A., Wu Y.M. Effects of dietary sources of vegetable oils on performance of high-yielding lactating cows and conjugated linoleic acids in milk. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:2037-2042.