Global spread of the hylEfm colonization-virulence gene in megaplasmids of the Enterococcus faecium CC17 polyclonal subcluster

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Volumn 54, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 2660-2665

  Freitas, Ana R ^a,b   Tedim, Ana P ^a,c   Novais, Carla ^b,d   Ruiz Garbajosa, Patricia ^a,c   Werner, Guido ^e   Laverde Gomez, Jenny A ^e   Cantón, Rafael ^a,c,f   Peixe, Luísa ^b   Baquero, Fernando ^a,c,f   Coque, Teresa M ^a,c,f  

^a INSTITUTO RAMÓN Y CAJAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN SANITARIA IRYCIS   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PORTO   (Portugal)

^c CSIC   (Spain)

^d UNIVERSIDADE FERNANDO PESSOA   (Portugal)

^e ROBERT KOCH INSTITUTE   (Germany)

^f CIBER EPIDEMIOLOGÍA Y SALUD PÚBLICA CIBERESP   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPICILLIN; GLYCOSIDASE; HELICASE; VANCOMYCIN;

AFRICA; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ARTICLE; ASIA; AUSTRALIA; BACTEREMIA; BACTERIAL COLONIZATION; BACTERIAL GENE; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM; EPIDEMIC; ERMB GENE; EUROPE; HUMAN; HYL GENE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MULTILOCUS SEQUENCE TYPING; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PANDEMIC; PLASMID; POULTRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULSED FIELD GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; SWINE; VANA GENE; VANB GENE;

AMPICILLIN RESISTANCE; ANIMALS; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; CROSS INFECTION; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM; ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY; GENES, BACTERIAL; GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES; GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; HUMANS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PLASMIDS; POULTRY; SWINE; VANCOMYCIN RESISTANCE; VIRULENCE;

EID: 77952594598     PISSN: 00664804     EISSN: 10986596     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00134-10     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Abbassi, M. S., A. Znazen, F. Mahjoubi, A. Hammami, and A. Ben Hassen. 2007. Emergence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in Sfax: clinical features and molecular typing. Med. Mal. Infect. 37:240-241.
2. Efm- containing virulence plasmid in Enterococcus faecium. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53:4240-4246.
3. Bartley, P. B., J. M. Schooneveldt, D. F. Looke, A. Morton, D. W. Johnson, and G. R. Nimmo. 2001. The relationship of a clonal outbreak of Enterococcus faecium vanA to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus incidence in an Australian hospital. J. Hosp. Infect. 48:43-54.
4. Barton, B. M., G. P. Harding, and A. J. Zuccarelli. 1995. A general method for detecting and sizing large plasmids. Anal. Biochem. 226:235-240.
5. Biavasco, F., G. Foglia, C. Paoletti, G. Zandri, G. Magi, E. Guaglianone, A. Sundsfjord, C. Pruzzo, G. Donelli, and B. Facinelli. 2007. VanA-type enterococci from humans, animals, and food: species distribution, population structure, Tn1546 typing and location, and virulence determinants. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:3307-3319.
6. Böröcz, K., E. Szilágyi, A. Kurcz, B. Libisch, K. Glatz, and M. Gacs. 2005. First vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium outbreak reported in Hungary. Euro Surveill. 10:E050127.1.
7. Bublitz, M., L. Polle, C. Holland, D. W. Heinz, M. Nimtz, and W. Schubert. 2009. Structural basis for autoinhibition and activation of Auto, a virulence-associated peptidoglycan hydrolase of Listeria monocytogenes. Mol. Microbiol. 71:1509-1522.
8. Carias, L. L., S. D. Rudin, C. J. Donskey, and L. B. Rice. 1998. Genetic linkage and cotransfer of a novel, vanB-containing transposon (Tn5382) and a low-affinity penicillin-binding protein 5 gene in a clinical vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolate. J. Bacteriol. 180:4426-4434.
9. Christiansen, K. J., P. A. Tibbett, W. Beresford, J. W. Pearman, R. C. Lee, G. W. Coombs, I. D. Kay, F. G. O'Brien, S. Palladino, C. R. Douglas, P. D. Montgomery, T. Orrell, A. M. Peterson, F. P. Kosaras, J. P. Flexman, C. H. Heath, and C. A. McCullough. 2004. Eradication of a large outbreak of a single strain of vanB vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium at a major Australian teaching hospital. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 25:384-390.
10. Coque, T. M., R. J. Willems, J. Fortún, J. Top, S. Diz, E. Loza, R. Cantón, and F. Baquero. 2005. Population structure of Enterococcus faecium causing bacteremia in a Spanish university hospital: setting the scene for a future increase in vancomycin resistance? Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49:2693-2700.
11. Damani, A., D. Klapsa, M. Panopoulou, I. Spiliopoulou, K. Pantelidi, E. Malli, F. Kolonitsiou, S. Grapsa, E. Alepopoulou, F. Frantzidou, E. Vlahaki, C. Koutsia-Carouzou, H. Malamou-Lada, L. Zerva, S. Kartali-Ktenidou, E. D. Anastassiou, A. N. Maniatis, and E. Petinaki. 2010. A newly described vancomycin-resistant ST412 Enterococcus faecium predominant in Greek hospitals. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 29:329-331.
12. del Campo, R., C. Tenorio, R. Jiménez-Díaz, C. Rubio, R. Gómez-Lus, F. Baquero, and C. Torres. 2001. Bacteriocin production in vancomycin-resistant and vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus isolates of different origins. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45:905-912.
13. Drews, S. J., S. E. Richardson, R. Wray, R. Freeman, C. Goldman, L. Streitenberger, D. Stevens, C. Goia, D. Kovach, J. Brophy, and A. G. Matlow. 2008. An outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in an acute care pediatric hospital: lessons from environmental screening and a casecontrol study. Can. J. Infect. Dis. Med. Microbiol. 19:233-236.
14. Dukta-Malen, S., S. Evers, and P. Courvalin. 1995. Detection of glycopeptide resistance genotypes and identification to the species level of clinically relevant enterococci by PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:24-27.
15. Fisseha, M., and F. Arigoni. 2005. Beyond genome sequences: approaches to genome-wide analysis of gut bacteria, p. 97-128. In G. W. Tannock (ed.), Probiotics and prebiotics: scientific aspects. Caister Academic Press, Wymondham, United Kingdom.
16. Freitas, A. R., C. Novais, F. Baquero, T. M. Coque, and L. Peixe. 2009. International spread of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (CC17, CC5) and Enterococcus faecalis CC2 among animals and humans, P-840. Abstr. 19th Eur. Congr. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Helsinki, Finland.
17. Freitas, A. R., C. Novais, P. Ruiz-Garbajosa, T. M. Coque, and L. Peixe. 2009. Dispersion of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates belonging to major clonal complexes in different Portuguese settings. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75:4904-4908.
18. Galloway-Peña, J. R., S. R. Nallapareddy, C. A. Arias, G. M. Eliopoulos, and B. E. Murray. 2009. Analysis of clonality and antibiotic resistance among early clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium in the United States. J. Infect. Dis. 200:1566-1573.
19. Hasman, H., A. G. Villadsen, and F. M. Aarestrup. 2005. Diversity and stability of plasmids from glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium (GRE) isolated from pigs in Denmark. Microb. Drug Resist. 11:178-184.
20. Heaton, M. P., and S. Handwerger. 1995. Conjugative mobilization of a vancomycin resistance plasmid by a putative Enterococcus faecium sex pheromone response plasmid. Microb. Drug Resist. 1:177-183.
21. Homan, W. L., D. Tribe, S. Poznanski, M. Li, G. Hogg, E. Spalburg, J. D. van Embden, and R. J. Willems. 2002. Multilocus sequence typing scheme for Enterococcus faecium. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40:1963-1971.
22. Hynes, W. L., and S. L. Walton. 2000. Hyaluronidases of gram-positive bacteria. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 183:201-207.
23. Jensen, L. B., L. Garcia-Migura, A. J. Valenzuela, M. Løhr, H. Hasman, and F. M. Aarestrup. 2010. A classification system for plasmids from enterococci and other Gram-positive bacteria. J. Microbiol. Methods 80:25-43.
24. Kaufmann, M. E. 1998. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, p. 17-31. In N. Woodford and A. P. Johnson (ed.), Methods in molecular medicine. Molecular bacteriology: protocols and clinical applications, vol.15. Humana Press, Inc., Totowa, NJ.
25. Kawalec, M., J. Kedzierska, A. Gajda, E. Sadowy, J. Wegrzyn, S. Naser, A. B. Skotnicki, M. Gniadkowski, and W. Hryniewicz. 2007. Hospital outbreak of vancomycin-resistant enterococci caused by a single clone of Enterococcus raffinosus and several clones of Enterococcus faecium. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 13:893-901.
26. Khan, M. A., M. van der Wal, D. J. Farrell, L. Cossins, A. van Belkum, A. Alaidan, and J. P. Hays. 2008. Analysis of VanA vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates from Saudi Arabian hospitals reveals the presence of clonal cluster 17 and two new Tn1546 lineage types. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 62:279-283.
27. Leavis, H. L., M. J. Bonten, and R. J. Willems. 2006. Identification of high-risk enterococcal clonal complexes: global dispersion and antibiotic resistance. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 9:454-460.
28. Libisch, B., Z. Lepsanovic, J. Top, M. Muzslay, M. Konkoly-Thege, M. Gacs, B. Balogh, M. Fuzi, and R. J. Willems. 2008. Molecular characterization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. clinical isolates from Hungary and Serbia. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 40:778-784.
29. Lim, J. A., A. R. Kwon, S. K. Kim, Y. Chong, K. Lee, and E. C. Choi. 2002. Prevalence of resistance to macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin antibiotics in gram-positive cocci isolated in a Korean hospital. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 49:489-495.
30. Liu, S. L., A. Hessel, and K. E. Sanderson. 1993. Genomic mapping with I-Ceu I, an intron-encoded endonuclease specific for genes for ribosomal RNA, in Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, and other bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 90:6874-6878.
31. MacLellan, S. R., C. D. Sibley, and T. M. Finan. 2004. Second chromosomes and megaplasmids in bacteria, p. 529-542. In B. E. Funnell and G. J. Phillips (ed.), Plasmid biology. ASM Press, Washington, DC.
32. Mato, R., H. de Lencastre, R. B. Roberts, and A. Tomasz. 1996. Multiplicity of genetic backgrounds among vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates recovered from an outbreak in a New York City hospital. Microb. Drug Resist. 2:309-317.
33. Naser, S., F. L. Thompson, B. Hoste, D. Gevers, K. Vandemeulebroecke, I. Cleenwerck, C. C. Thompson, M. Vancanneyt, and J. Swings. 2005. Phylogeny and identification of enterococci by atpA gene sequence analysis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43:2224-2230.
34. Novais, C., A. R. Freitas, J. C. Sousa, F. Baquero, T. M. Coque, and L. V. Peixe. 2008. Diversity of Tn1546 and its role in the dissemination of vancomcyin-resistant enterococci in Portugal. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52:1001-1008.
35. Novais, C., J. C. Sousa, T. M. Coque, and L. V. Peixe. 2005. Molecular characterization of glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates from Portuguese hospitals. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49:3073-3079.
36. Novais, C., T. M. Coque, H. Ferreira, J. C. Sousa, and L. Peixe. 2005. Environmental contamination with vancomycin-resistant enterococci from hospital sewage in Portugal. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71:3364-3368.
37. Paulsen, I. T., L. Banerjei, G. S. Myers, K. E. Nelson, R. Seshadri, T. D. Read, D. E. Fouts, J. A. Eisen, S. R. Gill, J. F. Heidelberg, H. Tettelin, R. J. Dodson, L. Umayam, L. Brinkac, M. Beanan, S. Daugherty, R. T. DeBoy, S. Durkin, J. Kolonay, R. Madupu, W. Nelson, J. Vamathevan, B. Tran, J. Upton, T. Hansen, J. Shetty, H. Khouri, T. Utterback, D. Radune, K. A. Ketchum, B. A. Dougherty, and C. M. Fraser. 2003. Role of mobile DNA in the evolution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. Science 299: 2071-2074.
38. Poyart, C., and P. Trieu-Cout. 1994. Heterogeneric conjugal transfer of the pheromone-responsive plasmid pIP964 (IncHlyI) of Enterococcus faecalis in the apparent absence of pheromone induction. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 122: 173-179.
39. Rice, L. B., L. Carias, S. Rudin, C. Vael, H. Goossens, C. Konstabel, I. Klare, S. R. Nallapareddy, W. Huang, and B. E. Murray. 2003. A potential virulence gene, hylEfm, predominates in Enterococcus faecium of clinical origin. J. Infect. Dis. 187:508-512.
40. Rice, L. B., V. Lakticova, L. L. Carias, S. Rudin, R. Hutton, and S. H. Marshall. 2009. Transferable capacity for gastrointestinal colonization in Enterococcus faecium in a mouse model. J. Infect. Dis. 199:342-349.
41. Rosvoll, T. C., T. Pedersen, H. Sletvold, P. J. Johnsen, J. E. Sollid, G. S. Simonsen, L. B. Jensen, K. M. Nielsen, and A. Sundsfjord. 2010. PCR-based plasmid typing in Enterococcus faecium strains reveals widely distributed pRE25-, pRUM-, pIP501- and pHTβ-related replicons associated with glycopeptide resistance and stabilizing toxin-antitoxin systems. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. [Epub ahead of print.] doi:10.1111/j.1574-695X.2009.00633.x.
42. Routsi, C., E. Platsouka, R. J. Willems, M. J. Bonten, O. Paniara, G. Saroglou, and C. Roussos. 2003. Detection of enterococcal surface protein gene (esp) and amplified fragment length polymorphism typing of glycopeptide- resistant Enterococcus faecium during its emergence in a Greek intensive care unit. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41:5742-5746.
43. Sambrook, J., E. Frisch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
44. Schell, M. A., M. Karmirantzou, B. Snel, D. Vilanova, B. Berger, G. Pessi, M. C. Zwahlen, F. Desiere, P. Bork, M. Delley, R. D. Pridmore, and F. Arigoni. 2002. The genome sequence of Bifidobacterium longum reflects its adaptation to the human gastrointestinal tract. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99:14422-14427.
45. Sheldon, W. L., M. S. Macauley, E. J. Taylor, C. E. Robinson, S. J. Charnock, G. J. Davies, D. J. Vocadlo, and G. W. Black. 2006. Functional analysis of a group A streptococcal glycoside hydrolase Spy1600 from family 84 reveals it is a β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and not a hyaluronidase. Biochem. J. 399:241-247.
46. Teixeira, L. M., R. R. Facklam, A. G. Steigerwalt, N. E. Pigott, V. L. Merquior, and D. J. Brenner. 1995. Correlation between phenotypic characteristics and DNA relatedness within Enterococcus faecium strains. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:1520-1523.
47. Treitman, A. N., P. R. Yarnold, J. Warren, and G. A. Noskin. 2005. Emerging incidence of Enterococcus faecium among hospital isolates (1993 to 2002). J. Clin. Microbiol. 43:462-463.
48. Vankerckhoven, V., G. Huys, M. Vancanneyt, C. Snauwaert, J. Swings, I. Klare, W. Witte, T. Van Autgaerden, S. Chapelle, C. Lammens, and H. Goossens. 2008. Genotypic diversity, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence factors of human isolates and probiotic cultures constituting two intraspecific groups of Enterococcus faecium isolates. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74:4247-4255.
49. Vankerckhoven, V., T. van Autgaerden, C. Vael, C. Lammens, S. Chapelle, R. Rossi, D. Jabes, and H. Goossens. 2004. Development of a multiplex PCR for the detection of asa1, gelE, cylA, esp, and hyl genes in enterococci and survey for virulence determinants among European hospital isolates of Enterococcus faecium. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42:4473-4479.
50. Weaver, K. E., S. M. Kwong, N. Firth, and M. V. Francia. 2009. The RepA-N replicons of Gram-positive bacteria: a family of broadly distributed but narrow host range plasmids. Plasmid 61:94-109.
51. Weaver, K. E., L. B. Rice, and G. Churchward. 2002. Plasmids and transposons, p. 219-264. In M. S. Gilmore, D. B. Clewell, P. Courvalin, G. M. Dunny, B. E. Murray, and L. B. Rice (ed.), The enterococci: pathogenesis, molecular biology and antibiotic resistance. ASM Press, Washington, DC.
52. Werner, G., I. Klare, and W. Witte. 1999. Large conjugative vanA plasmids in vancomycin-resistant E. faecium. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37:2383-2384.
53. Werner, G., I. Klare, and W. Witte. 2007. The current MLVA typing scheme for Enterococcus faecium is less discriminatory than MLST and PFGE for epidemic-virulent, hospital-adapted clonal types. BMC Microbiol. 7:28.
54. Werner, G., T. M. Coque, A. M. Hammerum, R. Hope, W. Hryniewicz, A. Johnson, I. Klare, K. G. Kristinsson, R. Leclercq, C. H. Lester, M. Lillie, C. Novais, B. Olsson-Liljequist, L. V. Peixe, E. Sadowy, G. S. Simonsen, J. Top, J. Vuopio-Varkila, R. J. Willems, W. Witte, and N. Woodford. 2008. Emergence and spread of vancomycin resistance among enterococci in Europe. Euro Surveill. 13(pii):19046.
55. Willems, R. J. L., and W. van Schaik. 2009. Transition of Enterococcus faecium from commensal organism to nosocomial pathogen. Future Microbiol. 4:1125-1135.
56. Zhang, X., J. E. P. Vrijenhoek, M. J. M. Bonten, R. J. Willems, and W. van Schaik. 2009. A large conjugative plasmid confers the ability to utilize α-galactoside sugars as carbon source in E. faecium, p. 34. Abstr. ESCMID Conf. Enterococci. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Barcelona, Spain.