Exposure to Phthalates and Breast Cancer risk in Northern Mexico

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 118, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 539-544

  López Carrillo, Lizbeth ^a   Hernández Ramírez, Raúl U ^a   Calafat, Antonia M ^b   Torres Sánchez, Luisa ^a   Galván Portillo, Marcia ^a   Needham, Larry L ^b   Ruiz Ramos, Rubén ^c   Cebrián, Mariano E ^c  

^a INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD PÚBLICA   (Mexico)

^b NATIONAL CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH   (United States)

^c DEPARTAMENTO DE FÍSICA   (Mexico)

Author keywords

Breast cancer; Case control study; Endocrine disruptors; Environment; Mexico; Phthalates; Risk assessment; Urinary metabolites

Indexed keywords

MONO N BUTYL PHTHALATE; MONO(2 ETHYL 5 OXOHEXYL)PHTHALATE; MONO(3 CARBOXYPROPYL)PHTHALATE; MONOBENZYL PHTHALATE; PHTHALIC ACID DERIVATIVE; PHTHALIC ACID ETHYL ESTER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER RISK; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN; ISOTOPE DILUTION ASSAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEXICO; POPULATION RISK; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; URINALYSIS;

BREAST NEOPLASMS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MEXICO; MIDDLE AGED; PHTHALIC ACIDS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 77951677113     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0901091     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Adibi JJ, Hauser R, Williams PL, Whyatt RM, Calafat AM, Nelson H, et al. 2009. Maternal urinary metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in relation to the timing of labor in a US multicenter pregnancy cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 169:1015-1024.
2. Adibi JJ, Whyatt RM, Williams PL, Calafat AM, Camann D, Herrick R, et al. 2008. Characterization of phthalate exposure among pregnant women assessed by repeat air and urine samples. Environ Health Perspect 116:467-473.
3. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Diethyl Phthalate. Atlanta, GA:Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.
4. Anderson D, Yu TW, Hincal F. 1999. Effect of some phthalate esters in human cells in the comet assay. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 19:275-280.
5. Api AM. 2001. Toxicological profile of diethyl phthalate: a vehicle for fragrance and cosmetic ingredients. Food Chem Toxicol 39:97-108.
6. Barr DB, Wilder LC, Caudill SP, Gonzalez AJ, Needham LL, Pirkle JL. 2005. Urinary creatinine concentrations in the U.S. population: implications for urinary biologic monitoring measurements. Environ Health Perspect 113:192-200.
7. Berman T, Hochner-Celnikier D, Calafat AM, Needham LL, Amitai Y, Wormser U, et al. 2009. Phthalate exposure among pregnant women in Jerusalem, Israel: results of a pilot study. Environ Int 35:353-357.
8. Bility MT, Thompson JT, McKee RH, David RM, Butala JH, Vanden Heuvel JP, et al. 2004. Activation of mouse and human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) by phthalate monoesters. Toxicol Sci 82:170-182.
9. Calafat AM, Silva MJ, Reidy JA, Gray LE, Samandar E, Preau JLJ, et al. 2006. Mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate, a metabolite of di-n-octyl phthalate. J Toxicol Environ Health 69:215-227.
10. Cao XL. 2008. Determination of phthalates and adipate in bottled water by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1178:231-238.
11. CDC. 2005. Third National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals. Atlanta, GA:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
12. Chingin K, Chen H, Gamez G, Zhu L, Zenobi R. 2009. Detection of diethyl phthalate in perfumes by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 81:2414.
13. Cobellis L, Latini G, De Felice C, Razzi S, Paris I, Ruggieri F, et al. 2003. High plasma concentrations of di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate in women with endometriosis. Hum Reprod 18:1512-1515.
14. Corton JC, Lapinskas PJ. 2005. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: mediators of phthalate ester-induced effects in the male reproductive tract? Toxicol Sci 83:4-17.
15. Cosmetic Ingredient Review. 2003. Scientific Literature Review. Dibutyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, and diethyl phthalate. Washington, DC:Cosmetic Ingredient Review.
16. David RM, Gans G. 2003. Summary of mammalian toxicology and health effects of phthalate esters. In: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry (Hutzinger O, Staples CA, eds). Vol 3Q/2002. Berlin:Springer, 299-316.
17. Duty SM, Ackerman RM, Calafat AM, Hauser R. 2005. Personal care product use predicts urinary concentrations of some phthalate monoesters. Environ Health Perspect 113:1530-1535.
18. Duty SM, Singh NP, Silva MJ, Barr DB, Brock JW, Ryan L, et al. 2003. The relationship between environmental exposures to phthalates and DNA damage in human sperm using the neutral comet assay. Environ Health Perspect 111:1164-1169.
19. Elstner E, Muller C, Koshizuka K, Williamson EA, Park D, Asou H, et al. 1998. Ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorgamma and retinoic acid receptor inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in BNX mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:8806-8811.
20. Feige JN, Gelman L, Rossi D, Zoete V, Metivier R, Tudor C, et al. 2007. The endocrine disruptor monoethyl-hexyl-phthalate is a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma modulator that promotes adipogenesis. J Biol Chem 282:19152-19166.
21. Frederiksen H, Skakkebaek NE, Andersson AM. 2007. Metabolism of phthalates in humans. Mol Nutr Food Res 51:899-911.
22. Hatch EE, Nelson JW, Qureshi MM, Weinberg J, Moore LL, Singer M, et al. 2008. Association of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations with body mass index and waist circumference: a cross-sectional study of NHANES data, 1999-2002. Environ Health 7:27; doi:10.1186/1476-069X-7-27 [Online 3 June 2008].
23. Hauser R, Calafat AM. 2005. Phthalates and human health. Occup Environ Med 62:806-818.
24. Hauser R, Meeker JD, Singh NP, Silva MJ, Ryan L, Duty S, et al. 2007. DNA damage in human sperm is related to urinary levels of phthalate monoester and oxidative metabolites. Hum Reprod 22:688-695.
25. Health Care without Harm. 2002. Pretty Nasty: Phthalates in European Cosmetics. Reston, VA:Health Care Without Harm. Available: http://www.noharm.org/all_regions/resources/contact/ [accessed 30 January 2009].
26. Hines EP, Calafat AM, Silva MJ, Mendola P, Fenton SE. 2009. Concentrations of phthalate metabolites in milk, urine, saliva, and serum of lactating North Carolina women. Environ Health Perspect 117:86-92.
27. Hogberg J, Hanberg A, Berglund M, Skerfving S, Remberger M, Calafat AM, et al. 2008. Phthalate diesters and their metabolites in human breast milk, blood or serum, and urine as biomarkers of exposure in vulnerable populations. Environ Health Perspect 116:334-339.
28. Houlihan J, Brody C, Schwan B. 2002. Not Too Pretty. Phthalates, Beauty Products and the FDA. Washington, DC:Environmental Working Group. Available: http://www.safecosmetics.org/downloads/NotTooPretty_report.pdf [4 March 2010].
29. Huang PC, Kuo PL, Guo YL, Liao PC, Lee CC. 2007. Associations between urinary phthalate monoesters and thyroid hormones in pregnant women. Hum Reprod 22:2715-2722.
30. Hurst CH, Waxman DJ. 2003. Activation of PPARalpha and PPARgamma by environmental phthalate monoesters. Toxicol Sci 74:297-308.
31. Janjua NR, Frederiksen H, Skakkebaek NE, Wulf HC, Andersson AM. 2008. Urinary excretion of phthalates and paraben after repeated whole-body topical application in humans. Int J Androl 31(2):118-130.
32. Janjua NR, Mortensen GK, Andersson AM, Kongshoj B, Skakkebaek NE, Wulf HC. 2007. Systemic uptake of diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and butyl paraben following whole-body topical application and reproductive and thyroid hormone levels in humans. Environ Sci Technol 41:5564-5570.
33. Kang SC, Lee BM. 2005. DNA methylation of estrogen receptor alpha gene by phthalates. J Toxicol Environ Health A 68:1995-2003.
34. Kato K, Silva MJ, Needham LL, Calafat AM. 2005. Determination of 16 phthalate metabolites in urine using automated sample preparation and on-line preconcentration/high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 77:2985-2991.
35. Kleinsasser NH, Kastenbauer ER, Weissacher H, Muenzenrieder RK, Harreus UA. 2000. Phthalates demonstrate genotoxicity on human mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract. Environ Mol Mutagen 35:9-12.
36. Koo HJ, Lee BM. 2004. Estimated exposure to phthalates in cosmetics and risk assessment. J Toxicol Environ Health A 67:1901-1914.
37. Meeker JD, Calafat AM, Hauser R. 2007. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites may alter thyroid hormone levels in men. Environ Health Perspect 115:1029-1034.
38. Mint A, Hotchkiss SAM, Caldwell J. 1994. Percutaneous absorption of diethyl phthalate through rat and human skin in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 8:251-256.
39. Mueller E, Sarraf P, Tontonoz P, Evans RM, Martin KJ, Zhang Met al. 1998. Terminal differentiation of human breast cancer through PPAR gamma. Mol Cell 1:465-470.
40. National Research Council. 2008. Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment: The Task Ahead. Washington, DC:National Academies Press.
41. Peck JD, Sweeney AM, Symanski E, Gardiner J, Silva MJ, Calafat AM, et al. 2010. Intra- and inter-individual variability of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in Hmong women of reproductive age. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 20(1):90-100.
42. Reddy BS, Rozati R, Reddy BV, Raman NV. 2006a. Association of phthalate esters with endometriosis in Indian women. BJOG 113:515-520.
43. Reddy BS, Rozati R, Reddy S, Kodampur S, Reddy P, Reddy R. 2006b. High plasma concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls and phthalate esters in women with endometriosis: a prospective case control study. Fertil Steril 85:775-779.
44. Rockhill B, Weinberg CR, Newman B. 1998. Population attributable fraction estimation for established breast cancer risk factors: considering the issues of high prevalence and unmodifiability. Am J Epidemiol 147:826-833.
45. Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-food Products. 2002. Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-food Products Intended for Consumers Concerning Diethyl Phthalate. Available: http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/sccp/documents/out168_en.pdf [accessed 4 March 2010].
46. Scott RC, Dugard PH, Ramsey JD, Rhodes C. 1987. In vitro absorption of some o-phthalate diesters through human and rat skin. Environ Health Perspect 74:223-227.
47. Silva MJ, Barr DB, Reidy JA, Kato K, Malek NA, Hodge CC, et al. 2003. Glucuronidation patterns of common urinary and serum monoester phthalate metabolites. Arch Toxicol 77:561-567.
48. Swan SH. 2008. Environmental phthalate exposure in relation to reproductive outcomes and other health endpoints in humans. Environ Res 108:177-184.
49. Swan SH, Main KM, Liu F, Stewart SL, Kruse RL, Calafat AM, et al. 2005. Decrease in anogenital distance among male infants with prenatal phthalate exposure. Environ Health Perspect 113:1056-1061.
50. Tapia-Conyer R, Gutierrez G, Sepulveda J. 1992. Methodology of the National Seroepidemiologic Survey, Mexico [in Spanish]. Salud Publica Mex 34:124-135.
51. Venkata NG, Robinson JA, Cabot PJ, Davis B, Monteith GR, Roberts-Thomson SJ. 2006. Mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and mono-n-butyl phthalate activation of peroxisome proliferator activated-receptors alpha and gamma in breast. Toxicol Lett 163:224-234.
52. Wolff MS, Engel SM, Berkowitz GS, Ye X, Silva MJ, Zhu C, et al. 2008. Prenatal phenol and phthalate exposures and birth outcomes. Environ Health Perspect 116:1092-1097.
53. World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research. 2007. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective. Washington, DC:American Institute for Cancer Research.
54. Wormuth M, Scheringer M, Vollenweider M, Hungerbuhler K. 2006. What are the sources of exposure to eight frequently used phthalic acid esters in Europeans? Risk Anal 26:803-824.