메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 63, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1036-1046

Engineering three-dimensional cartilage- and bone-like tissues using human dermal fibroblasts and macroporous gelatine microcarriers

Author keywords

Chondrogenesis; Dermal fibroblast; Microcarrier; Osteogenesis; Regenerative medicine; Tissue engineering

Indexed keywords

AGGRECAN; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; GELATIN; OSTEOCALCIN; OSTEONECTIN;

EID: 77951667371     PISSN: 17486815     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2009.02.072     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (55)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 0028031550 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of deep cartilage defects in the knee with autologous chondrocyte transplantation
    • Brittberg M., Lindahl A., Nilsson A., et al. Treatment of deep cartilage defects in the knee with autologous chondrocyte transplantation. N Engl J Med 331 (1994) 889-895
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.331 , pp. 889-895
    • Brittberg, M.1    Lindahl, A.2    Nilsson, A.3
  • 2
    • 0025685222 scopus 로고
    • Subchondral bone drilling: a treatment for cartilage defects
    • Beiser I.H., and Kanat I.O. Subchondral bone drilling: a treatment for cartilage defects. J Foot Surg 29 (1990) 595-601
    • (1990) J Foot Surg , vol.29 , pp. 595-601
    • Beiser, I.H.1    Kanat, I.O.2
  • 3
    • 0035009215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microfracture techniques in the treatment of osteochondral injuries
    • Sledge S.L. Microfracture techniques in the treatment of osteochondral injuries. Clin Sports Med 20 (2001) 365-377
    • (2001) Clin Sports Med , vol.20 , pp. 365-377
    • Sledge, S.L.1
  • 4
    • 34547681854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A tissue engineering approach to bone repair in large animal models and in clinical practice
    • Cancedda R., Giannoni P., and Mastrogiacomo M. A tissue engineering approach to bone repair in large animal models and in clinical practice. Biomaterials 28 (2007) 4240-4250
    • (2007) Biomaterials , vol.28 , pp. 4240-4250
    • Cancedda, R.1    Giannoni, P.2    Mastrogiacomo, M.3
  • 5
    • 4544238870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo tissue engineering of bone using poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid) and collagen scaffolds
    • Kose G.T., Korkusuz F., Korkusuz P., et al. In vivo tissue engineering of bone using poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid) and collagen scaffolds. Tissue Eng 10 (2004) 1234-1250
    • (2004) Tissue Eng , vol.10 , pp. 1234-1250
    • Kose, G.T.1    Korkusuz, F.2    Korkusuz, P.3
  • 6
    • 0033515827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells
    • Pittenger M.F., Mackay A.M., Beck S.C., et al. Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells. Science 284 (1999) 143-147
    • (1999) Science , vol.284 , pp. 143-147
    • Pittenger, M.F.1    Mackay, A.M.2    Beck, S.C.3
  • 7
    • 0031012411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osteogenic differentiation of purified, culture-expanded human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro
    • Jaiswal N., Haynesworth S.E., Caplan A.I., et al. Osteogenic differentiation of purified, culture-expanded human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. J Cell Biochem 64 (1997) 295-312
    • (1997) J Cell Biochem , vol.64 , pp. 295-312
    • Jaiswal, N.1    Haynesworth, S.E.2    Caplan, A.I.3
  • 8
    • 0034737742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to the osteogenic or adipogenic lineage is regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase
    • Jaiswal R.K., Jaiswal N., Bruder S.P., et al. Adult human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to the osteogenic or adipogenic lineage is regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem 275 (2000) 9645-9652
    • (2000) J Biol Chem , vol.275 , pp. 9645-9652
    • Jaiswal, R.K.1    Jaiswal, N.2    Bruder, S.P.3
  • 9
    • 0030889354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marrow stromal cells as stem cells for nonhematopoietic tissues
    • Prockop D.J. Marrow stromal cells as stem cells for nonhematopoietic tissues. Science 276 (1997) 71-74
    • (1997) Science , vol.276 , pp. 71-74
    • Prockop, D.J.1
  • 10
    • 0032425950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The chondrogenic potential of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells
    • Yoo J.U., Barthel T.S., Nishimura K., et al. The chondrogenic potential of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells. J Bone Joint Surg Am 80 (1998) 1745-1757
    • (1998) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.80 , pp. 1745-1757
    • Yoo, J.U.1    Barthel, T.S.2    Nishimura, K.3
  • 11
    • 0028843250 scopus 로고
    • Mesenchymal stem cells reside within the connective tissues of many organs
    • Young H.E., Mancini M.L., Wright R.P., et al. Mesenchymal stem cells reside within the connective tissues of many organs. Dev Dyn 202 (1995) 137-144
    • (1995) Dev Dyn , vol.202 , pp. 137-144
    • Young, H.E.1    Mancini, M.L.2    Wright, R.P.3
  • 12
    • 0035067539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilineage cells from human adipose tissue: implications for cell-based therapies
    • Zuk P.A., Zhu M., Mizuno H., et al. Multilineage cells from human adipose tissue: implications for cell-based therapies. Tissue Eng 7 (2001) 211-228
    • (2001) Tissue Eng , vol.7 , pp. 211-228
    • Zuk, P.A.1    Zhu, M.2    Mizuno, H.3
  • 13
    • 18744373595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human adipose tissue is a source of multipotent stem cells
    • Zuk P.A., Zhu M., Ashjian P., et al. Human adipose tissue is a source of multipotent stem cells. Mol Biol Cell 13 (2002) 4279-4295
    • (2002) Mol Biol Cell , vol.13 , pp. 4279-4295
    • Zuk, P.A.1    Zhu, M.2    Ashjian, P.3
  • 14
    • 21244488616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propagation, expansion, and multilineage differentiation of human somatic stem cells from dermal progenitors
    • Bartsch G., Yoo J.J., De Coppi P., et al. Propagation, expansion, and multilineage differentiation of human somatic stem cells from dermal progenitors. Stem Cells Dev 14 (2005) 337-348
    • (2005) Stem Cells Dev , vol.14 , pp. 337-348
    • Bartsch, G.1    Yoo, J.J.2    De Coppi, P.3
  • 15
    • 0348230765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hair follicle dermal cells differentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages
    • Jahoda C.A., Whitehouse J., Reynolds A.J., et al. Hair follicle dermal cells differentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. Exp Dermatol 12 (2003) 849-859
    • (2003) Exp Dermatol , vol.12 , pp. 849-859
    • Jahoda, C.A.1    Whitehouse, J.2    Reynolds, A.J.3
  • 16
    • 0029925391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A population of cells isolated from rat heart capable of differentiating into several mesodermal phenotypes
    • Warejcka D.J., Harvey R., Taylor B.J., et al. A population of cells isolated from rat heart capable of differentiating into several mesodermal phenotypes. J Surg Res 62 (1996) 233-242
    • (1996) J Surg Res , vol.62 , pp. 233-242
    • Warejcka, D.J.1    Harvey, R.2    Taylor, B.J.3
  • 17
    • 0035450718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human reserve pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells are present in the connective tissues of skeletal muscle and dermis derived from fetal, adult, and geriatric donors
    • Young H.E., Steele T.A., Bray R.A., et al. Human reserve pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells are present in the connective tissues of skeletal muscle and dermis derived from fetal, adult, and geriatric donors. Anat Rec 264 (2001) 51-62
    • (2001) Anat Rec , vol.264 , pp. 51-62
    • Young, H.E.1    Steele, T.A.2    Bray, R.A.3
  • 18
    • 0035495925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle satellite cells are multipotential stem cells that exhibit myogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation
    • Asakura A., Komaki M., and Rudnicki M. Muscle satellite cells are multipotential stem cells that exhibit myogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. Differentiation 68 (2001) 245-253
    • (2001) Differentiation , vol.68 , pp. 245-253
    • Asakura, A.1    Komaki, M.2    Rudnicki, M.3
  • 19
    • 33947717698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroporous gelatine spheres as culture substrate, transplantation vehicle, and biodegradable scaffold for guided regeneration of soft tissues. In vivo study in nude mice
    • Huss F.R., Junker J.P., Johnson H., et al. Macroporous gelatine spheres as culture substrate, transplantation vehicle, and biodegradable scaffold for guided regeneration of soft tissues. In vivo study in nude mice. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 60 (2007) 543-555
    • (2007) J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg , vol.60 , pp. 543-555
    • Huss, F.R.1    Junker, J.P.2    Johnson, H.3
  • 20
    • 35348996645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mouse embryonic stem cell expansion in a microcarrier-based stirred culture system
    • Fernandes A.M., Fernandes T.G., Diogo M.M., et al. Mouse embryonic stem cell expansion in a microcarrier-based stirred culture system. J Biotechnol 132 (2007) 227-236
    • (2007) J Biotechnol , vol.132 , pp. 227-236
    • Fernandes, A.M.1    Fernandes, T.G.2    Diogo, M.M.3
  • 21
    • 32144434552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expansion of chondroprogenitor cells on macroporous microcarriers as an alternative to conventional monolayer systems
    • Melero-Martin J.M., Dowling M.A., Smith M., et al. Expansion of chondroprogenitor cells on macroporous microcarriers as an alternative to conventional monolayer systems. Biomaterials 27 (2006) 2970-2979
    • (2006) Biomaterials , vol.27 , pp. 2970-2979
    • Melero-Martin, J.M.1    Dowling, M.A.2    Smith, M.3
  • 22
    • 0142088795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expansion of human nasal chondrocytes on macroporous microcarriers enhances redifferentiation
    • Malda J., Kreijveld E., Temenoff J.S., et al. Expansion of human nasal chondrocytes on macroporous microcarriers enhances redifferentiation. Biomaterials 24 (2003) 5153-5161
    • (2003) Biomaterials , vol.24 , pp. 5153-5161
    • Malda, J.1    Kreijveld, E.2    Temenoff, J.S.3
  • 23
    • 0027975306 scopus 로고
    • Bead-to-bead transfer of Chinese hamster ovary cells using macroporous microcarriers
    • Ohlson S., Branscomb J., and Nilsson K. Bead-to-bead transfer of Chinese hamster ovary cells using macroporous microcarriers. Cytotechnology 14 (1994) 67-80
    • (1994) Cytotechnology , vol.14 , pp. 67-80
    • Ohlson, S.1    Branscomb, J.2    Nilsson, K.3
  • 24
    • 1942501185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autologous cultured keratinocytes on porcine gelatin microbeads effectively heal chronic venous leg ulcers
    • Liu J.Y., Hafner J., Dragieva G., et al. Autologous cultured keratinocytes on porcine gelatin microbeads effectively heal chronic venous leg ulcers. Wound Repair Regen 12 (2004) 148-156
    • (2004) Wound Repair Regen , vol.12 , pp. 148-156
    • Liu, J.Y.1    Hafner, J.2    Dragieva, G.3
  • 25
    • 28944447738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrastriatal implantation of human retinal pigment epithelial cells attached to microcarriers in advanced Parkinson disease
    • Stover N.P., Bakay R.A., Subramanian T., et al. Intrastriatal implantation of human retinal pigment epithelial cells attached to microcarriers in advanced Parkinson disease. Arch Neurol 62 (2005) 1833-1837
    • (2005) Arch Neurol , vol.62 , pp. 1833-1837
    • Stover, N.P.1    Bakay, R.A.2    Subramanian, T.3
  • 26
    • 0035924151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entrapment of dispersed pancreatic islet cells in CultiSpher-S macroporous gelatin microcarriers: preparation, in vitro characterization, and microencapsulation
    • Del Guerra S., Bracci C., Nilsson K., et al. Entrapment of dispersed pancreatic islet cells in CultiSpher-S macroporous gelatin microcarriers: preparation, in vitro characterization, and microencapsulation. Biotechnol Bioeng 75 (2001) 741-744
    • (2001) Biotechnol Bioeng , vol.75 , pp. 741-744
    • Del Guerra, S.1    Bracci, C.2    Nilsson, K.3
  • 27
    • 13944266472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet-rich plasma enhances human osteoblast-like cell proliferation and differentiation
    • Kanno T., Takahashi T., Tsujisawa T., et al. Platelet-rich plasma enhances human osteoblast-like cell proliferation and differentiation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 63 (2005) 362-369
    • (2005) J Oral Maxillofac Surg , vol.63 , pp. 362-369
    • Kanno, T.1    Takahashi, T.2    Tsujisawa, T.3
  • 28
    • 33751174530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet-rich plasma stimulates porcine articular chondrocyte proliferation and matrix biosynthesis
    • Akeda K., An H.S., Okuma M., et al. Platelet-rich plasma stimulates porcine articular chondrocyte proliferation and matrix biosynthesis. Osteoarthr Cartil 14 (2006) 1272-1280
    • (2006) Osteoarthr Cartil , vol.14 , pp. 1272-1280
    • Akeda, K.1    An, H.S.2    Okuma, M.3
  • 29
    • 33644517215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro generated extracellular matrix and fluid shear stress synergistically enhance 3D osteoblastic differentiation
    • Datta N., Pham Q.P., Sharma U., et al. In vitro generated extracellular matrix and fluid shear stress synergistically enhance 3D osteoblastic differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103 (2006) 2488-2493
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.103 , pp. 2488-2493
    • Datta, N.1    Pham, Q.P.2    Sharma, U.3
  • 30
    • 13944270566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flow perfusion culture induces the osteoblastic differentiation of marrow stroma cell-scaffold constructs in the absence of dexamethasone
    • Holtorf H.L., Jansen J.A., and Mikos A.G. Flow perfusion culture induces the osteoblastic differentiation of marrow stroma cell-scaffold constructs in the absence of dexamethasone. J Biomed Mater Res A 72 (2005) 326-334
    • (2005) J Biomed Mater Res A , vol.72 , pp. 326-334
    • Holtorf, H.L.1    Jansen, J.A.2    Mikos, A.G.3
  • 31
    • 78650723410 scopus 로고
    • Specific Staining of Sulphate Groups with Alcian Blue at Low Ph
    • Lev R., and Spicer S.S. Specific Staining of Sulphate Groups with Alcian Blue at Low Ph. J Histochem Cytochem 12 (1964) 309
    • (1964) J Histochem Cytochem , vol.12 , pp. 309
    • Lev, R.1    Spicer, S.S.2
  • 32
    • 0016042118 scopus 로고
    • Surface staining of cartilage by Alcian blue, with reference to the role of microscopic dye aggregates in histological staining
    • Goldstein D.J., and Horobin R.W. Surface staining of cartilage by Alcian blue, with reference to the role of microscopic dye aggregates in histological staining. Histochem J 6 (1974) 175-184
    • (1974) Histochem J , vol.6 , pp. 175-184
    • Goldstein, D.J.1    Horobin, R.W.2
  • 33
    • 0015153392 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the glycosaminoglycans of aging bronchial cartilage studied with Alcian Blue
    • Mason R.M. Observations on the glycosaminoglycans of aging bronchial cartilage studied with Alcian Blue. Histochem J 3 (1971) 421-434
    • (1971) Histochem J , vol.3 , pp. 421-434
    • Mason, R.M.1
  • 34
    • 0016054668 scopus 로고
    • Complexes of organic acids with calcium phosphate: the Von Kossa stain as a clue to the composition of bone mineral
    • Bills C.E., Eisenberg H., and Pallante S.L. Complexes of organic acids with calcium phosphate: the Von Kossa stain as a clue to the composition of bone mineral. Johns Hopkins Med J 128 (1974) 194-207
    • (1974) Johns Hopkins Med J , vol.128 , pp. 194-207
    • Bills, C.E.1    Eisenberg, H.2    Pallante, S.L.3
  • 35
    • 0003238947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in sialic acid residues among bone alkaline phosphatase isoforms: a physical, biochemical, and immunological characterization
    • Magnusson P., and Farley J.R. Differences in sialic acid residues among bone alkaline phosphatase isoforms: a physical, biochemical, and immunological characterization. Calcif Tissue Int 71 (2002) 508-518
    • (2002) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.71 , pp. 508-518
    • Magnusson, P.1    Farley, J.R.2
  • 36
    • 0034281606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of chondrogensis in static and perfused bioreactor culture
    • Pazzano D., Mercier K.A., Moran J.M., et al. Comparison of chondrogensis in static and perfused bioreactor culture. Biotechnol Prog 16 (2000) 893-896
    • (2000) Biotechnol Prog , vol.16 , pp. 893-896
    • Pazzano, D.1    Mercier, K.A.2    Moran, J.M.3
  • 37
    • 0036285851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioreactor studies of native and tissue engineered cartilage
    • Vunjak-Novakovic G., Obradovic B., Martin I., et al. Bioreactor studies of native and tissue engineered cartilage. Biorheology 39 (2002) 259-268
    • (2002) Biorheology , vol.39 , pp. 259-268
    • Vunjak-Novakovic, G.1    Obradovic, B.2    Martin, I.3
  • 38
    • 31844451096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uniform tissues engineered by seeding and culturing cells in 3D scaffolds under perfusion at defined oxygen tensions
    • Wendt D., Stroebel S., Jakob M., et al. Uniform tissues engineered by seeding and culturing cells in 3D scaffolds under perfusion at defined oxygen tensions. Biorheology 43 (2006) 481-488
    • (2006) Biorheology , vol.43 , pp. 481-488
    • Wendt, D.1    Stroebel, S.2    Jakob, M.3
  • 39
    • 0034210117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional tissue engineering of articular cartilage through dynamic loading of chondrocyte-seeded agarose gels
    • Mauck R.L., Soltz M.A., Wang C.C., et al. Functional tissue engineering of articular cartilage through dynamic loading of chondrocyte-seeded agarose gels. J Biomech Eng 122 (2000) 252-260
    • (2000) J Biomech Eng , vol.122 , pp. 252-260
    • Mauck, R.L.1    Soltz, M.A.2    Wang, C.C.3
  • 40
    • 9344244717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term intermittent compressive stimulation improves the composition and mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage
    • Waldman S.D., Spiteri C.G., Grynpas M.D., et al. Long-term intermittent compressive stimulation improves the composition and mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage. Tissue Eng 10 (2004) 1323-1331
    • (2004) Tissue Eng , vol.10 , pp. 1323-1331
    • Waldman, S.D.1    Spiteri, C.G.2    Grynpas, M.D.3
  • 41
    • 2942624145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chondrogenic differentiation of adult dermal fibroblasts
    • French M.M., Rose S., Canseco J., et al. Chondrogenic differentiation of adult dermal fibroblasts. Ann Biomed Eng 32 (2004) 50-56
    • (2004) Ann Biomed Eng , vol.32 , pp. 50-56
    • French, M.M.1    Rose, S.2    Canseco, J.3
  • 42
    • 34547135444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Healing full-thickness cartilage defects using adipose-derived stem cells
    • Dragoo J.L., Carlson G., McCormick F., et al. Healing full-thickness cartilage defects using adipose-derived stem cells. Tissue Eng 13 (2007) 1615-1621
    • (2007) Tissue Eng , vol.13 , pp. 1615-1621
    • Dragoo, J.L.1    Carlson, G.2    McCormick, F.3
  • 43
    • 33749164154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue engineering of articular cartilage with autologous cultured adipose tissue-derived stromal cells using atelocollagen honeycomb-shaped scaffold with a membrane sealing in rabbits
    • Masuoka K., Asazuma T., Hattori H., et al. Tissue engineering of articular cartilage with autologous cultured adipose tissue-derived stromal cells using atelocollagen honeycomb-shaped scaffold with a membrane sealing in rabbits. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 79 (2006) 25-34
    • (2006) J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater , vol.79 , pp. 25-34
    • Masuoka, K.1    Asazuma, T.2    Hattori, H.3
  • 44
    • 0030250457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional composite of demineralized bone powder and collagen for in vitro analysis of chondroinduction of human dermal fibroblasts
    • Mizuno S., and Glowacki J. Three-dimensional composite of demineralized bone powder and collagen for in vitro analysis of chondroinduction of human dermal fibroblasts. Biomaterials 17 (1996) 1819-1825
    • (1996) Biomaterials , vol.17 , pp. 1819-1825
    • Mizuno, S.1    Glowacki, J.2
  • 45
    • 0030601329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chondroinduction of human dermal fibroblasts by demineralized bone in three-dimensional culture
    • Mizuno S., and Glowacki J. Chondroinduction of human dermal fibroblasts by demineralized bone in three-dimensional culture. Exp Cell Res 227 (1996) 89-97
    • (1996) Exp Cell Res , vol.227 , pp. 89-97
    • Mizuno, S.1    Glowacki, J.2
  • 46
    • 30344454428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone formation using human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells and a biodegradable scaffold
    • Hattori H., Masuoka K., Sato M., et al. Bone formation using human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells and a biodegradable scaffold. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 76 (2006) 230-239
    • (2006) J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater , vol.76 , pp. 230-239
    • Hattori, H.1    Masuoka, K.2    Sato, M.3
  • 47
    • 34548067391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dermal fibroblasts genetically modified to express Runx2/Cbfa1 as a mineralizing cell source for bone tissue engineering
    • Phillips J.E., Guldberg R.E., and Garcia A.J. Dermal fibroblasts genetically modified to express Runx2/Cbfa1 as a mineralizing cell source for bone tissue engineering. Tissue Eng 13 (2007) 2029-2040
    • (2007) Tissue Eng , vol.13 , pp. 2029-2040
    • Phillips, J.E.1    Guldberg, R.E.2    Garcia, A.J.3
  • 48
    • 0036019364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone morphogenetic protein-transduced human fibroblasts convert to osteoblasts and form bone in vivo
    • Rutherford R.B., Moalli M., Franceschi R.T., et al. Bone morphogenetic protein-transduced human fibroblasts convert to osteoblasts and form bone in vivo. Tissue Eng 8 (2002) 441-452
    • (2002) Tissue Eng , vol.8 , pp. 441-452
    • Rutherford, R.B.1    Moalli, M.2    Franceschi, R.T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.