Influence of individual and combined health behaviors on total and cause-specific mortality in men and women: The United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey

Archives of Internal Medicine

Volumn 170, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 711-718

  Kvaavik, Elisabeth ^a   Batty, G David ^b,c   Ursin, Giske ^a,d   Huxley, Rachel ^c   Gale, Catharine R ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGING; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; CANCER MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CASE REPORT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; FOOD INTAKE; FRUIT; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HUMAN; MALE; NEOPLASM; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PHYSICAL CAPACITY; POPULATION RESEARCH; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SCORING SYSTEM; SMOKING; UNITED KINGDOM; VEGETABLE;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; ALCOHOL DRINKING; CAUSALITY; CAUSE OF DEATH; COHORT STUDIES; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; DIET; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; LIFE STYLE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; PROBABILITY; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; QUALITY OF LIFE; QUESTIONNAIRES; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEX FACTORS; SMOKING;

EID: 77951662932     PISSN: 00039926     EISSN: 15383679     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.76     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Batty GD, Kivimaki M, Gray L, Smith GD, Marmot MG, Shipley MJ. Cigarette smoking and site-specific cancer mortality: testing uncertain associations using extended follow-up of the original Whitehall study. Ann Oncol. 2008;19(5):996-1002. (Pubitemid 351627320)
2. Doll R, Hill AB. Mortality in relation to smoking: ten years' observations of British doctors. Br Med J. 1964;1(5396):1460-1467.
3. Doll R, Hill AB. Mortality in relation to smoking: ten years' observations of British doctors. Br Med J. 1964;1(5395):1399-1410.
4. Teo KK, Ounpuu S, Hawken S, et al; INTERHEART Study Investigators. Tobacco use and risk of myocardial infarction in 52 countries in the INTERHEART study: a case-control study. Lancet. 2006;368(9536):647-658.
5. Andersen LB, Schnohr P, Schroll M, Hein HO. All-cause mortality associated with physical activity during leisure time, work, sports, and cycling to work. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160(11):1621-1628. (Pubitemid 30367901)
6. Batty GD, Shipley MJ, Marmot M, Smith GD. Physical activity and cause-specific mortality in men: further evidence from the Whitehall study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2001;17(9):863-869. (Pubitemid 34602330)
7. Morris JN, Heady JA, Raffle PA, Roberts CG, Parks JW. Coronary heart-disease and physical activity of work. Lancet. 1953;265(6796):1111-1120.
8. Morris JN, Heady JA, Raffle PA, Roberts CG, Parks JW. Coronary heart-disease and physical activity of work. Lancet. 1953;265(6795):1053-1057.
9. World Cancer Research Fund. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective. Washington, DC: American Institute for Cancer Research; 2007.
10. Gmel G, Gutjahr E, Rehm J. How stable is the risk curve between alcohol and all-cause mortality and what factors influence the shape? a precision-weighted hierarchical meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol. 2003;18(7):631-642. (Pubitemid 36998940)
11. Marmot MG, Rose G, Shipley MJ, Thomas BJ. Alcohol and mortality: a U-shaped curve. Lancet. 1981;1(8220 pt 1):580-583.
12. Cox BD, Whichelow MJ, Prevost AT. Seasonal consumption of salad vegetables and fresh fruit in relation to the development of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Public Health Nutr. 2000;3(1):19-29.
13. He FJ, Nowson CA, Lucas M, MacGregor GA. Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is related to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Hum Hypertens. 2007;21(9):717-728. (Pubitemid 47335302)
14. Heidemann C, Schulze MB, Franco OH, van Dam RM, Mantzoros CS, Hu FB. Dietary patterns and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all causes in a prospective cohort of women. Circulation. 2008;118(3):230-237.
15. Hu FB, Willett WC. Optimal diets for prevention of coronary heart disease. JAMA. 2002;288(20):2569-2578. (Pubitemid 35386892)
16. Katz DL. Life and death, knowledge and power: why knowing what matters is not what's the matter. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(15):1362-1363.
17. Khaw KT, Wareham N, Bingham S, Welch A, Luben R, Day N. Combined impact of health behaviours and mortality in men and women: the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study. PLoS Med. 2008;5(1):e12. (Pubitemid 351198259)
18. Knoops KT, de Groot LC, Kromhout D, et al. Mediterranean diet, lifestyle factors, and 10-year mortality in elderly European men and women: the HALE project. JAMA. 2004;292(12):1433-1439. (Pubitemid 39258335)
19. van Dam RM, Li T, Spiegelman D, Franco OH, Hu FB. Combined impact of lifestyle factors on mortality: prospective cohort study in US women. BMJ. 2008;337:a1440.
20. Chiuve SE, McCullough ML, Sacks FM, Rimm EB. Healthy lifestyle factors in the primary prevention of coronary heart disease among men: benefits among users and nonusers of lipid-lowering and antihypertensive medications. Circulation. 2006;114(2):160-167.
21. Kurth T, Moore SC, Gaziano JM, et al. Healthy lifestyle and the risk of stroke in women. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(13):1403-1409. (Pubitemid 44036353)
22. Myint PK, Luben RN, Wareham NJ, Bingham SA, Khaw KT. Combined effect of health behaviours and risk of first ever stroke in 20,040 men and women over 11 years' follow-up in Norfolk cohort of European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC Norfolk): prospective population study. BMJ. 2009;338:b349.
23. Stampfer MJ, Hu FB, Manson JE, Rimm EB, Willett WC. Primary prevention of coronary heart disease in women through diet and lifestyle. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(1):16-22. (Pubitemid 30447987)
24. Ford ES, Bergmann MM, Kroger J, Schienkiewitz A, Weikert C, Boeing H. Healthy living is the best revenge: findings from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam study. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(15):1355-1362.
25. Mozaffarian D, Kamineni A, Carnethon M, Djousse L, Mukamal KJ, Siscovick D. Lifestyle risk factors and new-onset diabetes mellitus in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(8):798-807.
26. Cox BD, Blaxter M, Buckle ALJ, et al. The Health and Lifestyle Survey. Preliminary Report of a Nationwide Survey of the Physical and Mental Health, Attitudes and Lifestyle of a Random Sample of 9003 British Adults. Cambridge, England: Health Promotion Research Trust; 1987.
27. International drinking guidelines, 2009. International Center for Alcohol Policies Web site. http://www.icap.org/PolicyIssues/DrinkingGuidelines/ GuidelinesTable/tabid/204/Default.aspx. Accessed October 1, 2009.
28. WHO/FAO Expert Consultation. Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2003. Report 916.
29. Altman DG. Practical Statistics for Medical Research. London, England: Chapman & Hall/CRC; 2009.
30. Mason CA, Tu S. Partitioning the population attributable fraction for a sequential chain of effects. Epidemiol Perspect Innov. 2008;5:5. doi:10.1186/1742-5573-5-5.
31. Hanley JA. A heuristic approach to the formulas for population attributable fraction. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2001;55(7):508-514.
32. Andersen LF, Johansson L, Solvoll K. Usefulness of a short food frequency questionnaire for screening of low intake of fruit and vegetable and for intake of fat. Eur J Public Health. 2002;12(3):208-213.
33. Kristjansdottir AG, Andersen LF, Haraldsdottir J, de Almeida MD, Thorsdottir I. Validity of a questionnaire to assess fruit and vegetable intake in adults. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60(3):408-415. (Pubitemid 43354936)
34. Paalanen L, Mannisto S, Virtanen MJ, et al. Validity of a food frequency questionnaire varied by age and body mass index. J Clin Epidemiol. 2006;59(9):994-1001. (Pubitemid 44163419)
35. Yarnell JW, Fehily AM, Milbank JE, Sweetnam PM, Walker CL. A short dietary questionnaire for use in an epidemiological survey: comparison with weighed dietary records. Hum Nutr Appl Nutr. 1983;37(2):103-112.
36. Physical Activity Recommendations, 2009. World Health Organization Web site. http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet-recommendations/en/ index.html. Accessed October 1, 2009.
37. Batty GD, Gale CR. Impact of resurvey non-response on the associations between baseline risk factors and cardiovascular disease mortality: prospective cohort study [published online July 15, 2009]. J Epidemiol Community Health. doi:10.1136/jech.2008.086892.
38. Parsons TJ, Power C, Manor O. Longitudinal physical activity and diet patterns in the 1958 British Birth Cohort. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;38(3):547-554.
39. Telama R, Yang X, Viikari J, Valimaki I, Wanne O, Raitakari O. Physical activity from childhood to adulthood: a 21-year tracking study. Am J Prev Med. 2005; 28(3):267-273. (Pubitemid 40576232)
40. Kvaavik E, Lien N, Tell GS, Klepp KI. Psychosocial predictors of eating habits among adults in their mid-30s: the Oslo Youth Study follow-up 1991-1999. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2005;2:9.
41. Lien N, Lytle LA, Klepp KI. Stability in consumption of fruit, vegetables, and sugary foods in a cohort from age 14 to age 21. Prev Med. 2001;33(3):217-226. (Pubitemid 32802724)
42. Twisk JW, Kemper HC, van Mechelen W, Post GB. Tracking of risk factors for coronary heart disease over a 14-year period: a comparison between lifestyle and biologic risk factors with data from the Amsterdam Growth and Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;145(10):888-898.
43. Koppes LL, Kemper HC, Post GB, Snel J, Twisk JW. Development and stability of alcohol consumption from adolescence into adulthood: the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study. Eur Addict Res. 2000;6(4):183-188. (Pubitemid 32008818)
44. National statistics UK: cigarette smoking in UK, 2009. http://www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=866. Accessed October 1, 2009.
45. Weekly alcohol consumption level: percentage exceeding specified amounts by sex and age: 1988 to 2002. National Statistics UK Web site. http://www.statistics.gov.uk/lib2002/tables/#drinking. Accessed October 1, 2009.
46. Statistics on obesity, physical activity and diet: England, February 2009. NHS Information Centre, Lifestyle Statistics, Web site. http://www.ic.nhs.uk/webfiles/publications/opan09/OPAD%20Feb%202009%20final.pdf. Accessed October 1, 2009.