The DNA behind human nature: Gene expression and the role of experience

Daedalus

Volumn 133, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 89-98

  Ridley, Matt ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

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Indexed keywords

EID: 77950414199     PISSN: 00115266     EISSN: 15486192     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/0011526042365546     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. See, for example, J. Madeleine Nash, "Fertile Minds," Time 149 (5) (3 February 1997): "There are only 100,000 genes in human DNA. Even though half these genes - some 50,000 - appear to be dedicated to constructing and maintaining the nervous system."
2. Sean B. Carroll, "Endless Forms: The Evolution of Gene Regulation and Morphological Diversity," Cell 101 (6) (2000): 577-580.
3. Heinz-Georg Belting, Cooduvalli S. Shashikant, and Frank H. Ruddle, "Modification of Expression and Cis-Regulation of Hoxc8 in the Evolution of Diverged Axial Morphology," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95 (5) (1998): 2355-2360
4. Martin J. Colin and Cheryll Tickle, "Developmental Basis of Limblessness and Axial Patterning in Snakes," Nature 399 (1999): 474-479.
5. Mark Ptashne and Alexander Gann, Genes and Signals (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2002).
6. Paul R. Martin, The Sickening Mind: Brain, Behaviour, Immunity and Disease (London: Harper-Collins, 1997).
7. Josh Dubnau and Tim Tully, "Gene Discovery in Drosophila: New Insights for Learning and Memory," Annual Review of Neuroscience 21 (1998): 407-444.
8. Jacquelyn Bond, Emma Roberts, Ganesh H. Mochida, Daniel J. Hampshire, Sheila Scott, Jonathan M. Askham, Kelly Springell, Meera Mahadevan, Yanick J. Crow, Alexander F. Markham, Christopher A. Walsh, and C. Geoffrey Woods, "ASPM Is a Major Determinant of Cerebral Cortical Size," Nature Genetics 32 (2) (2002): 316-320.
9. C. Geoffrey Woods, personal communication, March 2004.
10. Cecilia S. L. Lai, Simon E. Fisher, et al., "A Forkhead-Domain Gene is Mutated in a Severe Speech and Language Disorder," Nature 413 (2001): 519-523.
11. Wolfgang Enard, Molly Przeworski, Simon E. Fisher, Cecilia S. L. Lai, Victor Wiebe, Takashi Kitano, Anthony P. Monaco, and Svante Paabo, "Molecular Evolution of FOXP2, a Gene Involved in Speech and Language," Nature 418 (2002): 869-872.
12. Sally McBrearty and Alison S. Brooks, "The Revolution That Wasn't: A New Interpretation of the Origin of Modern Human Behaviour," Journal of Human Evolution 39 (2000): 453-563.
13. Gary F. Marcus and Simon E. Fisher, "FOXP2 in Focus: What Can Genes Tell Us About Speech and Language?" Trends in Cognitive Sciences 7 (2003): 257-262.
14. Note that the current convention is to express the names of human genes in uppercase letters, mouse genes in lowercase letters, and bird genes in a mixture of the two. This absurd system cannot last.
15. Sebastian Haesler, Kazuhiro Wada, A. Nshdejan, Edward E. Morrisey, Thierry Lints, Eric D. Jarvis, and Constance Scharff, "FoXP2 Expression in Avian Vocal Learners and Non-Learners," Journal of Neuroscience 24 (2004): 3164-3175
16. Matt Ridley, The Red Queen: Sex and the Evolution of Human Nature (New York: Penguin, 1995).
17. Expressing the prairie-vole version of the gene in a mouse markedly increases its social-affiliation behavior. See Thomas R. Insel and Larry J. Young, "The Neurobiology of Attachment," Nature Reviews in Neuroscience 2 (2001): 129-136.
18. Andreas Bartels and Semir Zeki, "The Neural Basis of Romantic Love," NeuroReport 11 (2000): 3829-3834.
19. Miranda M. Lim, Zuoxin Wang, Daniel E. Olazabal, Xianghui Ren, Ernest F. Terwilliger, and Larry J. Young, "Enhanced Partner Preference in a Promiscuous Species by Manipulating the Expression of a Single Gene," Nature 429 (6993) (2004): 754- 757
20. Srijan Sen, Randolph M. Nesse, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Sheng Li, Lillian Gleiberman, Aravinda Chakravarti, Alan B. Weder, and Margit Burmeister, "A BDNF Coding Variant Is Associated with the NEO Personality Inventory Domain Neuroticism, a Risk Factor for Depression," Neuropsychopharmacology 28 (2003): 397-401.
21. Judith Rich Harris, The Nurture Assumption: Why Children Turn Out the Way They Do (London: Bloomsbury, 1998).
22. Avshalom Caspi, Joseph McClay, Terrie E. Moffitt, Jonathan Mill, Judy Martin, Ian VV. Craig, Alan Taylor, and Richie Poulton, "Role of Genotype in the Cycle of Violence in Maltreated Children," Science 297 (2002): 851-854.
23. Harris, The Nurture Assumption.
24. Avshalom Caspi, Karen Sugden, Terrie E. Moffitt, Alan Taylor, Ian W. Craig, HonaLee Harrington, Joseph McClay, Jonathan Mill, Judy Martin, Antony Braithwaite, and Richie Poulton, "Influence of Life Stress on Depression : Moderation by a Polymorphism in the 5-HTT Gene," Science 301 (2003): 291-293
25. Z. Josh Huang, Alfredo Kirkwood, Tommaso Pizzorusso, Vittorio Porciatti, Bernardo Morales, Mark F. Bear, Lamberto Maffei, and Susumu Tonegawa, "BDNF Regulates the Maturation of Inhibition and the Critical Period of Plasticity in Mouse Visual Cortex," Cell 98 (1999): 739-755
26. Michela Fagiolini and Takao K. Hensch, "Inhibitory Threshold for Critical-Period Activation in Primary Visual Cortex," Nature 404 (2000): 183-186.