메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 629-637

Complement deficiency and systemic lupus erythematosus: Consensus and dilemma

Author keywords

Antinuclear antibody; C1q; C2; C4; Complement; Hereditary deficiency; Systemic lupus erythematosus

Indexed keywords

ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODY; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C1Q; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C1R; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C1S; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C2; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C4;

EID: 77649112291     PISSN: 1744666X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/1744666X.4.5.629     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (8)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 28944449121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement: A nostalgic journey
    • Cooper NR. Complement: a nostalgic journey. Mol. Immunol. 43, 487-495 (2006).
    • (2006) Mol. Immunol. , vol.43 , pp. 487-495
    • Cooper, N.R.1
  • 2
    • 0000719411 scopus 로고
    • The properdin system and immunity. Demonstration and isolation of a new serum, properdin. Its role in human phenomena
    • Pillemer L, Blum L, Lepow IH. The properdin system and immunity. Demonstration and isolation of a new serum, properdin. Its role in human phenomena. Science 120, 279-285 (1954).
    • (1954) Science , vol.120 , pp. 279-285
    • Pillemer, L.1    Blum, L.2    Lepow, I.H.3
  • 3
    • 0041549734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement
    • (5th Edition). Paul WE (Ed.). Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, PA, USA
    • Wolfgang MP, Reinhard W, Heribert S, Manfred PD. Complement. In: Fundamental Immunology (5th Edition). Paul WE (Ed.). Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, PA, USA 1077-1103 (2003).
    • (2003) Fundamental Immunology , pp. 1077-1103
    • Wolfgang, M.P.1    Reinhard, W.2    Heribert, S.3    Manfred, P.D.4
  • 4
    • 0035810399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement first of two parts
    • Waloport MJ. Complement first of two parts. N. Engl. J. Med. 344, 1058-1066 (2001).
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.344 , pp. 1058-1066
    • Waloport, M.J.1
  • 5
    • 0025827387 scopus 로고
    • Big MAC attack: Complement proteins cause leaky patches
    • Esser AF. Big MAC attack: complement proteins cause leaky patches. Immunol. Today 12, 316-318 (1991).
    • (1991) Immunol. Today , vol.12 , pp. 316-318
    • Esser, A.F.1
  • 6
    • 33747743379 scopus 로고
    • Complement in disseminated (systemic) lupus eythematosus
    • Elliott JA, Mathieson DR. Complement in disseminated (systemic) lupus eythematosus. AMA. Arch. Dermat. Syphilol. 68, 119-128 (1953).
    • (1953) AMA. Arch. Dermat. Syphilol. , vol.68 , pp. 119-128
    • Elliott, J.A.1    Mathieson, D.R.2
  • 7
    • 0035849176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement second of two parts
    • Walport MJ. Complement second of two parts. N. Engl. J. Med. 344(15), 1140-1144 (2001).
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.344 , Issue.15 , pp. 1140-1144
    • Walport, M.J.1
  • 8
    • 0034007104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Links between complement abnormalities and systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Pickering MC, Walport MJ. Links between complement abnormalities and systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology 39, 133-141 (2000).
    • (2000) Rheumatology , vol.39 , pp. 133-141
    • Pickering, M.C.1    Walport, M.J.2
  • 9
    • 34948865177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus with C1q deficiency
    • Kallel Sellami M, Baili Klila L, Zerzeri Y et al. Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus with C1q deficiency. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1108, 193-196 (2007).
    • (2007) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.1108 , pp. 193-196
    • Kallel Sellami, M.1    Baili Klila, L.2    Zerzeri, Y.3
  • 10
    • 34250779543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C1q deficiency in an Inuit family: Identification of a new class of C1q disease-causing mutations
    • Marquart HV, Schejbel L, Sjoholm A et al. C1q deficiency in an Inuit family: identification of a new class of C1q disease-causing mutations. Clin. Immunol. 124, 33-40 (2007).
    • (2007) Clin. Immunol. , vol.124 , pp. 33-40
    • Marquart, H.V.1    Schejbel, L.2    Sjoholm, A.3
  • 11
    • 0028093373 scopus 로고
    • Hereditary C1q deficiency and systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Bowness P, Davies KA, Norsworthy PJ et al. Hereditary C1q deficiency and systemic lupus erythematosus. QJM 87(8), 455-464 (1994).
    • (1994) QJM , vol.87 , Issue.8 , pp. 455-464
    • Bowness, P.1    Davies, K.A.2    Norsworthy, P.J.3
  • 12
    • 22144470162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C1q: Its function within the innate and adaptative immune responses and its role in lupus autoimmunity
    • Sontheimer RD, Racila E, Racila DM. C1q: its function within the innate and adaptative immune responses and its role in lupus autoimmunity. J. Invest. Dermatol. 125, 14-23 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Invest. Dermatol. , vol.125 , pp. 14-23
    • Sontheimer, R.D.1    Racila, E.2    Racila, D.M.3
  • 14
    • 38949191647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic analysis of complement C1s deficiency associated with systemic lupus erythematosus highlights alternative splicing of normal C1s gene
    • Amanoa MT, Ferriani V P, Florido MP et al. Genetic analysis of complement C1s deficiency associated with systemic lupus erythematosus highlights alternative splicing of normal C1s gene. Mol. Immunol. 45, 1693-1702 (2008).
    • (2008) Mol. Immunol. , vol.45 , pp. 1693-1702
    • Amanoa, M.T.1    Ferriani, V.P.2    Florido, M.P.3
  • 15
    • 0033558336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of human complement C1s deficiency
    • Endo Y, Kanno K, Takahashi M et al. Molecular basis of human complement C1s deficiency. J. Immunol. 162, 2180-2183 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Immunol. , vol.162 , pp. 2180-2183
    • Endo, Y.1    Kanno, K.2    Takahashi, M.3
  • 16
    • 0031754263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective complement C1s deficiency caused by homozygous four-base deletion in the C1s gene
    • Inoue N, Saito T, Masuda R et al. Selective complement C1s deficiency caused by homozygous four-base deletion in the C1s gene. Hum. Genet. 103, 415-418 (1998).
    • (1998) Hum. Genet. , vol.103 , pp. 415-418
    • Inoue, N.1    Saito, T.2    Masuda, R.3
  • 17
    • 0035877108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of a selective C1s deficiency associated with early onset multiple autoimmune diseases
    • Dragon-Durey MA, Quartier P, Fremeaux-Bacchi V et al. Molecular basis of a selective C1s deficiency associated with early onset multiple autoimmune diseases. J. Immunol. 166, 7612-7616 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Immunol. , vol.166 , pp. 7612-7616
    • Dragon-Durey, M.A.1    Quartier, P.2    Fremeaux-Bacchi, V.3
  • 18
    • 84903184153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement and systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Walport MJ. Complement and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res. 4(Suppl. 3), S279-S293 (2002).
    • (2002) Arthritis Res , vol.4 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Walport, M.J.1
  • 20
    • 0027738568 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of type i complement C2 deficiency gene on Swedish systemic lupus erythematosus patients
    • Truedsson L, Sturfelt G, Nived O. Prevalence of type I complement C2 deficiency gene on Swedish systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus 2(5), 325-327 (1993).
    • (1993) Lupus , vol.2 , Issue.5 , pp. 325-327
    • Truedsson, L.1    Sturfelt, G.2    Nived, O.3
  • 21
    • 0029983603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inherited deficiencies of complement in rheumatic diseases
    • Ratnoff WD. Inherited deficiencies of complement in rheumatic diseases. Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. 22, 75-94 (1996).
    • (1996) Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. , vol.22 , pp. 75-94
    • Ratnoff, W.D.1
  • 22
    • 34447318872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rheumatological manifestations, organ damage and autoimmunity in hereditary C2 deficiency
    • (Oxford)
    • Jönsson G, Sjöholm AG, Truedsson L, Bengtsson AA, Braconier JH, Sturfelt G. Rheumatological manifestations, organ damage and autoimmunity in hereditary C2 deficiency. Rheumatology (Oxford) 46(7), 1133-1139 (2007).
    • (2007) Rheumatology , vol.46 , Issue.7 , pp. 1133-1139
    • Jönsson, G.1    Sjöholm, A.G.2    Truedsson, L.3    Bengtsson, A.A.4    Braconier, J.H.5    Sturfelt, G.6
  • 23
    • 0034529488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lupus erythematosus associated with genetically determined deficiency of the second component of the complement
    • Lipsker DM, Schreckenberg-Gilliot C, Uring-Lambert B et al. Lupus erythematosus associated with genetically determined deficiency of the second component of the complement. Arch. Dermatol. 136(12), 1508-1514 (2000).
    • (2000) Arch. Dermatol. , vol.136 , Issue.12 , pp. 1508-1514
    • Lipsker, D.M.1    Schreckenberg-Gilliot, C.2    Uring-Lambert, B.3
  • 24
    • 12344319511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hereditary C2 deficiency in Sweden: Frequent occurrence of invasive infection, atherosclerosis, and rheumatic disease
    • Jönsson G, Truedsson L, Sturfelt G, Oxelius VA, Braconier JH, Sjöholm AG. Hereditary C2 deficiency in Sweden: frequent occurrence of invasive infection, atherosclerosis, and rheumatic disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 84(1), 23-34 (2005).
    • (2005) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.84 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-34
    • Jönsson, G.1    Truedsson, L.2    Sturfelt, G.3    Oxelius, V.A.4    Braconier, J.H.5    Sjöholm, A.G.6
  • 25
    • 34948828021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hereditary complement deficiency and lupus: Report of 4 Tunisian cases
    • Kallel Sellami M, Baili Klila L, Zerzeri Y et al. Hereditary complement deficiency and lupus: report of 4 Tunisian cases. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1108, 197-202 (2007).
    • (2007) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.1108 , pp. 197-202
    • Kallel Sellami, M.1    Baili Klila, L.2    Zerzeri, Y.3
  • 26
    • 0029983603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inherited C2 deficiency of complement in rheumatic diseases
    • Ratnoff WD. Inherited C2 deficiency of complement in rheumatic diseases. Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. 22, 75-94 (1996).
    • (1996) Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. , vol.22 , pp. 75-94
    • Ratnoff, W.D.1
  • 27
    • 0026786439 scopus 로고
    • Type i human complement C2 deficiency: A 28-base-pair gene deletion causes skipping of exon 6 during RNA splicing
    • Johnson CA, Densen P, Hurford RK, Colten HR, Wetsel RA. Type I human complement C2 deficiency: a 28-base-pair gene deletion causes skipping of exon 6 during RNA splicing. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 9347-9353 (1992).
    • (1992) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.267 , pp. 9347-9353
    • Johnson, C.A.1    Densen, P.2    Hurford, R.K.3    Colten, H.R.4    Wetsel, R.A.5
  • 28
    • 0032453545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference typing report for complement component C4
    • Mauff G, Luther B, Schneider PM et al. Reference typing report for complement component C4. Exp. Clin. Immunogenet. 15, 249-260 (1998).
    • (1998) Exp. Clin. Immunogenet. , vol.15 , pp. 249-260
    • Mauff, G.1    Luther, B.2    Schneider, P.M.3
  • 29
    • 0028063699 scopus 로고
    • The dichotomous size variation of human complement C4 genes is mediated by a novel family of endogenous retroviruses, which also establishes species-specific genomic patterns among Old World primates
    • Dangel AW, Mendoza AR, Baker BJ et al. The dichotomous size variation of human complement C4 genes is mediated by a novel family of endogenous retroviruses, which also establishes species-specific genomic patterns among Old World primates. Immunogenetics 40, 425-436 (1994).
    • (1994) Immunogenetics , vol.40 , pp. 425-436
    • Dangel, A.W.1    Mendoza, A.R.2    Baker, B.J.3
  • 30
    • 0033597231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modular variations of the human major histocompatibility complex class III genes for serine/threonine kinase RP, complement component C4, steroid 21-hydroxylase CYP21 and tenascin TNX (the RCCX module). A mechanism for gene deletions and disease associations
    • Yang Z, Mendoza AR, Welch TR, Zipf WB, Yu CY. Modular variations of the human major histocompatibility complex class III genes for serine/threonine kinase RP, complement component C4, steroid 21-hydroxylase CYP21 and tenascin TNX (the RCCX module). A mechanism for gene deletions and disease associations. J. Biol. Chem. 274(17), 12147-12156 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , Issue.17 , pp. 12147-12156
    • Yang, Z.1    Mendoza, A.R.2    Welch, T.R.3    Zipf, W.B.4    Yu, C.Y.5
  • 31
    • 0042929924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity in intrinsic strengths of the human complement system: Serum C4 protein concentrations correlate with C4 gene size and polygenic variations, hemolytic activities, and body mass index
    • Yang Y, Chung EK, Zhou B et al. Diversity in intrinsic strengths of the human complement system: serum C4 protein concentrations correlate with C4 gene size and polygenic variations, hemolytic activities, and body mass index. J. Immunol. 171(5), 2734-2745 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Immunol. , vol.171 , Issue.5 , pp. 2734-2745
    • Yang, Y.1    Chung, E.K.2    Zhou, B.3
  • 33
    • 7644243312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex, MHC and complement C4 in autoimmune diseases
    • Yu CY, Whitacre CC. Sex, MHC and complement C4 in autoimmune diseases. Trends Immunol. 25(12), 694-699 (2004).
    • (2004) Trends Immunol , vol.25 , Issue.12 , pp. 694-699
    • Yu, C.Y.1    Whitacre, C.C.2
  • 34
    • 35348880399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic susceptibility and class III complement genes
    • (4th Edition). Lahita RG (Ed.). Elsevier-Academic Press CA USA
    • Atkinson JP, Scheinder PM. Genetic susceptibility and class III complement genes. In: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (4th Edition). Lahita RG (Ed.). Elsevier-Academic Press, CA, USA 153-201 (2004).
    • (2004) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus , pp. 153-201
    • Atkinson, J.P.1    Scheinder, P.M.2
  • 35
    • 1442288762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intricate role of complement component C4 in human systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Yang Y, Chung EK, Zhou B et al. The intricate role of complement component C4 in human systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr. Dir. Autoimmun. 7, 98-132 (2004).
    • (2004) Curr. Dir. Autoimmun. , vol.7 , pp. 98-132
    • Yang, Y.1    Chung, E.K.2    Zhou, B.3
  • 36
    • 2542505506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of complement in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Manderson AP, Botto M, Walport MJ. The role of complement in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22, 431-456 (2004).
    • (2004) Annu. Rev. Immunol. , vol.22 , pp. 431-456
    • Manderson, A.P.1    Botto, M.2    Walport, M.J.3
  • 37
    • 0033559514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficiency of human complement protein C4 due to identical frameshift mutations in the C4A and C4B genes
    • Lokki ML, Circolo A, Ahokas P, Rupert KL, Yu CY, Colten HR. Deficiency of human complement protein C4 due to identical frameshift mutations in the C4A and C4B genes. J. Immunol. 162(6), 3687-3693 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Immunol. , vol.162 , Issue.6 , pp. 3687-3693
    • Lokki, M.L.1    Circolo, A.2    Ahokas, P.3    Rupert, K.L.4    Yu, C.Y.5    Colten, H.R.6
  • 38
    • 0031717781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of nonexpressed C4 genes in a case of complete C4 deficiency: Identification of a novel point mutation leading to premature stop codon
    • Fredrikson GN, Gullstrand B, Schneider PM et al. Characterization of nonexpressed C4 genes in a case of complete C4 deficiency: identification of a novel point mutation leading to premature stop codon. Hum. Immunol. 59(11), 713-719 (1998).
    • (1998) Hum. Immunol. , vol.59 , Issue.11 , pp. 713-719
    • Fredrikson, G.N.1    Gullstrand, B.2    Schneider, P.M.3
  • 39
    • 15444348054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement C4B null alleles confers risk for systemic lupus erythematosus in a Spanish population
    • Naves M, Hajeer AH, Teh LS et al. Complement C4B null alleles confers risk for systemic lupus erythematosus in a Spanish population. Eur. J. Immunogenet. 25, 317-320 (1998).
    • (1998) Eur. J. Immunogenet. , vol.25 , pp. 317-320
    • Naves, M.1    Hajeer, A.H.2    Teh, L.S.3
  • 40
    • 0023387032 scopus 로고
    • A high frequency of inherited deficiency of complement component C4 in Darwin Aborigines
    • Ranford P, Hay J, Serjeantson SW, Dunckley H. A high frequency of inherited deficiency of complement component C4 in Darwin Aborigines. Aust. NZ Med. 17, 420-423 (1987).
    • (1987) Aust. NZ Med. , vol.17 , pp. 420-423
    • Ranford, P.1    Hay, J.2    Serjeantson, S.W.3    Dunckley, H.4
  • 41
    • 0031810006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups. I. The effects of HLA class II, C4 and CRI alleles, socioeconomic factors and ethnicity at disease onset
    • LUMINA Study Group. Lupus in minority populations, nature versus nurture
    • Reveille JD, Moulds JM, Ahn C et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups. I. The effects of HLA class II, C4 and CRI alleles, socioeconomic factors and ethnicity at disease onset. LUMINA Study Group. Lupus in minority populations, nature versus nurture. Arthritis Rheum. 41, 1161-1172 (1998).
    • (1998) Arthritis Rheum , Issue.41 , pp. 1161-1172
    • Reveille, J.D.1    Moulds, J.M.2    Ahn, C.3
  • 42
    • 0037215206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymerase chain reaction based C4AQ0 and C4BQ0 genotyping: Association with systemic lupus erythematosus in Southwest Han Chinese
    • Man XY, Luo HR, Li XP, Yao YG, Mao CZ, Zhang YP. Polymerase chain reaction based C4AQ0 and C4BQ0 genotyping: Association with systemic lupus erythematosus in Southwest Han Chinese. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 62, 71-73 (2003).
    • (2003) Ann. Rheum. Dis. , vol.62 , pp. 71-73
    • Man, X.Y.1    Luo, H.R.2    Li, X.P.3    Yao, Y.G.4    Mao, C.Z.5    Zhang, Y.P.6
  • 43
    • 34250841166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene copy-number variation and associated polymorphisms of complement component C4 in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Low copy number is a risk factor for and high copy number is a protective factor against SLE susceptibility in European Americans
    • Yang Y, Chung EK, Wu YL et al. Gene copy-number variation and associated polymorphisms of complement component C4 in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): low copy number is a risk factor for and high copy number is a protective factor against SLE susceptibility in European Americans. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80(6), 1037-1054 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.80 , Issue.6 , pp. 1037-1054
    • Yang, Y.1    Chung, E.K.2    Wu, Y.L.3
  • 45
    • 33947137687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary systemic lupus erythematosus: An analysis of 4 cases of uncontrolled hereditary angioedema
    • Khan S, Tarzi MD, Doré PC, Sewell WA, Longhurst HJ. Secondary systemic lupus erythematosus: an analysis of 4 cases of uncontrolled hereditary angioedema. Clin. Immunol. 123(1), 14-17 (2007).
    • (2007) Clin. Immunol. , vol.123 , Issue.1 , pp. 14-17
    • Khan, S.1    Tarzi, M.D.2    Doré, P.C.3    Sewell, W.A.4    Longhurst, H.J.5
  • 47
    • 0023279184 scopus 로고
    • Erythrocytes transfused into patients with SLE and haemolytic anaemia lose complement receptor type 1 from their cell surface
    • Walport M, Ng YC, Lachmann PJ. Erythrocytes transfused into patients with SLE and haemolytic anaemia lose complement receptor type 1 from their cell surface. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 69(3), 501-507 (1987).
    • (1987) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.69 , Issue.3 , pp. 501-507
    • Walport, M.1    Ng, Y.C.2    Lachmann, P.J.3
  • 48
    • 0029904303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement and immune complexes
    • Walport MJ, Davies KA. Complement and immune complexes. Res. Immunol. 147, 103-109 (1996).
    • (1996) Res. Immunol. , vol.147 , pp. 103-109
    • Walport, M.J.1    Davies, K.A.2
  • 49
    • 0036842157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C4A deficiency and elevated level of immune complexes: The mechanism behind increased susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Traustadottir KH, Sigfusson A, Steinsson K, Erlendsson K. C4A deficiency and elevated level of immune complexes: the mechanism behind increased susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus. J. Rheumatol. 29(11), 2359-2366 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Rheumatol. , vol.29 , Issue.11 , pp. 2359-2366
    • Traustadottir, K.H.1    Sigfusson, A.2    Steinsson, K.3    Erlendsson, K.4
  • 50
    • 0036681601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular basis of complete complement C4A and C4B deficiencies in a systemic lupus erythematosus patient with homozygous C4A and C4B mutant genes
    • Rupert KL, Moulds JM, Yang Y et al. The molecular basis of complete complement C4A and C4B deficiencies in a systemic lupus erythematosus patient with homozygous C4A and C4B mutant genes. J. Immunol. 169(3), 1570-1578 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Immunol. , vol.169 , Issue.3 , pp. 1570-1578
    • Rupert, K.L.1    Moulds, J.M.2    Yang, Y.3
  • 51
    • 17344368340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent roles for Fc receptor and complement in vivo
    • Ravetch JV, Clynes RA. Divergent roles for Fc receptor and complement in vivo. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 16, 421-432 (1998).
    • (1998) Annu. Rev. Immunol. , vol.16 , pp. 421-432
    • Ravetch, J.V.1    Clynes, R.A.2
  • 52
    • 0036747260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C1q, autoimmunity and apoptosis
    • Botto M, Walport MJ. C1q, autoimmunity and apoptosis. Immunobiology 205(4-5), 395-406 (2002).
    • (2002) Immunobiology , vol.205 , Issue.4-5 , pp. 395-406
    • Botto, M.1    Walport, M.J.2
  • 53
    • 0036499075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C1q deficiency and autoimmunity: The effects of genetic background on disease expression
    • Mitchell DA, Pickering MC, Warren J et al. C1q deficiency and autoimmunity: the effects of genetic background on disease expression. J. Immunol. 168(5), 2538-2543 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Immunol. , vol.168 , Issue.5 , pp. 2538-2543
    • Mitchell, D.A.1    Pickering, M.C.2    Warren, J.3
  • 54
    • 33847389238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased positive selection of B1 cells and reduced B cell tolerance to intracellular antigens in C1q-deficient mice
    • Ferry H, Potter PK, Crockford TL et al. Increased positive selection of B1 cells and reduced B cell tolerance to intracellular antigens in C1q-deficient mice. J. Immunol. 178(5), 2916-2922 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Immunol. , vol.178 , Issue.5 , pp. 2916-2922
    • Ferry, H.1    Potter, P.K.2    Crockford, T.L.3
  • 55
    • 0032211714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical role for complement in maintenance of self-tolerance
    • Prodeus AP, Goerg, LM, Shen O et al. A critical role for complement in maintenance of self-tolerance. Immunity 9, 721-731 (1998).
    • (1998) Immunity , vol.9 , pp. 721-731
    • Prodeus, A.P.1    Goerg, L.M.2    Shen, O.3
  • 56
    • 34250639437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated levels of endogenous apoptotic DNA and IFN-α in complement C4-deficient mice: Implications for induction of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Finke D, Randers K, Hoerster R et al. Elevated levels of endogenous apoptotic DNA and IFN-α in complement C4-deficient mice: implications for induction of systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur. J. Immunol. 37(6), 1702-1709 (2007).
    • (2007) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 1702-1709
    • Finke, D.1    Randers, K.2    Hoerster, R.3
  • 57
    • 14844282733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The combination of complement deficiency and cigarette smoking as risk factor for cutaneous lupus erythematosus in men; Focus on C2/C4 deficiency
    • Boeckler P, Milea M, Meyer A et al. The combination of complement deficiency and cigarette smoking as risk factor for cutaneous lupus erythematosus in men; focus on C2/C4 deficiency. Br. J. Dermatol. 152(2), 265-270 (2005).
    • (2005) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.152 , Issue.2 , pp. 265-270
    • Boeckler, P.1    Milea, M.2    Meyer, A.3
  • 58
    • 0027291974 scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal changes in complement activity and immune-complex levels during plasma infusion in a C2-deficient SLE patient
    • Erlendsson K, Traustadóttir K, Freysdóttir J, Steinsson K, Jónsdóttir I, Valdimarsson H. Reciprocal changes in complement activity and immune-complex levels during plasma infusion in a C2-deficient SLE patient. Lupus 2(3), 161-165 (1993).
    • (1993) Lupus , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 161-165
    • Erlendsson, K.1    Traustadóttir, K.2    Freysdóttir, J.3    Steinsson, K.4    Jónsdóttir, I.5    Valdimarsson, H.6
  • 59
    • 0024338073 scopus 로고
    • Successful plasma infusion treatment of a patient with C2 deficiency and systemic lupus erythematosus: Clinical experience over forty-five months
    • Steinsson K, Erlendsson K, Valdimarsson H. Successful plasma infusion treatment of a patient with C2 deficiency and systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical experience over forty-five months. Arthritis Rheum. 32(7), 906-913 (1989).
    • (1989) Arthritis Rheum , vol.32 , Issue.7 , pp. 906-913
    • Steinsson, K.1    Erlendsson, K.2    Valdimarsson, H.3
  • 60
    • 20044384875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C1 inhibitor deficiency: Consensus document
    • Gompels MM, Lock RJ, Abinun M et al. C1 inhibitor deficiency: consensus document. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 139, 379-394 (2005).
    • (2005) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.139 , pp. 379-394
    • Gompels, M.M.1    Lock, R.J.2    Abinun, M.3
  • 61
    • 0035477983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstitution of the complement function in C1q-deficient (C1qa-/-) mice with wild-type bone marrow cells
    • Petry F, Botto M, Holtappels R, Walport MJ, Loos M. Reconstitution of the complement function in C1q-deficient (C1qa-/-) mice with wild-type bone marrow cells. J. Immunol. 167(7), 4033-4037 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Immunol. , vol.167 , Issue.7 , pp. 4033-4037
    • Petry, F.1    Botto, M.2    Holtappels, R.3    Walport, M.J.4    Loos, M.5
  • 62
    • 23844457665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C5a promotes development of experimental lupus nephritis which can be blocked with a specific receptor antagonist
    • Bao L, Osawe I, Puri T, Lambris JD, Haas M, Quigg RJ. C5a promotes development of experimental lupus nephritis which can be blocked with a specific receptor antagonist. Eur. J. Immunol. 35(8), 2496-2506 (2005).
    • (2005) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.35 , Issue.8 , pp. 2496-2506
    • Bao, L.1    Osawe, I.2    Puri, T.3    Lambris, J.D.4    Haas, M.5    Quigg, R.J.6
  • 63
    • 22544469404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling through up-regulated C3a receptor is key to the development of experimental lupus nephritis
    • Bao L, Osawe I, Haas M, Quigg RJ. Signaling through up-regulated C3a receptor is key to the development of experimental lupus nephritis. J. Immunol. 175(3), 1947-1955(2005).
    • (2005) J. Immunol. , vol.175 , Issue.3 , pp. 1947-1955
    • Bao, L.1    Osawe, I.2    Haas, M.3    Quigg, R.J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.