Metric and nonmetric dental variation and the population structure of the Ainu

American Journal of Human Biology

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 163-171

  Hanihara, Tsunehiko ^a  

^a SAGA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ASIAN; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; ETHNOLOGY; FEMALE; GENE FLOW; GENETIC DRIFT; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENETICS; HISTOLOGY; HISTORY; HUMAN; JAPAN; MALE; MIGRATION; RUSSIAN FEDERATION; STATISTICAL MODEL; STATISTICS; TOOTH;

ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION; FEMALE; GENE FLOW; GENETIC DRIFT; GENETIC VARIATION; HISTORY, ANCIENT; HUMANS; JAPAN; MALE; MODELS, GENETIC; MODELS, STATISTICAL; SIBERIA; TOOTH;

EID: 77249133594     PISSN: 10420533     EISSN: 15206300     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.20969     Document Type: Article

References (107)

1. Adachi N, Shinoda K, Umetsu K, Matsumura H. 2009. Mitochondrial DNA analysis of Jomon skeletons from the Funadomari site, Hokkaido, and its implication for the origins of Native American. Am J Phys Anthropol 138:255-265.
2. Amano T. 2003. What is the Okhotsk culture? In: Nomura T, Utagawa Y, editors. Epi-Jomon and Okhotsk culture. Sapporo: Hokkaido Sinbunsha. p 110-133 (in Japanese).
3. Barbujani G, Magagni A, Minch E, Cavalli-Sforza LL. 1997. An apportionment of human DNA diversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:4516-4519.
4. Bedrick EJ, Lapidus J, Powell JF. 2000. Estimating the Mahalanobis distance from mixed continuous and discrete data. Biometrics 56:394-401.
5. Berry AC. 1978. Anthropological and family studies on minor variants of dental crown. In: Butler PM, Joyse KA, editors. Development, function and evolution of teeth. London: Academic press. p 81-98.
6. Biggerstaff RH. 1970. Morphological variations for the permanent mandibular first molars in human monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Arch Oral Biol 15:721-730.
7. Biggerstaff RH. 1973. Heritability of the Carabelli cusp in twins. J Dent Res 52:40-44.
8. Brace CL, Hunt KD. 1990. A nonracial craniofacial perspective on human variation (Australia) to (Zuni). Am J Phys Anthropol 82:341-360.
9. Brace CL, Nelson AR, Seguchi N, Oe H, Sering L, Pan Q, Li Y, Tumen D. 2001. Old World sources of the first New World human inhabitants: a comparative craniofacial view. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:10017-10022.
10. Brace CL, Seguchi N, Quintyn CB, Fox SC, Nelson AR, Manolis SK. 2006. The questionable contribution of the Neolithic and the Bronze age to European craniofacial from. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:242-247.
11. Brown RA, Armelagos GJ. 2001. Apportionment of racial diversity: a review. Evol Anthropol 10:34-40.
12. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Menozzi P, Piazza A. 1994. The history and geography of human genes. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
13. Constandse-Westermann TS. 1972. Coefficients of biological distance. New York: Humanities Press.
14. Dahlberg AA. 1949. The dentition of the America Indian. In: Laughlin WS, editor. The physical anthropology of the American Indian. The Viking New York: Fund Inc. p 138-174.
15. Dahlberg AA. 1963. Analysis of the American Indian dentition. In: Brothwell DR, editor. Dental anthropology. Oxford: Pergamon Press. p 149-177.
16. Diaconis P, Efron B. 1983. Computer-intensive methods in statistics. Sci Am 248:96-108.
17. Dodo Y, Ishida H. 1990. Population history of Japan as viewed from cranial nonmetric variation. J Anthropol Soc Nippon 98:269-287.
18. Dodo Y, Kawakubo Y. 2002. Cranial affinities of the Epi-Jomon inhabitants in Hokkaido, Japan. Anthropol Sci 110:1-32.
19. Dodo Y, Doi N, Kondo O. 1998. Ainu and Ryukyuan cranial nonmetric variation: evidence which disputes the Ainu-Ryukyu common origin theory. Anthropol Sci 106:99-120.
20. Falconer DS. 1967. The inheritance of liability to disease with variable age of onset, with particular reference to diabetes mellitus. Ann Hum Genet 31:1-20.
21. Fitzhugh WW, Dubreuil CO. 1999. Ainu: spirit of a northern people. Washington DC: National Museum of Natural History.
22. Garn SM, Lewis AB, Kerewsky RS. 1968. Relationship between buccolingual and mesiodistal crown diameters. J Dent Res 47:495.
23. González-José R, González-Martin A, Hernández M, Pucciarelli HM, Sardi M, Rosales A, Molen SV. 2003. Craniometric evidence for Palaeoamerican survival in Baja California. Nature 425:62-65.
24. González-José R, Neves W, Lahr MM, González S, Pucciarelli H, Martínez MH, Correal G. 2005. Late Pleistocene/Holocene craniofacial morphology in Mesoamerican Paleoindians: implications for the peopling of the New World. Am J Phys Anthropol 128:772-780.
25. Hallgrímsson B, Donnabháin O ́ B, Walters GB, Cooper DML, Gubjartsson D, Stefánsson K. 2004. Composition of the founding population of Iceland: biological distance and morphological variation in early historic Atlantic Europe. Am J Phys Anthropol 124:257-274.
26. Hanihara K. 1968. Mongoloid dental complex in the permanent dentition. VIIIth Internatl Cong Anthropol Ethnol Sci I:298-300.
27. Hanihara K. 1976. Statistical and comparative studies of the Australian Aboriginal dentition. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press.
28. Hanihara K. 1991. Dual structure model for the population history of the Japanese. Japan Rev 2:1-33.
29. Hanihara K, Tanaka T, Tamada M. 1970. Quantitative analysis of the shovel shaped character in the incisors. J Anthropol Soc Nippon 78:90-98.
30. Hanihara T. 1992. Negritos, Australian Aborigines, and "proto-sundadont" dental pattern. Am J Phys Anthropol 88:183-196.
31. Hanihara T. 2008. Morphological variation of major human populations based on nonmetric dental traits. Am J Phys Anthropol 136:169-182.
32. Hanihara T. 2009. Gene flow, genetic drift, and geographic variation of the Ainu: an assessment based on nonmetric cranial traits. In: Columbus F, editor. Phylogeography: concepts, intraspecific patterns and speciation processes. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. (in press).
33. Hanihara T, Ishida H. 2005. Metric dental variation of major human populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 128:287-298.
34. Hanihara T, Ishida H. 2009. Regional difference in craniofacial diversity and the population history of Jomon Japan. Am J Phys Anthropol 139:311-322.
35. Hanihara T, Ishida H, Dodo Y. 2003. Characterization of biological diversity through analysis of discrete cranial traits. Am J Phys Anthropol 121:241-251.
36. Hanihara T, Yoshida M, Ishida H. 2008. Craniometric variation of the Ainu: an assessment of differential gene flow from Northeast Asia to northern Japan, Hokkaido. Am J Phys Anthropol 137:283-293.
37. Harpending HC, Ward RH. 1982. Chemical systematics and human populations. In: Nitecke M, editor. Biochemical aspects of evolutionary biology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p 213-256.
38. Hauser G, De Stefano GF. 1989. Epigenetic variants of the human skull. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart.
39. Hillson S. 1996. Dental anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
40. Howells WW. 1986. Physical anthropology of the prehistoric Japanese. In: Pearson RJ, editors. Windows on Japanese past: studies in archaeology and prehistory. Ann Arbor: Center for Japanese Studies, The University of Michigan. p 85-99.
41. Irish JD. 1997. Characteristic high- and low-frequency dental traits in Sub-Saharan African populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 102:455-467.
42. Irish JD. 1998. Ancestral dental traits in recent Sub-Saharan Africans and the origins of modern humans. J Hum Evol 34:81-98.
43. Irish JD. 2006. Who were the ancient Egyptians? Dental affinities among Neolithic through postdynastic peoples. Am J Phys Anthropol 129:529-543.
44. Ishida H. 1988. Morphological studies of Okhotsk crania from Omisaki, Hokkaido. J Anthropol Soc Nippon 96:17-45.
45. Ishida H. 1996. Metric and nonmetric cranial variation of the prehistoric Okhotsk people. Anthropol Sci 104:233-258.
46. Jorde LB, Watkins WS, Bamshad MJ, Dixon ME, Ricker CE, Seielstad MT, Batzer MA. 2000. The distribution of human genetic diversity: a comparison of mitochondrial, autosomal, and Y-chromosome data. Am J Hum Genet 66:979-988.
47. Kodama S. 1970. Ainu: historical and anthropological studies. Sapporo: Hokkaido University School of Medicine.
48. Koganei Y. 1893. Beiträge zur physischen Anthropologie der Ainu. I. Untersuchungen am Skelet. Mittheilungen aus der medicinischen Faculta ̈ t der Kaiserlich-Japanischen Universitä t 2:1-249.
49. Komesu A, Hanihara T, Amano T, Ono H, Yoneda M, Dodo Y, Fukumine T, Ishida H. 2008. Nonmetric cranial variation in human skeletal remains associated with Okhotsk culture. Anthropol Sci 116:33-47.
50. Kondo O. 1995. An analysis of Ainu population structure, based on cranial morphology. Anthropol Sci 103:369-384.
51. Konigsberg LW. 1990. Analysis of prehistoric biological variation under a model of isolation by geographic and temporal distance. Hum Biol 62:49-70.
52. Konigsberg LW. 2006. A post-Neumann history of biological and genetic distance studies in bioarchaeology. In: Buikstra JE, Beck LA, editors. Bioarchaeology: the contextual analysis of human remains. New York: Academic Press. p 263-279.
53. Konigsberg LW, Buikstra J. 2006. Population structure analysis from prehistoric skeletal material. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl 42:115.
54. Konigsberg LW, Kohn LAP, Cheverud JM. 1993. Cranial deformation and nonmetric trait variation. Am J Phys Anthropol 90:25-48.
55. Kozintsev A. 1990. Ainu, Japanese, their ancestors and neighbours: cranioscopic data. J Anthropol Soc Nippon 98:247-267.
56. Kozintsev A. 1992. Prehistoric and recent populations of Japan: multivariate analysis of cranioscopic data. Arctic Anthropol 29:104-111.
57. Leigh SR, Relethford JH, Park PB, Konigsberg LW. 2004. Morphological differentiation of Gorilla subspecies. In: Taylor AB, Goldsmith ML, editors. Gorilla biology: a multidisciplinary perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 104-131.
58. Manabe Y, Kitagawa Y, Oyamada J, Igawa K, Katsumoto K, Kikuchi N, Maruo H, Kobayashi S, Rokutanda A. 2008. Population history of the northern and central Nansei Islands (Ryukyu island arc) based on dental morphological variations: gene flow from North Kyushu to Nansei Islands. Anthropol Sci 116:49-65.
59. Manly BFL. 1997. Randomization, bootstrap and Monte Carlo methods in biology. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall.
60. Matsumura H. 1995. Dental characteristics affinities of the prehistoric to the modern Japanese with the East Asians, American natives and AustraloMelanesians. Anthropol Sci 103:235-261.
61. Matsumura H. 2007. Non-metric dental trait variation among local sites and regional groups of the Neolithic Jomon period, Japan. Anthropol Sci 115:25-33.
62. Matsumura H, Hudson MJ. 2005. Dental perspectives on the population history of Southeast Asia. Am J Phys Anthropol 127:182-209.
63. Matsumura H, Ishida H, Amano T, Ono H, Yoneda M. 2009. Biological affinities of Okhotsk culture people with East Siberians and Arctic people based on dental characteristics. Anthropol Sci 117:121-132.
64. Mayhall JT, Saunders SR, Belier PL. 1982. The dental morphology of North Ameridan whites: a reappraisal. In: Kurten B, editor. Teeth: form, function, and evolution. New York: Columbia University Press. p 245- 258.
65. Mizoguchi Y. 1977. Genetic variability in tooth crown characters: analysis by the tetrachoric correlation method. Bull Natl Sci Mus Ser D 3:37-62.
66. Nei M. 1995. The origins of human populations: genetic, linguistic, and archeological data. In: Brenner S, Hanihara K, editors. The origin and past of modern human as viewed from DNA. Singapore: World Scientific. p 71-91.
67. Omoto K. 1995. Genetic diversity and the origins of the "Mongoloids." In: Brenner S, Hanihara K, editors. The origin and past of modern human as viewed from DNA. Singapore: World Scientific. p 92-109.
68. Omoto K.Saitou N. 1997. Genetic origins of the Japanese: a partial support for the dual structure hypothesis. Am J Phys Anthropol 102:437-446.
69. Ono Y. 1999. Ainu homelands: natural history from ice age to modern times. In: Fitzhugh WW, Dubreuil CO, editors. Ainu: spirit of a northern people. Washington DC: National Museum of Natural History. p 32-38.
70. Ossenberg NS. 1986. Isolate conservatism and hybridization in the population history of Japan: the evidence of nonmetric cranial traits. In: Akazawa T, Aikens CM, editors. Prehistoric hunter-gatherers in Japan. Tokyo: The University of Tokyo Press. p 199-215.
71. Ossenberg NS. 1992. Microevolutionary parallels in the population history of Japan and aboriginal North America: the evidence of cranial nonmetric traits. In: Hanihara K, editor. Japanese as a member of the Asian and Pacific populations. Kyoto: International Research Center of Japanese Studies. p 64-77.
72. Ossenberg NS, Dodo Y, Maeda T, Kawakubo Y. 2006. Ethnogenesis and craniofacial change in Japan from the perspective of nonmetric traits. Anthropol Sci 114:99-115.
73. Pietrusewsky M. 2000. Metric analysis of skeletal remains: methods and applications. In: Katzenberg MA, Saunders SR, editors. Biological anthropology of the human skeleton. New York: Wiley-Liss. p 375-415.
74. Pilbrow V. 2006. Lingual incisor traits in modern hominoids and an assessment of their utility for fossil hominoid taxonomy. Am J Phys Anthropol 129:323-338.
75. Potter RH, Nance WE, Yu PL, Davis WB. 1976. A twin study of dental dimension. II. Independent genetic determinants. Am J Phys Anthropol 44:397-412.
76. Powell JF, Neves WA. 1999. Craniofacial morphology of the first Americans: pattern and process in the peopling of the New World. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 42:153-188.
77. Relethford JH. 1991. Genetic drift and anthropometric variation in Ireland. Hum Biol 63:155-165.
78. Relethford JH. 1994. Craniometric variation among modern human populations Am J Phys Anthropol 95:53-62.
79. Relethford JH. 1996. Genetic drift can obscure population history: problem and solution. Hum Biol 68:29-44.
80. Relethford JH. 2002. Apportionment of global human genetic diversity based on craniometrics and skin color. Am J Phys Anthropol 118:393-398.
81. Relethford JH. 2004. Boas and beyond: migration and craniometric variation. Am J Hum Biol 16:379-386.
82. Relethford JH. 2009. Race and global patterns of phenotypic variation. Am J Phys Anthropol 139:16-22.
83. Relethford JH, Blangero J. 1990. Detection of differential gene flow from patterns of quantitative variation. Hum Biol 62:5-25.
84. Relethford JH, Harpending HC. 1994. Craniometric variation, genetic theory, and modern human origins. Am J Phys Anthropol 95:249-270.
85. Roseman CC, Weaver TD. 2004. Multivariate apportionment of global human craniometric diversity. Am J Phys Anthropol 125:257-263.
86. Saitou N, Nei M. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for constructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406-425.
87. Sardi ML, Rozzi FR, González-José R, Pucciarelli HM. 2005. South Amerindian craniofacial morphology: diversity and implications for Amerindian evolution. Am J Phys Anthropol 2005:747-1456
88. Sato T, Amano T, Ono H, Ishida H, Kodera H, Matsumura H, Yoneda M, Masuda R. 2007. Origins and genetic features of the Okhotsk people, revealed by ancient mitochondrial DNA analysis. J Hum Genet 52:18-627.
89. Sato T, Amano T, Ono H, Ishida H, Kodera H, Matsumura H, Yoneda M, Masuda R. 2009. Mitochondrial DNA haplogrouping of the Okhotsk people due to ancient DNA analysis: an intermediate of gene flow from the continental-Sakhalin people to the Ainu. Anthropol Sci DOI:10.1537/ ase081202.
90. Scherer AK. 2007. Population structure of the classic period Maya. Am J Phys Anthropol 132:367-380.
91. Schilacii MA, Stojanowski CM. 2005. Craniometric variation and population history of the prehistoric Tewa. Am J Phys Anthropol 126:404-412.
92. Scott GR, Turner CG II. 1997. The anthropology of modern human teeth: dental morphology and its variation in recent human populations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
93. Shao J, Tu D. 1995. The jackknife and bootstrap. New York: Springer.
94. Shigematsu M, Ishida H, Goto M, Hanihara T. 2004. Morphological affinities between Jomon and Ainu: reassessment based on nonmetric cranial traits. Anthropol Sci 112:161-172.
95. Steadman DW. 2001. Mississippians in motion? A population genetic analysis of interregional gene flow in West-Central Illinois. Am J Phys Anthropol 114:61-73.
96. Stojanowski CM. 2004. Population history of Native groups in pre- and postcontact Spanish Florida: aggregation, gene flow, and genetic drift on the southeastern U.S. Atlantic coast. Am J Phys Anthropol 123:316-332.
97. Tajima A, Hayami M, Tokunaga K, Juji T, Matsuo M, Marzuki S, Omoto K, Horai S. 2004. Genetic origins of the Ainu inferred from combined DNA analyses of maternal and paternal lineages. J Hum Genet 49:187-193.
98. Torgerson WS. 1952. Multidimensional scaling I. Theory and method. Psychometrika 17:401-419.
99. Townsend GC, Brown T. 1978. Heritability of permanent tooth size. Am J Phys Anthropol 55:337-349.
100. Turner CG II. 1987. Late Pleistocene and Holocene population history of East Asia based on dental variation. Am J Phys Anthropol 73:305-321.
101. Turner CG II. 1990. Major features of sundadonty and sinodonty, including suggestions about East Asian microevolution, population history, and late Pleistocene relationships with Australian Aboriginals. Am J Phys Anthropol 82:295-317.
102. Turner CG II. 1992a. Sundadonty and sinodonty in Japan: the dental basis for a dual origin hypothesis for the peopling of the Japanese islands. In: Hanihara K, editor. Japanese as a member of the Asian and Pacific populations. Kyoto: International Research Center of Japanese Studies. p 96-112.
103. Turner CG II. 1992b. Microevolution of East Asian and European populations: a dental perspective. In: Akazawa T, Aoki K, Kimura T, editors. The evolution and dispersal of modern humans in Asia. Tokyo: Hokusensha. p 415-438.
104. Turner CG II, Nichol CR, Scott GR. 1991. Scoring procedures for key morphological traits of the permanent dentition: the Arizona State University dental anthropology system. In: Kelley MA, Larsen CS, editors. Advances in dental anthropology. New York: Wiley-Liss. p 13-31.
105. Weidenreich F. 1937. The dentition of Sinanthropus pekinensis: a comparative odontography of the hominids. Paleontol Sinica NSD No. 1.
106. Yamaguchi B. 1982. A review of the osteological characteristics of the Jomon population in prehistoric Japan. J Anthropol Soc Nippon 90(Suppl):77-90.
107. Yamaguchi B. 1992. Skeletal morphology of the Jomon people. In: Hanihara K, editor. Japanese as a member of the Asian and Pacific populations. Kyoto: International Research Center of Japanese Studies. p 53-63.