Sex and Age Differences in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Diagnoses: Implications for DSM-V and ICD-11

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Volumn 49, Issue 3, 2010, Pages

  Ramtekkar, Ujjwal P ^a   Reiersen, Angela M ^a   Todorov, Alexandre A ^a   Todd, Richard D ^a  

^a WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

ADHD; Adult; Prevalence; Sex differences; Subtypes

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; FEMALE; GROUPS BY AGE; HUMAN; INTERVIEW; MALE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SCHOOL CHILD; SCORING SYSTEM; SEX DIFFERENCE; SIBLING; TELEPHONE;

EID: 76749159731     PISSN: 08908567     EISSN: 15275418     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00004583-201003000-00005     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (2000), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC
2. Costello E.J., Farmer E.M., Angold A., Burns B.J., and Erkanli A. Psychiatric disorders among American Indian and white youth in Appalachia: the Great Smoky Mountains Study. Am J Public Health 87 (1997) 827-832
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mental health in the United States: Prevalence of diagnosis and medication treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-United States, 2003. CDC MMWR 34 (2005) 842-847
4. Brown R.T., Freeman W.S., Perrin J.M., et al. Prevalence and assessment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in primary care settings. Pediatrics 107 (2001) E43
5. Elia J., Ambrosini P.J., and Rapoport J.L. Treatment of attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder. N Engl J Med 340 (1999) 780-788
6. Goldman L.S., Genel M., Bezman R.J., and Slanetz P.J. Diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association. J Am Med Assoc 279 (1998) 1100-1107
7. Cuffe S.P., Moore C.G., and McKeown R.E. Prevalence and correlates of ADHD symptoms in the national health interview survey. J Atten Disord 9 (2005) 392-401
8. Graetz B.W., Sawyer M.G., and Baghurst P. Gender differences among children with DSM-IV ADHD in Australia. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 44 (2005) 159-168
9. Rowland A.S., Lesesne C.A., and Abramowitz A.J. The epidemiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a public health view. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 8 (2002) 162-170
10. Resnick R.J. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in teens and adults: they don't all outgrow it. J Clin Psychol 61 (2005) 529-533
11. Kessler R.C., Adler L., Barkley R., et al. The prevalence and correlates of adult ADHD in the United States: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Am J Psychiatry 163 (2006) 716-723
12. Faraone S.V., Biederman J., and Mick E. The age-dependent decline of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis of follow-up studies. Psychol Med 36 (2006) 159-165
13. Barkley R.A. Advancing age, declining ADHD. Am J Psychiatry 154 (1997) 1323-1325
14. Faraone S.V., Biederman J., Spencer T., et al. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults: an overview. Biol Psychiatry 48 (2000) 9-20
15. Todd R.D., Huang H., Todorov A.A., et al. Predictors of stability of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder subtypes from childhood to young adulthood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 47 (2008) 76-85
16. Cantwell D.P. Attention deficit disorder: a review of the past 10 years. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 35 (1996) 978-987
17. Lahey B.B., Applegate B., McBurnett K., et al. DSM-IV field trials for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Am J Psychiatry 151 (1994) 1673-1685
18. Wolraich M.L., Hannah J.N., Pinnock T.Y., Baumgaertel A., and Brown J. Comparison of diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a county-wide sample. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 35 (1996) 319-324
19. Carlson C.L., Tamm L., and Gaub M. Gender differences in children with ADHD, ODD, and co-occurring ADHD/ODD identified in a school population. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36 (1997) 1706-1714
20. Gaub M., and Carlson C.L. Gender differences in ADHD: a meta-analysis and critical review. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36 (1997) 1036-1045
21. Gershon J. A meta-analytic review of gender differences in ADHD. J Atten Disord 5 (2002) 143-154
22. Biederman J., Kwon A., Aleardi M., et al. Absence of gender effects on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: findings in nonreferred subjects. Am J Psychiatry 162 (2005) 1083-1089
23. Todd R.D., Joyner C.A., Heath A.C., Neuman R.J., and Reich W. Reliability and stability of a semistructured DSM-IV interview designed for family studies. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 42 (2003) 1460-1468
24. Swanson J.M., Shuck S., Mann M., et al. Categorical and Dimensional Definitions and Evaluations of Symptoms of ADHD: the SNAP and the SWAN rating scales. www.adhd.net Accessed September 25, 2009
25. Hay D.A., Bennett K.S., Levy F., Sergeant J., and Swanson J. A twin study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder dimensions rated by the strengths and weaknesses of ADHD-symptoms and normal-behavior (SWAN) scale. Biol Psychiatry 61 (2007) 700-705
26. Polderman T.J., Derks E.M., Hudziak J.J., Verhulst F.C., Posthuma D., and Boomsma D.I. Across the continuum of attention skills: a twin study of the SWAN ADHD rating scale. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 48 (2007) 1080-1087
27. Young D.J., Levy F., Martin N.C., and Hay D.A. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a Rasch analysis of the SWAN rating scale. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 40 (2009) 543-559
28. Royston P., and Altman D.G. Regression using fractional polynomials of continuous covariates: parsimonius parametric modelling. Applied Statistics 3 (1994) 429-467
29. Froehlich T.E., Lanphear B.P., Epstein J.N., Barbaresi W.J., Katusic S.K., and Kahn R.S. Prevalence, recognition, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a national sample of US children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 161 (2007) 857-864
30. Derks E.M., Dolan C.V., Hudziak J.J., Neale M.C., and Boomsma D.I. Assessment and etiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder in boys and girls. Behav Genet 37 (2007) 559-566
31. Rhee S.H., and Waldman I.D. Etiology of sex differences in the prevalence of ADHD: an examination of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 127 (2004) 60-64
32. Lahey B.B., Pelham W.E., Loney J., Lee S.S., and Willcutt E. Instability of the DSM-IV subtypes of ADHD from preschool through elementary school. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62 (2005) 896-902
33. Molina B.S., Hinshaw S.P., Swanson J.M., et al. The MTA at 8 years: prospective follow-up of children treated for combined-type ADHD in a multisite study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 48 (2009) 484-500
34. Todd R.D., Huang H., and Henderson C.A. Poor utility of the age of onset criterion for DSM-IV attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: recommendations for DSM-V and ICD-11. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 49 (2008) 942-949
35. Rohde L.A., Biederman J., Zimmermann H., Schmitz M., Martins S., and Tramontina S. Exploring ADHD age-of-onset criterion in Brazilian adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 9 (2000) 212-218
36. Faraone S.V., Biederman J., and Milberger S. How reliable are maternal reports of their children's psychopathology?. One-year recall of psychiatric diagnoses of ADHD children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 34 (1995) 1001-1008
37. Angold A., and Costello E.J. Puberty and depression. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin North Am 15 (2006) 919-937 ix