Ecological modelling in a sea of variable stoichiometry: Dysfunctionality and the legacy of Redfield and Monod

Progress in Oceanography

Volumn 84, Issue 1-2, 2010, Pages 52-65

  Flynn, Kevin J ^a  

^a SWANSEA UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APRIORI; BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLING; BIOLOGICAL STUDIES; CLIMATE CHANGE SIMULATIONS; COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS; ECOLOGICAL MODELLING; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITIONS; EXPERIMENTAL DATA; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; KNOWLEDGE BASE; MODEL SIMULATION; MONOD MODEL; NUTRIENT LIMITATIONS; PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTION; SIGNIFICANT FACTORS; TYPE II;

ALGAE CONTROL; CLIMATE CHANGE; ECOLOGY; GROWTH KINETICS; KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS; NUTRIENTS; PHYTOPLANKTON; STOICHIOMETRY;

CLIMATE MODELS;

BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE; CLIMATE CHANGE; ECOLOGICAL MODELING; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; GROWTH RATE; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; PHYTOPLANKTON; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTION; REDFIELD RATIO; STOICHIOMETRY;

EID: 76749110210     PISSN: 00796611     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2009.09.006     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Andersen T. Pelagic Nutrient Cycles: Herbivores as Sources and Sinks. Ecological Studies vol. 129 (1979), Springer-Verlag, Berlin
2. Anderson T.R. Plankton functional type modelling: running before we can walk?. Journal of Plankton Research 27 (2005) 1073-1081
3. Aumont O., Maier-Reimer E., Blain S., and Monfray P. An ecosystem model of the global ocean including Fe, Si, P co-limitations. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 17 (2003) 1060 10.1029/ 2001GB001745
4. Baklouti M., Diaz F., Pinazo C., Faure V., and Quéguiner B. Investigation of mechanistic formulations depicting phytoplankton dynamics for models of marine pelagic ecosystems and descriptions of a new model. Progress in Oceanography 71 (2006) 1-33
5. Begon M., Harper J.L., and Townsend C.R. Ecology (1990), Blackwell Sciences, Oxford UK
6. Beinfang P.K., Harrison P.J., and Quarmby L.M. Sinking rates response to depletion of nitrate, phosphate and silicate in four marine diatoms. Marine Biology 67 (1982) 295-302
7. Blackford J.C., Allen J.I., and Gilbert F.J. Ecosystem dynamics at six contrasting sites: a generic modelling study. Journal of Marine Systems 52 (2004) 191-215
8. Boyd P.W., Watson A.J., Law C.S., Abraham E.R., Trull T., Murdoch R., Bakker D.C.E., Bowie A.R., Buesseler K.O., Chang H., Charette M., Croot P., Downing K., Frew R., Gall M., Hadfield M., Hall J., Harvey M., Jameson G., LaRoche J., Liddicoat M., Ling R., Maldonado M.T., McKay R.M., Nodder S., Pickmere S., Pridmore R., Rintoul S., Safi K., Sutton P., Strzepek R., Tanneberger K., Turner S., Waite A., and Zeldis J. A mesoscale phytoplankton bloom in the polar Southern Ocean stimulated by iron fertilization. Nature 407 (2000) 695-702
9. Brussaard C.P.D. Viral control of phytoplankton populations - a review. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 51 (2004) 125-138
10. Burmaster D.E. The continuous culture of phytoplankton: mathematical equivalence among three steady-state models. American Naturalist 113 (1979) 123-134
11. Burmaster D.E. The unsteady continuous culture of phosphate-limited Monochrysis lutheri Droop: experimental and theoretical analysis. Journal of experimental marine Biology and Ecology 39 (1979) 167-186
12. Christian J.R. Biogeochemical cycling in the oligotrophic ocean: Redfield and non-Redfield models. Limnology and Oceanography 50 (2005) 646-657
13. Davidson K., and Gurney W.S.C. An investigation of non-steady-state algal growth. II. Mathematical modelling of conutrient-limited algal growth. Journal of Plankton Research 21 (1999) 839-858
14. DeMott W.R., Gulati R.D., and Siewertsen K. Effects of phosphorus-deficient diets on the carbon and phosphorus balance of Daphnia magna. Limnology and Oceanography 43 (1998) 1147-1161
15. 12 and marine ecology. IV. The kinetics of uptake, growth, and inhibition in Monochrysis lutheri. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 48 (1968) 689-733
16. Dugdale R.C., and Goering J.J. Uptake of new and regenerated forms of nitrogen in primary production. Limnology and Oceanography 12 (1967) 196-206
17. Dugdale R.C., Wilkerson F.P., and Minas H.J. The role of the silicate pump in driving new production. Deep Sea Research 42 (1995) 697-720
18. Elser J.J., and Hassett R.P. A stoichiometric analysis of the zooplankton-phytoplankton interaction in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Nature 370 (1994) 211-213
19. Elser J.J., Acharya K., Kyle M., Cotner J., Makino W., Markow T., Watts T., Hobbie S., Fagan W., Schade J., Hood J., and Sterner R.W. Growth rate-stoichiometry couplings in diverse biota. Ecology Letters 6 (2003) 936-943
20. Evans G.T., and Garçon V.C. One-dimensional models of water column biogeochemistry. JGOFS Report. 23/97 (1997), JGOFS Bergen, Norway
21. Falkowski P.G. Rationalizing elemental ratios in unicellular algae. Journal of Phycology 36 (2000) 3-6
22. Falkowski P.G., Barber R.T., and Smetacek V. Biogeochemical controls and feedbacks on ocean primary production. Science 281 (1998) 200-206
23. Fasham M.J.R. Modelling the marine biota. In: Heimann M. (Ed). The Global Cycle, NATO ASI Series vol. I15 (1993), Springer-Verlag, Berlin 457-504
24. Fasham M.J.R., Ducklow H.W., and McKelvie S.M. A nitrogen-based model of plankton dynamics in the oceanic mixed layer. Journal of Marine Research 48 (1990) 591-639
25. Fasham M.J.R., Flynn K.J., Pondaven P., Anderson T.R., and Boyd P.W. Development of a robust ecosystem model to predict the role of iron on biogeochemical cycles: a comparison of results for iron-replete and iron-limited areas, and the SOIREE iron-enrichment experiment. Deep-Sea Research I 53 (2006) 333-366
26. Fehling J., Davidson K., Bolch C.J., and Bates S.S. Growth and domoic acid production by Psudo-nitzschia seriata (Bacillariophyceae) under phosphate and silicate limitation. Journal of Phycology 40 (2004) 674-683
27. Flynn K.J. Nutrient limitation of marine microbial production: fact or artifact?. Chemistry & Ecology 4 (1989) 1-13
28. Flynn K.J. Interaction between nutrient and predator limitation of production in the marine euphotic zone. Chemistry & Ecology 4 (1989) 21-36
29. Flynn K.J. A mechanistic model for describing dynamic multi-nutrient, light, temperature interactions in phytoplankton. Journal of Plankton Research 23 (2001) 977-997
30. Flynn K.J. How critical is the critical N:P ratio?. Journal of Phycology 38 (2002) 961-970
31. Flynn K.J. Modelling multi-nutrient interactions in phytoplankton; balancing simplicity and realism. Progress in Oceanography 56 (2003) 249-279
32. Flynn K.J. Modelling marine phytoplankton growth under eutrophic conditions. Journal of Sea Research 54 (2005) 92-103
33. Flynn K.J. Castles built on sand; dysfunctional plankton models and the failure of the biology-modelling interface. Journal of Plankton Research 27 (2005) 1205-1210
34. Flynn K.J. The importance of the form of the quota curve and control of non-limiting nutrient transport in phytoplankton models. Journal of Plankton Research 30 (2008) 423-438
35. Flynn K.J. Use, abuse, misconceptions and insights from quota models: the Droop cell-quota model 40 years on. Oceanography & Marine Biology: An Annual Review 46 (2008) 1-23
36. Flynn K.J. Food-density dependent inefficiency in animals with a gut as a stabilising mechanism in trophic dynamics. Proceedings of the Royal Society London, B 276 (2009) 1147-1152
37. Flynn K.J., and Davidson K. Predator-prey interactions between Isochrysis galbana and Oxyrrhis marina. II. Release of non-protein amines and faeces during predation of Isochrysis. Journal of Plankton Research 15 (1993) 893-905
38. Flynn K.J., Clark D.R., and Xue Y. Modelling the release of dissolved organic matter by phytoplankton. Journal of Phycology 44 (2008) 1171-1187
39. Follows M.J., Dutkiewicz S., Grant S., and Chisholm S.W. Emergent biogeography of microbial communities in a model ocean. Science 315 (2007) 1843-1846
40. Geider R.J., and La Roche J. Redfield revisited: variability of C:N:P in marine microalgae and its biochemical basis. European Journal of Phycology 37 (2002) 1-17
41. Gentleman W., Leising A., Frost B., Strom S., and Murray J. Functional responses for zooplankton feeding on multiple resources: a review of assumptions and biological dynamics. Deep Sea Research, II. 50 (2003) 2847-2875
42. Goldman J.C., McCarthy J.J., and Peavey D.G. Growth rate influence on the chemical composition of phytoplankton in oceanic waters. Nature 294 (1979) 210-215
43. Granéli E., and Flynn K.J. Chemical and physical factors influencing toxin production. In: Granéli E., and Turner J.T. (Eds). Ecology of Harmful Algae, Ecological Studies vol. 189 (2006), Springer-Verlag, Berlin 229-241
44. Grassl H. Status and improvements of coupled general circulation models. Science 288 (2000) 1991-1997
45. Hansen B., Bjornsen P.K., and Hansen P.J. The size ratio between planktonic predators and their prey. Limnology and Oceanography 39 (1994) 395-403
46. Heldal M., Scanlan D.J., Norland S., Thingstad F., and Mann N.H. Elemental composition of single cells of various strains of marine Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus using X-ray microanalysis. Limnology and Oceanography 48 (2003) 1732-1743
47. Hessen D.O., and Andersen T. The algae-grazer interface: Feedback mechanisms linked to elemental ratios and nutrient cycling. Archive fur Hydrobiologie Beihefte Ergebnisse der Limnologie 35 (1992) 111-120
48. Hooper D.U., Chapin F.S., Ewel J.J., Hector A., Inchausti P., Lavorel S., Lawton J.H., Lodge D.M., Loreau M., Naeem S., et al. Effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning: a consensus of current knowledge. Ecological Monograph 75 (2005) 3-35
49. Irigoien X. Reply to Horizons article 'Castles built on sand; dysfunctional plankton models and the failure of the biology-modelling interface' Flynn (2005). Shiny mathematical castles built on grey biological sands. Journal Plankton Research 28 (2006) 965-967
50. John E.H., and Flynn K.J. Modelling changes in paralytic shellfish toxin content of dinoflagellates in response to nitrogen and phosphorus supply. Marine Ecology Progress Series 225 (2002) 147-160
51. Jones R.H., and Flynn K.J. Nutritional status and diet composition affect the value of diatoms as copepod prey. Science 307 (2005) 1457-1459
52. Jones R.H., Flynn K.J., and Anderson T.R. Effect of food quality on carbon and nitrogen growth efficiency in the copepod Acartia tonsa. Marine Ecology Progress Series 235 (2002) 147-156
53. Klausmeier C.A., Litchman E., Daufresne T., and Levin S.A. Optimal nitrogen-to-phosphorus stoichiometry of phytoplankton. Nature 429 (2004) 171-174
54. Klausmeier C.A., Litchman E., and Levin S.A. Phytoplankton growth and stoichiometry under multiple nutrient limitations. Limnology and Oceanography 49 (2004) 1463-1470
55. Koski M., Breteler W.K., and Schogt N. Effect of food quality on rate of growth and development of the pelagic copepod Pseudocalanus elongatus (Copepoda, Calanoida). Marine Ecology Progress Series 170 (1998) 169-187
56. Koski M., Breteler W.K., Schogt N., Gonzalez S., and Jakobsen H.H. Life-stage-specific differences in exploitation of food mixtures: diet mixing enhances copepod egg production but not juvenile development. Journal of Plankton Research 28 (2006) 919-936
57. LaRoche J., and Breitbarth E. Importance of the diazotrophs as a source of new nitrogen in the ocean. Journal of Sea Research 53 (2005) 67-91
58. Le Quéré C., Harrison S.P., Prentice I.C., Buitenhuis E.T., Aumont O., Bopp L., Claustre H., Da Cunha L.C., Geifer R., Giraud X., Klass C., Kohfield K., Legendre L., Manizza M., Platt T., Rivkin R.B., Sathyendranath S., Uitz J., Watson A.J., and Wolf-Gladrow D. Ecosystem dynamics based on plankton functional types for global ocean biogeochemistry models. Global Change Biology 11 (2005) 2016-2040
59. Lenton T.M., and Klausmeier C.A. Biotic stoichiometric controls on the deep ocean N:P ratio. Biogeosciences 4 (2007) 353-367
60. Link J.S., Stockhausen W.T., and Methratta E.T. Food-web theory in marine ecosystems. In: Belgrano A., Scharler U.M., Dunne J., and Ulanowicz R.E. (Eds). Aqautic Food Webs; An Ecosystem Approach (2005), Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK 98-113
61. Liss P.S., Hatton A.D., Malin G., Nightingale P.D., and Turner S.M. Marine sulphur emissions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London Series B Biological Sciences 352 (1997) 159-168
62. Maar M., Arin L., Simo R., Sala M.M., Peters F., and Marrase C. Combined effects of nutrients and small-scale turbulence in a microcosm experiment. II. Dynamics of organic matter and phosphorus. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 29 (2002) 63-72
63. Martin-Jézéquel V., Hildebrand M., and Brzezinski M. Silicon metabolism in diatoms: implications for growth. Journal of Phycology 36 (2000) 821-840
64. May R.M. Will a large complex system be stable?. Nature 238 (1975) 413-414
65. Mayor D.J., Anderson T.R., Irigoien X., and Harris R. Feeding and reproduction of Calanus finmarchicus during non-bloom conditions in the Irminger Sea. Journal of Plankton Research 28 (2006) 1167-1179
66. McCann K., Hastings A., and Huxel G.R. Weak trophic interactions and the balance of nature. Nature 395 (1998) 794-798
67. Mitra A. A multi-nutrient model for the description of stoichiometric modulation of predation (SMP) in micro- and mesozooplankton. Journal of Plankton Research 28 (2006) 597-611
68. Mitra A. Are closure terms appropriate or necessary descriptors of zooplankton loss in nutrient-phytoplankton-zooplankton type models?. Ecological Modelling 220 (2009) 611-620
69. Mitra A., and Flynn K.J. Predator-prey interactions: is "ecological stoichiometry" sufficient when good food goes bad?. Journal of Plankton Research 27 (2005) 393-399
70. Mitra A., and Flynn K.J. Promotion of harmful algal blooms by zooplankton predatory activity. Biology Letters 2 (2006) 194-197
71. Mitra A., and Flynn K.J. Accounting for variation in prey selectivity by zooplankton. Ecological Modelling 199 (2006) 82-92
72. Mitra A., and Flynn K.J. Importance of interactions between food quality, quantity and gut transit time on consumer feeding, growth and trophic dynamics. American Naturalist 169 (2007) 632-646
73. Mitra A., Flynn K.J., and Fasham M.J.R. Accounting correctly for grazing dynamics in Nutrient-Phytoplankton-Zooplankton models. Limnology and Oceanography 52 (2007) 649-661
74. Monod, J., 1942. Recherches sur la Coissance des Cultures Bactériennes, second ed. Hermann, Paris.
75. Monod J. The growth of bacterial cultures. Annual Review of Microbiology 3 (1949) 371-394
76. Moore J.K., Doney S.C., Kleypas J.A., Glover D.M., and Fung I.Y. An intermediate complexity marine ecosystem model for the global domain. Deep Sea Research II 49 (2002) 403-462
77. Redfield A.C. On the proportions of organic derivatives in sea water and their relation to the composition of plankton. In: Daniel R.J. (Ed). James Johnstone Memorial Volume (1934), University of Liverpool, UK 176-192
78. Redfield A.C. The biological control of chemical factors in the environment. American Scientist 46 (1958) 205-221
79. Sanudo-Wilhelmy S.A., Tovar-Sanchez A., Fu F.X., Capone D.G., Carpenter E.J., and Hutchins D.A. The impact pf surface-adsorbed phosphorus on phytoplankton Redfield stoichiometry. Nature 432 (2004) 897-901
80. Sarmiento J.L., and Gruber N. Ocean Biogeochemical Dynamics (2006), Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, USA
81. Sarthou G., Timmermans K.R., Blain S., and Treguer P. Growth physiology and fate of diatoms in the ocean: a review. Journal of Sea Research 53 (2005) 25-42
82. Shuter B. A model of physiological adaptation in unicellular algae. Journal of Theoretical Biology 78 (1979) 519-552
83. Smayda T.J. The suspension and sinking of phytoplankton in the sea. Oceanography and Marine Biology - An Annual Review 8 (1970) 353-414
84. Sterner R.W., and Elser J.J. Ecological Stoichiometry: The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere (2002), Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, USA
85. Tett P., and Droop M.R. Cell quota models and planktonic primary production. In: Wimpenny J.W.T. (Ed). Handbook of Laboratory Systems for Microbial Ecosystems vol. 2 (1988), CRC Press, Florida, USA 77-233
86. Tilman D. The ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity: a search for general principles. Ecology 80 (1999) 1455-1474
87. Tozzi S., Schofield O., and Falkowski P. Historical climate change and ocean turbulence as selective agents for two key phytoplankton functional groups. Marine Ecology Progress Series 274 (2004) 123-132
88. Turpin D.H., and Harrison P.J. Limiting nutrient patchness and its role in phytoplankton ecology. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 39 (1979) 151-166
89. Yearsley J., Tolkamp B.J., and Illius A.W. Theoretical developments in the study and prediction of food intake. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 60 (2001) 145-156