High ozone levels in the northeast of Portugal: Analysis and characterization

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 44, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 1020-1031

  Carvalho, A ^a   Monteiro, A ^a   Ribeiro, I ^a   Tchepel, O ^a   Miranda, A I ^a   Borrego, C ^a   Saavedra, S ^b   Souto, J A ^b   Casares, J J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AVEIRO   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Back trajectories analysis; High ozone episodes; Long range transport; Spectral analysis; Synoptic patterns anomalies

Indexed keywords

ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION; ATMOSPHERIC ANOMALY; ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS; BACK TRAJECTORIES; CIRCULATION PATTERNS; CLUSTERING METHODS; DIFFERENT FREQUENCY; FREQUENCY DOMAINS; GALICIA; IBERIAN PENINSULA; LONG RANGE TRANSPORT; METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS; OZONE CONCENTRATION; OZONE EPISODES; OZONE LEVELS; OZONE PEAK; PHOTOCHEMICAL PRODUCTION; PORTUGAL; SPECTRAL ANALYSIS; STRONG WINDS; TEMPERATURE ANOMALY;

ATMOSPHERIC MOVEMENTS; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; COASTAL ZONES; FLOW PATTERNS; OZONE; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; SPECTRUM ANALYZERS; TRAJECTORIES;

AIR POLLUTION;

OZONE;

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; LONG RANGE TRANSPORT; OZONE; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; SPECTRAL ANALYSIS; SUMMER; TEMPERATURE ANOMALY; TIME SERIES ANALYSIS; WESTERLY;

AIR POLLUTION; AIR TEMPERATURE; ARTICLE; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); POLLUTION MONITORING; POLLUTION TRANSPORT; PORTUGAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEASONAL VARIATION; WIND;

GALICIA [SPAIN]; IBERIAN PENINSULA; PORTUGAL; SPAIN;

EID: 75249101435     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.12.020     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Alonso S., Portela A., and Ramis C. First considerations on the structure and development of the Iberian thermal low-pressure system. Annales Geophysicae 12 (1994) 457-468
2. Aneja V., Claiborn C., Li Z., and Murthy A. Trends, seasonal variations, and analysis of high-elevation surface nitric acid, ozone and hydrogen peroxide. Atmospheric Environment 28 (1994) 1781-1790
3. Atlas E.L., Ridley B.A., and Cantrell C.A. The tropospheric ozone production about the spring equinox (TOPSE) experiment: introduction. Journal of Geophysical Research 108 D4 (2003) 10.1029/2002JD003172
4. Borrego C., Miranda A.I., Coutinho M., Ferreira J., and Carvalho A.C. Air quality management in Portugal: example of needs and available tools. Environmental Pollution 120 (2002) 115-123
5. Borrego C., Tchepel O., Costa A.M., Amorim J.H., and Miranda A.I. Emission and dispersion modelling of Lisbon air quality at local scale. Atmospheric Environment 37 (2003) 5197-5205
6. Brauer M., and Brook J.R. Ozone personal exposure and health effect for selected groups residing in the Fraser Valley. Atmospheric Environment 31 (1997) 113-121
7. Bytnerowicz A., Fenn M.E., Miller P.R., and Arbaugh M.J. Wet and dry pollutant deposition to the mixed conifer forest. In: Miller P.R., and McBride J.R. (Eds). Oxidant Air Pollution Impacts in the Montane Forests of Southern California (1999), Springer, New York 235-269
8. Chevalier A., Gheusi F., Delmas R., Ordonez C., Sarrat C., Zbinden R., Thouret V., Athier G., and Cousin J.M. Influence of altitude on ozone levels and variability in the lower troposphere: a ground-based study for Western Europe over the period 2001-2004. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7 (2007) 4311-4326
9. Comrie A.C., and Yarnal B. Relationships between synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation and ozone concentrations in Metropolitan Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Atmospheric Environment (1992) 10.1016/0957-1272(92)90006-E
10. De Leeuw F. Trends in ground level ozone concentrations in the European Union. Environmental Science and Policy 3 (2000) 189-199
11. Delcloo A.W., and De Backer H. Five day 3D back trajectory clusters and trends analysis of the Uccle ozone sounding time series in the lower troposphere (1969-2001). Atmospheric Environment 42 (2008) 4419-4432
12. Delsol, C., Dee, D., Uppala, S., Bormann, N., Thépaut, J.N., Bauner, P., 2008. Use of Reprocessed AMVs in the ECMWF Interim Reanalysis. 9th International Winds Workshop, Annapolis, US, 14-18 April 2008. Available online at: http://www.eumetsat.int/.
13. 3 and PM10 levels at a rural mid-latitude site. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9 (2009) 2695-2714
14. Diem J.E. Atmospheric characteristics conducive to high-ozone days in the Atlanta metropolitan area. Atmospheric Environment (2009) 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.050
15. Donev E., Zeller K., and Avramov A. Preliminary background ozone concentrations in the mountain and coastal areas of Bulgaria. Environmental Pollution 117 (2002) 281-286
16. Draxler R.R., and Hess G.D. An overview of the HYSPLIT modelling system for trajectories, dispersion, and deposition. Australian Meteorological Magazine 47 (1998) 295-308
17. Draxler R.R., and Hess G.D. Description of the HYSPLIT 4 Modelling System. Techinal Memorandum ERL ARL-224 (2004), NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD. http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready/hysplit4.html Available online at:
18. Dueñas C., Fernández C.M., Cañete S., Carretero J., and Liger E. Analyses of ozone in urban and rural sites in Málaga (Spain). Chemosphere 56 (2004) 631-639
19. Evtyugina M.G., Nunes T., Alves C., and Marques M.C. Photochemical pollution in a rural mountainous area in the northeast of Portugal. Atmospheric Research 92 (2009) 151-158
20. Evtyugina M.G., Nunes T., Pio C.A., and Costa C.S. Photochemical pollution under sea breeze conditions, during summer, at the Portuguese West Coast. Atmospheric Environment 33 (2006) 6277-6293
21. Flocas H., Kelessis A., Helmis C., Petrakakis M., Zoumakis M., and Pappas K. Synoptic and local scale atmospheric circulation associated with air pollution episodes in an urban Mediterranean area. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 95 (2009) 265-277 10.1007/s00704-008-0005-9
22. Gama C., Nunes T., Marques M.C., and Ferreira F. Contribution of long-range transport to the ozone levels recorded in the Northeast of Portugal. Geophysical Research Abstracts 11 (2009). http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2009/EGU2009-11256-1.pdf EGU2009-11256-1, 2009. EGU General Assembly 2009. Available online at:
23. Giorgi F., and Meleux F. Modelling the regional effects of climate change on air quality. Comptes Rendus Geosciences 339 (2007) 721-733
24. x concentrations at high altitude Mediterranean site, Greece. Atmospheric Environment 33 (1999) 3813-3820
25. 3 transport. Geophysical Research Abstracts 10 (2008) EGU2008-A-09628
26. Hogsett W.E., Weber J.E., Tingey D.T., Herstrom A.A., Lee E.H., and Laurence J.A. An approach for characterizing tropospheric ozone risk to forests. Environmental Management 21 (1997) 105-120
27. Hoinka K.P., Carvalho A., and Miranda A.I. Regional-scale weather patterns and wildland fires in Central Portugal. International Journal of Wildland Fire 18 (2009) 36-49 10.1071/WF07045
28. Hoinka K.P., and Castro M. The Iberian Peninsula thermal low. The Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 129 (2003) 1491-1511 (Corrigendum, The Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 132 (2006), 1377)
29. Jorba O., Pérez C., Rocadenbosch F., and Baldasano J.M. Cluster analysis of 4-day back trajectories arriving in the Barcelona area, Spain, from 1997 to 2002. Journal of Applied Meteorology 43 6 (2004) 887-901
30. JRC - Joint Research Centre, 2006. Forest Fires in Europe 2005. EUR 22312 EN© European Communities 2006.
31. Kalabokas P.D., Mihalopoulos N., Ellul R., Kleanthous S., and Repapis C.C. An investigation of the meteorological and photochemical factors influencing the background rural and marine surface ozone levels in the Central and Eastern Mediterranean. Atmospheric Environment 42 (2008) 7894-7906
32. Kalkstein L.S., Tan G., and Skindlov J.A. An evaluation of three clustering procedures for use in synoptic climatological classification. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology 26 (1987) 717-730
33. Kanamitsu M. Description of the NMC global data assimilation and forecast system. Weather and Forecasting 4 (1989) 335-342
34. Kassomenos, P., Papaloukas, C., Vardoulakis, S., Borge, R., Lumbreras, J., Karakitsio, S., 2007. Comparison of hierarchical, non-hierarchical and neural network clustering techniques for the classification of atmospheric back trajectories. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Harmonization within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes. Cambridge, UK, July 2-5, 2007.
35. Lefhon A.S. Surface Level Ozone Exposures and Their Effects on Vegetation (1992), Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI. 0873711696 p. 366
36. Lindskog A., Beekmann M., Monks P., Roemer M., Schuepbach E., and Solberg S. Tropospheric ozone research - overview of subproject TOR-2. (Chapter 13). In: Midgley P.M., and Reuther M. (Eds). Towards Cleaner Air for Europe - Science, Tools and Applications Part 2. Overviews from the Final Reports of the EUROTRAC-2 Subprojects (2003). 3-8236-1391-X 251-270
37. Monteiro A., Vautard R., Borrego C., and Miranda A.I. Long-term simulations of photo oxidant pollution over Portugal using the CHIMERE model. Atmospheric Environment 39 (2005) 3089-3101
38. Oltmans S.J., Lefohnb A.S., Harrisa J.M., Galballyd I., Scheele H.E., Bodekerf G., Brunkeg E., Claudeh H., Tarasicki D., Johnsona B.J., Simmondsj P., Shadwickk D., Anlaufi K., Haydeni K., Schmidlinl F., Fujimotom T., Akagim K., Meyerd C., Nicholn S., Daviesi J., Redondaso A., and Cuevaso E. Long-term changes in tropospheric ozone. Atmospheric Environment 40 17 (2006) 3156-3173 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.01.029
39. Ozen B.F., Mauer L.J., and Floros I.D. Effects of ozone exposure on the structural, mechanical and barrier properties of select plastic packaging film. Packaging Technology & Science 15 (2002) 301-311 10.1002/pts.602
40. Percival D., and Walden A. Spectral Analysis for Physical Applications (1998), Cambridge University Press
41. Pereira M.G., Trigo R.M., da Camara C.C., Pereira J.M.C., and Leite S.M. Synoptic patterns associated with large summer forest fires in Portugal. Agriculture and Forest Meteorology 129 (2005) 11-25
42. Puxbaum H., Gabler K., Smidt S., and Glattes F. A one year record of ozone profiles in an alpine valley (Zittertal/Tyrol, Austria, 600-2000 m.a.s.l.). Atmospheric Environment 25A (1991) 1756-1759
43. Sanz M.J., and Millan M.M. Ozone in the Mediterranean region: evidence of injury to vegetation. In: Innes J.L., and Oleksyn J. (Eds) (2000), Forest Dynamics in Heavily Polluted Regions. CAB International 165-192
44. SAS Institute Inc. SAS OnlineDoc®, Version 9.1.3 (2004), SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC
45. Skelly J.M., Savage J.E., Bauer M.L., and Alvarado D. Observations of ozone-induced foliar injury on black cherry (Prunus serotina, var. capuli) within the Desierto de Los Leones National Park, Mexico City. Environmental Pollution 95 2 (1997) 155-158
46. Stohl A. Computation, accuracy and applications of trajectories - a review and bibliography. Atmospheric Environment 32 (1998) 947-966
47. Stohl A., Haimberger L., Scheele M., and Wernli H. An intercomparison of results from three trajectory models. Meteorological Applications 8 (2001) 127-135
48. Stohl A., Wotawa G., Seibert P., and Kromp-Kolb H. Interpolation errors in wind fields as a function of spatial and temporal resolution and their impact on different types of kinematic trajectories. Journal of Applied Meteorology 34 (1995) 2149-2165
49. Stull R.B. An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology (1988), Kluwer Academic Publishers
50. Stunder B.J.B. An assessment of the quality of forecast trajectories. Journal of Applied Meteorology 35 (1996) 1319-1331
51. Tchepel O., Costa A.M., Martins H., Ferreira J., Monteiro A., Miranda A.I., and Borrego C. Determination of background concentrations for air quality models using spectral analysis and filtering of monitoring data. Atmospheric Environment (2009) 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.08.038
52. Uppala S.M., Kallberg P.W., Simmons A.J., Andrae U., Da Costa Bechtold V., Fiorino M., Gibson J.K., Haseler J., Hernandez A., Kelly G.A., Li X., Onogi K., et al. The ERA re-analysis. The Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 131 (2005) 2961-3012
53. van Elteren P.H. On the combination of independent two-sample tests of Wilcoxon. Bulletin of the International Statistical Institute 37 (1960) 351-361
54. Van Ooy D., and Carroll J.J. Spatial variation of ozone climatology on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada. Atmospheric Environment 29 11 (1995) 1319-1330
55. Vingarzan R. A review of surface ozone background levels and trends. Atmospheric Environment 38 21 (2004) 3431-3442 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.030
56. Wang Y., Ridley B., Fried A., Cantrell C., Davis D., Chen G., Snow J., Heikes B., Talbot R., Dibb J., Flocke F., Weinheimer A., Blake N., Blake D., Shetter R., Lefer B., Atlas E., Coffey M., Walega J., and Wert B. Springtime photochemistry at northern mid and high latitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research 108 D4 (2003) 10.1029/2002JD002227
57. WMO - World Meteorological Organization. Drought Monitoring and Early Warning: Concepts, Progress and Future Challenges. WMO-No. 1006 © 2006 (2006), World Meteorological Organization. 92-63-11006-9