메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 185, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 829-840

Changes in sexual organ reciprocity and phenotypic floral integration during the tristyly-distyly transition in Oxalis alpina

Author keywords

Constraints; Distyly; Floral integration; Flower morphology; Heterostyly; Phenotypic evolution; Phenotypic matrix; Tristyly

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; ALLOMETRY; DICOTYLEDON; FLORAL TRAIT; MORPHOLOGY; PHENOTYPE; PLEIOTROPY; POLLINATION; RECIPROCITY; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTERISTICS;

EID: 74549161650     PISSN: 0028646X     EISSN: 14698137     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03105.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (28)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 0029666873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure and morph-specific differences in tristylous Lythrum salicaria
    • Agren J, Ericson L. 1996. Population structure and morph-specific differences in tristylous Lythrum salicaria. Evolution 50 : 126 139.
    • (1996) Evolution , vol.50 , pp. 126-139
    • Agren, J.1    Ericson, L.2
  • 2
    • 53149119178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollinator-mediated selection on flower-tube length in a hawkmoth-pollinated Gladiolus (Iridaceae)
    • Alexandersson R, Johnson SD. 2002. Pollinator-mediated selection on flower-tube length in a hawkmoth-pollinated Gladiolus (Iridaceae). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B 269 : 631 636.
    • (2002) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B , vol.269 , pp. 631-636
    • Alexandersson, R.1    Johnson, S.D.2
  • 3
    • 33744740366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relaxed pollinator-mediated selection weakens floral integration in self-compatible taxa of Leavenworthia (Brassicaceae)
    • Anderson IA, Busch JW. 2006. Relaxed pollinator-mediated selection weakens floral integration in self-compatible taxa of Leavenworthia (Brassicaceae). American Journal of Botany 93 : 860 867.
    • (2006) American Journal of Botany , vol.93 , pp. 860-867
    • Anderson, I.A.1    Busch, J.W.2
  • 4
    • 0033302471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Covariance and decoupling of floral and vegetative traits in nine Neotropical plants: A re-evaluation of Berg's correlation pleiades concept
    • Armbruster WS, di Stilio VS, Flores TC, Velásquez Runk JL. 1999. Covariance and decoupling of floral and vegetative traits in nine Neotropical plants: a re-evaluation of Berg's correlation pleiades concept. American Journal of Botany 86 : 39 55.
    • (1999) American Journal of Botany , vol.86 , pp. 39-55
    • Armbruster, W.S.1    Di Stilio, V.S.2    Flores, T.C.3    Velásquez Runk, J.L.4
  • 5
    • 0842323522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floral integration, modularity and accuracy: Distinguishing complex adaptations from genetic constraints
    • In. Pigliucci, M. Preston, K. eds. New York, NY, USA. Oxford University Press
    • Armbruster WS, Pélabon C, Hansen TF, Mulder CPH. 2004. Floral integration, modularity and accuracy: distinguishing complex adaptations from genetic constraints. In : Pigliucci M, Preston K, eds. Phenotypic integration: studying the ecology and evolution of complex phenotypes. New York, NY, USA : Oxford University Press, 23 49.
    • (2004) Phenotypic Integration: Studying the Ecology and Evolution of Complex Phenotypes , pp. 23-49
    • Armbruster, W.S.1    Pélabon, C.2    Hansen, T.F.3    Mulder, C.P.H.4
  • 6
    • 0027060065 scopus 로고
    • Constraints on phenotypic evolution
    • Arnold SJ. 1992. Constraints on phenotypic evolution. American Naturalist 140 : S85 S107.
    • (1992) American Naturalist , vol.140
    • Arnold, S.J.1
  • 7
    • 0141427882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on the evolution of males and sexual dimorphism: Field estimates of genetic architecture of reproductive traits in three populations of gynodioecious Fragaria virginiana
    • Ashman TL. 2003. Constraints on the evolution of males and sexual dimorphism: field estimates of genetic architecture of reproductive traits in three populations of gynodioecious Fragaria virginiana. Evolution 57 : 2012 2025.
    • (2003) Evolution , vol.57 , pp. 2012-2025
    • Ashman, T.L.1
  • 8
    • 0242660709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration and modularity in the evolution of sexual ornaments. An overlooked perspective
    • Pigliucci, M. Preston, K. eds. New York, NY, USA. Oxford University Press
    • Badyaev AV. 2004. Integration and modularity in the evolution of sexual ornaments. An overlooked perspective. In : Pigliucci M, Preston K, eds. Phenotypic integration: studying the ecology and evolution of complex phenotypes. New York, NY, USA : Oxford University Press, 50 79.
    • (2004) Phenotypic Integration: Studying the Ecology and Evolution of Complex Phenotypes. , pp. 50-79
    • Badyaev, A.V.1
  • 9
    • 0022220616 scopus 로고
    • On the Darwinian hypothesis of the adaptive significance of tristyly
    • Barrett SCH, Glover DE. 1985. On the Darwinian hypothesis of the adaptive significance of tristyly. Evolution 39 : 766 774.
    • (1985) Evolution , vol.39 , pp. 766-774
    • Barrett, S.C.H.1    Glover, D.E.2
  • 10
    • 2542443881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlated evolution of floral morphology and mating-type frequencies in a sexually polymorphic plant
    • Barrett SCH, Harder LD, Cole WW. 2004. Correlated evolution of floral morphology and mating-type frequencies in a sexually polymorphic plant. Evolution 58 : 964 975.
    • (2004) Evolution , vol.58 , pp. 964-975
    • Barrett, S.C.H.1    Harder, L.D.2    Cole, W.W.3
  • 11
    • 0000096242 scopus 로고
    • The ecological significance of correlation Pleiades
    • Berg RL. 1960. The ecological significance of correlation Pleiades. Evolution 14 : 171 180.
    • (1960) Evolution , vol.14 , pp. 171-180
    • Berg, R.L.1
  • 12
    • 0029659641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of evolutionary constraints in ecological time scales
    • Björklund M. 1996. The importance of evolutionary constraints in ecological time scales. Evolutionary Ecology 10 : 423 431.
    • (1996) Evolutionary Ecology , vol.10 , pp. 423-431
    • Björklund, M.1
  • 13
    • 67650760216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using phenotypic manipulations to study multivariate selection of floral traits associations
    • Campbell DR. 2009. Using phenotypic manipulations to study multivariate selection of floral traits associations. Annals of Botany 103 : 1557 1566.
    • (2009) Annals of Botany , vol.103 , pp. 1557-1566
    • Campbell, D.R.1
  • 14
    • 0000576345 scopus 로고
    • The evolution and breakdown of tristyly
    • Charlesworth D. 1979. The evolution and breakdown of tristyly. Evolution 33 : 489 498.
    • (1979) Evolution , vol.33 , pp. 489-498
    • Charlesworth, D.1
  • 15
    • 0000063229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological integration: Forty years later
    • In. Olson, E.C. Miller, R.L. eds. Chicago, IL, USA. University of Chicago Press
    • Chernoff B, Magwene PM. 1999. Morphological integration: forty years later. In : Olson EC, Miller RL, eds. Morphological integration. Chicago, IL, USA : University of Chicago Press, 319 353.
    • (1999) Morphological Integration , pp. 319-353
    • Chernoff, B.1    Magwene, P.M.2
  • 16
    • 0030046282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of flower size and number on pollinator visitation to wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum
    • Conner J, Rush S. 1996. Effects of flower size and number on pollinator visitation to wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum. Oecologia 105 : 509 516.
    • (1996) Oecologia , vol.105 , pp. 509-516
    • Conner, J.1    Rush, S.2
  • 17
    • 0001315466 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of phenotypic and genetic correlations among morphological and life-history traits in wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum
    • Conner J, Via S. 1993. Patterns of phenotypic and genetic correlations among morphological and life-history traits in wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum. Evolution 47 : 704 711.
    • (1993) Evolution , vol.47 , pp. 704-711
    • Conner, J.1    Via, S.2
  • 18
    • 0037358673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of additive genetic variances and covariances for wild radish floral traits: Comparison between field and greenhouse environments
    • Conner J, Franks R, Stewart C. 2003. Expression of additive genetic variances and covariances for wild radish floral traits: comparison between field and greenhouse environments. Evolution 57 : 487 495.
    • (2003) Evolution , vol.57 , pp. 487-495
    • Conner, J.1    Franks, R.2    Stewart, C.3
  • 21
    • 0343683442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morph-biased male sterility in the tropical distylous shrub Erythroxylum havanense (Erythroxylaceae)
    • Domínguez CA, Avila G, Vázquez-Santana S, Márquez J. 1997. Morph-biased male sterility in the tropical distylous shrub Erythroxylum havanense (Erythroxylaceae). American Journal of Botany 84 : 626 632.
    • (1997) American Journal of Botany , vol.84 , pp. 626-632
    • Domínguez, C.A.1    Avila, G.2    Vázquez-Santana, S.3    Márquez, J.4
  • 22
    • 0027088417 scopus 로고
    • Stochastic loss of style morphs from populations of tristylous Lythrum salicaria and Decodon verticillatus (Lythraceae)
    • Eckert CG, Barrett SCH. 1992. Stochastic loss of style morphs from populations of tristylous Lythrum salicaria and Decodon verticillatus (Lythraceae). Evolution 46 : 1014 1029.
    • (1992) Evolution , vol.46 , pp. 1014-1029
    • Eckert, C.G.1    Barrett, S.C.H.2
  • 23
    • 0028119458 scopus 로고
    • Tristyly, self-compatibility and floral variation in Decodon verticillatus (Lythraceae)
    • Eckert CG, Barrett SCH. 1994. Tristyly, self-compatibility and floral variation in Decodon verticillatus (Lythraceae). Biologial Journal of the Linnean Society 53 : 1 30.
    • (1994) Biologial Journal of the Linnean Society , vol.53 , pp. 1-30
    • Eckert, C.G.1    Barrett, S.C.H.2
  • 24
    • 0029661059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary consequences of extensive morph loss in tristylous Decodon verticillatus (Lythraceae): A shift from tristyly to distyly?
    • Eckert CG, Mavraganis K. 1996. Evolutionary consequences of extensive morph loss in tristylous Decodon verticillatus (Lythraceae): a shift from tristyly to distyly? American Journal of Botany 83 : 1024 1032.
    • (1996) American Journal of Botany , vol.83 , pp. 1024-1032
    • Eckert, C.G.1    Mavraganis, K.2
  • 25
    • 67649470762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic integration: Between zero and how much is too much
    • Fornoni J, Ordano M, Boege K, Domínguez CA. 2009. Phenotypic integration: between zero and how much is too much. New Phytologist 183 : 248 250.
    • (2009) New Phytologist , vol.183 , pp. 248-250
    • Fornoni, J.1    Ordano, M.2    Boege, K.3    Domínguez, C.A.4
  • 26
    • 0024895707 scopus 로고
    • Measuring pollinator-mediated selection on morphometric floral traits: Bumblebees and the alpine sky pilot, Polemonium viscosum
    • Galen C. 1989. Measuring pollinator-mediated selection on morphometric floral traits: bumblebees and the alpine sky pilot, Polemonium viscosum. Evolution 43 : 882 890.
    • (1989) Evolution , vol.43 , pp. 882-890
    • Galen, C.1
  • 28
    • 36248931897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing variational properties of homologous floral and vegetative characters in Dalechampia scandens: Testing the Berg Hypothesis
    • Hansen TF, Pélabon C, Armbruster WS. 2007. Comparing variational properties of homologous floral and vegetative characters in Dalechampia scandens: testing the Berg Hypothesis. Evolutionary Biology 34 : 86 98.
    • (2007) Evolutionary Biology , vol.34 , pp. 86-98
    • Hansen, T.F.1    Pélabon, C.2    Armbruster, W.S.3
  • 29
    • 67649511939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Questions about floral (dis)integration
    • Harder LD. 2009. Questions about floral (dis)integration. New Phytologist 183 : 247 248.
    • (2009) New Phytologist , vol.183 , pp. 247-248
    • Harder, L.D.1
  • 30
    • 0034886334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deconstructing a floral phenotype: Do pollinators select for corolla integration in Lavandula latifolia?
    • Herrera CM. 2001. Deconstructing a floral phenotype: do pollinators select for corolla integration in Lavandula latifolia? Journal of Evolutionary Biology 14 : 574 584.
    • (2001) Journal of Evolutionary Biology , vol.14 , pp. 574-584
    • Herrera, C.M.1
  • 32
    • 33845903860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic context of floral evolution: Towards an improved research programme in floral diversification
    • In. Harder, L.D. Barrett, S.C.H. eds. Oxford, UK. Oxford University Press
    • Herrera CM, Castellanos MC, Medrano M. 2006. Geographic context of floral evolution: towards an improved research programme in floral diversification. In : Harder LD, Barrett SCH, eds. Ecology and evolution of flowers. Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press, 278 294.
    • (2006) Ecology and Evolution of Flowers. , pp. 278-294
    • Herrera, C.M.1    Castellanos, M.C.2    Medrano, M.3
  • 33
    • 33644608041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mating patterns and demography in the tristylous daffodil Narcissus triandrus
    • Hodgins KA, Barrett SCH. 2006. Mating patterns and demography in the tristylous daffodil Narcissus triandrus. Heredity 96 : 262 270.
    • (2006) Heredity , vol.96 , pp. 262-270
    • Hodgins, K.A.1    Barrett, S.C.H.2
  • 34
    • 38849138479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic variation in floral morphology and style-morph ratios in a sexually polymorphic daffodil
    • Hodgins KA, Barrett SCH. 2008. Geographic variation in floral morphology and style-morph ratios in a sexually polymorphic daffodil. American Journal of Botany 95 : 185 195.
    • (2008) American Journal of Botany , vol.95 , pp. 185-195
    • Hodgins, K.A.1    Barrett, S.C.H.2
  • 35
    • 38949194655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollinator-driven speciation in plants
    • In. Harder, L.D. Barrett, S.C.H. eds. Oxford, UK. Oxford University Press
    • Johnson SD. 2006. Pollinator-driven speciation in plants. In : Harder LD, Barrett SCH, eds. Ecology and evolution of flowers. Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press, 311 325.
    • (2006) Ecology and Evolution of Flowers. , pp. 311-325
    • Johnson, S.D.1
  • 36
    • 0001374778 scopus 로고
    • Measuring selection and constraint in the evolution of growth
    • Kirkpatrick M, Lofsvold D. 1992. Measuring selection and constraint in the evolution of growth. Evolution 46 : 954 971.
    • (1992) Evolution , vol.46 , pp. 954-971
    • Kirkpatrick, M.1    Lofsvold, D.2
  • 38
    • 10244243923 scopus 로고
    • Heteromorphic incompatibility system under disruptive selection
    • Lewis D. 1975. Heteromorphic incompatibility system under disruptive selection. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B 188 : 247 256.
    • (1975) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B , vol.188 , pp. 247-256
    • Lewis, D.1
  • 39
    • 0342726292 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of dimorphism and population polymorphism in Pemphis acidula Forst
    • Lewis D, Rao AN. 1971. Evolution of dimorphism and population polymorphism in Pemphis acidula Forst. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B 178 : 79 94.
    • (1971) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B , vol.178 , pp. 79-94
    • Lewis, D.1    Rao, A.N.2
  • 40
    • 0002348362 scopus 로고
    • The selection of heterostyly
    • In. Barrett, S.C.H. ed. Berlin, Germany. Springer-Verlag
    • Lloyd DG, Webb CJ. 1992. The selection of heterostyly. In : Barrett SCH, ed. Evolution and function of heterostyly. Berlin, Germany : Springer-Verlag, 179 207.
    • (1992) Evolution and Function of Heterostyly. , pp. 179-207
    • Lloyd, D.G.1    Webb, C.J.2
  • 41
    • 0002275679 scopus 로고
    • Traditional morphometrics
    • In. Rohlf, F.J. Bookstein, F.L. eds. Special Publication No. 2. Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan
    • Marcus LF. 1990. Traditional morphometrics. In : Rohlf FJ, Bookstein FL, eds. Proceedings of the Michigan Morphometrics Workshop. Special Publication No. 2. Ann Arbor, MI, USA : Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 78 122.
    • (1990) Proceedings of the Michigan Morphometrics Workshop. , pp. 78-122
    • Marcus, L.F.1
  • 43
    • 0003913353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mathsoft Inc. Seattle, WA, USA. Mathsoft.
    • Mathsoft Inc. 1999. S-Plus 2000 guide to statistics. Seattle, WA, USA : Mathsoft.
    • (1999) S-Plus 2000 Guide to Statistics.
  • 44
    • 0141473065 scopus 로고
    • An overview of the flora of the Sky Islands, southeastern Arizona: Diversity, affinities, and insularity
    • In. DeBano, L.F. Gottfied, G.C. Hamre, R.H. Edminster, C.B. Folliot, P.F. Ortega-Rubio, A. eds. Fort Collins, CO, USA. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report RM-GTR-264
    • McLaughlin S. 1995. An overview of the flora of the Sky Islands, southeastern Arizona: diversity, affinities, and insularity. In : DeBano LF, Gottfied GC, Hamre RH, Edminster CB, Folliot PF, Ortega-Rubio A, eds. Biodiversity and management of the Madrean Archipielago: the Sky Islands of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Fort Collins, CO, USA : USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report RM-GTR-264, 60 70.
    • (1995) Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipielago: The Sky Islands of the Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico. , pp. 60-70
    • McLaughlin, S.1
  • 46
    • 0028178227 scopus 로고
    • Effects of floral traits, pollinator visitation, and plant size on Ipomopsis aggregata fruit production
    • Mitchell RJ. 1994. Effects of floral traits, pollinator visitation, and plant size on Ipomopsis aggregata fruit production. American Naturalist 143 : 870 889.
    • (1994) American Naturalist , vol.143 , pp. 870-889
    • Mitchell, R.J.1
  • 47
    • 0012198698 scopus 로고
    • The reproductive system of Oxalis priceae
    • Mulcahy DL. 1964. The reproductive system of Oxalis priceae. American Journal of Botany 51 : 1045 1050.
    • (1964) American Journal of Botany , vol.51 , pp. 1045-1050
    • Mulcahy, D.L.1
  • 48
    • 0023808390 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of flowers with deep corolla tubes
    • Nilsson LA. 1988. The evolution of flowers with deep corolla tubes. Nature 334 : 147 149.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.334 , pp. 147-149
    • Nilsson, L.A.1
  • 49
    • 0027131169 scopus 로고
    • Genetic constraints on the independent evolution of male and female reproductive characters in the tristylous plant Lythrum salicaria
    • O'Neil P, Schmitt J. 1993. Genetic constraints on the independent evolution of male and female reproductive characters in the tristylous plant Lythrum salicaria. Evolution 47 : 1457 1471.
    • (1993) Evolution , vol.47 , pp. 1457-1471
    • O'Neil, P.1    Schmitt, J.2
  • 52
    • 0001546404 scopus 로고
    • The breeding system of Oxalis suksdorfii
    • Ornduff R. 1964. The breeding system of Oxalis suksdorfii. American Journal of Botany 51 : 307 314.
    • (1964) American Journal of Botany , vol.51 , pp. 307-314
    • Ornduff, R.1
  • 53
    • 0002012820 scopus 로고
    • The breakdown of trimorphic incompatibility in Oxalis section Corniculatae
    • Ornduff R. 1972. The breakdown of trimorphic incompatibility in Oxalis section Corniculatae. Evolution 26 : 52 65.
    • (1972) Evolution , vol.26 , pp. 52-65
    • Ornduff, R.1
  • 54
    • 34547915208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic analysis of floral integration in Schizanthus (Solanaceae): Does pollination truly integrate corolla traits?
    • Pérez F, Arroyo MTK, Medel R. 2007. Phylogenetic analysis of floral integration in Schizanthus (Solanaceae): does pollination truly integrate corolla traits? Journal of Evolutionary Biology 20 : 1730 1738.
    • (2007) Journal of Evolutionary Biology , vol.20 , pp. 1730-1738
    • Pérez, F.1    Arroyo, M.T.K.2    Medel, R.3
  • 55
    • 35248865723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in pollinator faunas may generate geographic differences in floral morphology and integration in Narcissus papyraceus (Amaryllidaceae)
    • Pérez-Barrales R, Arroyo J, Armbruster WS. 2007. Differences in pollinator faunas may generate geographic differences in floral morphology and integration in Narcissus papyraceus (Amaryllidaceae). Oikos 116 : 1904 1918.
    • (2007) Oikos , vol.116 , pp. 1904-1918
    • Pérez-Barrales, R.1    Arroyo, J.2    Armbruster, W.S.3
  • 58
    • 0035989052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing G matrices: A MANOVA approach
    • Roff D. 2002. Comparing G matrices: A MANOVA approach. Evolution 56 : 1286 1291.
    • (2002) Evolution , vol.56 , pp. 1286-1291
    • Roff, D.1
  • 59
    • 49249115659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA. SAS.
    • SAS Institute Inc. 2005. JMP Version 5. Cary, NC, USA : SAS.
    • (2005) JMP Version 5.
  • 61
    • 0029838036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive radiation along genetic lines of least resistance
    • Schluter D. 1996. Adaptive radiation along genetic lines of least resistance. Evolution 50 : 1766 1774.
    • (1996) Evolution , vol.50 , pp. 1766-1774
    • Schluter, D.1
  • 62
    • 54849408192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection for character displacement is constrained by the genetic architecture of floral traits in the ivyleaf morning glory
    • Smith RA, Rausher MD. 2008. Selection for character displacement is constrained by the genetic architecture of floral traits in the ivyleaf morning glory. Evolution 62 : 2829 2841.
    • (2008) Evolution , vol.62 , pp. 2829-2841
    • Smith, R.A.1    Rausher, M.D.2
  • 63
    • 0001363143 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive radiation of reproductive characteristics in angiosperms. I: Pollination mechanisms
    • Stebbins GL. 1970. Adaptive radiation of reproductive characteristics in angiosperms. I: Pollination mechanisms. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1 : 307 326.
    • (1970) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , vol.1 , pp. 307-326
    • Stebbins, G.L.1
  • 65
    • 0021738452 scopus 로고
    • On the eigenvalue distribution of genetic and phenotypic dispersion matrices: Evidence for a nonrandom organization of quantitative character variation
    • Wagner GP. 1984. On the eigenvalue distribution of genetic and phenotypic dispersion matrices: evidence for a nonrandom organization of quantitative character variation. Journal of Mathematical Biology 21 : 77 95.
    • (1984) Journal of Mathematical Biology , vol.21 , pp. 77-95
    • Wagner, G.P.1
  • 66
    • 0031944731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and phenotypic correlations in plants: A botanical test of Cheverud's conjecture
    • Waitt DE, Levin DA. 1998. Genetic and phenotypic correlations in plants: a botanical test of Cheverud's conjecture. Heredity 80 : 310 319.
    • (1998) Heredity , vol.80 , pp. 310-319
    • Waitt, D.E.1    Levin, D.A.2
  • 67
    • 0008307846 scopus 로고
    • Variation in heterostylous reproductive systems among populations of Oxalis alpina in southeastern Arizona
    • Weller SG. 1979. Variation in heterostylous reproductive systems among populations of Oxalis alpina in southeastern Arizona. Systematic Botany 4 : 57 71.
    • (1979) Systematic Botany , vol.4 , pp. 57-71
    • Weller, S.G.1
  • 68
    • 84990424068 scopus 로고
    • Pollination biology of heteromorphic populations of Oxalis alpina (Rose) Knuth (Oxalidaceae) in south-eastern Arizona
    • Weller SG. 1981. Pollination biology of heteromorphic populations of Oxalis alpina (Rose) Knuth (Oxalidaceae) in south-eastern Arizona. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 83 : 189 198.
    • (1981) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , vol.83 , pp. 189-198
    • Weller, S.G.1
  • 69
    • 3343012506 scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing frequency of the mid-styled morph in tristylous populations of Oxalis alpina
    • Weller SG. 1986. Factors influencing frequency of the mid-styled morph in tristylous populations of Oxalis alpina. Evolution 40 : 279 289.
    • (1986) Evolution , vol.40 , pp. 279-289
    • Weller, S.G.1
  • 70
    • 0002854852 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary modifications to tristylous breeding systems
    • In. Barrett, S.C.H. ed. Berlin, Germany. Springer-Verlag
    • Weller SG. 1992. Evolutionary modifications to tristylous breeding systems. In : Barrett SCH, ed. Evolution and function of heterostyly. Berlin, Germany : Springer-Verlag, 247 272.
    • (1992) Evolution and Function of Heterostyly. , pp. 247-272
    • Weller, S.G.1
  • 71
    • 34347342593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of distyly from tristyly in populations of Oxalis alpina (Oxalidaceae) in the Sky Islands of the Sonoran Desert
    • Weller SG, Domínguez CA, Molina-Freaner FE, Fornoni J, LeBuhn G. 2007. The evolution of distyly from tristyly in populations of Oxalis alpina (Oxalidaceae) in the Sky Islands of the Sonoran Desert. American Journal of Botany 94 : 972 983.
    • (2007) American Journal of Botany , vol.94 , pp. 972-983
    • Weller, S.G.1    Domínguez, C.A.2    Molina-Freaner, F.E.3    Fornoni, J.4    Lebuhn, G.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.