Using phenotypic manipulations to study multivariate selection of floral trait associations

Annals of Botany

Volumn 103, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 1557-1566

  Campbel, Diane R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Colour; correlational selection; experiment; floral integration; multivariate selection; phenotypic manipulation; pollination syndrome; pollinator visitation

Indexed keywords

FLOWER; GENETIC SELECTION; GENETICS; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PHENOTYPE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT; REVIEW;

FLOWERS; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PHENOTYPE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT, HERITABLE; SELECTION (GENETICS);

EID: 67650760216     PISSN: 03057364     EISSN: 10958290     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcp032     Document Type: Review

References (63)

1. Armbruster WS. 1990. Estimating and testing adaptive surfaces: the morphology and pollination of Dalechampia blossoms. American Naturalist 135: 14-31.
2. Armbruster WS, Schwaegerle KE. 1996. Causes of covariation of phenotypic traits among populations. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 9: 261-276.
3. Armbruster WS, Di Stilio V, Tuxill JD, Flores C, Velásquez Runk JL. 1999. Covariance and decoupling of floral and vegetative traits in nine neotropical plants: A re-evaluation of Berg's correlation-pleiades concept. American Journal of Botany 86: 39-55.
4. Baker HG, Hurd PDJ. 1968. Intrafloral ecology. Annual Review of Entomology 13: 385-414.
5. Benitez-Vieyra S, Medina AM, Glinos E, Cocucci AA. 2006. Pollinator-mediated selection on floral traits and size of floral display in Cyclopogon elatus, a sweat bee-pollinated orchid. Functional Ecology 20: 948-957.
6. Berg RL. 1959. A general evolutionary principle underlying the origin of developmental homeostasis. American Naturalist 93: 103-105.
7. Bissell EK, Diggle PK. 2008. Floral morphology in Nicotiana: architectural and temporal effects on phenotypic integration. International Journal of Plant Sciences 169: 225-240.
8. Bradshaw HDJr, Schemske DW. 2003. Allele substitution at a flower colour locus produces a pollinator shift in monkeyflowers. Nature 426 176-178.
9. Briscoe AD, Chittka L. 2001. The evolution of color vision in insects. Annual Review of Entomology 46: 471-510.
10. Brodie ED. 1992. Correlational selection for color pattern and antipredator behavior in the garter snake Thamnophis ordinoides. Evolution 46: 1284-1298.
11. Campbell DR. 2003. Natural selection in Ipompsis hybrid zones: implications for ecological speciation. New Phytologist 161: 83-90.
12. Campbell DR, Waser NM, Price MV. 1996. Mechanisms of hummingbirdmediated selection for flower width in Ipomopsis aggregata. Ecology 77: 1463-1472.
13. Campbell DR, Waser NM, Meléndez-Ackerman EJ. 1997. Analyzing pollinator-mediated selection in a plant hybrid zone: hummingbird visitation patterns on three spatial scales. American Naturalist 149: 295-315.
14. Castellanos MC, Wilson P, Thomson JD. 2004. 'Anti-bee' and 'pro-bird' changes during the evolution of hummingbird pollination in Penstemon flowers. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 17: 876-885.
15. Clements FE, Long FL. 1923. Experimental pollination: an outline of the ecology of flowers and insects. Washington, DC: Carnegie Institute.
16. Conner J, Via S. 1993. Patterns of phenotypic and genetic correlations among morphological and life-history traits in wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum. Evolution 47: 704-711.
17. Conner JK. 2006. Ecological genetics of floral evolution: In: Harder LD, Barrett SCH, eds. Ecology and evolution of flowers. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
18. Conner JK, Sahli H, Karoly K. 2009. Tests of adaptation: functional studies of pollen removal and estimates of natural selection on anther position in wild radish. Annals of Botany 103: 1547-1556.
19. Cresswell JE. 2000. Manipulation of female architecture in flowers reveals a narrow optimum for pollen deposition. Ecology 81: 3244-3249.
20. Cresswell JE, Galen C. 1991. Frequency dependent selection and adaptive surfaces for floral trait combinations: the pollination of Polemonium viscosum. American Naturalist 138: 1342-1353.
21. Faegri K, van der Pijl L. 1966. The principles of pollination ecology. Oxford: Pergamon.
22. Frey FM. 2004. Opposing natural selection from herbivores and pathogens may maintain floral-color variation in Claytonia virginica (Portulacaceae). Evolution 58: 2426-2437.
23. Fulton M, Hodges SA. 1999. Floral isolation between Aquilegia formosa and Aquilegia pubescens Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 226: 2247-2252.
24. Gibbs G. 2006. Ghosts of Gondwana: the history of life in New Zealand. Nelson, New Zealand: Craig Potton Publishing.
25. Gómez JM. 2000. Phenotypic selection and response to selection in Lobularia maritima: importance of direct and correlational components of natural selection. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 13: 689-699.
26. Gómez JM, Perfetti F, Camacho JPM. 2006. Natural selection on Erysimum mediohispanicum flower shape: insights into the evolution of zygomorphy. American Naturalist 168: 531-545.
27. Heinrich B, Mudge PR, Deringis PG. 1977. Laboratory analysis of flower constancy in foraging bumblebees: Bombus ternarius and B. Terricola. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 2: 247-265.
28. Herrera CM. 2001. Deconstructing a floral phenotype: do pollinators select for corolla integration in Lavandula latifolia? Journal of Evolutionary Biology 14: 574-584.
29. Hodges SA, Arnold ML. 1995. Spurring plant diversification: are floral nectar spurs a key innovation? Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 262: 343-348.
30. Jones AG, Arnold SJ, Burger R. 2003. Stability of the G-matrix in a population experiencing pleiotropic mutation, stabilizing selection, and genetic drift. Evolution 57: 1747-1760.
31. Kessler D, Gase K, Baldwin IT. 2008. Field experiments with transformed plants reveal the sense of floral scents. Science 321: 1200-1202.
32. Kingsolver JG, Hoekstra HE, Hoekstra JM, et al. 2001. The strength of phenotypic selection in natural populations. American Naturalist 157: 245-261.
33. Klinkhamer PGL, van der Lugt PP. 2004. Pollinator service only depends on nectar production in sparse populations. Oecologia (Berlin) 140: 491-494.
34. Lande R, Arnold SJ. 1983. The measurement of selection on correlated characters. Evolution 37: 1210-1226.
35. Lloyd DG. 1985. Progress in understanding the natural history of New Zealand plants. New Zealand Journal of Botany 23: 707-722.
36. Maad J. 2000. Phenotypic selection in hawkmoth-pollinated Platanthera bifolia: targets and fitness surfaces. Evolution 54: 112-123.
37. Makino TT, Sakai S. 2007. Experience changes pollinator responses to floral display size: from size-based to reward-based foraging. Functional Ecology 21: 854-863.
38. Meléndez-Ackerman EJ, Campbell DR. 1998. Adaptive significance of flower color and inter-trait correlations in an Ipomopsis hybrid zone. Evolution 52: 1293-1303.
39. Meléndez-Ackerman EJ, Campbell DR, Waser NM. 1997. Hummingbird behavior and mechanisms of selection on flower color in Ipomopsis. Ecology 78: 2532-2541.
40. Mitchell RJ. 1993. Adaptive significance of Ipomopsis aggregata nectar production: observation and experiment in the field. Evolution 47: 25-35.
41. Mitchell WA. 1989. Informational constraints on optimally foraging hummingbirds. Oikos 55: 145-154.
42. Mitchell-Olds T, Shaw RG. 1987. Regression analysis of natural selection: statistical inference and biological interpretation. Evolution 41: 1149-1161.
43. Nilsson LA. 1988. The evolution of flowers with deep corolla tubes. Nature 334: 147-149.
44. O'Connell LM, Johnston MO. 1998. Male and female pollination success in a deceptive orchid: A selection study. Ecology 79: 1246-1260.
45. Ollerton J, Alarcón R, Waser NM, et al. 2009. A global test of the pollination syndrome hypothesis. Annals of Botany 103: 1471-1480.
46. Ordano M, Fornoni J, Boege K, Doménguez CA. 2008. The adaptive value of phenotypic floral integration. New Phytologist 179: 1183-1192.
47. Phillips PC, Arnold SJ. 1989. Visualizing multivariate selection. Evolution 43: 1209-1222.
48. Pigliucci M. 2003. Phenotypic integration: studying the ecology and evolution of complex phenotypes. Ecology Letters 6: 265-272.
49. Rausher MD. 1992. The measurement of selection on quantitative traits: biases due to environmental covariances between traits and fitness. Evolution 46: 616-626.
50. Rausher MD. 2008. Evolutionary transitions in floral color. International Journal of Plant Sciences 169: 7-21.
51. Riffell JA, Alarcon R, Abrell L, Davidowitz G, Bronstein JL, Hildebrand JG. 2008. Behavioral consequences of innate preferences and olfactory learning in hawkmoth-flower interactions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 105: 3404-3409.
52. Schluter D, Nychka D. 1994. Exploring fitness surfaces. American Naturalist 143: 597-616.
53. Smith CE, Stevens JT, Temeles EJ, Ewald PW, Hebert RJ, Bonkovsky RL. 1996. Effect of floral orifice width and shape on hummingbird-flower interactions. Oecologia (Berlin) 106: 482-492.
54. Strauss SY, Whittall JB. 2006. Non-pollinator agents of selection on floral traits. In: Harder L, Barrett Seds. Ecology and evolution of flowers. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
55. Temeles EJ. 1996. A new dimension to hummingbird-flower relationships. Oecologia (Berlin) 105: 517-523.
56. Temeles EJ, Rankin AG. 2000. Effect of the lower lip of Monarda didyma on pollen removal by hummingbirds. Canadian Journal of Botany 78: 1164-1168.
57. Wardle P. 1978. Origin of the New Zealand mountain flora, with special reference to trans-Tasman relationships. New Zealand Journal of Botany 16: 535-550.
58. Waser NM, Price MV. 1983. Pollinator behaviour and natural selection for flower colour in Delphinium nelsonii. Nature 302: 422-424.
59. Waser NM, Price MV. 1985. The effect of nectar guides on pollinator preference-experimental studies with a montane herb. Oecologia (Berlin) 67: 121-126.
60. Waser NM,Chittka L, PriceMV,Williams N,Ollerton J. 1996. Generalization in pollination systems and why it matters. Ecology 77: 279-296.
61. Wilson P. 1995. Selection for pollination success and the mechanical fit of Impatiens flowers around bumblebee bodies. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 55: 355-383.
62. Wilson P, Castellanos MC, Hogue JN, Thomson JD, Armbruster WS. 2004. A multivariate search for pollination syndromes among penstemons. Oikos 104: 345-361.
63. Wright JW, Meagher TR. 2004. Selection on floral characters in natural Spanish populations of Silene latifolia. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 17: 382-395.