Vertical distribution of sub-micron aerosol chemical composition from North-Western Europe and the North-East Atlantic

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 9, Issue 15, 2009, Pages 5389-5401

  Morgan, W T ^a   Allan, J D ^a   Bower, K N ^a   Capes, G ^a   Crosier, J ^a   Williams, P I ^a   Coe, H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL COMPOSITION; AEROSOL PROPERTY; AIR MASS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; NITRATE; ORGANIC MATTER; PARTICULATE MATTER; PARTITIONING; SULFATE; THERMODYNAMICS; VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; ATLANTIC OCEAN (NORTHEAST); WESTERN EUROPE;

EID: 73449120854     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-9-5389-2009     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Abdalmogith, S. S. and Harrison, R. M.: The use of trajectory cluster analysis to examine the long-range transport of secondary inorganic aerosol in the UK, Atmos. Environ., 39, 6686-6695, 2005.
2. Allan, J., Jimenez, J., Williams, P., Alfarra, M., Bower, K., Jayne, J., Coe, H., and Worsnop, D.: Quantitative sampling using an Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer: 1. Techniques of data interpretation and error analysis, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, 4090, doi:10.1029/2003JD001607, 2003.
3. Allan, J. D., Delia, A. E., Coe, H., Bower, K. N., Alfarra, M. R., Jimenez, J. L., Middlebrook, A. M., Drewnick, F., Onasch, T. B., Canagaratna, M. R., Jayne, J. T., and Worsnop, D. R.: A generalised method for the extraction of chemically resolved mass spectra from aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer data, J. Aerosol Sci., 35, 909-922, 2004. (Pubitemid 38953786)
4. Bahreini, R., Jimenez, J., Wang, J., Flagan, R., Seinfeld, J., Jayne, J., and Worsnop, D.: Aircraft-based aerosol size and composition measurements during ACE-Asia using an Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108(D23), 8645, doi:10. 1029/2002JD003226, 2003.
5. Canagaratna, M. R., Jayne, J. T., Jimenez, J. L., Allan, J. D., Alfarra, M. R., Zhang, Q., Onasch, T. B., Drewnick, F., Coe, H., Middlebrook, A., Delia, A., Williams, L. R., Trimborn, A. M., Northway, M. J., DeCarlo, P. F., Kolb, C. E., Davidovits, P., and Worsnop, D. R.: Chemical and microphysical characterization of ambient aerosols with the aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer, Mass Spectr. Rev., 26, 185-222, 2007.
6. Cape, J. N., Methven, J., and Hudson, L. E.: The use of trajectory cluster analysis to interpret trace gas measurements at Mace Head, Ireland, Atmos. Environ., 34, 3651-3663, 2000.
7. Coe, H., Allan, J. D., Alfarra, M. R., Bower, K. N., Flynn, M. J., McFiggans, G. B., Topping, D. O., Williams, P. I., O'Dowd, C. D., Dall'Osto, M., Beddows, D. C. S., and Harrison, R. M.: Chemical and physical characteristics of aerosol particles at a remote coastal location, Mace Head, Ireland, during NAMBLEX, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3289-3301, 2006, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/ 6/3289/2006/.
8. Crosier, J.: Airborne Measurements of Aerosol Composition using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer: Insights into the lifecycle of anthropogenic emissions, Phd thesis, University of Manchester, 2007.
9. Crosier, J., Allan, J. D., Coe, H., Bower, K. N., Formenti, P., and Williams, P. I.: Chemical composition of summertime aerosol in the Po Valley (Italy), northern Adriatic and Black Sea, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 133, 61-75, suppl. 1, 2007a.
10. Crosier, J., Jimenez, J., Allan, J., Bower, K., Williams, P., Alfarra, M., Canagaratna, M., Jayne, J., Worsnop, D., and Coe, H.: Technical Note: Description and Use of the New Jump Mass Spectrum. Mode of Operation for the Aerodyne Quadrupole Aerosol Mass Spectrometers (Q-AMS), Aerosol Sci. Technol., 41, 865-872, 2007b.
11. DeCarlo, P. F., Slowik, J. G., Worsnop, D. R., Davidovits, P., and Jimenez, J. L.: Particle morphology and density characterization by combined mobility and aerodynamic diameter measurements. Part 1: Theory, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 38, 1185-1205, 2004.
12. DeCarlo, P. F., Kimmel, J. R., Trimborn, A., Northway, M. J., Jayne, J. T., Aiken, A. C., Gonin, M., Fuhrer, K., Horvath, T., Docherty, K. S., Worsnop, D. R., and Jimenez, J. L.: Field-deployable, high-resolution, time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer, Analyt. Chem., 78, 8281-8289, 2006.
13. Donahue, N. M., Robinson, A. L., Stanier, C. O., and Pandis, S. N.: Coupled partitioning, dilution, and chemical aging of semivolatile organics, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 2635-2643, 2006.
14. Foltescu, V. L., Selin, E., and Below, M.: Corrections for Particle Losses and Sizing Errors During Aircraft Aerosol Sampling Using a Rosemount Inlet and the Pms Las-X, Atmos. Environ., 29, 449-453, 1995.
15. Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Betts, R., W. Fahey, D., Haywood, J., Lean, J., Lowe, D., Myhre, G., Nganga, J., Prinn, R., Raga, G., Schulz, M., and Van Dorland, R.: Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2007.
16. Haywood, J. and Boucher, O.: Estimates of the direct and indirect radiative forcing due to tropospheric aerosols: A review, Rev. Geophys., 38, 513-543, 2000.
17. Jayne, J. T., Leard, D. C., Zhang, X. F., Davidovits, P., Smith, K. A., Kolb, C. E., and Worsnop, D. R.: Development of an aerosol mass spectrometer for size and composition analysis of submicron particles, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 33, 49-70, 2000.
18. Jimenez, J. L., Jayne, J. T., Shi, Q., Kolb, C. E., Worsnop, D. R., Yourshaw, I., Seinfeld, J. H., Flagan, R. C., Zhang, X. F., Smith, K. A., Morris, J. W., and Davidovits, P.: Ambient aerosol sampling using the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108(D7), 8425, doi: 10.1029/2001JD001213, 2003.
19. Kalkstein, L. S., Tan, G. R., and Skindlov, J. A.: An Evaluation of 3 Clustering Procedures for Use in Synoptic Climatological Classification, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol, 26, 717-730,1987.
20. Kinne, S., Schulz, M., Textor, C., Guibert, S., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S. E., Berntsen, T., Berglen, T. F., Boucher, O., Chin, M., Collins, W., Dentener, F., Diehl, T., Easter, R., Feichter, J., Fillmore, D., Ghan, S., Ginoux, P., Gong, S., Grini, A., Hendricks, J., Herzog, M., Horowitz, L., Isaksen, I., Iversen, T., Kirkevåg, A., Kloster, S., Koch, D., Kristjansson, J. E., Krol, M., Lauer, A., Lamarque, J. F., Lesins, G., Liu, X., Lohmann, U., Montanaro, V., Myhre, G., Penner, J., Pitari, G., Reddy, S., Seland, O., Stier, P., Takemura, T., and Tie, X.: An AeroCom initial assessment - optical properties in aerosol component modules of global models, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1815-1834, 2006, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/6/1815/2006/.
21. Lee, Y. N., Weber, R., Ma, Y., Orsini, D., Maxwell-Meier, K., Blake, D., Meinardi, S., Sachse, G., Harward, C., Chen, T. Y., Thornton, D., Tu, F. H., and Bandy, A.: Airborne measurement of inorganic ionic components of fine aerosol particles using the particle-into-liquid sampler coupled to ion chromatography technique during ACE-Asia and TRACE-P, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, 8646, doi:10.1029/2002JD003265, 2003.
22. Liu, P., Ziemann, P. J., Kittelson, D. B., and McMurry, P. H.: Generating Particle Beams of Controlled Dimensions and Divergence .1. Theory of Particle Motion in Aerodynamic Lenses and Nozzle Expansions, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 22, 293-313, 1995a.
23. Liu, P., Ziemann, P. J., Kittelson, D. B., and McMurry, P. H.: Generating Particle Beams of Controlled Dimensions and Divergence .2. Experimental Evaluation of Particle Motion in Aerodynamic Lenses and Nozzle Expansions, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 22, 314-324, 1995b.
24. Liu, P. S. K., Leaitch, W R., Strapp, J. W., and Wasey, M. A.: Response of Particle Measuring Systems Airborne ASASP and PCASP to Nacl and Latex-Particles, Aerosol Sci. Technol, 16, 83-95, 1992.
25. Matthew, B. M., Middlebrook, A. M., and Onasch, T B.: Collection efficiencies in an Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer as a function of particle phase for laboratory generated aerosols, Aerosol Sci. Technol, 42, 884-898, 2008.
26. McFiggans, G., Artaxo, P., Baltensperger, U., Coe, H., Facchini, M. C., Feingold, G., Fuzzi, S., Gysel, M., Laaksonen, A., Lohmann, U., Mentel, T F., Murphy, D. M., O'Dowd, C. D., Snider, J. R., and Weingartner, E.: The effect of physical and chemical aerosol properties on warm cloud droplet activation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 2593-2649, 2006, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/6/2593/ 2006/. (Pubitemid 44022578)
27. Morino, Y., Kondo, Y., Takegawa, N., Miyazaki, Y., Kita, K., Komazaki, Y., Fukuda, M., Miyakawa, T., Moteki, N., and Worsnop, D. R.: Partitioning of HNO3 and particulate nitrate over Tokyo: Effect of vertical mixing, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, d15215, doi:10.1029/2005JD006887, 2006.
28. Mozurkewich, M.: The Dissociation-Constant of Ammonium-Nitrate and its Dependence on Temperature, Relative-Humidity and Particle-Size, Atmospheric Environment Part a-General Topics, 27, 261-270, 1993.
29. Neuman, J. A., Nowak, J. B., Brock, C. A., Trainer, M., Fehsenfeld, F. C., Holloway, J. S., Hubler, G., Hudson, P. K., Murphy, D. M., Nicks, D. K., Orsini, D., Parrish, D. D., Ryerson, T. B., Sueper, D. T., Sullivan, A., and Weber, R.: Variability in ammonium, nitrate formation and nitric acid depletion with altitude and location over California, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, 4557, doi:10.1029/2003JD003616, 2003.
30. O'Dowd, C., Jimenez, J., Bahreini, R., Flagan, R., Seinfeld, J., Hameri, K., Pirjola, L., Kulmala, M., Jennings, S., and Hoffmann, T.: Marine aerosol formation from, biogenic iodine emissions, Nature, 417, 632-636, 2002.
31. Orsini, D. A., Ma, Y. L., Sullivan, A., Sierau, B., Baumann, K., and Weber, R. J.: Refinements to the particle-into-liquid sampler (PILS) for ground and airborne measurements of water soluble aerosol composition, Atmos. Environ., 37, 1243-1259, 2003.
32. Osborne, S. R. and Haywood, J. M.: Aircraft observations of the microphysical and optical properties of major aerosol species, Atmos. Res., 73, 173-201, 2005.
33. Osborne, S. R., Haywood, J. M., and Bellouin, N.: In situ and remote-sensing measurements of the mean microphysical and optical properties of industrial pollution aerosol during ADRIEX, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 133,17-32, 2007.
34. Petzold, A., Hasselbach, J., Lauer, P., Baumann, R., Franke, K., Gurk, C., Schlager, H., and Weingartner, E.: Experimental studies on particle emissions from cruising ship, their characteristic properties, transformation and atmospheric lifetime in the marine boundary layer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2387-2403, 2008, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/2387/2008/.
35. Schneider, J., Hings, S. S., Hock, B. N., Weimer, S., Borrmann, S., Fiebig, M., Petzold, A., Busen, R., and Karcher, B.: Aircraftbased operation of an aerosol mass spectrometer: Measurements of tropospheric aerosol composition, J. Aerosol Sci., 37, 839-857, 2006. (Pubitemid 43927777)
36. Schulz, M., Textor, C., Kinne, S., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S., Berntsen, T., Berglen, T., Boucher, O., Dentener, F., Guibert, S., Isaksen, I. S. A., Iversen, T., Koch, D., Kirkevåg, A., Liu, X., Montanaro, V., Myhre, G., Penner, J. E., Pitari, G., Reddy, S., Seland, Ø., Stier, P., and Takemura, T.: Radiative forcing by aerosols as derived from the AeroCom present-day and pre-industrial simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 5225-5246, 2006, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/6/5225/2006/.
37. Seinfeld, J. H. and Pandis, S.: Atmospheric chemistry and physics: from air pollution to climate change, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1998.
38. Stelson, A. W. and Seinfeld, J. H.: Relative-Humidity and Temperature-Dependence of the Ammonium-Nitrate Dissociation-Constant, Atmos. Environ., 16, 983-992, 1982.
39. Strapp, J. W., Leaitch, W. R., and Liu, P. S. K.: Hydrated and Dried Aerosol-Size-Distribution Measurements from the Particle Measuring Systems FSSP-300 Probe and the Deiced PCASP-100x Probe, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol, 9, 548-555, 1992.
40. Tang, I. N.: Chemical and size effects of hygroscopic aerosols on light scattering coefficients, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 19245-19250, 1996.
41. Textor, C., Schulz, M., Guibert, S., Kinne, S., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S., Berntsen, T., Berglen, T., Boucher, O., Chin, M., Dentener, F., Diehl, T., Easter, R., Feichter, H., Fillmore, D., Ghan, S., Ginoux, P., Gong, S., Grini, A., Hendricks, J., Horowitz, L., Huang, P., Isaksen, I., Iversen, I., Kloster, S., Koch, D., Kirkevâg, A., Kristjansson, J. E., Krol, M., Lauer, A., Lamarque, J. F., Liu, X., Montanaro, V., Myhre, G., Penner, J., Pitari, G., Reddy, S., Seland, Ø., Stier, P., Takemura, T., and Tie, X.: Analysis and quantification of the diversities of aerosol life cycles within AeroCom, Atmos. Chem.. Phys., 6, 1777 - 1813, 2006, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/6/1777/2006/ .
42. Topping, D. O., McFiggans, G. B., and Coe, H.: A curved multicomponent aerosol hygroscopicity model framework: Part .1 - Inorganic compounds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 1205-1222, 2005, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/5/1205/2005/.
43. Weber, R. J., Orsini, D., Daun, Y., Lee, Y. N., Klotz, P. J., and Brechtel, F.: A particle-into-liquid collector for rapid measurement of aerosol bulk chemical composition, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 35, 718-727, 2001.
44. Zhang, Q., Jimenez, J. L., Canagaratna, M. R., Allan, J. D., Coe, H., Ulbrich, I., Alfarra, M. R., Takami, A., Middlebrook, A. M., Sun, Y. L., Dzepina, K., Dunlea, E., Docherty, K., DeCarlo, P. F., Salcedo, D., Onasch, T., Jayne, J. T., Miyoshi, T., Shimono, A., Hatakeyama, S., Takegawa, N., Kondo, Y., Schneider, J., Drewnick, F., Borrmann, S., Weimer, S., Demerjian, K., Williams, P., Bower, K., Bahreini, R., Cottrell, L., Griffin, R. J., Rautiainen, J., Sun, J. Y., Zhang, Y. M., and Worsnop, D. R.: Ubiquity and dominance of oxygenated species in organic aerosols in anthropogenically-influenced Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, 113801, doi:10.1029/2007GL029979, 2007.
45. Zhang, X. F., Smith, K. A., Worsnop, D. R., Jimenez, J., Jayne, J. T., and Kolb, C. E.: A numerical characterization of particle beam, collimation by an aerodynamic lens-nozzle system: Part I. An individual lens or nozzle, Aerosol Sci. Technol, 36, 617-631, 2002.