Stem cell therapy for end-stage heart failure: Indispensable role for the cell?

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation

Volumn 14, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 560-565

  Vrijsena, K R ^a   Chamuleaua, S A J ^a   Noorta, W A ^a,b   Doevendansa, P A ^a,b   Sluijtera, J P G ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^b ROYAL NETHERLANDS ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cell therapy; Heart failure; Paracrine effects

Indexed keywords

CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL SURVIVAL; HEART FAILURE; HEART FUNCTION; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PARACRINE SIGNALING; REVIEW; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION;

HEART FAILURE; HUMANS; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 73349109095     PISSN: 10872418     EISSN: 15317013     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MOT.0b013e328330389e     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Thomson JA, Itskovitz-Eldor J, Shapiro SS, et al. Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. Science 1998; 282:1145-1147.
2. Tomescot A, Leschik J, Bellamy V, et al. Differentiation in vivo of cardiac committed human embryonic stem cells in post myocardial infarcted rats. Stem Cells 2007; 25:2200-2205.
3. Takahashi K, Yamanaka S. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell 2006; 126:663-676.
4. Yu J, Vodyanik MA, Smuga-Otto K, et al. Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells. Science 2007; 318:1917-1920.
5. Mauritz C, Schwanke K, Reppel M, et al. Generation of functional murine cardiac myocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells. Circulation 2008; 118:507-517. iPS have the ability to differentiate into cardiac lineages using an embryoid body differentiation protocol. Fifty-five per cent of the iPS bodies were able to contract spontaneously.
6. Zhang J, Wilson GF, Soerens AG, et al. Functional cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Circ Res 2009; 104:e30-e41. Human iPS cells can differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes. They demonstrated similar cardiac gene expression patterns compared with cardiac differentiation of ESC.
7. Kucia M, Wysoczynski M, Ratajczak J, Ratajczak MZ. Identification of very small embryonic like (VSEL) stem cells in bone marrow. Cell Tissue Res 2008; 331:125-134. Identification of CXCR4+, CD45- cells that express genes of pluripotency like oct-4 and Nanog.
8. Dawn B, Tiwari S, Kucia MJ, et al. Transplantation of bone marrow-derived very small embryonic-like stem cells attenuates left ventricular dysfunction and remodelling after myocardial infarction. Stem Cells 2008; 26:1646-1655. Transplantation of VSEL stem cells is able to form cardiomyocyte in vivo and improve left ventricular function.
9. Wang Y, Johnsen HE, Mortensen S, et al. Changes in circulating mesenchymal stem cells, stem cell homing factor, and vascular growth factors in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Heart 2006; 92:768-774.
10. Leone AM, Rutella S, Bonanno G, et al. Endogenous G-CSF and CD34+ cell mobilization after acutemyocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2006;111:202-208.
11. Wojakowski W, Tendera M, Michalowska A, et al. Mobilization of CD34/CXCR4+, CD34/CD117+, c-met+ stem cells, and mononuclear cells expressing early cardiac, muscle, and endothelial markers into peripheral blood in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2004; 110:3213-3220.
12. Amado LC, Saliaris AP, Schuleri KH, et al. Cardiac repair with intramyocardial injection of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells after myocardial infarction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:11474-11479.
13. Yoon J, Choi SC, Park CY, et al. Bone marrow-derived side population cells are capable of functional cardiomyogenic differentiation. Mol Cells 2008; 25:216-223. Side population cells from bone marrow cultured with neonatal cardiomyocytes can express sarcomeric actinin. They observed action potentials and calcium transient similar to neonatal cardiomyocytes.
14. Jackson KA, Majka SM, Wang H, et al. Regeneration of ischemic cardiac muscle and vascular endothelium by adult stem cells. J Clin Invest 2001; 107:1395-1402.
15. Visconti RP, Ebihara Y, LaRue AC, et al. An in vivo analysis of hematopoietic stem cell potential: hematopoietic origin of cardiac valve interstitial cells. Circ Res 2006; 98:690-696.
16. Zhang N, Mustin D, Reardon W, et al. Blood-borne stem cells differentiate into vascular and cardiac lineages during normal development. Stem Cells Dev 2006; 15:17-28.
17. Jiang Y, Vaessen B, Lenvik T, et al. Multipotent progenitor cells can be isolated from postnatal murine bone marrow, muscle, and brain. Exp Hematol 2002; 30:896-904.
18. Pelacho B, Nakamura Y, Zhang J, et al. Multipotent adult progenitor cell transplantation increases vascularity and improves left ventricular function after myocardial infarction. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2007; 1:51-59.
19. Badorff C, Brandes RP, Popp R, et al. Transdifferentiation of blood-derived human adult endothelial progenitor cells into functionally active cardiomyocytes. Circulation 2003; 107:1024-1032.
20. Itescu S, Kocher AA, Schuster MD. Myocardial neovascularization by adult bone marrow-derived angioblasts: strategies for improvement of cardiomyocyte function. Heart Failure Rev 2003; 8:253-258.
21. Porat Y, Porozov S, Belkin D, et al. Isolation of an adult blood-derived progenitor cell population capable of differentiation into angiogenic, myocardial and neural lineages. Br J Haematol 2006; 135:703-714.
22. van der Bogt KEA, Schrepfer S, Yu J, et al. Comparison of transplantation of adipose tissue- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the infarcted heart. Transplantation 2009; 87:642-652. MSC isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissue share similar expression profiles and morphology. Injection, in infarcted myocardium, leads to massive (donor) cell death and did not result in preserving ventricular function.
23. Yamada Y, Wang XD, Yokoyama SI, et al. Cardiac progenitor cells in brown adipose tissue repaired damaged myocardium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 342:662-670.
24. Yamada Y, Yokoyama SI, Wang XD, et al. Cardiac stem cells in brown adipose tissue express CD133 and induce bone marrow nonhematopoietic cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Stem Cells 2007; 25:1326-1333.
25. Crisan M, Deasy B, Gavina M, et al. Purification and long-term culture of multipotent progenitor cells affiliated with the walls of human blood vessels: myoendothelial cells and pericytes. Methods Cell Biol 2008; 86:295-309. Identification of pericytes, which are able to differentiate into multiple cell types, without the formation of teratomas.
26. Crisan M, Yap S, Casteilla L, et al. A perivascular origin for mesenchymal stem cells in multiple human organs. Cell Stem Cell 2008; 3:301-313. Pericytes express MSC markers and show other similarities, such as their potential to differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages.
27. Quaini F, Urbanek K, Beltrami AP, et al. Chimerism of the transplanted heart. N Engl J Med 2002; 346:5-15.
28. Beltrami AP, Urbanek K, Kajstura J, et al. Evidence that human cardiac myocytes divide after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1750-1757.
29. Hierlihy AM, Seale P, Lobe CG, et al. The postnatal heart contains a myocardial stem cell population. FEBS Lett 2002; 530:239-243.
30. Chamuleau SAJ, Vrijsen KR, Rokosh DG, et al. Cell therapy for ischaemic heart disease: focus on the role of resident cardiac stem cells. Netherlands Heart J 2009; 17:200-208. Review about different cardiac progenitor cells used in cell transplantation therapy.
31. Oh H, Bradfute SB, Gallardo TD, et al. Cardiac progenitor cells from adult myocardium: homing, differentiation, and fusion after infarction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Am 2003; 100:12313-12318.
32. Goumans MJ, de Boer TP, Smits AM, et al. TGF-beta1 induces efficient differentiation of human cardiomyocyte progenitor cells into functional cardiomyocytes in vitro. Stem Cell Res 2007; 1:138-149.
33. van Vliet P, Roccio M, Smits AM, et al. Progenitor cells isolated from the human heart: a potential cell source for regenerative therapy. Netherlands Heart J 2008; 16:163-169. Isolation of sca-1+ cells from the heart, with the ability to differentiate into beating clusters of cardiomyocytes without the need of co-culturing.
34. Beltrami AP, Barlucchi L, Torella D, et al. Adult cardiac stem cells are multipotent and support myocardial regeneration. Cell 2003; 114:763-776.
35. Pfister O, Mouquet F, Jain M, et al. CD31- but not CD31+ cardiac side population cells exhibit functional cardiomyogenic differentiation. Circ Res 2005; 97:52-61.
36. Zhou S, Schuetz JD, Bunting KD, et al. The ABC transporter Bcrp1/ABCG2 is expressed in a wide variety of stem cells and is a molecular determinant of the side-population phenotype. Nat Med 2001; 7:1028-1034.
37. Martin CM,Meeson AP, Robertson SM, et al. Persistent expression of the ATP binding cassette transporter, Abcg2, identifies cardiac SP cells in the developing and adult heart. Dev Biol 2004; 265:262-275.
38. Yoon J, Choi SC, Park CY, et al. Cardiac side population cells exhibit endothelial differentiation potential. Exp Mol Med 2007; 39:653-662.
39. Messina E, De Angelis L, Frati G, et al. Isolation and expansion of adult cardiac stem cells from human and murine heart. Circ Res 2004; 95:911-921.
40. Laugwitz KL, Moretti A, Lam J, et al. Postnatal isl1+ cardioblasts enter fully differentiated cardiomyocyte lineages. Nature 2005; 433:647-653.
41. Abdel-Latif A, Bolli R, Tleyjeh IM, et al. Adult bone marrow-derived cells for cardiac repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167:989-997.
42. van Laake LW, Passier R, Doevendans PA, Mummery CL. Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and cardiac repair in rodents. Circ Res 2008; 102:1008-1010. Injection of human ESC-derived cardiomyocytes in infarcted heart of immunodeficient mice leads to functional incorporation in the heart, accompanied by significant improvements in cardiac function.
43. Orlic D, Kajstura J, Chimenti S, et al. Mobilized bone marrow cells repair the infarcted heart, improving function and survival. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:10344-10349.
44. Wang JS, Shum-Tim D, Galipeau J, et al. Marrow stromal cells for cellular cardiomyoplasty: feasibility and potential clinical advantages. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000; 120:999-1006.
45. Shake JG, Gruber PJ, Baumgartner WA, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell implantation in a swine myocardial infarct model: engraftment and functional effects. Ann Thorac Surg 2002; 73:1919-1926.
46. Wu GD, Nolta JA, Jin YS, et al. Migration of mesenchymal stem cells to heart allografts during chronic rejection. Transplantation 2003; 75:679-685.
47. Dawn B, Stein AB, Urbanek K, et al. Cardiac stem cells delivered intravascularly traverse the vessel barrier, regenerate infarcted myocardium, and improve cardiac function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:3766-3771. (Pubitemid 40354686)
48. Bearzi C, Rota M, Hosoda T, et al. Human cardiac stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:14068-14073.
49. Bartunek J, Croissant JD, Wijns W, et al. Pretreatment of adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with cardiomyogenic growth factors and repair of the chronically infarcted myocardium. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 292:H1095-H1104.
50. Uemura R, Xu M, Ahmad N, Ashraf M. Bone marrow stem cells prevent left ventricular remodeling of ischemic heart through paracrine signaling. Circ Res 2006; 98:1414-1421.
51. HofmannM,WollertKC,MeyerGP,et al.Monitoring of bone marrow cell homing into the infarcted human myocardium. Circulation 2005; 111:2198-2202.
52. Urbanek K, Torella D, Sheikh F, et al. Myocardial regeneration by activation of multipotent cardiac stem cells in ischemic heart failure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:8692-8697.
53. Orlic D, Kajstura J, Chimenti S, et al. Bone marrow cells regenerate infarcted myocardium. Nature 2001; 410:701-705.
54. Heeschen C, Aicher A, Lehmann R, et al. Erythropoietin is a potent physiologic stimulus for endothelial progenitor cell mobilization. Blood 2003; 102:1340-1346.
55. Shintani S, Murohara T, Ikeda H, et al. Mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2001; 103:2776-2779.
56. Takahashi T, Kalka C, Masuda H, et al. Ischemia- and cytokine-induced mobilization of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells for neovascularization. Nat Med 1999; 5:434-438. (Pubitemid 29180584)
57. Haider HK, Jiang S, Idris NM, Ashraf M. IGF-1-Overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells accelerate bone marrow stem cell mobilization via paracrine activation of SDF-1{alpha}/CXCR4 signaling to promote myocardial repair. Circ Res 2008; 103:1300-1308. Overexpressing IGF-1 in MSCs leads to activation of survival genes such as phosphoinositol-3 kinase, Akt, and Bcl XL. SDF-1 release was increased accompanied with increased mobilization and homing of cells to the infarcted myocardium and induced angiomyogenesis.
58. Mangi AA, Noiseux N, Kong D, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells modified with Akt prevent remodelling and restore performance of infarcted hearts. Nat Med 2003; 9:1195-1201.
59. Crisostomo PR, Abarbanell AM, Wang M, et al. Embryonic stem cells attenuate myocardial dysfunction and inflammation after surgical global ischemia via paracrine actions. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 295:H1726-H1735. ESC-infused hearts demonstrated increased VEGF and IL-10 production compared with BMSC-infused hearts. In the ESC-treated hearts, they observed enhanced recovery and improved cardiac function. Interestingly, conditioned medium of ESC was also able to improve cardioprotection.
60. Timmers L, Lim SK, Arslan F, et al. Reduction of myocardial infarct size by human mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium. Stem Cell Res 2007; 1:129-137.