Molecular understanding of organic solar cells: The challenges

Accounts of Chemical Research

Volumn 42, Issue 11, 2009, Pages 1691-1699

  Brédas, Jean Luc ^a,b   Norton, Joseph E ^a   Cornil, Jérôme ^a,b   Coropceanu, Veaceslav ^a  

^a GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MONS   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 72849108485     PISSN: 00014842     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ar900099h     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Scharber, M. C.; Mühlbacher. D.; Koppe. M.; Denk. P.; Waldauf. C.; Heeger. A. J.; Brabec, C. J. Design rules for donors in bulk-heterojunction solar cells-Towards 10% energy-conversion efficiency. Adv. Mater. 2006, 18, 789-794.
2. Gunes, S.; Neugebauer. H.; Sariciftci, N. S. Conjugated polymer-based organic solar cells. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 1324-1338. (Pubitemid 46736541)
3. Kroon, R.; Lenes. M.; Hummelen, J. C.; Blom. P. W. M.; De Boer. B. Small bandgap polymers for organic solar cells (polymer material development in the last 5 years). Polym. Rev. 2008, 48, 531-582.
4. Mayer, A. C.; Scully, S. R.; Hardin, B. E.; Rowell, M. W.; McGehee, M. D. Polymerbased solar cells. Mater. Today 2007, 10, 28-33.
5. Kippelen, B.; Bradas, J. L. Organic photovoltaics. Energy Environ. Sci. 2009. 2. 251-261.
6. Kim, J. Y.; Lee, K.; Coates, N. E.; Moses, D.; Nguyen, T. Q.; Dante, M.; Heeger, A. J. Efficient tandem polymer solar cells fabricated by all-solution processing. Science 2007, 317, 222-225. (Pubitemid 47076192)
7. Brédas. J. L.; Street. G. B. Polarons. bipolarons. and solitons in conducting polymers, Acc. Chem. Res. 1985, 18, 309-315.
8. Brédas, J. L.; Beljonne, D.; Coropceanu, V.; Cornil. J. Charge-transfer and energytransfer processes in π-conjugated oligomers and polymers: A molecular picture. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 4971-5003.
9. Coropceanu. V.; Cornil, J.; da Silva Filho. D. A.; Olivier. Y.; Silbey. R.; Brédas, J. L. Charge transport in organic semiconductors. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 926-952.
10. Ahn, T.-S.; Müller, A. M.; Al-Kaysi, R. O.; Spano. F. C.; Norton. J. E.; Beljonne. D.; Brédas, J. L.; Bardeen. C. J. Experimental and theoretical study of temperature dependent exciton delocalization and relaxation in anthracene thin films. J. Chem. Phys. 2008, 128, 054505.
11. Lim, S.-H.; Bjorklund, T. G.; Spano, F. C.; Bardeen. C. J. Exciton derealization and superradiance in tetracene thin films and nanoaggregates. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004, 92, 107402.
12. 60 heterojunctions. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004, 85, 5427-5429.
13. Lloyd, M. T.; Mayer, A. C.; Tayi, A. S.; Bowen, A. M.; Kasen. T. G.; Herman, D. J.; Mourey, D. A.; Anthony, J. E.; Malliaras, G. G. Photovoltaic cells from a soluble pentacene derivative. Org. Electr. 2006, 7, 243-248.
14. Mayer, A. C.; Lloyd, M. T.; Herman, D. J.; Kasen. T. G.; Malliaras. G. G. Postfabrication annealing of pentacene-based photovoltaic cells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004, 85, 6272-6274.
15. 27 molecular blends efficiently harvest light for solar cell applications. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 59, 113506.
16. Scholes, G. D. Long-range resonance energy transfer in molecular systems. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 2003, 54, 57-87.
17. Silinsh, E. A.; Cápek, V. Organic Molecular Crystals: Interaction, Localization, and Transport Phenomena; American Institute of Physics: New York. 1994.
18. Pope, M.; Swenberg, C. E. Electronic Processes in Organic Crystals and Polymers; Oxford University Press: New York. 1999.
19. Scholes, G. D.; Harcourt, R. D. Configuration interaction and the theory of electronic factors in energy transfer and molecular exciton Interactions. J. Chem. Phys. 1996, 704, 5054-5061.
20. Scholes, G. D. Insights Into excitons confined to nanoscale systems: Electronhole interaction, binding energy, and photodissociation. ACS Nano 2008, 2, 523-537.
21. Morteani. A. C.; Sreearunothai. P.; Herz. L. M.; Friend. R. H.; Silva. C. Exciton regeneration at polymeric semiconductor heterojunctions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004, 92, 247402.
22. Hwang, I. W.; Xu. Q. H.; Soci. C.; Chen. B. Q.; Jen. A. K. Y.; Moses. D.; Heeger. A. J. Ultrafast spectroscopic study of photoinduced electron transfer in an oligo(thienylenevinylene):fullerene composite. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2007, 17, 563-568. (Pubitemid 46423467)
23. De, S.; Pascher, T.; Maiti. M.; Jespersen, K. G.; Kesti. T.; Zhang. F. L.; Inganas. O.; Yartsev, A.; Sundstrom, V. Geminate charge recombination in alternating polyfluorene copolymer/fullerene blends. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 8466-8472. (Pubitemid 47066508)
24. Ohkita, H.; Cook. S.; Astuti. Y.; Duffy. W.; Tierney. S.; Zhang, W.; Heeney, M.; McCulloch, I.; Nelson, J.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Durrant. J. R. Charge carrier formation In polythiophene/fullerene blend films studied by transient absorption spectroscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 3030-3042.
25. Veldman, D.; Ipek, O.; Meskers, S. C. J.; Sweelssen, J.; Koetse, M. M.; Veenstra, S. C.; Kroon, J. M.; van Bavel, S. S.; Loos, J.; Janssen, R. A. J. Compositional and electric field dependence of the dissociation of charge transfer excitons in alternating polyfluorene copolymer/fullerene blends, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 7721-7735.
26. Drori, T.; Sheng, C. X.; Ndobe, A.; Singh, S.; Holt, J.; Vardeny, Z. V. Below-gap excitation of π-conjugated polymer-fullerene blends: Implications for bulk organic heterojunctlon solar cells, Phys. Rev. Lett. 2008, 101, 037401.
27. Westenhoff, S.; Howard, I. A.; Hodgkiss, J. M.; Kirov, K. R.; Bronstein, H. A.; Williams, C. K.; Greenham, N. C.; Friend, R. H. Charge recombination in organic photovoltaic devices with high open-circuit voltages, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 13653-13658.
28. Peumans, P.; Forrest, S. R. Separation of geminate charge-pairs at donor-acceptor Interfaces in disordered solids, Chem. Phys. Lett. 2004, 398, 27-31
29. Clarke, T. M.; Ballantyne, A. M.; Nelson, J.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Durrant, J. R. Free energy control of charge photogeneratlon in polythlophene/fullerene solar cells: The Influence of thermal annealing on P3HT/PCBM blends, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 4029-4035.
30. Andersson, L. M.; Inganas, O. From short to long - Optical and electrical transients in photovoltaic bulk heterojunctions of polyfluorene/fullerenes, Chem. Phys. 2009, 357,120-123.
31. Hukka, T. L; Toivonen, T.; Hennebicq, E.; Brédas, J. L.; Janssen, R. A. J.; Beljonne, D. Pathways for resonant energy transfer in oligo(phenylenevinylene)-fullerene dyads: An atomistic model, Adv. Mater. 2006, 18, 1301-1306. (Pubitemid 43798379)
32. Schueppel, R.; Schmidt, K.; Uhrich, C.; Schulze, K.; Wynands, D.; Brédas, J. L.; Brier, E.; Reimold, E.; Bu, H. B.; Baeuerle, P.; Maennig, B.; Pfeiffer, M.; Leo, K. Optimizing organic photovoltaics using tailored heterojunctions: A photoinduced absorption study of ollgothiophenes with low band gaps, Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2008, 77, 085311.
33. Avilov, L; Geskin, V.; Cornil, J. Quantum-chemical characterization of the origin of dipole formation at molecular organic/organic interfaces, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2009, 19, 624-633.
34. Ishil, H.; Suglyama, K.; Ito, E.; Seki, K. Energy level alignment and interfacial electronic structures at organic/metal and organic/organic interfaces, Adv. Mater. 1999, 77, 972-972
35. Heimel, G.; Romaner, L.; Zojer, E.; Brédas, J. L. The interface energetics of selfassembled monolayers on metals, Acc. Chem. Res. 2008, 41, 721-729.
36. Murdey, R. J.; Salaneck, W. R. Charge injection barrier heights across multilayer organic thin films, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 44, 3751-3756.
37. Potscavage, W. J.; Yoo, S.; Kippelen, B. Origin of the open-circuit voltage in multilayer heterojunction organic solar cells, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 93, 193308.
38. Norton, J. E.; Brédas, J. L. Polarization energies in oligoacene semiconductor crystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 12377-12384.
39. Castet, F.; Aurel, P.; Fritsch, A.; Ducasse, L.; Liotard, D.; Linares, M.; Cornil, J.; Beljonne, D. Electronic polarization effects on charge carriers in anthracene: A valence bond study, Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2008, 77, 115210/1-115210/14.
40. Lemaur, V.; Steel, M.; Beljonne, D.; Brédas, J. L.; Cornil, J. Photoinduced charge generation and recombination dynamics in model donor/acceptor pairs for organic solar cell applications: A full quantum-chemical treatment, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 6077-6086. (Pubitemid 40577665)
41. Burquel, A.; Lemaur, V.; Beljonne, D.; Lazzaronl, R.; Cornil, J. Pathways for photoinduced charge separation and recombination at donor-acceptor heterojunctions: The case of oligophenylenevinylene - perylene bisimide complexes. J. Phys. Chem. A 2006, 110, 3447-3453.
42. Kawatsu, T.; Coropceanu, V.; Ye, A.; Brédas, J. L. Quantum-chemical approach to electronic coupling: Application to charge separation and charge recombination pathways in a model molecular donor - acceptor system for organic solar cells, J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 3429-3433.
43. Coropceanu, V.; Sánchez-Carrera, R. S.; Paramonov, P.; Day, G. M.; Brédas, J. L. Interaction of charge carriers with lattice vibrations in organic molecular semiconductors: Naphthalene as a case study, J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 4679-4686.
44. Blouin, N.; Michaud, A.; Gendron, D.; Wakim, S.; Blair, E.; Neagu-Plesu, R.; Belletete, M.; Durocher, G.; Tao, Y.; Leclerc, M. Toward a rational design of poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives for solar cells, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 732-742.
45. Morana, M.; Wegschelder, M.; Bonannl, A.; Kopidakis, N.; Shaheen, S.; Scharber, M.; Zhu, Z.; Waller, D.; Gaudiana, R.; Brabec, C. Bipolar charge transport in PCPDTBT - PCBM bulk-heterojunctions for photovoltaic applications, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 1757-1766.
46. Soci, C.; Hwang, I. W.; Moses, D.; Zhu, Z.; Waller, D.; Gaudiana, R.; Brabec, C. J.; Heeger, A. J. Photoconductivity of a low-bandgap conjugated polymer, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2007, 17, 632-636.