The development of the teacher emotional labor scale (TELS): Validity and reliability

Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Bilimleri

Volumn 9, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 559-574

  Çukur, Cem Şafak ^a  

^a MUGLA SITKI KOCMAN UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

Automatic emotion regulation; Deep acting; Education; Emotional deviance; Emotional labor; Surface acting

Indexed keywords

EID: 72549098975     PISSN: 13030485     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Adelmann, P. (1995). Emotional labor as a potential source of job stress. In S. L. Sauter 8c L. Murphy (Ed.), Organizational risk factorsfor job stress (p. 371-381). Easton, MD: Easton Publishing.
2. Ashforth, B., & Humphrey, R. (1993). Emotional labor in service roles: The influence of identity. Academy of Management Review, 18, 88-115.
3. Ashforth, B., & Humphrey, R. (1995). Emotion in the workplace: A reappraisal. Human Relations,48, 97-125.
4. Basch, j., & Fisher, C. D. (2000). Affective events-emotions matrix: A classification of work events and associated emotions. In N. Ashkanasy, C. Hartel, & W. Zerbe (Ed.), Emotions in workplace: Research, theory, and practice (p. 36-48). Westport, CT: Quorum.
5. Bellas, M. L. (1999). Emotional labor in academia: The case of professors. 'The Annals of the American Academy, 561, 96-110.
6. Brennan, K. (2006). The managed teacher: Emotional labour, education, and technology. Educational Insights, 10,55-65.
7. Brief, A. P., & Weiss, H. M. (2002). Organizational, behavior: Affect in the workplace. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 279-307.
8. Brislin, R. W. (1986). The wording and translation of research instruments. In W.J. Lon- ner & J. W. Berry (Eds.), Field methods in cross-cultural research (Vol. 8, p. 137-164). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
9. Brotheridge, C, & Grandey, A. (2002). Emotional labor and burnout: Comparing two perspectives of "people work." Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60,17-39.
10. Brotheridge, C, & Lee, R. T. (2003). Development and validation of the Emotional Labor Scale. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76, 365-379.
11. Çukur, C. Ş. (2007). Işyerinde duygular, duygusal düzenleme ve duygusal işçilik.T. Solmuş (Ed.), Endüstriyel klinik psikoloji ve insan kaynaklari yönetimi içinde (s. 71-113). İstanbul: Beta Yayinlari.
12. Çukur, C. Ş. & Şahin, Z. (2007). Duygusal işçilik baǧlammda duygu ve kültür ilişkisi. R. Erdem ve C. Ş. Çukur (Ed.), Kiültürel baǧlamdayönetsel ve örgütsel davraniş içinde (s. 461- 516) Ankara: TPD Yayinlari.
13. Diefendorff, J. M., Croyle, M. H. & Gosserand, H. (2005).The dimensionality and ante cedents of emotional labor strategies. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66,339-357.
14. Diefendorff, J. M., Richard, E. M., & Croyle, M. H. (2006). Are emotional display rules formal job requirements? Examination of employee and supervisor perceptions.Journal of Occupational Psychology, 79,273-298.
15. Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1971). Constants across cultures in the face and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 17,124-129.
16. Ergin, C. (1993). Doktor ve hemşirclerdc tiikenmişlik ve MaslachTükcnmişlik Ölçeǧinin uygulanmasi. R. Bayraktar ve İ. Daǧ (Ed.), VII. UlusalPsikoloji Kongresi bilimselçahşmalari içinde (s. 143-54). Ankara: TPD Yayini.
17. Fiebig, G. V., & Kramer, M. V. (1998). A Framework for the study of emotions in organizational contexts. Management Communication Quarterly, 11, 536-572.
18. Fineman, S. (1993). Organizations as emotional areas. In S. Fineman (Ed.), Emotion inorganizations (s. 9-35). London: Sage Publications.
19. Glomb, T. M., & Tews, M. J. (2004). Emotional labor: A conceptualization and scale developmen t. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64, 1-23.
20. Grandey, A. (2003). When "the show must go on": Surface and deep acting as predictors of emotional exhaustion and service delivery. Academy of Management Journal, 46,86-96.
21. Grandey, A. A., Fisk, G.,& Steiner, D. D. (2005). Must 'service with a smile' be stressful? The moderating role of personal control for American and French employees. Journal of Applied Psychology, 5, 893-904.
22. Gross,J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, future. Cognition and Emotion, 13, 551-573.
23. Güleryüz, E. & Aydin, O. (2006). Iş kontrolü ve kontrol isteǧi ile tükenmişlik ve fiziksel saǧlik arasmdaki ilişkiler. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi,21,59-71.
24. Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60, 159-170.
25. Hargreaves, A. (1998). The emotional politics of teaching and teacher development with implication for educational leadership. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 1 315-336.
26. Hartley, D. (2004). Management, leadership and the emotional order of the school.Journal of Education Policy, 19,583-94.
27. Hastings, W. (2004). Emotions and the practicum: The cooperating teachers'perspectives. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 10,135-148.
28. Hochschild, A .R. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. Berkeley: University of California Press.
29. Isenbarger, L., & Zembylas, M. (2006). The emotional labor of caring in teaching. 'Teaching and Teacher Education, 22,120-134.
30. Jöreskog, K. G., & Sürbom, D. (2005). L1SREL 8 7 for Windows. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International Inc.
31. Kline, P. (1986). A handbook of test construction: Introduction to psychometric design. New York: Methaen.
32. Kruml, S. M., & Geddes, D. (2000). Exploring the dimensions of emotional labor: The hearth of Hochschild's work. Management Communication Quarterly, 14, 8 49.
33. Lee, R. T, & .Ashforth, B. E. (1996). A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81,123 133.
34. Loehlin,J. C. (1998). Latent variable models: An introduction to factor, path, and structural analysis. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
35. Mann, S. (1999). Emotion at work: To what extent are we expressing, suppressing, or faking it? European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8, 347 369.
36. Martin, J., Knopoff, K., & Beckman, C. (1998). An alternative to bureaucratic impersonality and emotional labor: Bounded emotionality at the body shop. Administrative Science Quarterly, 43. 429-469.
37. Maslach, C, & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced hurnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2,99-113.