Lupus Nephritis

Comprehensive Pediatric Nephrology

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 329-342

  Marks, Stephen D ^a   Tullus, Kjell ^a,b  

^a GREAT ORMOND STREET HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 71749093690     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-04883-5.50028-3     Document Type: Chapter

References (81)

1. Brunner HI, Silverman ED, To T, Bombardier C, Feldman BM Risk factors for damage in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: cumulative disease activity and medication use predict disease damage. Arthritis Rheum 2002, 46(2):436-444.
2. Jimenez S, Cervera R, Font J, Ingelmo M The epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2003, 25(1):3-12.
3. Rood MJ, ten Cate R, Suijlekom-Smit LW, den Ouden EJ, et al. Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical presentation and prognosis in 31 patients. Scand J Rheumatol 1999, 28(4):222-226.
4. Tucker LB, Menon S, Schaller JG, Isenberg DA Adult- and childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparison of onset, clinical features, serology, and outcome. Br J Rheumatol 1995, 34(9):866-872.
5. Schanberg LE, Sandborg C Dyslipoproteinemia and premature atherosclerosis in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2004, 6(6):425-433.
6. Hochberg MC Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1997, 40(9):1725.
7. Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, Masi AT, et al. The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1982, 25(11):1271-1277.
8. Malleson PN, Fung MY, Rosenberg AM The incidence of pediatric rheumatic diseases: results from the Canadian Pediatric Rheumatology Association Disease Registry. J Rheumatol 1996, 23(11):1981-1987.
9. Fessel WJ Systemic lupus erythematosus in the community. Incidence, prevalence, outcome, and first symptoms: The high prevalence in black women. Arch Intern Med 1974, 134(6):1027-1035.
10. Hochberg MC Prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in England and Wales, 1981-2. Ann Rheum Dis 1987, 46(9):664-666.
11. Hochberg MC Systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1990, 16(3):617-639.
12. Hopkinson ND, Doherty M, Powell RJ The prevalence and incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in Nottingham, UK, 1989-1990. Br J Rheumatol 1993, 32(2):110-115.
13. Hopkinson ND, Doherty M, Powell RJ Clinical features and racespecific incidence/prevalence rates of systemic lupus erythematosus in a geographically complete cohort of patients. Ann Rheum Dis 1994, 53(10):675-680.
14. Johnson AE, Gordon C, Palmer RG, Bacon PA The prevalence and incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in Birmingham, England. Relationship to ethnicity and country of birth. Arthritis Rheum 1995, 38(4):551-558.
15. Nived O, Sturfelt G, Wollheim F Systemic lupus erythematosus in an adult population in southern Sweden: incidence, prevalence and validity of ARA revised classification criteria. Br J Rheumatol 1985, 24(2):147-154.
16. Siegel M, Lee SL The epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1973, 3(1):1-54.
17. Citera G, Wilson WA Ethnic and geographic perspectives in SLE. Lupus 1993, 2(6):351-353.
18. Symmons DP Frequency of lupus in people of African origin. Lupus 1995, 4(3):176-178.
19. Vyas S, Hidalgo G, Baqi N, Von Gizyki H, Singh A Outcome in African-American children of neuropsychiatric lupus and lupus nephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 2002, 17(1):45-49.
20. Gardner-Medwin JM, Dolezalova P, Cummins C, Southwood TR Incidence of Henoch-Schönlein purpura, Kawasaki disease, and rare vasculitides in children of different ethnic origins. Lancet 2002, 360(9341):1197-1202.
21. Lahita RG Sex hormones and systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2000, 26(4):951-968.
22. McMurray RW Sex hormones in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Biosci 2001, 6:E193-E206.
23. Kyttaris VC, Katsiari CG, Juang YT, Tsokos GC New insights into the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2005, 7(6):469-475.
24. Arbuckle MR, McClain MT, Rubertone MV, Scofield RH, et al. Development of autoantibodies before the clinical onset of systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 2003, 349(16):1526-1533.
25. Deapen D, Escalante A, Weinrib L, Horwitz D, et al. A revised estimate of twin concordance in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1992, 35(3):311-318. 1992.
26. Kelly JA, Moser KL, Harley JB The genetics of systemic lupus erythematosus: putting the pieces together. Genes Immun 2002, 3(Suppl 1):S71-S85.
27. Manderson AP, Botto M, Walport MJ The role of complement in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus. Annu Rev Immunol 2004, 22:431-456.
28. Tsao BP The genetics of human systemic lupus erythematosus. Trends Immunol 2003, 24(11):595-602.
29. Pickering MC, Botto M, Taylor PR, Lachmann PJ, Walport MJ Systemic lupus erythematosus, complement deficiency, and apopto-sis. Adv Immunol 2000, 76:227-324.
30. Seelen MA, Trouw LA, Daha MR Diagnostic and prognostic significance of anti-C1q antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2003, 12(6):619-624.
31. Trouw LA, Groeneveld TW, Seelen MA, Duijs JM, et al. Anti-C1q autoantibodies deposit in glomeruli but are only pathogenic in combination with glomerular C1 q-containing immune complexes. J Clin Invest 2004, 114(5):679-688.
32. Odendahl M, Jacobi A, Hansen A, Feist E, et al. Disturbed peripheral B lymphocyte homeostasis in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Immunol 2000, 165(10):5970-5979.
33. Tangye SG, Liu YJ, Aversa G, Phillips JH, de Vries JE Identification of functional human splenic memory B cells by expression of CD148 and CD27. J Exp Med 1998, 188(9):1691-1703.
34. Leandro MJ, Cambridge G, Edwards JC, Ehrenstein MR, Isenberg DA B-cell depletion in the treatment of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a longitudinal analysis of 24 patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005, 44(12):1542-1545.
35. Marks SD, Patey S, Brogan PA, Hasson N, et al. B lymphocyte depletion therapy in children with refractory systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2005, 52(10):3168-3174.
36. Shlomchik MJ, Craft JE, Mamula MJ From T to B and back again: positive feedback in systemic autoimmune disease. Nat Rev Immunol 2001, 1(2):147-153.
37. Tsokos GC, Nambiar MP, Tenbrock K, Juang YT Rewiring the T-cell: signaling defects and novel prospects for the treatment of SLE. Trends Immunol 2003, 24(5):259-263.
38. Tsokos GC, Mitchell JP, Juang YT T cell abnormalities in human and mouse lupus: intrinsic and extrinsic. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2003, 15(5):542-547.
39. Grondal G, Gunnarsson I, Ronnelid J, Rogberg S, et al. Cytokine production, serum levels and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2000, 18(5):565-570.
40. Casciola-Rosen L, Andrade F, Ulanet D, Wong WB, Rosen A Cleavage by granzyme B is strongly predictive of autoantigen status: implications for initiation of autoimmunity. J Exp Med 1999, 190(6):815-826.
41. Farkas L, Beiske K, Lund-Johansen F, Brandtzaeg P, Jahnsen FL Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (natural interferon-alpha/beta-producing cells) accumulate in cutaneous lupus erythematosus lesions. Am J Pathol 2001, 159(1):237-243.
42. Cooper GS, Parks CG Occupational and environmental exposures as risk factors for systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2004, 6(5):367-374.
43. Incaprera M, Rindi L, Bazzichi A, Garzelli C Potential role of the Epstein-Barr virus in systemic lupus erythematosus autoimmunity. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1998, 16(3):289-294.
44. Moon UY, Park SJ, Oh ST, Kim WU, et al. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have abnormally elevated Epstein-Barr virus load in blood. Arthritis Res Ther 2006, 6(4):R295-R302.
45. Cameron JS Lupus nephritis in childhood and adolescence. Pediatr Nephrol 1994, 8(2):230-249.
46. Iqbal S, Sher MR, Good RA, Cawkwell GD Diversity in presenting manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus in children. J Pediatr 1999, 135(4):500-505.
47. Marks SD, Hiraki L, Hagelberg S, Silverman ED, Hebert D Age-related renal prognosis of childhood-onset SLE. Pediatr Nephrol 2002, 17(9):C107.
48. Lee T, von Scheven E, Sandborg C Systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome in children and adolescents. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2001, 13(5):415-421.
49. Marks SD, Pilkington C, Woo P, Dillon MJ The use of the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) index as a valid tool in assessing disease activity in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2004, 43(9):1186-1189.
50. Marto N, Bertolaccini ML, Calabuig E, Hughes GR, Khamashta MA Anti-C1q antibodies in nephritis: correlation between titres and renal disease activity and positive predictive value in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2005, 64(3):444-448.
51. Marks SD, Shah V, Pilkington C, Woo P, Dillon MJ Renal tubular dysfunction in children with systemic lupus erythematosus. Pediatr Nephrol 2005, 20(2):141-148.
52. Weening JJ, D'Agati VD, Schwartz MM, Seshan SV, et al. The classification of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus revisited. Kidney Int 2004, 65(2):521-530.
53. Weening JJ, D'Agati VD, Schwartz MM, Seshan SV, et al. The classification of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus revisited. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004, 15(2):241-250.
54. Austin HA, Muenz LR, Joyce KM, Antonovych TA, et al. Prognostic factors in lupus nephritis. Contribution of renal histologic data. Am J Med 1983, 75(3):382-391.
55. Yokoyama H, Wada T, Hara A, Yamahana J, et al. The outcome and a new ISN/RPS 2003 classification of lupus nephritis in Japanese. Kidney Int 2004, 66(6):2382-2388.
56. Hagelberg S, Lee Y, Bargman J, Mah G, et al. Long-term follow-up of childhood lupus nephritis. J Rheumatol 2002, 29(12):2635-2642.
57. Marks SD, Sebire NJ, Pilkington C, Tullus K Clinicopathological correlations of pediatric lupus nephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 2007, 22(1):77-83.
58. Wright EC, Tullus K, Dillon MJ Retrospective study of plasma exchange in children with systemic lupus erythematosus. Pediatr Nephrol 2004, 19(10):1108-1114.
59. Chan TM, Li FK, Tang CS, Wong RW, et al. Efficacy of mycophe-nolate mofetil in patients with diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis. Hong Kong-Guangzhou Nephrology Study Group. N Engl J Med 2000, 343(16):1156-1162.
60. Chan TM, Tse KC, Tang CS, Mok MY, Li FK Long-term study of mycophenolate mofetil as continuous induction and maintenance treatment for diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005, 16(4):1076-1084.
61. Ginzler EM, Dooley MA, Aranow C, Kim MY, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil or intravenous cyclophosphamide for lupus nephritis. N Engl J Med 2005, 353(21):2219-2228.
62. Contreras G, Pardo V, Leclercq B, Lenz O, et al. Sequential therapies for proliferative lupus nephritis. N Engl J Med 2004, 350(10):971-980.
63. Langevitz P, Klein L, Pras M, Many A The effect of cyclophosphamide pulses on fertility in patients with lupus nephritis. Am J Reprod Immunol 1992, 28(3-4):157-158.
64. Manger K, Wildt L, Kalden JR, Manger B Prevention of gonadal toxicity and preservation of gonadal function and fertility in young women with systemic lupus erythematosus treated by cyclophosphamide: the PREGO-Study. Autoimmun Rev 2006, 5(4):269-272. 2006.
65. Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Lan SP, Rohde RD, Lachin JM A controlled trial of plasmapheresis therapy in severe lupus nephritis. The Lupus Nephritis Collaborative Study Group. N Engl J Med 1992, 326(21):1373-1379.
66. Flanc RS, Roberts MA, Strippoli GF, Chadban SJ, et al. Treatment for lupus nephritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004, (1). CD002922.
67. Marks SD, Tullus K Successful outcomes with rituximab therapy for refractory childhood systemic lupus erythematosus. Pediatr Nephrol 2006, 21(4):598-599.
68. Simmonds J, Trompeter R, Calvert T, Tullus K Does long-term steroid use influence long-term growth?. Pediatr Nephrol 2005, 20:C107.
69. Zetterstrom R, Berglund G Systemic lupus erythematosus in childhood; a clinical study. Acta Paediatr 1956, 45(2):189-204.
70. Lee C, Ramsey-Goldman R Bone health and systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2005, 7(6):482-489.
71. Lee WT, Leung SS, Leung DM, Cheng JC A follow-up study on the effects of calcium-supplement withdrawal and puberty on bone acquisition of children. Am J Clin Nutr 1996, 64(1):71-77.
72. Stark LJ, Davis AM, Janicke DM, Mackner LM, et al. A randomized clinical trial of dietary calcium to improve bone accretion in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. J Pediatr 2006, 148(4):501-507.
73. Alivizatos G, Dimopoulou I, Mitropoulos D, Dimopoulos AM, et al. Bladder cancer in a young girl with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with cyclophosphamide. Acta Urol Belg 1991, 59(1):133-137.
74. Cervera R, Khamashta MA, Font J, Sebastiani GD, et al. Morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus during a 10-year period: a comparison of early and late manifestations in a cohort of 1, 000 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2003, 82(5):299-308.
75. Levy DM, Massicotte MP, Harvey E, Hebert D, Silverman ED Thromboembolism in pediatric lupus patients. Lupus 2003, 12(10):741-746.
76. Bjornadal L, Baecklund E, Yin L, Granath F, et al. Decreasing mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a large population based cohort in Sweden, 1964-95. J Rheumatol 2002, 29(5):906-912.
77. Stichweh D, Arce E, Pascual V Update on pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2004, 16(5):577-587.
78. Asanuma Y, Oeser A, Shintani AK, Turner E, et al. Premature coronary-artery atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 2003, 349(25):2407-2415.
79. Roman MJ, Shanker BA, Davis A, Lockshin MD, et al. Prevalence and correlates of accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 2003, 349(25):2399-2406.
80. Wallace DJ, Metzger AL, Stecher VJ, Turnbull BA, et al. Cholesterol-lowering effect of hydroxychloroquine in patients with rheumatic disease: reversal of deleterious effects of steroids on lipids. Am J Med 1990, 89(3):322-326.
81. Moroni G, Tantardini F, Gallelli B, Quaglini S, et al. The long-term prognosis of renal transplantation in patients with lupus nephritis. Am J Kidney Dis 2005, 45(5):901-903. 1.