메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 408-427

Convergence and contact in Milwaukee: Evidence from select African American and White vowel space features

Author keywords

Accommodation; Convergence; Ethnicity; Phonetics

Indexed keywords


EID: 70449602551     PISSN: 0261927X     EISSN: 15526526     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0261927X09342069     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (13)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 2942632928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Listener sensitivity to individual talker differences in voice-onset-time
    • Allen, J.S., & Miller, J.L. (2004). Listener sensitivity to individual talker differences in voice-onset-time. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 115, 3171-3183.
    • (2004) Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , vol.115 , pp. 3171-3183
    • Allen, J.S.1    Miller, J.L.2
  • 2
    • 85139715421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of African American English phonology
    • In S. S. Mufwene, J. R. Rickford, G. Bailey, & J. Baugh (Eds.), London: Routledge
    • Bailey, G., & Thomas, E.R. (1998). Some aspects of African American English phonology. In S. S. Mufwene, J. R. Rickford, G. Bailey, & J. Baugh (Eds.), African American English: Structure, history and use (pp. 85-109). London: Routledge.
    • (1998) African American English: Structure, History and Use , pp. 85-109
    • Bailey, G.1    Thomas, E.R.2
  • 4
    • 21144461572 scopus 로고
    • Hypocorrection: Mistakes in production of vernacular African-American English as a 2nd dialect
    • Baugh, J. (1992). Hypocorrection: Mistakes in production of vernacular African-American English as a 2nd dialect. Language and Communication, 12, 317-326.
    • (1992) Language and Communication , vol.12 , pp. 317-326
    • Baugh, J.1
  • 5
    • 24944469914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond the Ebonics debate: Attitudes about Black and standard
    • Billings, A.C. (2005). Beyond the Ebonics debate: Attitudes about Black and standard American English. Journal of Black Studies, 36, 68-81.
    • (2005) American English. Journal of Black Studies , vol.36 , pp. 68-81
    • Billings, A.C.1
  • 6
    • 26244437437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Migration, new-dialect formation and sociolinguistic refunctionalization: Reallocation as an outcome of dialect contact
    • Britain, D., & Trudgill, P. (1999). Migration, new-dialect formation and sociolinguistic refunctionalization: Reallocation as an outcome of dialect contact. Transactions of the Philological Society, 97, 245-256.
    • (1999) Transactions of the Philological Society , vol.97 , pp. 245-256
    • Britain, D.1    Trudgill, P.2
  • 7
    • 84989376848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African American English in Appalachia
    • Childs, B., & Mallinson, C. (2004). African American English in Appalachia. English WorldWide, 25, 27-50.
    • (2004) English WorldWide , vol.25 , pp. 27-50
    • Childs, B.1    Mallinson, C.2
  • 9
    • 12444341824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of talker variability on perceptual learning of dialects
    • Clopper, C.G., & Pisoni, D.B. (2004). Effects of talker variability on perceptual learning of dialects. Language and Speech, 47, 207-239.
    • (2004) Language and Speech , vol.47 , pp. 207-239
    • Clopper, C.G.1    Pisoni, D.B.2
  • 10
    • 40749117282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The delicate constitution of identity in face-to-face accommodation: A response to Trudgill
    • Coupland, N. (2008). The delicate constitution of identity in face-to-face accommodation: A response to Trudgill. Language in Society, 37, 267-270.
    • (2008) Language in Society , vol.37 , pp. 267-270
    • Coupland, N.1
  • 11
    • 40649115551 scopus 로고
    • Communicative accommodation: Recent developments [Special issue]
    • Coupland, N., & Giles, H. (Eds.)
    • Coupland, N., & Giles, H. (Eds.). (1988). Communicative accommodation: Recent developments [Special issue]. Language and Communication, 8.
    • (1988) Language and Communication , pp. 8
  • 13
    • 0041094059 scopus 로고
    • More evidence for major vowel change in the south
    • In D. Sankoff (Ed.), Philadelphia: John Benjamins
    • Feagin, C. (1986). More evidence for major vowel change in the south. In D. Sankoff (Ed.), Diversity and diachrony (pp. 83-95). Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
    • (1986) Diversity and Diachrony , pp. 83-95
    • Feagin, C.1
  • 14
    • 85045642184 scopus 로고
    • Accent mobility: A model and some data
    • Giles, H. (1973). Accent mobility: A model and some data. Anthropological Linguistics, 15, 87-109.
    • (1973) Anthropological Linguistics , vol.15 , pp. 87-109
    • Giles, H.1
  • 15
    • 84925898066 scopus 로고
    • Methodological issues in dialect perception: A social psychological perspective
    • Giles, H., & Bourhis, R.Y. (1976). Methodological issues in dialect perception: A social psychological perspective. Anthropological Linguistics, 19, 294-304.
    • (1976) Anthropological Linguistics , vol.19 , pp. 294-304
    • Giles, H.1    Bourhis, R.Y.2
  • 16
    • 0003120166 scopus 로고
    • Accommodation theory: Communication, context, and consequence
    • In H. Giles, J. Coupland, & N. Coupland (Eds.), Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Giles, H., Coupland, J., & Coupland, N. (1991). Accommodation theory: Communication, context, and consequence. In H. Giles, J. Coupland, & N. Coupland (Eds.), Contexts of accommodation: Developments in applied sociolinguistics (pp. 1-68). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1991) Contexts of Accommodation: Developments in Applied Sociolinguistics , pp. 1-68
    • Giles, H.1    Coupland, J.2    Coupland, N.3
  • 17
    • 21144467868 scopus 로고
    • Accommodating hypercorrection: A communication model
    • Giles, H., & Williams, A. (1992). Accommodating hypercorrection: A communication model. Language & Communication, 12, 343-356.
    • (1992) Language & Communication , vol.12 , pp. 343-356
    • Giles, H.1    Williams, A.2
  • 19
    • 0000534475 scopus 로고
    • Logic and conversation
    • In P. Cole & J. L. Morgan (Eds.), (Vol. 3, New York: Academic Press
    • Grice, H.P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In P. Cole & J. L. Morgan (Eds.), Syntax and semantics: Speech acts (Vol. 3, pp. 41-58). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1975) Syntax and Semantics: Speech Acts , pp. 41-58
    • Grice, H.P.1
  • 20
    • 0038405966 scopus 로고
    • Phonology in generative grammar
    • Halle, M. (1962). Phonology in generative grammar. Word, 18, 54-72.
    • (1962) Word , vol.18 , pp. 54-72
    • Halle, M.1
  • 21
    • 33750907845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vowel processing evokes a large sustained response anterior to primary auditory cortex
    • Hewson-Stoate, N., Schonwiesner, M., & Krumbholz, K. (2006). Vowel processing evokes a large sustained response anterior to primary auditory cortex. European Journal of Neuroscience, 24, 2661-2671.
    • (2006) European Journal of Neuroscience , vol.24 , pp. 2661-2671
    • Hewson-Stoate, N.1    Schonwiesner, M.2    Krumbholz, K.3
  • 22
    • 38849100373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vowel duration in three American English dialects
    • Jacewicz, E., Salmons, J., & Fox, R.A. (2007). Vowel duration in three American English dialects. American Speech, 82, 367-385.
    • (2007) American Speech , vol.82 , pp. 367-385
    • Jacewicz, E.1    Salmons, J.2    Fox, R.A.3
  • 23
    • 70449613441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African Americans in Lansing and the northern cities vowel shift: Language contact and accommodation
    • (AAT)
    • Jones, J. (2003). African Americans in Lansing and the northern cities vowel shift: Language contact and accommodation. Dissertation Abstracts International, 64(08) (AAT 3100439).
    • (2003) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.64 , Issue.8 , pp. 3100439
    • Jones, J.1
  • 24
    • 26244449756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The birth of new dialects
    • In P. Auer, F. Hinskens, & P. Kerswill (Eds.), Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Kerswill, P., & Trudgill, P. (2005). The birth of new dialects. In P. Auer, F. Hinskens, & P. Kerswill (Eds.), Dialect change: Convergence and divergence in European languages (pp. 196-220). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    • (2005) Dialect Change: Convergence and Divergence in European Languages , pp. 196-220
    • Kerswill, P.1    Trudgill, P.2
  • 25
    • 40649094517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accommodating variation: Dialects, idiolects, and speech processing
    • Kraljic, T., Brennan, S.E., & Samuel, A.G. (2008). Accommodating variation: Dialects, idiolects, and speech processing. Cognition, 107, 54-81.
    • (2008) Cognition , vol.107 , pp. 54-81
    • Kraljic, T.1    Brennan, S.E.2    Samuel, A.G.3
  • 26
    • 42749094656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the connection of the mirror system and speech: How articulation affects imitation in a simple response task
    • Kuhn, S., & Brass, M. (2008). Testing the connection of the mirror system and speech: How articulation affects imitation in a simple response task. Neuropsychologia, 46, 1513-1521.
    • (2008) Neuropsychologia , vol.46 , pp. 1513-1521
    • Kuhn, S.1    Brass, M.2
  • 27
    • 33847333797 scopus 로고
    • The linguistic variable as a structural unit
    • Labov, W. (1966). The linguistic variable as a structural unit. Washington Linguistic Review, 3, 4-22.
    • (1966) Washington Linguistic Review , vol.3 , pp. 4-22
    • Labov, W.1
  • 28
    • 0003695433 scopus 로고
    • Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
    • Labov, W. (1972). Sociolinguistic patterns. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
    • (1972) Sociolinguistic Patterns
    • Labov, W.1
  • 34
    • 0024570198 scopus 로고
    • A specialization for speech-perception
    • Liberman, A.M., & Mattingly, I.G. (1989). A specialization for speech-perception. Science, 243, 489-494.
    • (1989) Science , vol.243 , pp. 489-494
    • Liberman, A.M.1    Mattingly, I.G.2
  • 36
    • 84965687392 scopus 로고
    • Voicing in English: A catalogue of acoustic features signaling /b/ versus /p/ in trochees
    • Lisker, L. (1986). Voicing in English: A catalogue of acoustic features signaling /b/ versus /p/ in trochees. Language and Speech, 29, 3-11.
    • (1986) Language and Speech , vol.29 , pp. 3-11
    • Lisker, L.1
  • 37
    • 17844407130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left-hemispheric brain activity reflects formant transitions in speech sounds
    • Makela, A.M., Alku, P., May, P.J.C., Makinen, V., & Tiitinen, H. (2005). Left-hemispheric brain activity reflects formant transitions in speech sounds. Neuroreport, 16, 549-553.
    • (2005) Neuroreport , vol.16 , pp. 549-553
    • Makela, A.M.1    Alku, P.2    May, P.J.C.3    Makinen, V.4    Tiitinen, H.5
  • 38
    • 0023490275 scopus 로고
    • Black-migration reversal in the United States
    • McHugh, K.E. (1987). Black-migration reversal in the United States. Geographical Review, 77, 171-182.
    • (1987) Geographical Review , vol.77 , pp. 171-182
    • McHugh, K.E.1
  • 39
    • 0036743440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasticity of the human auditory cortex induced by discrimination learning of non-native, mora-timed contrasts of the Japanese language
    • Menning, H., Imaizumi, S., Zwitserlood, P., & Pantev, C. (2002). Plasticity of the human auditory cortex induced by discrimination learning of non-native, mora-timed contrasts of the Japanese language. Learning and Memory, 9, 253-267.
    • (2002) Learning and Memory , vol.9 , pp. 253-267
    • Menning, H.1    Imaizumi, S.2    Zwitserlood, P.3    Pantev, C.4
  • 40
    • 0038212156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrieved June 23, 2009 from, Madison: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison
    • Milenkovic, P. (2000). TF32: Time-frequency analysis for 32-bit Windows [Computer software]. Madison: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison. Retrieved June 23, 2009, from http://userpages.chorus.net/cspeech/.
    • (2000) TF32: Time-Frequency Analysis for 32-Bit Windows [Computer Software]
    • Milenkovic, P.1
  • 41
    • 84974047694 scopus 로고
    • Linguistic change, social network and speaker innovation
    • Milroy, J., & Milroy, L. (1985). Linguistic change, social network and speaker innovation. Journal of Linguistics, 21, 229-284.
    • (1985) Journal of Linguistics , vol.21 , pp. 229-284
    • Milroy, J.1    Milroy, L.2
  • 42
    • 0005034454 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of change in urban dialects: The role of class, social network and gender
    • Milroy, J., & Milroy, L. (1993). Mechanisms of change in urban dialects: The role of class, social network and gender. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 3, 57-77.
    • (1993) International Journal of Applied Linguistics , vol.3 , pp. 57-77
    • Milroy, J.1    Milroy, L.2
  • 44
    • 33646755899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The African-American speech community: Reality and sociolinguistics
    • In A. Duranti (Ed.), Oxford, UK: Blackwell
    • Morgan, M.M. (2001). The African-American speech community: Reality and sociolinguistics. In A. Duranti (Ed.), Linguistic anthropology: A reader (pp. 74-94). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
    • (2001) Linguistic Anthropology: A Reader , pp. 74-94
    • Morgan, M.M.1
  • 47
    • 0023037047 scopus 로고
    • Modeling the role of inherent spectral change in vowel identification
    • Nearey, T.M., & Assmann, P.F. (1986). Modeling the role of inherent spectral change in vowel identification. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 80, 1297-1308.
    • (1986) Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , vol.80 , pp. 1297-1308
    • Nearey, T.M.1    Assmann, P.F.2
  • 49
    • 23044493165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning-induced plasticity in animal and human auditory cortex
    • Ohl, F.W., & Scheich, H. (2005). Learning-induced plasticity in animal and human auditory cortex. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 15, 470-477.
    • (2005) Current Opinion in Neurobiology , vol.15 , pp. 470-477
    • Ohl, F.W.1    Scheich, H.2
  • 50
    • 0039885666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perception of suprasegmental structure in a non-native dialect
    • Otake, T., & Cutler, A. (1999). Perception of suprasegmental structure in a non-native dialect. Journal of Phonetics, 27, 229-253.
    • (1999) Journal of Phonetics , vol.27 , pp. 229-253
    • Otake, T.1    Cutler, A.2
  • 51
    • 0031217502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A limit on behavioral plasticity in speech perception
    • Pallier, C., Bosch, L., & Sebastian Galles, N. (1997). A limit on behavioral plasticity in speech perception. Cognition, 64, B9-B17.
    • (1997) Cognition , vol.64
    • Pallier, C.1    Bosch, L.2    Sebastian Galles, N.3
  • 52
    • 33645378515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On phonetic convergence during conversational interaction
    • Pardo, J.S. (2006). On phonetic convergence during conversational interaction. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 119, 2382-2392.
    • (2006) Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , vol.119 , pp. 2382-2392
    • Pardo, J.S.1
  • 56
    • 77953547939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African American English in urban southeastern Wisconsin
    • (in press). In M. Yeager-Dror & E. R. Thomas (Eds.), Durham, NC: Duke University Press
    • Purnell, T.C. (in press). African American English in urban southeastern Wisconsin. In M. Yeager-Dror & E. R. Thomas (Eds.), AAE speakers and their participation in local sound changes: A comparative study. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
    • AAE Speakers and Their Participation in Local Sound Changes: A Comparative Study
    • Purnell, T.C.1
  • 57
    • 23744487810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • German substrate effects in Wisconsin English: Evidence for final fortition
    • Purnell, T.C., Salmons, J.C., & Tepeli, D. (2005). German substrate effects in Wisconsin English: Evidence for final fortition. American Speech, 80, 135-164.
    • (2005) American Speech , vol.80 , pp. 135-164
    • Purnell, T.C.1    Salmons, J.C.2    Tepeli, D.3
  • 58
    • 34248695346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structured heterogeneity and change in laryngeal phonetics: Upper Midwestern final obstruents
    • Purnell, T.C., Salmons, J.C., Tepeli, D., & Mercer, J. (2005). Structured heterogeneity and change in laryngeal phonetics: Upper Midwestern final obstruents. Journal of English Linguistics, 33, 307-338.
    • (2005) Journal of English Linguistics , vol.33 , pp. 307-338
    • Purnell, T.C.1    Salmons, J.C.2    Tepeli, D.3    Mercer, J.4
  • 59
    • 34249852076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An ay for an ah: Language of survival in African American narrative construction
    • Rahman, J. (2007). An ay for an ah: Language of survival in African American narrative construction. American Speech, 82, 65-96.
    • (2007) American Speech , vol.82 , pp. 65-96
    • Rahman, J.1
  • 60
    • 46749129768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Middle-class African Americans: Reactions and attitudes toward African
    • Rahman, J. (2008). Middle-class African Americans: Reactions and attitudes toward African American English. American Speech, 83, 141-176.
    • (2008) American English. American Speech , vol.83 , pp. 141-176
    • Rahman, J.1
  • 61
    • 70449622215 scopus 로고
    • Wisconsin's legal history: Part 13-A history of Wisconsin civil rights law
    • Retrieved June 16, 2009, from
    • Ranney, J.A. (1995). Wisconsin's legal history: Part 13-A history of Wisconsin civil rights law. Wisconsin Lawyer, 68. Retrieved June 16, 2009, fromhttp://www.wisbar.org/am/template.cfm?section=wisconsin_lawyer&template=/cm/contentdisplay.cfm&contentid=35860.
    • (1995) Wisconsin Lawyer , pp. 68
    • Ranney, J.A.1
  • 62
    • 0020161263 scopus 로고
    • Phonetic trading relations and context effects: New experimental evidence for a speech mode of perception
    • Repp, B.H. (1982). Phonetic trading relations and context effects: New experimental evidence for a speech mode of perception. Psychological Bulletin, 92, 81-110.
    • (1982) Psychological Bulletin , vol.92 , pp. 81-110
    • Repp, B.H.1
  • 63
    • 70449727419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contact and the development of American English
    • (in press). In R. Hickey (Ed.), Oxford, UK: Blackwell
    • Salmons, J.C., & Purnell, T.C. (in press). Contact and the development of American English. In R. Hickey (Ed.), The handbook of language contact. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
    • The Handbook of Language Contact
    • Salmons, J.C.1    Purnell, T.C.2
  • 64
    • 70449615535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deutsche Spuren im amerikanischen Englischen? Auslautverhärtung in Wisconsin
    • In N. Berend & E. Knipf-Komlósi (Eds.), Frankfurt, Germany: Peter Lang
    • Salmons, J.C., Tepeli, D., & Purnell, T.C. (2006). Deutsche Spuren im amerikanischen Englischen? Auslautverhärtung in Wisconsin. In N. Berend & E. Knipf-Komlósi (Eds.), Sprachinselwelten: The world of language islands (pp. 205-225). Frankfurt, Germany: Peter Lang.
    • (2006) Sprachinselwelten: The World of Language Islands , pp. 205-225
    • Salmons, J.C.1    Tepeli, D.2    Purnell, T.C.3
  • 65
    • 40749084036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accommodation versus identity? A response to Trudgill
    • Schneider, E.W. (2008). Accommodation versus identity? A response to Trudgill. Language in Society, 37, 262-267.
    • (2008) Language in Society , vol.37 , pp. 262-267
    • Schneider, E.W.1
  • 68
    • 84958912927 scopus 로고
    • Primary features and their enhancement in consonants
    • Stevens, K.N., & Keyser, S.J. (1989). Primary features and their enhancement in consonants. Language, 65, 81-106.
    • (1989) Language , vol.65 , pp. 81-106
    • Stevens, K.N.1    Keyser, S.J.2
  • 69
    • 0001868677 scopus 로고
    • The social identity theory of intergroup behavior
    • In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), (2nd ed., Chicago: Nelson-Hall
    • Tajfel, H., & Turner, J.C. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (2nd ed., pp. 7-24). Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
    • (1986) Psychology of Intergroup Relations , pp. 7-24
    • Tajfel, H.1    Turner, J.C.2
  • 71
    • 27744530927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disentangling the effects of phonation and articulation: Hemispheric asymmetries in the auditory N1m response of the human brain
    • Tiitinen, H., Makela, A.M., Makinen, V., May, P.J.C., & Alku, P. (2005). Disentangling the effects of phonation and articulation: Hemispheric asymmetries in the auditory N1m response of the human brain. BMC Neuroscience, 6.
    • (2005) BMC Neuroscience , pp. 6
    • Tiitinen, H.1    Makela, A.M.2    Makinen, V.3    May, P.J.C.4    Alku, P.5
  • 72
    • 0033259809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • There are two types of psychometric function: A theory of cue combination in the processing of complex stimuli with implications for categorical perception
    • Treisman, M. (1999). There are two types of psychometric function: A theory of cue combination in the processing of complex stimuli with implications for categorical perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128, 517-546.
    • (1999) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.128 , pp. 517-546
    • Treisman, M.1
  • 74
    • 40849106739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonial dialect contact in the history of European languages: On the irrelevance of identity to new-dialect formation
    • Trudgill, P. (2008). Colonial dialect contact in the history of European languages: On the irrelevance of identity to new-dialect formation. Language in Society, 37, 241-254.
    • (2008) Language in Society , vol.37 , pp. 241-254
    • Trudgill, P.1
  • 75
    • 18344387281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Census Bureau, Retrieved June 16, from 2009
    • U.S. Census Bureau. (2000). Census summary file 1 (SF 1). Retrieved June 16, 2009, fromhttp://factfinder.census.gov.
    • (2000) Census Summary File 1 (SF 1)
  • 76
    • 0004283130 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Wells, J.C. (1982). Accents of English. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1982) Accents of English
    • Wells, J.C.1
  • 77
    • 0030373654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergenerational conversations: Young adults' retrospective accounts
    • Williams, A., & Giles, H. (1996). Intergenerational conversations: Young adults' retrospective accounts. Human Communication Research, 23, 220-250.
    • (1996) Human Communication Research , vol.23 , pp. 220-250
    • Williams, A.1    Giles, H.2
  • 78
    • 85012436081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hidden meanings of Black English
    • Williams, P.J. (1997). The hidden meanings of Black English. The Black Scholar, 27, 7-8.
    • (1997) The Black Scholar , vol.27 , pp. 7-8
    • Williams, P.J.1
  • 81
    • 34248791206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The investigation of a sound change in progress: /æ/ to /e/ in Midwestern American English
    • Zeller, C. (1997). The investigation of a sound change in progress: /æ/ to /e/ in Midwestern American English. Journal of English Linguistics, 25, 142-155.
    • (1997) Journal of English Linguistics , vol.25 , pp. 142-155
    • Zeller, C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.