Beyond the ebonics debate Attitudes about Black and standard American English

Journal of Black Studies

Volumn 36, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 67-81

  Billings, Andrew C ^a  

^a CLEMSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Black English; Credibility; Dialect; Ebonics

Indexed keywords

EID: 24944469914     PISSN: 00219347     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0021934704271448     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Atkins, C. P. (1993). Do employment recruiters discriminate on the basic of nonstandard dialect? Journal of Employment Counseling, 30, 108-118.
2. Berlo, D. K., Lemert, J. B., & Mertz, R. J.(1969). Dimensions for evaluating the acceptability of message sources. Public Opinion Quarterly, 33, 563-576.
3. Bock, H., & Pitts, J. (1975). The effects of three levels of Black dialect on perceived speaker image. Communication Education, 24, 218-225.
4. Buck, J. F. (1968). The effects of Negro and White dialectal variations upon attitudes of college students. Speech Monographs, 35, 181-186.
5. Cronkhite, G., & Liska, J. (1976). A critique of factor analytic approaches to the study of credibility. Communication Monographs, 43, 91-107.
6. Doss, R. C., & Gross, A. M. (1994). The effects of Black English and code-switching on interracial perceptions. Journal of Black Psychology, 20, 282-293.
7. Elwell, C. M., Brown, R. J., & Rutter, D. R. (1984). Effects of accent and visual information on impression formation. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 3, 297-299.
8. Garlick, R., & Mongeau, P. A. (1993). Argument quality and group member status as determinants of attitudinal minority influence. Western Journal of Communication, 57, 289-308.
9. Garner, T., & Rubin, T. L. (1986). Middle class Blacks' perceptions of dialect and style shifting: The case of southern attorneys. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 5, 33-48.
10. Giles, H. (1970). Evaluative reactions to accents. Educational Review, 22, 211-227.
11. Giles, H., & Bourhis, R. Y. (1976). Methodological issues in dialect perception: A social psychological perspective. Anthropological Linguistics, 19, 294-304.
12. Johnson, F., & Buttny, R. (1982). White listeners' responses to "sounding Black" and "sounding White": The effects of message content on judgments about language. Communication Monographs, 49, 33-49.
13. Koch, L., & Gross, A. (1997). Children's perceptions of Black English as a variable of interracial perceptions. Journal of Black Psychology, 23, 215-286.
14. Labov, W. (1972). Language in the inner city: Studies in Black English. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, PA.
15. McCroskey, J. C. (1966). Scales for the measurement of ethos. Speech Monographs, 36, 65-72.
16. McCroskey, J. C., & Teven, J. J. (1999). Goodwill: A reexamination of the construct and its measurement. Communication Monographs, 66(1), 90-103.
17. Mulac, A. (1975). Evaluation of the Speech Dialect Attitudinal Scale. Speech Monographs, 42, 184-189.
18. Nelson, G. (1997, August 4). Gorging on the jam-kube calls the faithful; "party" is the mantra. The Seattle Times, p. F1.
19. Seymour, H. N., & Seymour, C. M. (1979). The symbolism of Ebonics: I'd rather switch than fight. Journal of Black Studies, 9, 397-410.
20. Smitherman, G. (1977). Talkin' and testifyin': The language of Black America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
21. Smitherman, G., & Cunningham, S. (1997). Moving beyond resistance: Ebonics and African American youth. Journal of Black Psychology, 23, 227-232.
22. Tucker, G. R., & Lambert, W. E. (1969). White and Negro listeners' reactions to various American English dialects. Social Forces, 47, 463-468.
23. Whitehead, J. L. (1968). Factors of source credibility. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 54, 59-63.
24. Williams, F. (1976). The exploration of the linguistic attitudes of teachers. Boston: Rowley.
25. Zahn, C. J., & Hopper, R. (1985). Measuring language attitudes: The speech evaluation instrument. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 4, 113-123.