Leadership as emotional labour: The effortful accomplishment of valuing practices

Leadership

Volumn 5, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 447-467

  Iszatt White, Marian ^a  

^a LANCASTER UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Emotional intelligence; Emotional labour; Leadership; Social identity theory; Valuing practices

Indexed keywords

EID: 70350627380     PISSN: 17427150     EISSN: 17427169     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1742715009343032     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Abzug, R., & Phelps, S. (1998) Everything Old is New Again: Barnard's Legacy Lessons for Participative Leaders, Journal of Management Development 17(3): 207-18.
2. Ashforth, B.E., & Humphrey, R.H. (1993) Emotional Labour in Service Roles: The Influence of Identity, Academy of Management Review 18(1): 88-116.
3. Ashkanasy, N.M., & Daus, C.S. (2002) Emotion in the Workplace: The New Challenge for Managers, Academy of Management Executive 16(1): 76-86.
4. Avolio, B.J., Gardner, W.L., Walumbwa, F.O., Luthans, F., & May, D.R. (2004) Unlocking the Mask: A Look at the Process by which Authentic Leaders Impact Follower Attitudes and Behaviors, The Leadership Quarterly 15: 801-23.
5. Bass, B.M. (1985) Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations. New York: Free Press.
6. Bennett, N., Wise, C., Woods, P., & Harvey, J. (2003) Distributed Leadership. Nottingham: National College for School Leadership.
7. Blumer, H. (1969) Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
8. Bolden, R. (2004) What is Leadership?Exeter: Leadership South West Research Report. University of Exeter.
9. Bolton, S. (2000a) Who Cares? Offering Emotion Work as a Gift in the Nursing Labour Process, Journal of Advanced Nursing 32(3): 580-6.
10. Bolton, S. (2000b) Emotion Here, Emotion There, Emotional Organizations Everywhere, Critical Perspectives on Accounting 11: 155-71.
11. Bolton, S.C., & Boyd, C. (2003) 'Trolley Dolly or Skilled Emotion Manager? Moving on from Hochschild's Managed Heart', Work, Employment & Society 17(2): 289-308.
12. Borman, W.C., & Motowidlo, S.J. (1993) Expanding the Criterion Domain to Include Elements of Contextual Performance, in N. Schmitt & W. C. Borman (eds) Personnel Selection in Organizations. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.
13. Boyatzis, R. (1982) The Competent Manager. New York: John Wiley.
14. Brief, A.P., & Motowidlo, S.J. (1986) Prosocial Organizational Behaviors, Academy of Management Review 11(4): 710-25.
15. Bryman, A. (1992) Charisma and Leadership in Organizations. London: Sage.
16. Buchanan, D.A., Addicott, R., Fitzgerald, L., Ferlie, E., & Baeza, J.I. (2007) Nobody in Charge: Distributed Change Agency in Healthcare, Human Relations 60(7): 1065-90.
17. Burns, J. (1978) Leadership. New York: Harper Row.
18. Button, G. (1993) The Curious Case of the Vanishing Technology, in G. Button (ed.) Technology in Working Order: Studies of Work, Interaction and Technology. London: Routledge.
19. Charmaz, K. (1995) Grounded Theory, in J. A Smith, R. Harré, & L. Van Langenhove (eds) Rethinking Methods in Psychology. London: Sage.
20. Cheney, G. (1983) On the Various and Changing Meanings of Organizational Membership: A Field Study of Organizational Identification, Communication Monographs 50: 342-62.
21. Collinson, D. (2006) Rethinking Followership: A Post-Structuralist Analysis of Follower Identities, The Leadership Quarterly 17(2): 179-89.
22. Conger, J., & Kanungo, R. (1987) Towards a Behavioural Theory of Charismatic Leadership in Organizational Settings, Academy of Management Review 12: 637-47.
23. Crabtree, B.F., & Miller, W.L. (1992) A Template Approach to Text Analysis: Developing and Using Codebooks, in B. F. Crabtree & W. L. Miller (eds) Doing Qualitative Research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
24. Crawford, M. (2007) Rationality and Emotion in Primary School Leadership: An Exploration of Key Themes, Educational Review 59(1): 87-98.
25. Cuff, E.C. (1993) Problems of Versions in Everyday Situations. Washington, DC: University Press of America.
26. Currie, G., & Lockett, A. (2007) A Critique of Transformational Leadership: Moral, Professional and Contingent Dimensions of Leadership within Public Services Organizations, Human Relations 60(2): 341-70.
27. Dasborough, M.T., & Ashkanasy, N.M. (2002) Emotion and Attribution of Intentionality in Leader-Member Relationships, The Leadership Quarterly 13: 615-34.
28. Erickson, R.J. (1995) The Importance of Authenticity for Self and Society, Symbolic Interaction 18(2): 121-44.
29. Fiedler, F. (1967) A Theory of Leadership Effectiveness. New York: McGrawHill.
30. Fineman, S. (2000) Emotion in Organizations. London: Sage.
31. Garfinkel, H. (1967) Studies in Ethnomethodology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
32. Geertz, C. (1973) The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays. New York: Basic Books.
33. George, J.M. (2000) Emotions and Leadership: The Role of Emotional Intelligence, Human Relations 53(8): 1027-55.
34. George, J.M., & Brief, A.P. (1996) Motivational Agendas in the Workplace: The Effects of Feelings on Focus of Attention and Work Motivation, Research in Organizational Behavior 18: 75-109.
35. Glaser, B., & Strauss, A.L. (1967) The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Chicago, IL: Aldine.
36. Goleman, D. (1995) Emotional Intelligence. New York: Bantam.
37. Grandey, A.A., Fisk, G.M., Mattila, A.S., Jansen, K.J., & Sideman, L.A.(2005) Is service with a Smile Enough? Authenticity of Positive Displays during Service Encounters, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 96(1): 38-55.
38. Gronn, P. (2002) Distributed Leadership, in K. Leithwood, P. Hallinger, K. Seashore-Lewis, G. Furman-Brown, P. Gronn, W. Mulford, & K.Riley (eds) Second International Handbook of Educational Leadership and Administration. Dortrecht: Kluwer.
39. Hampson, I., & Junor, A. (2005) Invisible Work, Invisible Skills: Interactive Customer Service as Articulation Work, New Technology, Work and Employment 20(2): 166-81.
40. Harris, L.C. (2002) The Emotional Labour of Barristers: An Exploration of Emotional Labour by Status Professionals, Journal of Management Studies 39(4): 553-84.
41. Hersey, P., & Blanchard, K. (1982) Management of Organizational Behaviour: Utilizing Human Resources. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
42. Hochschild, A. (1983) The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
43. Iaffaldano, M.T., & Muchinsky, P.M. (1985) Job Satisfaction and Job Performance: A Meta-Analysis, Psychological Bulletin 97: 251-73.
44. Iszatt-White, M., & Mackenzie-Davey, K. (2003) Feeling Valued at Work? A Qualitative Study of Corporate Training Consultants, Career Development International 8(5): 228-34.
45. Jones, H.B. (2001) Magic, Meaning and Leadership: Weber's Model and the Empirical Literature, Human Relations 54(6): 753-71.
46. Kelley, R.E. (1992) The Power of Followership: How to Create Leaders People Want to Follow and Followers Who Lead Themselves. New York: Doubleday Currency.
47. Kerr, S., Von Glinow, M.A., & Schriesheim, J. (1977) Issues in the Study of Professions in Organizations: The Case of Scientists and Engineers, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 18: 329-45.
48. King, N. (1998) Template Analysis, in G. Symon & C. Cassell (eds) Qualitative Methods and Analysis in Organizational Research: A Practical Guide. London: Sage.
49. Kotter, J.P. (1996) Leading Change. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
50. Lewis, P. (2005) 'Suppression or Expression: An Exploration of Emotion Management in a Special Care Baby Unit', Work, Employment & Society 19(3): 565-81.
51. Locke, E.A. (2005) Why Emotional Intelligence is an Invalid Concept, Journal of Organizational Behavior 26: 425-31.
52. Mahony, P., & Moos, L. (1998) Democracy and School Leadership in England and Denmark, British Journal of Educational Studies 46(3): 302-17.
53. Mayer, J. (1999) Emotional Intelligence: Popular or Scientific Psychology?, APA Monitor 30(8) online.
54. Mayer, J.D., & Solovey, P. (1997) What is Emotional Intelligence: Implications for Educators, in P. Solovey & D. Sluyter (eds) Emotional Development, Emotional Literacy, and Emotional Intelligence. New York: Basic Books.
55. Michie, S., & Gooty, J. (2005) Values, Emotions, and Authenticity: Will the Real Leader Please Stand Up?, The Leadership Quarterly 16: 441-57.
56. Millward, L.J., & Hopkins, L.J. (1998) Psychological Contracts, Organizational and Job Commitment, Journal of Applied Social Psychology 28(16): 1530-56.
57. Morris, J.A., & Feldman, D.C. (1996) The Dimensions, Antecedents, and Consequences of Emotional Labour, Academy of Management Review 21(4): 986-1011.
58. O'Brien, M. (1994) The Managed Heart Revisited: Health and Social Control, The Sociological Review 42(3): 393-413.
59. Price, H. (2001) Emotional Labour in the Classroom: A Psychoanalytic Perspective, Journal of Social Work Practice 15(2): 161-80.
60. Randall, D., Harper, R., & Rouncefield, M. (2005) Fieldwork, Ethnography and Design: A Perspective from CSCW, Ethnographic Praxis in Industry Conference Proceedings 1: 81-99.
61. Rousseau, D.M. (2001) Schema, Promise and Mutuality: The Building Blocks of the Psychological Contract, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 74: 511-41.
62. Rubin, R.S., Munz, D.C., & Bommer, W.H. (2005) Leading from Within: The Effects of Emotion Recognition and Personality on Transformational Leadership Behavior, Academy of Management Journal 48(5): 845-58.
63. Samra-Fredericks, D. (2004) Managerial Elites Making Rhetorical and Linguistic Moves for a Moving (Emotional) Display, Human Relations 57: 1103-43.
64. Smith, C.A., Organ, D.W., & Near, J.P. (1983) Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Its Nature and Antecedents, Journal of Applied Psychology 68: 653-63.
65. Solovey, P., & Mayer, J. (1990) 'Emotional Intelligence', Imagination, Cognition and Personality 9: 185-211.
66. Staw, B.M. (1996) Organizational Psychology and the Pursuit of the Happy/Productive Worker, in R. M. Staw, L. W. Porter, & G. A. Bigley (eds) Motivation and Leadership at Work. Singapore: McGraw Hill.
67. Stogdill, R.M. (1948) Personal Factors Associated with Leadership: A Survey of the Literature. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
68. Strauss, A.L. (1993) Continual Permutations of Action. New York: Aldine De Guyter.
69. Strathern, M. (2000) Audit Cultures: Anthropological Studies in Accountability, Ethics and the Academy. London: Routledge.
70. Thoits, P.A. (1991) On Merging Identity Theory and Stress Research, Social Psychological Quarterly 54: 101-12.
71. Van Knippenberg, D., & Sleebos, E. (2006) 'Organizational Identification versus Organizational Commitment: Self-definition, Social Exchange, and Job Attitudes', Journal of Organizational Behavior 27(5): 571-84.
72. Vroom, V.H., & Jago, A.G. (2007) The Role of the Situation in Leadership, American Psychologist 62(1): 17-24.
73. Weber, M. (1947) The Theory of Social and Economic Organization. New York: Oxford University Press.
74. Weber, R.P. (1985) Basic Content Analysis. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
75. Weiss, H.M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996) Affective Events Theory: A Theoretical Discussion of the Structure, Causes, and Consequences of Affective Experiences at Work, in B. M. Staw & L. L Cummings (eds) Research in Organizational Behavior (Volume 18), pp. 1-74. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
76. Wong, C.-S., & Law, K.S. (2002) The Effects of Leader and Follower Emotional Intelligence on Performance and Attitude: An Exploratory Study, The Leadership Quarterly 13: 243-74.
77. Wright, T.A., Cropanzano, R., & Bonett, D.G. (2007) The Moderating Role of Employee Positive Well Being on the Relation Between Job Satisfaction and Job Performance, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 12(2): 93-104.
78. Yates, J. (1989) Control through Communication: The Rise of System in American Management. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press.
79. Yates, J., & Orlikowski, W.J. (1992) Genres of Organizational Communication: A Structural Approach to Studying Communication and Media, Academy of Management Review 17(2): 299-326.
80. Yukl, G. (2002) Leadership in Organizations (5th Edition). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
81. Zapf, D., & Holz, M. (2006) On the Positive and Negative Effects of Emotion Work in Organizations, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 15(1): 1-28.