메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 157, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 1004-1013

Inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3 reduces endotoxaemic acute renal failure by down-regulating inflammation and renal cell apoptosis

Author keywords

Acute renal failure; Apoptosis; GSK 3; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharide; TNF

Indexed keywords

CREATININE; ENZYME INHIBITOR; GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; LITHIUM CHLORIDE; RANTES; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 70350337981     PISSN: 00071188     EISSN: 14765381     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00284.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (68)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 34548221942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kidney in sepsis
    • Anderson RJ (2007). Kidney in sepsis. Crit Care Med 35: 2223-2224.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 2223-2224
    • Anderson, R.J.1
  • 2
    • 0024321376 scopus 로고
    • Production of tumor necrosis factor by rat mesangial cells in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide
    • Baud L, Oudinet JP, Bens M, Noe L, Peraldi MN, Rondeau E et al. (1989). Production of tumor necrosis factor by rat mesangial cells in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Kidney Int 35: 1111-1118.
    • (1989) Kidney Int , vol.35 , pp. 1111-1118
    • Baud, L.1    Oudinet, J.P.2    Bens, M.3    Noe, L.4    Peraldi, M.N.5    Rondeau, E.6
  • 3
    • 0036667223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between GSK3beta and caspase signalling pathways during NGF deprivation induced cell death
    • Bhat RV, Leonov S, Luthman J, Scott CW, Lee CM (2002). Interactions between GSK3beta and caspase signalling pathways during NGF deprivation induced cell death. J Alzheimers Dis 4: 291-301.
    • (2002) J Alzheimers Dis , vol.4 , pp. 291-301
    • Bhat, R.V.1    Leonov, S.2    Luthman, J.3    Scott, C.W.4    Lee, C.M.5
  • 4
    • 0034677804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta facilitates staurosporine-and heat shock-induced apoptosis. Protection by lithium
    • Bijur GN, De Sarno P, Jope RS (2000). Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta facilitates staurosporine-and heat shock-induced apoptosis. Protection by lithium. J Biol Chem 275: 7583-7590.
    • (2000) J Biol Chem , vol.275 , pp. 7583-7590
    • Bijur, G.N.1    De Sarno, P.2    Jope, R.S.3
  • 5
    • 0036604216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute renal failure in endotoxemia is caused by TNF acting directly on TNF receptor-1 in kidney
    • Cunningham PN, Dyanov HM, Park P, Wang J, Newell KA, Quigg RJ (2002). Acute renal failure in endotoxemia is caused by TNF acting directly on TNF receptor-1 in kidney. J Immunol 168: 5817-5823.
    • (2002) J Immunol , vol.168 , pp. 5817-5823
    • Cunningham, P.N.1    Dyanov, H.M.2    Park, P.3    Wang, J.4    Newell, K.A.5    Quigg, R.J.6
  • 6
    • 33745124398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibition attenuates the degree of arthritis caused by type II collagen in the mouse
    • Cuzzocrea S, Mazzon E, Di Paola R, Muia C, Crisafulli C, Dugo L et al. (2006). Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibition attenuates the degree of arthritis caused by type II collagen in the mouse. Clin Immunol 120: 57-67.
    • (2006) Clin Immunol , vol.120 , pp. 57-67
    • Cuzzocrea, S.1    Mazzon, E.2    Di Paola, R.3    Muia, C.4    Crisafulli, C.5    Dugo, L.6
  • 7
    • 36448996691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibition on the development of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice
    • Cuzzocrea S, Malleo G, Genovese T, Mazzon E, Esposito E, Muia C et al. (2007). Effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibition on the development of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. Crit Care Med 35: 2811-2821.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 2811-2821
    • Cuzzocrea, S.1    Malleo, G.2    Genovese, T.3    Mazzon, E.4    Esposito, E.5    Muia, C.6
  • 8
    • 24944567775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GSK-3beta inhibitors attenuate the organ injury/ dysfunction caused by endotoxemia in the rat
    • Dugo L, Collin M, Allen DA, Patel NS, Bauer I, Mervaala EM et al. (2005). GSK-3beta inhibitors attenuate the organ injury/ dysfunction caused by endotoxemia in the rat. Crit Care Med 33: 1903-1912.
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 1903-1912
    • Dugo, L.1    Collin, M.2    Allen, D.A.3    Patel, N.S.4    Bauer, I.5    Mervaala, E.M.6
  • 9
    • 33646815707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibitors protect against the organ injury and dysfunction caused by hemorrhage and resuscitation
    • Dugo L, Abdelrahman M, Murch O, Mazzon E, Cuzzocrea S, Thiemer-mann C (2006a). Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibitors protect against the organ injury and dysfunction caused by hemorrhage and resuscitation. Shock 25: 485-491.
    • (2006) Shock , vol.25 , pp. 485-491
    • Dugo, L.1    Abdelrahman, M.2    Murch, O.3    Mazzon, E.4    Cuzzocrea, S.5    Thiemer-Mann, C.6
  • 10
    • 33646556651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin reduces the multiple organ injury and dysfunction, caused by coadministration of lipopolysaccharide and peptidogly-can independently of blood glucose: Role of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibition
    • Dugo L, Collin M, Allen DA, Murch O, Foster SJ, Yaqoob MM et al. (2006b). Insulin reduces the multiple organ injury and dysfunction caused by coadministration of lipopolysaccharide and peptidogly-can independently of blood glucose: role of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibition. Crit Care Med 34: 1489-1496.
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 1489-1496
    • Dugo, L.1    Collin, M.2    Allen, D.A.3    Murch, O.4    Foster, S.J.5    Yaqoob, M.M.6
  • 11
  • 12
    • 33846225968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta as a target for the therapy of shock and inflammation
    • Dugo L, Collin M, Thiemermann C (2007b). Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta as a target for the therapy of shock and inflammation. Shock 27: 113-123.
    • (2007) Shock , vol.27 , pp. 113-123
    • Dugo, L.1    Collin, M.2    Thiemermann, C.3
  • 13
    • 0035477020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GSK3 takes centre stage more than 20 years after its discovery
    • Frame S, Cohen P (2001). GSK3 takes centre stage more than 20 years after its discovery. Biochem J 359: 1-16.
    • (2001) Biochem J , vol.359 , pp. 1-16
    • Frame, S.1    Cohen, P.2
  • 14
    • 46749083903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocyte growth factor exerts its anti-inflammatory action by disrupting nuclear factor-kB signaling
    • Giannopoulou M, Dai C, Tan X, Wen X, Michalopoulos GK, Liu Y (2008). Hepatocyte growth factor exerts its anti-inflammatory action by disrupting nuclear factor-kB signaling. Am J Pathol 173: 30-41.
    • (2008) Am J Pathol , vol.173 , pp. 30-41
    • Giannopoulou, M.1    Dai, C.2    Tan, X.3    Wen, X.4    Michalopoulos, G.K.5    Liu, Y.6
  • 15
    • 15444376904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of PI3K-Akt-GSK3beta pathway mediates hepatocyte growth factor inhibition of RANTES expression in renal tubular epithelial cells
    • Gong R, Rifai A, Dworkin LD (2005). Activation of PI3K-Akt-GSK3beta pathway mediates hepatocyte growth factor inhibition of RANTES expression in renal tubular epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 330: 27-33.
    • (2005) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.330 , pp. 27-33
    • Gong, R.1    Rifai, A.2    Dworkin, L.D.3
  • 16
    • 33748046159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-inflammatory effect of hepatocyte growth factor in chronic kidney disease: Targeting the inflamed vascular endothelium
    • Gong R, Rifai A, Dworkin LD (2006a). Anti-inflammatory effect of hepatocyte growth factor in chronic kidney disease: targeting the inflamed vascular endothelium. J Am Soc Nephrol 17: 2464-2473.
    • (2006) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.17 , pp. 2464-2473
    • Gong, R.1    Rifai, A.2    Dworkin, L.D.3
  • 17
    • 33645504446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocyte growth factor suppresses acute renal inflammation by inhibition of endothelial E-selectin
    • Gong R, Rifai A, Dworkin LD (2006b). Hepatocyte growth factor suppresses acute renal inflammation by inhibition of endothelial E-selectin. Kidney Int 69: 1166-1174.
    • (2006) Kidney Int , vol.69 , pp. 1166-1174
    • Gong, R.1    Rifai, A.2    Dworkin, L.D.3
  • 18
    • 43149122725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocyte growth factor suppresses proinflammatory NFkappaB activation through GSK3beta inactivation in renal tubular epithelial cells
    • Gong R, Rifai A, Ge Y, Chen S, Dworkin LD (2008). Hepatocyte growth factor suppresses proinflammatory NFkappaB activation through GSK3beta inactivation in renal tubular epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 283: 7401-7410.
    • (2008) J Biol Chem , vol.283 , pp. 7401-7410
    • Gong, R.1    Rifai, A.2    Ge, Y.3    Chen, S.4    Dworkin, L.D.5
  • 19
    • 9644283015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute renal failure in endotoxemia is dependent on caspase activation
    • Guo R, Wang Y, Minto AW, Quigg RJ, Cunningham PN (2004). Acute renal failure in endotoxemia is dependent on caspase activation. J Am Soc Nephrol 15: 3093-3102.
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 3093-3102
    • Guo, R.1    Wang, Y.2    Minto, A.W.3    Quigg, R.J.4    Cunningham, P.N.5
  • 21
    • 0034175688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta in neuronal apoptosis induced by trophic withdrawal
    • Hetman M, Cavanaugh JE, Kimelman D, Xia Z (2000). Role of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta in neuronal apoptosis induced by trophic withdrawal. J Neurosci 20: 2567-2574.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 2567-2574
    • Hetman, M.1    Cavanaugh, J.E.2    Kimelman, D.3    Xia, Z.4
  • 22
    • 0042971809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium blocks the c-Jun stress response and protects neurons via its action on glycogen synthase kinase 3
    • Hongisto V, Smeds N, Brecht S, Herdegen T, Courtney MJ, Coffey ET (2003). Lithium blocks the c-Jun stress response and protects neurons via its action on glycogen synthase kinase 3. Mol Cell Biol 23: 6027-6036.
    • (2003) Mol Cell Biol , vol.23 , pp. 6027-6036
    • Hongisto, V.1    Smeds, N.2    Brecht, S.3    Herdegen, T.4    Courtney, M.J.5    Coffey, E.T.6
  • 23
    • 0036654765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide induce Fas-mediated apoptosis in renal tubular cells
    • Jo SK, Cha DR, Cho WY, Kim HK, Chang KH, Yun SY et al. (2002). Inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide induce Fas-mediated apoptosis in renal tubular cells. Nephron 91: 406-415.
    • (2002) Nephron , vol.91 , pp. 406-415
    • Jo, S.K.1    Cha, D.R.2    Cho, W.Y.3    Kim, H.K.4    Chang, K.H.5    Yun, S.Y.6
  • 24
    • 33947597084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3): Inflammation, diseases, and therapeutics
    • Jope RS, Yuskaitis CJ, Beurel E (2007). Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3): inflammation, diseases, and therapeutics. Neurochem Res 32: 577-595.
    • (2007) Neurochem Res , vol.32 , pp. 577-595
    • Jope, R.S.1    Yuskaitis, C.J.2    Beurel, E.3
  • 25
    • 0032950057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin and renal function: Perspectives to the understanding of septic acute renal failure and toxic shock
    • Khan RZ, Badr KF (1999). Endotoxin and renal function: perspectives to the understanding of septic acute renal failure and toxic shock. Nephrol Dial Transplant 14: 814-818.
    • (1999) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.14 , pp. 814-818
    • Khan, R.Z.1    Badr, K.F.2
  • 26
    • 0035900197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caspase-3 activation induced by inhibition of mitochondrial complex i is facilitated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and attenuated by lithium
    • King TD, Bijur GN, Jope RS (2001). Caspase-3 activation induced by inhibition of mitochondrial complex I is facilitated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and attenuated by lithium. Brain Res 919: 106-114.
    • (2001) Brain Res , vol.919 , pp. 106-114
    • King, T.D.1    Bijur, G.N.2    Jope, R.S.3
  • 27
    • 0034999831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxemic renal failure in mice: Role of tumor necrosis factor independent of inducible nitric oxide synthase
    • Knotek M, Rogachev B, Wang W, Ecder T, Melnikov V, Gengaro PE et al. (2001). Endotoxemic renal failure in mice: role of tumor necrosis factor independent of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Kidney Int 59: 2243-2249.
    • (2001) Kidney Int , vol.59 , pp. 2243-2249
    • Knotek, M.1    Rogachev, B.2    Wang, W.3    Ecder, T.4    Melnikov, V.5    Gengaro, P.E.6
  • 28
    • 0032768663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of Fas and Fas ligand on mouse renal tubular epithelial cells in the generalized Shwartzman reaction and its relationship to apoptosis
    • Koide N, Narita K, Kato Y, Sugiyama T, Chakravortty D, Morikawa A et al. (1999). Expression of Fas and Fas ligand on mouse renal tubular epithelial cells in the generalized Shwartzman reaction and its relationship to apoptosis. Infect Immun 67: 4112-4118.
    • (1999) Infect Immun , vol.67 , pp. 4112-4118
    • Koide, N.1    Narita, K.2    Kato, Y.3    Sugiyama, T.4    Chakravortty, D.5    Morikawa, A.6
  • 29
    • 34548568958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GSK-3beta acts downstream of PP2A and the PI 3-kinase-Akt, pathway, and upstream of caspase-2 in ceramide-induced mito-chondrial apoptosis
    • Lin CF, Chen CL, Chiang CW, Jan MS, Huang WC, Lin YS (2007). GSK-3beta acts downstream of PP2A and the PI 3-kinase-Akt, pathway, and upstream of caspase-2 in ceramide-induced mito-chondrial apoptosis. J Cell Sci 120: 2935-2943.
    • (2007) J Cell Sci , vol.120 , pp. 2935-2943
    • Lin, C.F.1    Chen, C.L.2    Chiang, C.W.3    Jan, M.S.4    Huang, W.C.5    Lin, Y.S.6
  • 30
    • 0036830441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced glycogen syn-thase kinase-3beta activity mediates hypoxia-induced apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells and is prevented by glucose transport and metabolism
    • Loberg RD, Vesely E, Brosius FC 3rd (2002). Enhanced glycogen syn-thase kinase-3beta activity mediates hypoxia-induced apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells and is prevented by glucose transport and metabolism. J Biol Chem 277: 41667-41673.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 41667-41673
    • Loberg, R.D.1    Vesely, E.2    Brosius Iii, F.C.3
  • 31
    • 0037451929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000
    • Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, Moss M (2003). The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med 348: 1546-1554.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 1546-1554
    • Martin, G.S.1    Mannino, D.M.2    Eaton, S.3    Moss, M.4
  • 32
    • 23944486750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor-mediated cytokine production is differentially regulated by glyco-gen synthase kinase 3
    • Martin M, Rehani K, Jope RS, Michalek SM (2005). Toll-like receptor-mediated cytokine production is differentially regulated by glyco-gen synthase kinase 3. Nat Immunol 6: 777-784.
    • (2005) Nat Immunol , vol.6 , pp. 777-784
    • Martin, M.1    Rehani, K.2    Jope, R.S.3    Michalek, S.M.4
  • 33
    • 0030025549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic factors in acute renal failure due to sepsis. Results of a prospective multicentre study. the French Study Group on Acute Renal Failure
    • Neveu H, Kleinknecht D, Brivet F, Loirat P, Landais P (1996). Prognostic factors in acute renal failure due to sepsis. Results of a prospective multicentre study. The French Study Group on Acute Renal Failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 11: 293-299.
    • (1996) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.11 , pp. 293-299
    • Neveu, H.1    Kleinknecht, D.2    Brivet, F.3    Loirat, P.4    Landais, P.5
  • 36
    • 0030460595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of Fas and Fas ligand expression in cultured murine renal cells and in the kidney during endotoxemia
    • Ortiz-Arduan A, Danoff TM, Kalluri R, Gonzalez-Cuadrado S, Karp SL, Elkon K et al. (1996). Regulation of Fas and Fas ligand expression in cultured murine renal cells and in the kidney during endotoxemia. Am J Physiol 271: F1193-F1201.
    • (1996) Am J Physiol , vol.271
    • Ortiz-Arduan, A.1    Danoff, T.M.2    Kalluri, R.3    Gonzalez-Cuadrado, S.4    Karp, S.L.5    Elkon, K.6
  • 37
    • 33646795341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting GSK-3: A promising approach for cancer therapy?
    • Ougolkov AV, Billadeau DD (2006). Targeting GSK-3: a promising approach for cancer therapy? Future Oncol 2: 91-100.
    • (2006) Future Oncol , vol.2 , pp. 91-100
    • Ougolkov, A.V.1    Billadeau, D.D.2
  • 38
    • 33846585119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic infections and inflammation affect chronic neurodegeneration
    • Perry VH, Cunningham C, Holmes C (2007). Systemic infections and inflammation affect chronic neurodegeneration. Nat Rev Immunol 7: 161-167.
    • (2007) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 161-167
    • Perry, V.H.1    Cunningham, C.2    Holmes, C.3
  • 39
    • 3142634845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute renal failure and sepsis
    • Schrier RW, Wang W (2004). Acute renal failure and sepsis. N Engl J Med 351: 159-169.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 159-169
    • Schrier, R.W.1    Wang, W.2
  • 40
    • 46449107402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in cardiomyocytes during lipopolysaccharide stimulation
    • Shen E, Fan J, Peng T (2008). Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in cardiomyocytes during lipopolysaccharide stimulation. J Cell Biochem 104: 329-338.
    • (2008) J Cell Biochem , vol.104 , pp. 329-338
    • Shen, E.1    Fan, J.2    Peng, T.3
  • 41
    • 0035469857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth factor withdrawal from primary human erythroid progenitors induces apop-tosis through a pathway involving glycogen synthase kinase-3 and Bax
    • Somervaille TC, Linch DC, Khwaja A (2001). Growth factor withdrawal from primary human erythroid progenitors induces apop-tosis through a pathway involving glycogen synthase kinase-3 and Bax. Blood 98: 1374-1381.
    • (2001) Blood , vol.98 , pp. 1374-1381
    • Somervaille, T.C.1    Linch, D.C.2    Khwaja, A.3
  • 42
    • 0037160134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central role of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced caspase-3 activation
    • Song L, De Sarno P, Jope RS (2002). Central role of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced caspase-3 activation. J Biol Chem 277: 44701-44708.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 44701-44708
    • Song, L.1    De Sarno, P.2    Jope, R.S.3
  • 43
    • 33748779578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CDK/GSK-3 inhibitors as a new approach for the treatment of proliferative renal diseases
    • Soos TJ, Meijer L, Nelson PJ (2006). CDK/GSK-3 inhibitors as a new approach for the treatment of proliferative renal diseases. Drug News Perspect 19: 325-328.
    • (2006) Drug News Perspect , vol.19 , pp. 325-328
    • Soos, T.J.1    Meijer, L.2    Nelson, P.J.3
  • 44
    • 4544341116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic deletion of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta abrogates activation of IkappaBalpha kinase, JNK, Akt, and p44/p42 MAPK but potentiates apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor
    • Takada Y, Fang X, Jamaluddin MS, Boyd DD, Aggarwal BB (2004). Genetic deletion of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta abrogates activation of IkappaBalpha kinase, JNK, Akt, and p44/p42 MAPK but potentiates apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor. J Biol Chem 279: 39541-39554.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 39541-39554
    • Takada, Y.1    Fang, X.2    Jamaluddin, M.S.3    Boyd, D.D.4    Aggarwal, B.B.5
  • 46
    • 33847183077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation of Toll-like receptor signals in innate immune defence
    • Trinchieri G, Sher A (2007). Cooperation of Toll-like receptor signals in innate immune defence. Nat Rev Immunol 7: 179-190.
    • (2007) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 179-190
    • Trinchieri, G.1    Sher, A.2
  • 48
    • 33644829249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of experimental colitis in the rat by inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta
    • Whittle BJ, Varga C, Posa A, Molnar A, Collin M, Thiemermann C (2006). Reduction of experimental colitis in the rat by inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta. Br J Pharmacol 147: 575-582.
    • (2006) Br J Pharmacol , vol.147 , pp. 575-582
    • Whittle, B.J.1    Varga, C.2    Posa, A.3    Molnar, A.4    Collin, M.5    Thiemermann, C.6
  • 49
    • 23944499155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GSK3: An in-Toll-erant protein kinase?
    • Woodgett JR, Ohashi PS (2005). GSK3: an in-Toll-erant protein kinase? Nat Immunol 6: 751-752.
    • (2005) Nat Immunol , vol.6 , pp. 751-752
    • Woodgett, J.R.1    Ohashi, P.S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.