Short-term stress: The case of transport and slaughter;Importanza e conseguenze degli stress acuti: Il caso del trasporto e della macellazione

Italian Journal of Animal Science

Volumn 8, Issue SUPPL. 1, 2009, Pages 241-252

  Costa, Leonardo Nanni ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Acute stress; Carcass bruises; Meat quality; Slaughter; Transport

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA;

EID: 70349970024     PISSN: 15944077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2009.s1.241     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. Alados, C.L., Escós, J., Emlen, J.M., 1996. Fractal structure of sequential behaviour patterns: an indicator of stress. Anim. Behav. 51:437-443.
2. Boleman, S.L., Boleman, S.J., Morgan, W.W., Hale, D.S., Griffin, D.B., Savell, J.W., Ames, R.P., Smith, M.T., Tatum, J.D., Field, T.G., Smith, G.C., Gardner, B.A., Morgan, J.B., Northcutt, S.L., Dolezal, H.G., Gill, D.R., Ray, F.K., 1998. National Beef Quality Audit-1995: Survey of producer-related defects and carcass quality and quantity attributes. J. Anim. Sci. 76:96-103.
3. Broom, D.M., 2005. The effects of land transport on animal welfare. Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz. 24:683-691.
4. Broom, D.M., 2007. Welfare assessment and problem areas during handling and transport. In: T. Grandin (ed.) Livestock Handling and Transport. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp 30-43.
5. Broom, D.M., Goode, J.A., Hall, S.J.L., Lloyd, D.M., Parrott, R.F., 1996. Hormonal and physiological effects of a 15-hour road journey in sheep: Comparison with the responses of loading, handling and penning in the absence of transport. Br. Vet. J. 152:593-604.
6. Brown, S.N., Bevis, E.A., Warriss, P.D., 1990. An estimate of the incidence of dark cutting beef in the United Kingdom. Meat Sci. 27:249-258.
7. Christensen, L., 2005. Mortality of pigs during long and short transport. pp 64-73 in Proc. Seminar NJF on Transport and handling of animals a Nordic Challenge!, Alnarp, Sweden.
8. Eicher, S.D., 2001. Transportation of cattle in the dairy industry: current research and future directions. J. Dairy Sci. 84 (Suppl. E.):19-23.
9. European Council, 2005. Council Regulation No. 1/2005 of 22 December 2004 concerning the protection of animals during transport and related operations and amending Directives 64/432/EEC and 93/119/EC and Regulation, 97/1255/EC. In: Official Journal, L 3, 05/01/2005, pp 1-44.
10. Fabiansson, S., Erichsen, I., Laser Reuterswärd, A., Malmfors, G., 1984. The incidence of dark cutting beef in Sweden. Meat Sci. 10:21-33.
11. Fernandez, X., Meunier-Salaün, M.C., Ecolan, P., 1994. Glycogen depletion according to muscle and fibre types in response to dyadic encounters in pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) - Relationships with plasma epinephrine and aggressive behaviour. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 109:869-879.
12. Gallo, C., Lizondo, G., Knowles, T.G., 2003. Effect of journey and lairage time on steers transported to slaughter in Chile. Vet. Rec. 152:361-364.
13. Gariepy, C., Amiot, J., Nadai, S., 1989. Ante-mortem detection of PSE and DFD by infrared thermography of pigs before stunning. Meat Sci. 25:3-41.
14. Gispert, M., Faucitano, L., Guardia, M., Oliver, M., Siggens, K., Harvey, K., Diestre, A., 2000. A survey on preslaughter conditions, halothane gene frequency, and carcass and meat quality in five Spanish pig commercial abattoirs. Meat Sci. 55:97-106.
15. Gonjou, H.W., 2000. Behavioural principles of animal handling and transport. In: T. Grandin (ed.) Livestock Handling and Transport. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp. 15-26.
16. th Ann. Meet. Livestock Conservation Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA.
17. Grandin, T., 1997. Assessment of stress during handling and transport. J. Anim. Sci. 75:249-257.
18. Grandin, T., 2003. The welfare of pigs during transport and slaughter. Pig News Inform. 24:83-90.
19. Grandin, T., 2007a. Effect of costumer requirements, international standards and marketing structure on the handling and transport of livestock and poultry. In: T. Grandin (ed.) Livestock Handling and Transport. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp. 1-18.
20. Grandin, T., 2007b. Handling and welfare of livestock in slaughter plants. In: T. Grandin (ed.) Livestock Handling and Transport. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp. 329-353.
21. Guise, H.J., Riches, H.L., Hunter, B.J., Jones, T.A., Warriss, P.D., Kettlewell, P.J., 1998. The effect of stocking density on transit on carcass quality and welfare of slaughter pigs. Meat Sci. 50:439-446.
22. Jones, S.D.M., Tong, A.K.W., 1989. Factors influencing the commercial incidence of dark cutting beef. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 69:649-654.
23. Kenny, F.J., Tarrant, P.V., 1987. The reaction of young bulls to short-haul road transport. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 17:209-227.
24. Kettlewell, P., Mitchell, M., Harper, E., Villarroel, E., María, G., 2005. Thermal environments within transport vehicles. pp. 24-33 in Proc. Seminar NJF on Transport and handling of animals a Nordic Challenge!, Alnarp, Sweden.
25. Knowles, T.G., 1998. A review of the road transport of slaughter sheep. Vet. Rec. 143:212-219.
26. Knowles, T.G., 1999. A review of the road transport of cattle. Vet. Rec. 20:197-201.
27. Knowles, T.G., Brown, S.N., Edwards, J.E., Warris, P.D., 1998. Ambient temperature below which pigs should not be continuously showed in lairage. Vet. Rec. 143:576-578.
28. Knowles, T.G., Maunder, D.H.L., Warriss, P.D., 1994. Factors affecting the incidence of bruising in lambs arriving at one slaughterhouse. Vet. Rec. 34:44-45.
29. Knowles, T.G., Warriss, P.D., 2007. Stress physiology of animals during transport. In: T. Grandin (ed.) Livestock Handling and Transport. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp 312-328.
30. Knowles, T.G., Warriss, P.D., Brown, S.N., Edwards, J.E., 1999. Effects on cattle of transportation by road for up to 31 hours. Vet. Rec. 145:572-562.
31. Lambooij, E., 2007. Transport of pig. In: T. Grandin (ed.) Livestock Handling and Transport. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp 228-244.
32. Lensink, B.J., Fernandez, X., Cozzi, G., Florand, L., Veissier, I., 2001. The influence of farmers' behavior on calves' reactions to transport and quality of veal meat. J. Anim. Sci. 79:642-652.
33. Liotta, L., Nanni Costa, L., Chiofalo, B., Ravarotto, L., Chiofalo, V., 2007. Effects of lairage time on some blood constituents and on beef quality of bulls after long journey. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 7:375-384.
34. Loughmiller, J.A., Spire, M.F., Dritz, S.S., Fenwick, B.W., Hosni, M.H., Hogge, S.B., 2001. Relationship between mean body surface temperature measured by use of infrared thermography and ambient temperature in clinically normal pigs and pigs inoculated with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Am. J. Vet. Res. 62:676-681.
35. Marahrens, M., Von Richthofen, I., Schmeiduch, S., Hartung, J., 2003. Special problem of long-distance road transport of cattle. Deut. Tierarztl. Woch. 110:120-125.
36. María, G.A., Escós, J., Alados, C.L., 2004. Complexity of behavioural sequences and their relation to stress conditions in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus): a non-invasive technique to evaluate animal welfare. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 86:93-104.
37. María, G.A., Villarroel, M., Chacón, G., Gebresenbet, G., 2004. Scoring system for evaluating the stress to cattle of commercial loading and unloading. Vet. Rec. 154:818-821.
38. McEwen, B., 2002. The end of stress as we know it. Joseph Henry Press/Dana Press, Washington, DC, USA.
39. McNally, P.W., Warriss, P.D., 1996. Recent bruising in cattle at abattoirs. Vet. Rec. 138:126-128.
40. Mohan Raj, A.B., Moss, B.W., Rice, D.A., Kilpatrick, D.J., McCaughey, W.J., McLauchlan, W., 1992. Effect of mixing male sex types of cattle on their meat quality and stress related parameters. Meat Sci. 32:367-386.
41. Morgan, J.B., Smith, G.C., Fitzgerald, S.K., Sherbeck, J.A, Kukay, C.C., Radakovich, W., Neel, S.W., 1994. International Pork Quality Audit. Final Report to the U.S. Meat Export Federation and National Pork Producers Council. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA.
42. Morris, D.G., 1994. Literature review of welfare aspects and carcass quality effects in the transport of cattle, sheep and goats (LMAQ.011). Report prepared by the Queensland Livestock and Meat Authority for the Meat Research Corporation. Queensland Livestock and Meat Authority Spring Hill, Queensland, Australia.
43. th Nat. Congr. ASPA., Firenze, Italy.
44. Nanni Costa, L., Lo Fiego, D.P., Cassanelli, M.G., Tassone, F., Russo, V., 2003. Effect of journey time and environmental condition on bull behaviour and beef quality during road transport in North-ern Italy. Deut. Tierarztl. Woch. 110:107-110.
45. Nanni Costa, L., Lo Fiego, D.P., Dall'Olio, S., Davoli, R., Russo, V., 2002. Combined effects of preslaughter treatments and lairage time on carcass and meat quality in pigs with different halothane genotype. Meat Sci. 61:41-47.
46. Nanni Costa, L., Tassone, F., Lo Fiego, D.P., Russo, V., 2005. Study on the relationship between preslaughter handling and carcass bruising in calf and bull carcasses. pp. 34-40 in Proc. Seminar NJF on Transport and handling of animals a Nordic Challenge!, Alnarp, Sweden.
47. Nanni Costa, L., Tassone, F., Lo Fiego, D.P., Russo, V., 2006. The relationship between carcass bruising in bulls and behaviour observed during preslaughter phases. Vet. Res. Commun. 30(Suppl. 1):379-381.
48. Nanni Costa, L., Tassone, F., Rigetti, R., Melotti, L., Comellini, M., 2007. Effect of farm floor type on the behaviour of heavy pigs during pre-slaughter handling. Vet. Res. Commun. 31(Suppl. 1):397-399.
49. Randall, J.M., Stiles, M.A., Geers, R., Schütte, A., Christensen, L., Bradshaw, R.H., 1996. Vibration on pig transporters: implications for reducing stress. pp 143-159 in Proc. EU Seminar on New Information on welfare and meat quality of pigs as related to handling, transport and lairage conditions, Mariensee, Germany.
50. SCAHAW, 2002. The welfare of animals during transport (details for horses, pigs, sheep and cattle). Report of the Scientific Committee on Animal Health and Animal Welfare (SCAHAW). Home page address: http://ec.europa.eu/food/Fs/sc/scah/out71en.pdf
51. Schaeffer, A.L., Dubeski, P.L., Aalhus, J.L., Tong, A.K.W., 2001. Role of nutrition in reducing antemortem stress and meat quality aberrations. J. Anim. Sci. 79:91-101.
52. Schaeffer, A.L., Jones, S.D.M., Murray, A.C., Sather, A.P., Tong, A.K.W., 1989. Infrared thermography of pigs with known genotypes for stress susceptibility in relation to pork quality. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 69:491-495.
53. Singh, S.P., Marcondes, J.,1992. Vibration levels in commercial truck shipments as a function of suspension and payload. J. Test. Eval. 20:466-469.
54. Smith, G.C., Savell, J.W., Dolezal, H.G., Field, T.G., Gill, D.G., Griffin, D.B., Hale, D.S., Morgan, J.B., Northcutt, S.L., Tatum, J.D., Ames, R., Boleman, S., Gardner, B., Morgan, W., Smith, M., 1995. The National Beef Quality Audit. Texas A&M University ed., Fort Collins, CO, USA.
55. Tarrant, V., Grandin, T., 2000. Cattle transport. In: T. Grandin (ed.) Livestock Handling and Transport. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp. 151-173.
56. UNICEB, 2002. Trasporto e benessere degli animali. Home page address: http://www.uniceb.it/index2.htm
57. van der Wal, P.G., Engel, B., Reimert, H.G.M., 1999. The effect of stress, applied immediately before stunning, on pork quality. Meat Sci. 53:101-106.
58. Van Donkersgoed, J., Jewison, G., Bygrove, S., Gillis, K., Malchow, D., McLeod, G., 2001. Canadian beef quality audit 1998-99. Can. Vet. J. 42:116-120.
59. von Borell, E.H., 2001. The biology of stress and its application to livestock housing and transportation assessment. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Suppl E.):260-267.
60. th Eur. Meet. on Meat Research Workers, Bristol, UK.
61. Warriss, P.D., 1996. Guidelines for the handling of pigs antemortem - Interim conclusions from EC-AIR3-PROJECT CT920262. Landbauforsch. Volk. 166:217-225.
62. Warriss, P.D., 2003. Optimal lairage times and conditions for slaughter pigs: A review. Vet. Rec. 153:170-176.
63. Warriss, P.D., Brown, S.N., Edwards, J.E., Knowles, T.G., 1998. Effect of lairage time on levels of stress and meat quality in pigs. Anim. Sci. 66:225-261.
64. Warriss, P.D., Brown, S.N., Knowles, T.G., Kestin, S.C., Edwards, J.E., Dolan, S.K., Phillips, A.J., 1995. Effects on cattle transport by road for up to 15 hours. Vet. Rec. 136:319-323.
65. Warriss, P.D., Brown, S.N., Knowles, T.G., Wilkins, L.J., Pope, S.J., Chadd, S.A., Kettlewell, P.J., Green, N.R., 2006a. Comparison of the effects of fan-assisted and natural ventilation of vehi-cles on the welfare of pigs being transported to slaughter. Vet. Rec. 158:585-588.
66. Warriss, P.D., Pope, S.J., Brown, S.N., Wilkins, L.J., Knowles, T.G., 2006b. Estimating the body temperature of groups of pigs by thermal imaging. Vet. Rec. 158:331-334.
67. st Int. Virtual Conf. on Pork Quality, Welfare, Transport, Slaughter and Consumer, Concordia, Brazil.