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Recently, it was reported that N-arylations in water with FeCl3 under otherwise identical conditions as applied in ref. [3a] gave essentially the same results: Y.-C. Teo
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Recently, it was reported that N-arylations in water with FeCl3 under otherwise identical conditions as applied in ref. [3a] gave essentially the same results: Y.-C. Teo, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2009, 351, 720.
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The best results were achieved with FeCl3 having a purity of >98% (from Merck). According to atom absorption spectroscopy the major contaminant in this sample is manganese (ca. 0.17%). Control experiments showed this to be catalytically inactive: A. Correa, M. Carril, C. Bolm, unpublished results. The copper content was determined to be 0.034 %.
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The best results were achieved with FeCl3 having a purity of >98% (from Merck). According to atom absorption spectroscopy the major contaminant in this sample is manganese (ca. 0.17%). Control experiments showed this to be catalytically inactive: A. Correa, M. Carril, C. Bolm, unpublished results. The copper content was determined to be 0.034 %.
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This is consistent with observations reported for the N-arylations of sulfoximines ref, 3b
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This is consistent with observations reported for the N-arylations of sulfoximines (ref. [3b]).
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Also in iron-catalyzed alkylations of aromatic Grignard reagents the purity of the FeCl3 is important. See: G. Cahiez, V. Habiak, C. Duplais, A. Moyeux, Angew. Chem. 2007, 119, 4442;
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Also in iron-catalyzed alkylations of aromatic Grignard reagents the purity of the FeCl3 is important. See: G. Cahiez, V. Habiak, C. Duplais, A. Moyeux, Angew. Chem. 2007, 119, 4442;
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Prof. Dr. Per-Ola Norrby (University of Gothenburg, Sweden) kindly informed us about analogous observations found independently. For a summary of those findings, see: P.-F Larsson, A. Correa, M. Carril, P.-O. Norrby, C. Bolm, Angew. Chem. 2009, 121, 5801;
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Prof. Dr. Per-Ola Norrby (University of Gothenburg, Sweden) kindly informed us about analogous observations found independently. For a summary of those findings, see: P.-F Larsson, A. Correa, M. Carril, P.-O. Norrby, C. Bolm, Angew. Chem. 2009, 121, 5801;
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For Fe/Cu co-catalyses (with commonly catalyst loadings in the 10 mol % range for both metals), see: a) M. Taillefer, N. Xia, A. Oualli, Angew. Chem. 2007, 119, 952;
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For an excellent highlight providing additional insight into the importance of trace metals in palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira reactions, see: H. Plenio, Angew. Chem. 2008, 120, 7060;
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For an excellent highlight providing additional insight into the importance of trace metals in palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira reactions, see: H. Plenio, Angew. Chem. 2008, 120, 7060;
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