메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 39, Issue 14, 2009, Pages 1561-1571

Characterisation of a fatty acid and retinol binding protein orthologue from the hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum

Author keywords

Ancylostoma; Fatty acid; Fatty acid binding protein; Hookworm; Nematode

Indexed keywords

CHOLERA TOXIN; COMPLEMENTARY DNA; FATTY ACID; FATTY ACID BINDING PROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA; PROTEIN ACEFAR 1; RECOMBINANT ACEFAR 1; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN; RETINOL BINDING PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 70349776075     PISSN: 00207519     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2009.06.005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (45)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0030743667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of Spontaneous transfer and transbilayer movement of BODIPY-labeled lipids in lipid vesicles
    • Bai J., and Pagano R.E. Measurement of Spontaneous transfer and transbilayer movement of BODIPY-labeled lipids in lipid vesicles. Biochemistry 36 (1997) 8840-8848
    • (1997) Biochemistry , vol.36 , pp. 8840-8848
    • Bai, J.1    Pagano, R.E.2
  • 2
    • 0037242769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ac-FAR-1, a 20 kDa fatty acid- and retinol-binding protein secreted by adult Ancylostoma caninum hookworms: gene transcription pattern, ligand binding properties and structural characterisation
    • Basavaraju S., Zhan B., Kennedy M.W., Liu Y., Hawdon J., and Hotez P.J. Ac-FAR-1, a 20 kDa fatty acid- and retinol-binding protein secreted by adult Ancylostoma caninum hookworms: gene transcription pattern, ligand binding properties and structural characterisation. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 126 (2003) 63-71
    • (2003) Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. , vol.126 , pp. 63-71
    • Basavaraju, S.1    Zhan, B.2    Kennedy, M.W.3    Liu, Y.4    Hawdon, J.5    Hotez, P.J.6
  • 3
    • 3042692958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism
    • Lee D.L. (Ed), Taylor & Francis, London
    • Behm C.A. Metabolism. In: Lee D.L. (Ed). The Biology of Nematodes (2002), Taylor & Francis, London 261-290
    • (2002) The Biology of Nematodes , pp. 261-290
    • Behm, C.A.1
  • 5
    • 33846003857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and characterization of a C-type lectin from Ancylostoma ceylanicum: Evidence for a role in hookworm reproductive physiology
    • Brown A.C., Harrison L.M., Kapulkin W., Jones B.F., Sinha A., Savage A., Villalon N., and Cappello M. Molecular cloning and characterization of a C-type lectin from Ancylostoma ceylanicum: Evidence for a role in hookworm reproductive physiology. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 151 (2007) 141
    • (2007) Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. , vol.151 , pp. 141
    • Brown, A.C.1    Harrison, L.M.2    Kapulkin, W.3    Jones, B.F.4    Sinha, A.5    Savage, A.6    Villalon, N.7    Cappello, M.8
  • 6
    • 0026561283 scopus 로고
    • Structural and functional characterization of the phosphorylated adipocyte lipid-binding protein (pp15)
    • Buelt M.K., Xu Z., Banaszak L.J., and Bernlohr D.A. Structural and functional characterization of the phosphorylated adipocyte lipid-binding protein (pp15). Biochemistry 31 (1992) 3493-3499
    • (1992) Biochemistry , vol.31 , pp. 3493-3499
    • Buelt, M.K.1    Xu, Z.2    Banaszak, L.J.3    Bernlohr, D.A.4
  • 7
    • 6444227382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hookworm infection: new developments and prospects for control
    • Bungiro R., and Cappello M. Hookworm infection: new developments and prospects for control. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 17 (2004) 421-426
    • (2004) Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. , vol.17 , pp. 421-426
    • Bungiro, R.1    Cappello, M.2
  • 8
    • 0035341708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitigation of hookworm disease by immunization with soluble extracts of Ancylostoma ceylanicum
    • Bungiro Jr. R.D., Greene J., Kruglov E., and Cappello M. Mitigation of hookworm disease by immunization with soluble extracts of Ancylostoma ceylanicum. J. Infect. Dis. 183 (2001) 1380-1387
    • (2001) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.183 , pp. 1380-1387
    • Bungiro Jr., R.D.1    Greene, J.2    Kruglov, E.3    Cappello, M.4
  • 9
    • 1842484056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purification and molecular cloning of and immunization with Ancylostoma ceylanicum excretory-secretory protein 2, an immunoreactive protein produced by adult hookworms
    • Bungiro Jr. R.D., Solis C.V., Harrison L.M., and Cappello M. Purification and molecular cloning of and immunization with Ancylostoma ceylanicum excretory-secretory protein 2, an immunoreactive protein produced by adult hookworms. Infect. Immun. 72 (2004) 2203-2213
    • (2004) Infect. Immun. , vol.72 , pp. 2203-2213
    • Bungiro Jr., R.D.1    Solis, C.V.2    Harrison, L.M.3    Cappello, M.4
  • 12
    • 0027526384 scopus 로고
    • The ABA-1 allergen of the nematode Ascaris suum: epitope stability, mass spectrometry, and N-terminal sequence comparison with its homologue in Toxocara canis
    • Christie J.F., Dunbar B., and Kennedy M.W. The ABA-1 allergen of the nematode Ascaris suum: epitope stability, mass spectrometry, and N-terminal sequence comparison with its homologue in Toxocara canis. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 92 (1993) 125-132
    • (1993) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.92 , pp. 125-132
    • Christie, J.F.1    Dunbar, B.2    Kennedy, M.W.3
  • 13
    • 1842431649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of Ancylostoma ceylanicum Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor: evidence for a role in hookworm-associated growth delay
    • Chu D., Bungiro R.D., Ibanez M., Harrison L.M., Campodonico E., Jones B.F., Mieszczanek J., Kuzmic P., and Cappello M. Molecular characterization of Ancylostoma ceylanicum Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor: evidence for a role in hookworm-associated growth delay. Infect. Immun. 72 (2004) 2214-2221
    • (2004) Infect. Immun. , vol.72 , pp. 2214-2221
    • Chu, D.1    Bungiro, R.D.2    Ibanez, M.3    Harrison, L.M.4    Campodonico, E.5    Jones, B.F.6    Mieszczanek, J.7    Kuzmic, P.8    Cappello, M.9
  • 14
    • 0017075905 scopus 로고
    • Binding affinities of retinol and related compounds to retinol binding proteins
    • Cogan U., Kopelman M., Mokady S., and Shinitzky M. Binding affinities of retinol and related compounds to retinol binding proteins. Eur. J. Biochem. 65 (1976) 71-78
    • (1976) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.65 , pp. 71-78
    • Cogan, U.1    Kopelman, M.2    Mokady, S.3    Shinitzky, M.4
  • 16
    • 0344837390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The FAR proteins of parasitic nematodes: their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of infection and the use of Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system to evaluate their function
    • Garofalo A., Kennedy M.W., and Bradley J.E. The FAR proteins of parasitic nematodes: their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of infection and the use of Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system to evaluate their function. Med. Microbiol. Immunol. 192 (2003) 47-52
    • (2003) Med. Microbiol. Immunol. , vol.192 , pp. 47-52
    • Garofalo, A.1    Kennedy, M.W.2    Bradley, J.E.3
  • 17
  • 18
    • 0038643823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The second messenger cyclic GMP mediates activation in Ancylostoma caninum infective larvae
    • Hawdon J.M., and Datu B. The second messenger cyclic GMP mediates activation in Ancylostoma caninum infective larvae. Int. J. Parasitol. 33 (2003) 787-793
    • (2003) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.33 , pp. 787-793
    • Hawdon, J.M.1    Datu, B.2
  • 22
    • 0033578684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein secondary structure prediction based on position-specific scoring matrices
    • Jones D.T. Protein secondary structure prediction based on position-specific scoring matrices. J. Mol. Biol. 292 (1999) 195-202
    • (1999) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.292 , pp. 195-202
    • Jones, D.T.1
  • 24
    • 0029024884 scopus 로고
    • The ABA-1 allergen of the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum: fatty acid and retinoid binding function and structural characterization
    • Kennedy M.W., Brass A., McCruden A.B., Price N.C., Kelly S.M., and Cooper A. The ABA-1 allergen of the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum: fatty acid and retinoid binding function and structural characterization. Biochemistry 34 (1995) 6700-6710
    • (1995) Biochemistry , vol.34 , pp. 6700-6710
    • Kennedy, M.W.1    Brass, A.2    McCruden, A.B.3    Price, N.C.4    Kelly, S.M.5    Cooper, A.6
  • 25
    • 0030682113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Ov20 protein of the parasitic nematode Onchocerca volvulus. A structurally novel class of small helix-rich retinol-binding proteins
    • Kennedy M.W., Garside L.H., Goodrick L.E., McDermott L., Brass A., Price N.C., Kelly S.M., Cooper A., and Bradley J.E. The Ov20 protein of the parasitic nematode Onchocerca volvulus. A structurally novel class of small helix-rich retinol-binding proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 29442-29448
    • (1997) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.272 , pp. 29442-29448
    • Kennedy, M.W.1    Garside, L.H.2    Goodrick, L.E.3    McDermott, L.4    Brass, A.5    Price, N.C.6    Kelly, S.M.7    Cooper, A.8    Bradley, J.E.9
  • 26
    • 0033981221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The polyprotein lipid binding proteins of nematodes
    • Kennedy M.W. The polyprotein lipid binding proteins of nematodes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1476 (2000) 149-164
    • (2000) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1476 , pp. 149-164
    • Kennedy, M.W.1
  • 27
    • 15044359915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Field evaluation of anthelmintic drug sensitivity using in vitro egg hatch and larval motility assays with Necator americanus recovered from human clinical isolates
    • Kotze A.C., Coleman G.T., Mai A., and McCarthy J.S. Field evaluation of anthelmintic drug sensitivity using in vitro egg hatch and larval motility assays with Necator americanus recovered from human clinical isolates. Int. J. Parasitol. 35 (2005) 445-453
    • (2005) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.35 , pp. 445-453
    • Kotze, A.C.1    Coleman, G.T.2    Mai, A.3    McCarthy, J.S.4
  • 28
    • 0023659440 scopus 로고
    • A trans-spliced leader sequence on actin mRNA in C. elegans
    • Krause M., and Hirsh D. A trans-spliced leader sequence on actin mRNA in C. elegans. Cell 49 (1987) 753-761
    • (1987) Cell , vol.49 , pp. 753-761
    • Krause, M.1    Hirsh, D.2
  • 30
    • 0038739808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cuticle, moulting and exsheathment
    • Lee D.L. (Ed), Taylor & Francis, London
    • Lee D.L. Cuticle, moulting and exsheathment. In: Lee D.L. (Ed). The Biology of Nematodes (2002), Taylor & Francis, London 171-209
    • (2002) The Biology of Nematodes , pp. 171-209
    • Lee, D.L.1
  • 31
    • 0041386069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ClustalW-MPI: ClustalW analysis using distributed and parallel computing
    • Li K.B. ClustalW-MPI: ClustalW analysis using distributed and parallel computing. Bioinformatics 19 (2003) 1585-1586
    • (2003) Bioinformatics , vol.19 , pp. 1585-1586
    • Li, K.B.1
  • 32
    • 0035710746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method
    • Livak K.J., and Schmittgen T.D. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods 25 (2001) 402-408
    • (2001) Methods , vol.25 , pp. 402-408
    • Livak, K.J.1    Schmittgen, T.D.2
  • 33
    • 0026356891 scopus 로고
    • Predicting coiled coils from protein sequences
    • Lupas A., Van Dyke M., and Stock J. Predicting coiled coils from protein sequences. Science 252 (1991) 1162-1164
    • (1991) Science , vol.252 , pp. 1162-1164
    • Lupas, A.1    Van Dyke, M.2    Stock, J.3
  • 34
    • 0022643095 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the polarity of the protein interior by optical spectroscopy
    • Macgregor R.B., and Weber G. Estimation of the polarity of the protein interior by optical spectroscopy. Nature 319 (1986) 70-73
    • (1986) Nature , vol.319 , pp. 70-73
    • Macgregor, R.B.1    Weber, G.2
  • 36
    • 0035928790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutagenic and chemical modification of the ABA-1 allergen of the nematode Ascaris: consequences for structure and lipid binding properties
    • McDermott L., Moore J., Brass A., Price N.C., Kelly S.M., Cooper A., and Kennedy M.W. Mutagenic and chemical modification of the ABA-1 allergen of the nematode Ascaris: consequences for structure and lipid binding properties. Biochemistry 40 (2001) 9918-9926
    • (2001) Biochemistry , vol.40 , pp. 9918-9926
    • McDermott, L.1    Moore, J.2    Brass, A.3    Price, N.C.4    Kelly, S.M.5    Cooper, A.6    Kennedy, M.W.7
  • 37
    • 0034703067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A broad spectrum Kunitz type serine protease inhibitor secreted by the hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum
    • Milstone A.M., Harrison L.M., Bungiro R.D., Kuzmic P., and Cappello M. A broad spectrum Kunitz type serine protease inhibitor secreted by the hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 29391-29399
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 29391-29399
    • Milstone, A.M.1    Harrison, L.M.2    Bungiro, R.D.3    Kuzmic, P.4    Cappello, M.5
  • 39
    • 0032909003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin A prevents the decline in immunoglobulin A and Th2 cytokine levels in small intestinal mucosa of protein-malnourished mice
    • Nikawa T., Odahara K., Koizumi H., Kido Y., Teshima S., Rokutan K., and Kishi K. Vitamin A prevents the decline in immunoglobulin A and Th2 cytokine levels in small intestinal mucosa of protein-malnourished mice. J. Nutr. 129 (1999) 934-941
    • (1999) J. Nutr. , vol.129 , pp. 934-941
    • Nikawa, T.1    Odahara, K.2    Koizumi, H.3    Kido, Y.4    Teshima, S.5    Rokutan, K.6    Kishi, K.7
  • 40
    • 0013377423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hatching
    • Lee D.L. (Ed), Taylor & Francis, London
    • Perry R. Hatching. In: Lee D.L. (Ed). The Biology of Nematodes (2002), Taylor & Francis, London 147-209
    • (2002) The Biology of Nematodes , pp. 147-209
    • Perry, R.1
  • 41
    • 0035365837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A surface-associated retinol- and fatty acid-binding protein (Gp-FAR-1) from the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida: lipid binding activities, structural analysis and expression pattern
    • Prior A., Jones J.T., Blok V.C., Beauchamp J., McDermott L., Cooper A., and Kennedy M.W. A surface-associated retinol- and fatty acid-binding protein (Gp-FAR-1) from the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida: lipid binding activities, structural analysis and expression pattern. Biochem. J. 356 (2001) 387-394
    • (2001) Biochem. J. , vol.356 , pp. 387-394
    • Prior, A.1    Jones, J.T.2    Blok, V.C.3    Beauchamp, J.4    McDermott, L.5    Cooper, A.6    Kennedy, M.W.7
  • 42
    • 0025112724 scopus 로고
    • The surface lipid of parasitic nematodes: organization, and modifications during transition to the mammalian host environment
    • Proudfoot L., Kusel J.R., Smith H.V., Harnett W., Worms M.J., and Kennedy M.W. The surface lipid of parasitic nematodes: organization, and modifications during transition to the mammalian host environment. Acta Trop. 47 (1990) 323-330
    • (1990) Acta Trop. , vol.47 , pp. 323-330
    • Proudfoot, L.1    Kusel, J.R.2    Smith, H.V.3    Harnett, W.4    Worms, M.J.5    Kennedy, M.W.6
  • 43
    • 39049110717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An agar plate method for culturing hookworm larvae: analysis of growth kinetics and infectivity compared with standard coproculture techniques
    • Reiss D., Harrison L.M., Bungiro R., and Cappello M. An agar plate method for culturing hookworm larvae: analysis of growth kinetics and infectivity compared with standard coproculture techniques. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 77 (2007) 1087-1090
    • (2007) Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. , vol.77 , pp. 1087-1090
    • Reiss, D.1    Harrison, L.M.2    Bungiro, R.3    Cappello, M.4
  • 45
    • 0032756346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin A and immunity to viral, bacterial and protozoan infections
    • Semba R.D. Vitamin A and immunity to viral, bacterial and protozoan infections. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 58 (1999) 719-727
    • (1999) Proc. Nutr. Soc. , vol.58 , pp. 719-727
    • Semba, R.D.1
  • 46
    • 0942268820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low dose daily iron supplementation improves iron status and appetite but not anemia, whereas quarterly anthelminthic treatment improves growth, appetite and anemia in Zanzibari preschool children
    • Stoltzfus R.J., Chway H.M., Montresor A., Tielsch J.M., Jape J.K., Albonico M., and Savioli L. Low dose daily iron supplementation improves iron status and appetite but not anemia, whereas quarterly anthelminthic treatment improves growth, appetite and anemia in Zanzibari preschool children. J. Nutr. 134 (2004) 348-356
    • (2004) J. Nutr. , vol.134 , pp. 348-356
    • Stoltzfus, R.J.1    Chway, H.M.2    Montresor, A.3    Tielsch, J.M.4    Jape, J.K.5    Albonico, M.6    Savioli, L.7
  • 47
    • 0019998220 scopus 로고
    • Vitamin A deficiency and the development of Litomosoides carinii (Nematoda, Filarioidea) in cotton rats
    • Storey D.M. Vitamin A deficiency and the development of Litomosoides carinii (Nematoda, Filarioidea) in cotton rats. Z. Parasitenkd. 67 (1982) 309-315
    • (1982) Z. Parasitenkd. , vol.67 , pp. 309-315
    • Storey, D.M.1
  • 49
    • 0027958322 scopus 로고
    • Effect on ligand binding of arginine mutations in recombinant rat liver fatty acid-binding protein
    • Thumser A.E., Evans C., Worrall A.F., and Wilton D.C. Effect on ligand binding of arginine mutations in recombinant rat liver fatty acid-binding protein. Biochem. J. 297 Pt. 1 (1994) 103-107
    • (1994) Biochem. J. , vol.297 , Issue.PART 1 , pp. 103-107
    • Thumser, A.E.1    Evans, C.2    Worrall, A.F.3    Wilton, D.C.4
  • 50
    • 0034602676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common muscarinic pathway for diapause recovery in the distantly related nematode species Caenorhabditis elegans and Ancylostoma caninum
    • Tissenbaum H.A., Hawdon J., Perregaux M., Hotez P., Guarente L., and Ruvkun G. A common muscarinic pathway for diapause recovery in the distantly related nematode species Caenorhabditis elegans and Ancylostoma caninum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 (2000) 460-465
    • (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.97 , pp. 460-465
    • Tissenbaum, H.A.1    Hawdon, J.2    Perregaux, M.3    Hotez, P.4    Guarente, L.5    Ruvkun, G.6
  • 51
    • 22144447881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allergen-specific IgE and IgG4 are markers of resistance and susceptibility in a human intestinal nematode infection
    • Turner J.D., Faulkner H., Kamgno J., Kennedy M.W., Behnke J., Boussinesq M., and Bradley J.E. Allergen-specific IgE and IgG4 are markers of resistance and susceptibility in a human intestinal nematode infection. Microbes Infect. 7 (2005) 990-996
    • (2005) Microbes Infect. , vol.7 , pp. 990-996
    • Turner, J.D.1    Faulkner, H.2    Kamgno, J.3    Kennedy, M.W.4    Behnke, J.5    Boussinesq, M.6    Bradley, J.E.7
  • 52
    • 0029991343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane-associated and cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins
    • Van Nieuwenhoven F.A., Van der Vusse G.J., and Glatz J.F. Membrane-associated and cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins. Lipids 31 Suppl. (1996) S223-S227
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31 , Issue.SUPPL
    • Van Nieuwenhoven, F.A.1    Van der Vusse, G.J.2    Glatz, J.F.3
  • 53
    • 0022445067 scopus 로고
    • Studies on fatty acid-binding proteins. The detection and quantification of the protein from rat liver by using a fluorescent fatty acid analogue
    • Wilkinson T.C., and Wilton D.C. Studies on fatty acid-binding proteins. The detection and quantification of the protein from rat liver by using a fluorescent fatty acid analogue. Biochem. J. 238 (1986) 419-424
    • (1986) Biochem. J. , vol.238 , pp. 419-424
    • Wilkinson, T.C.1    Wilton, D.C.2
  • 54
    • 0025179835 scopus 로고
    • The fatty acid analogue 11-(dansylamino)undecanoic acid is a fluorescent probe for the bilirubin-binding sites of albumin and not for the high-affinity fatty acid-binding sites
    • Wilton D.C. The fatty acid analogue 11-(dansylamino)undecanoic acid is a fluorescent probe for the bilirubin-binding sites of albumin and not for the high-affinity fatty acid-binding sites. Biochem. J. 270 (1990) 163-166
    • (1990) Biochem. J. , vol.270 , pp. 163-166
    • Wilton, D.C.1
  • 55
    • 0028899206 scopus 로고
    • Brugia malayi: retinoic acid uptake and localization
    • Wolff K.M., and Scott A.L. Brugia malayi: retinoic acid uptake and localization. Exp. Parasitol. 80 (1995) 282-290
    • (1995) Exp. Parasitol. , vol.80 , pp. 282-290
    • Wolff, K.M.1    Scott, A.L.2
  • 56
    • 0014263342 scopus 로고
    • The fine structure of the cuticle and interchordal hypodermis of the parasitic nematodes, Capillaria hepatica and Trichuris myocastoris
    • Wright K.A. The fine structure of the cuticle and interchordal hypodermis of the parasitic nematodes, Capillaria hepatica and Trichuris myocastoris. Can. J. Zool. 46 (1968) 173-179
    • (1968) Can. J. Zool. , vol.46 , pp. 173-179
    • Wright, K.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.