Probing plasma-induced defect formation and oxidation in carbon nanotubes by Raman dispersion spectroscopy

Carbon

Volumn 47, Issue 15, 2009, Pages 3488-3497

  Lee, Szetsen ^a   Peng, Jr Wei ^a   Liu, Chih Hung ^b  

^a CHUNG YUAN CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BAND POSITION; DEFECT FORMATION; DISPERSION BEHAVIOR; HYDROXYL RADICALS; INTENSITY RATIO; KINETIC MODELS; MICRO RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDATION PROCESS; PLASMA TREATMENT; PLASMA-INDUCED; RAMAN DISPERSION; STRUCTURAL DEFECT; X-RAY PHOTOELECTRONS;

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; CARBON NANOTUBES; DEFECTS; FUNCTIONAL GROUPS; MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCN); ORGANIC POLYMERS; OXIDATION; OXYGEN; PLASMA APPLICATIONS; PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS; PLASMAS; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

DISPERSIONS;

EID: 70349208446     PISSN: 00086223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.08.019     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Vidano R.P., Fishbach D.B., Willis L.J., and Loehr T.M. Observation of Raman band shifting with excitation wavelength for carbons and graphites. Solid State Commun 39 (1981) 341-344
2. Shand M.L., Chance R.R., LePostollec M., and Schott M. Raman photoselection and conjugation-length dispersion in conjugated polymer solutions. Phys Rev B 25 (1982) 4431-4436
3. Millen R.P., de Faria D.L.A., and Temperini M.L.A. A comparison of the Raman dispersion in different polyacetylenes with aromatic ring substituents. Synth Met 156 (2006) 459-465
4. Ozaki M., Ehrenfreund E., Benner R.E., Barton T.J., Yoshino K., and Vardeny Z.V. Dispersion of resonant Raman scattering in π-conjugated polymers: role of the even parity excitons. Phys Rev Lett 79 (1997) 1762-1765
5. Ramsteiner M., and Wagner J. Resonant Raman scattering of hydrogenated amorphous carbon: evidence for π-bonded carbon clusters. Appl Phys Lett 51 (1987) 1355-1357
6. Ferrari A.C., and Robertson J. Resonant Raman spectroscopy of disordered, amorphous, and diamondlike carbon. Phys Rev B 64 (2001) 075414/1-075414/13
7. Ferrari A.C., and Robertson J. Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon. Phys Rev B 61 (2000) 14095-14107
8. Wang Y., Alsmeyer D.C., and McCreery R.L. Raman spectroscopy of carbon materials: structural basis of observed spectra. Chem Mater 2 (1990) 557-563
9. Pocsik I., Hundhausen M., Koos M., and Ley L. Origin of the D peak in the Raman spectrum of microcrystalline graphite. J Non-Cryst Solids 227-230B (1998) 1083-1086
10. Wang Z., Huang X., Xue R., and Chen L. Dispersion effects of Raman lines in carbons. J Appl Phys 84 (1998) 227-231
11. Tan P.H., Deng Y.M., and Zhao Q. Temperature-dependent Raman spectra and anomalous Raman phenomenon of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. Phys Rev B 58 (1998) 5435-5439
12. Antunes E.F., Lobo A.O., Corat E.J., Trava-Airoldi V.J., Martin A.A., and Verissimo C. Comparative study of first- and second-order Raman spectra of MWCNT at visible and infrared laser excitation. Carbon 44 (2006) 2202-2211
13. Pimenta M.A., Hanlon E.B., Marucci A., Corio P., Brown S.D.M., Empedocles S.A., et al. The anomalous dispersion of the disorder-induced and the second-order Raman bands in carbon nanotubes. Brazilian J Phys 30 (2000) 423-427
14. Kastner J., Pichler T., Kuzmany H., Curran S., Blau W., Weldon D.N., et al. Resonance Raman and infrared spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes. Chem Phys Lett 221 (1994) 53-58
15. Hulman M., Pfeiffer R., and Kuzmany H. Raman spectroscopy of small-diameter nanotubes. New J Phys 6 (2004) 1-17
16. Tan P.H., An L., Liu L.Q., Guo Z.X., Czerw R., Carroll D.L., et al. Probing the phonon dispersion relations of graphite from the double-resonance process of stokes and anti-stokes Raman scatterings in multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Phys Rev B 66 (2002) 245410/1-245410/8
17. Brown S.D.M., Jorio A., Dresselhaus M.S., and Dresselhaus G. Observations of the D-band feature in the Raman spectra of carbon nanotubes. Phys Rev B 64 (2001) 073403/1-073403/4
18. Thomsen C., and Reich S. Double resonant Raman scattering in graphite. Phys Rev Lett 85 (2000) 5214-5217
19. Matthews M.J., Pimenta M.A., Dresselhaus G., Dresselhaus M.S., and Endo M. Origin of dispersive effects of the Raman D band in carbon materials. Phys Rev B 59 (1999) R6585-R6588
20. Maultzsch J., Reich S., and Thomsen C. Double-resonant Raman scattering in graphite: interference effects, selection rules, and phonon dispersion. Phys Rev B 70 (2004) 155403/1-155403/9
21. Souza M., Jorio M.A., Fantini C., Neves B.R.A., Pimenta M.A., Saito R., et al. Single and double resonance Raman G-band processes in carbon nanotubes. Phys Rev B 69 (2004) 241403/1-241403/4
22. Dresselhaus M.S., Dresselhaus G., Jorio A., Souza Filho A.G., and Saito R. Raman spectroscopy on isolated single wall carbon nanotubes. Carbon 40 (2002) 2043-2061
23. Osswald S., Havel M., and Gogotsi Y. Monitoring oxidation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes by Raman spectroscopy. J Raman Spectrosc 38 (2007) 728-736
24. Saito R., Jorio A., Souza Filho A.G., Dresselhaus G., Dresselhaus M.S., and Pimenta M.A. Probing phonon dispersion relations of graphite by double resonance Raman scattering. Phys Rev Lett 88 (2002) 027401/1-027401/4
25. Pimenta M.A., Dresselhaus G., Dresselhaus M.S., Cançado L.G., Jorio A., and Saito R. Studying disorder in graphite-based systems by Raman spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 9 (2007) 1276-1291
26. Tan P.H., Hu C.Y., Dong J., Shen W.C., and Zhang B.F. Polarization properties, high-order Raman spectra, and frequency asymmetry between stokes and anti-stokes scattering of Raman modes in a graphite whisker. Phys Rev B 64 (2001) 214301/1-214301/12
27. Dresselhaus M.S., Dresselhaus G., Saito R., and Jorio A. Raman spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes. Phys Rep 409 (2005) 47-99
28. Barros E.B., Demir N.S., Souza Filho A.G., Mendes Filho J., Jorio A., Dresselhaus G., et al. Raman spectroscopy of graphitic foams. Phys Rev B 71 (2005) 165422/1-165422/5
29. Pfeiffer R., Kuzmany H., Simon F., Bokova S.N., and Obraztsova E. Resonance Raman scattering from phonon overtones in double-wall carbon nanotubes. Phys Rev B 71 (2005) 155409/1-155409/8
30. Maciel I.O., Pimenta M.A., Terrones M., Terrones H., Campos-Delgado J., and Jorio A. The two peaks G′ band in carbon nanotubes. Phys Stat Sol (b) 245 (2008) 2197-2200
31. Antunes E.F., Lobo A.O., Corat E.J., and Trava-Airoldi V.J. Influence of diameter in Raman spectra of aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Carbon 45 (2007) 913-921
32. Souza Filho A.G., Jorio A., Samsonidze G.E.G., Dresselhaus G., Pimenta M.A., Dresselhaus M.S., et al. Competing spring constant versus double resonance effects on the properties of dispersive modes in isolated single-wall carbon nanotubes. Phys Rev B 67 (2003) 035427/1-035427/7
33. Jorio A., Pimenta M.A., Souza Filho A.G., Saito R., Dresselhaus G., and Dresselhaus M.S. Characterizing carbon nanotube samples with resonance Raman scattering. New J Phys 5 (2003) 139/1-139/17
34. Cardenas J.F. Diameter dependence of second-order Raman features of graphene tubes. Chem Phys Lett 430 (2006) 367-369
35. Kalbáč M., Kavan L., Zukalová M., and Dunsch L. Electrochemical tuning of high energy phonon branches of double wall carbon nanotubes. Carbon 41 (2004) 2915-2920
36. Banerjee S., and Wong S.S. Rational sidewall functionalization and purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes by solution-phase ozonolysis. J Phys Chem B 106 (2002) 12144-12151
37. Li Q.W., Yan H., Ye Y.C., Zhang J., and Liu Z.F. Defect location of individual single-walled carbon nanotubes with a thermal oxidation strategy. J Phys Chem B 106 (2002) 11085-11088
38. Ago H., Kugler T., Cacialli F., Salaneck W.R., Shaffer M.S.P., Windle A.H., et al. Work functions and surface functional groups of multiwall carbon nanotubes. J Phys Chem B 103 (1999) 8116-8121
39. Ogrin D., Chattopadhyay J., Sadana A.K., Billups W.E., and Barron A.R. Epoxidation and deoxygenation of single-walled carbon nanotubes: quantification of epoxide defects. J Am Chem Soc 128 (2006) 11322-11323
40. Kuznetsova A., Popova I., Yates Jr. J.T., Bronikowski M.J., Huffman C.B., Liu J., et al. Oxygen-containing functional groups on single-wall carbon nanotubes: NEXAFS and vibrational spectroscopic studies. J Am Chem Soc 123 (2001) 10699-10704
41. Yu G., Gong J., Wang S., Zhu D., He S., and Zhu Z. Etching effects of ethanol on multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Carbon 44 (2006) 1218-1224
42. Wei J., Ci L., Jiang B., Li Y., Zhang X., Zhu H., et al. Preparation of highly pure double-walled carbon nanotubes. J Mater Chem 13 (2003) 1340-1344
43. Maruyama S., Kojima R., Miyauchi Y., Chiashi S., and Kohno M. Low-temperature synthesis of high-purity single-walled carbon nanotubes from alcohol. Chem Phys Lett 360 (2002) 229-234
44. Ajayan P.M., Ebbesen T.W., Ichihashi T., Iijima S., Tanigaki K., and Hiura H. Opening carbon nanotubes with oxygen and implications for filling. Nature 362 (1993) 522-526
45. Mawhinney D.B., Naumenko V., Kuznetsova A., Yates Jr. J.T., and Liu J. Smalley RE. Infrared spectral evidence for the etching of carbon nanotubes: ozone oxidation at 298 K. J Am Chem Soc 122 (2000) 2383-2384
46. Simmons J.M., Nichols B.M., Baker S.E., Marcus M.S., Castellini O.M., Lee C.S., et al. Effect of ozone oxidation on single-walled carbon nanotubes. J Phys Chem B 110 (2006) 7113-7118
47. Han K.S., Kim H.S., Song M.S., Park M.S., Han S.S., Lee J.Y., et al. Atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment to modify hydrogen storage properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Appl Phys Lett 86 (2005) 263105/1-263105/3
48. Murphy H., Papakonstantinou P., and Okpalugo T.I.T. Raman study of multiwalled carbon nanotubes functionalized with oxygen groups. J Vac Sci Technol B 24 (2006) 715-720
49. Lee S., Peng J.W., and Liu C.H. Raman study of carbon nanotube purification using atmospheric pressure plasma. Carbon 46 (2008) 2124-2132
50. Sato K., Saito R., Oyama Y., Jiang J., Cancado L.G., Pimenta M.A., et al. D-band Raman intensity of graphitic materials as a function of laser energy and crystallite size. Chem Phys Lett 427 (2006) 117-121
51. Endo M., Kim C., Karaki T., Tamaki T., Nishimura Y., Matthews M.J., et al. Structural analysis of the B-doped mesophase pitch-based graphite fibers by Raman spectroscopy. Phys Rev B 58 (1998) 8991-8996
52. Hishiyama Y., Irumano H., Kaburagi Y., and Soneda Y. Structure, Raman scattering and transport properties of boron doped graphite. Phys Rev B 63 (2001) 245406/1-245406/11
53. Jorio A., Fantini C., Dantas M.S.S., Pimenta M.A., Souza Filho A.G., Samsonidze G.E.G., et al. Linewidth of the Raman features of individual single-wall carbon nanotubes. Phys Rev B 66 (2002) 115411/1-115411/8
54. Casiraghi C., Ferrari A.C., and Robertson J. Raman spectroscopy of hydrogenated amorphous carbons. Phys Rev B 72 (2005) 085401/1-085401/14
55. Luong J.H.T., Hrapovic S., Liu Y., Yang D.Q., Sacher E., Wang D., et al. Oxidation, deformation, and destruction of carbon nanotubes in aqueous ceric sulfate. J Phys Chem B 109 (2005) 1400-1407
56. Hontoria-Lucas C., López-Einado A.J., López-González J.D., Rojas-Cervantes M.L., and Martín-Aranda R.M. Study of oxygen-containing groups in a series of graphite oxides: physical and chemical characterization. Carbon 11 (1995) 1585-1592
57. Xing Y., Li L., Chusuei C.C., and Hull R.V. Sonochemical oxidation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Langmuir 21 (2005) 4185-4190
58. 60) decoration in oxygen plasma treated multiwalled carbon nanotubes for photovoltaic application. Appl Phys Lett 92 (2008) 063508/1-063508/3