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Volumn 74, Issue 16, 2009, Pages 6157-6162

Kinetic resolution of rac-1-phenylethanol with immobilized lipases: A critical comparison of microwave and conventional heating protocols

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENANTIOSELECTIVITY; ETHANOL; HEATING; LIPASES; OXIDE MINERALS; PROBES; QUARTZ; TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT;

EID: 70349149840     PISSN: 00223263     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jo9010443     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (75)

References (75)
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    • For a recent review with >900 references and a tabular survey of ca. 200 microwave chemistry review articles, books, and book chapters, see
    • (a) For a recent review with >900 references and a tabular survey of ca. 200 microwave chemistry review articles, books, and book chapters, see: Kappe, C. O.; Dallinger, D. Mol. Diversity 2009, 13, 71.
    • (2009) Mol. Diversity , vol.13 , pp. 71
    • Kappe, C.O.1    Dallinger, D.2
  • 10
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    • and references cited therein
    • (b) Caddick, S; Fitzmaurice, R. Tetrahedron 2009, 65, 3325 and references cited therein.
    • (2009) Tetrahedron , vol.65 , pp. 3325
    • Caddick, S.1    Fitzmaurice, R.2
  • 16
    • 69949161220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • published online October 9, 2008, DOI: 10.1021/ie800591c
    • (b) Yadav, G. D.; Borkar, I. V. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48, published online October 9, 2008, DOI: 10.1021/ie800591c.
    • (2009) Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , vol.48
    • Yadav, G.D.1    Borkar, I.V.2
  • 45
    • 0035813242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For leading reviews, see: (a)
    • For leading reviews, see: (a) Perreux, L.; Loupy, A. Tetrahedron 2001, 57, 9199.
    • (2001) Tetrahedron , vol.57 , pp. 9199
    • Perreux, L.1    Loupy, A.2
  • 49
    • 0037716964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • By applying microwave dielectric heating, it may be expected that certain movements of the biocatalyst required for catalysis (for example, the opening of the active site of a lipase by the so-called lid-movement) can be stimulated by selectively inducing changes in protein conformation by microwave irradiation. See also: (a)
    • By applying microwave dielectric heating, it may be expected that certain movements of the biocatalyst required for catalysis (for example, the opening of the active site of a lipase by the so-called lid-movement) can be stimulated by selectively inducing changes in protein conformation by microwave irradiation. See also: (a) De Pomarai, D. I.; Smith, B.; Dawe, A.; North, K.; Smith, T.; Archer, D. B.; Duce, I. R.; Jones, D.; Candido, E. P. M. FEBS Lett. 2003, 543, 93.
    • (2003) FEBS Lett. , vol.543 , pp. 93
    • De Pomarai, D.I.1    Smith, B.2    Dawe, A.3    North, K.4    Smith, T.5    Archer, D.B.6    Duce, I.R.7    Jones, D.8    Candido, E.P.M.9
  • 62
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    • See the following database
    • See the following database: http://www.brenda-enzymes.info.
  • 64
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    • and references cited therein
    • Kremsner, J. M.; Kappe, C. O. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 4651 and references cited therein.
    • (2006) J. Org. Chem. , vol.71 , pp. 4651
    • Kremsner, J.M.1    Kappe, C.O.2
  • 69
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    • The ability of a specific solvent to convert microwave energy into heat at a given frequency and temperature is determined by the so-called loss tangent (tan δ) expressed as the following quotient, tan δ = ε″/ε′. A reaction medium with a high tan δ at the standard operating frequency of a microwave synthesis reactor (2.45 GHz) is required for good absorption and, consequently, for efficient heating. Solvents used for microwave synthesis can be classified as high (tan δ > 0.5), medium (tan δ 0.1-0.5), and low microwave absorbing (tan δ < 0.1). See the following references for further details: (a)
    • The ability of a specific solvent to convert microwave energy into heat at a given frequency and temperature is determined by the so-called loss tangent (tan δ) expressed as the following quotient, tan δ = ε″/ε′. A reaction medium with a high tan δ at the standard operating frequency of a microwave synthesis reactor (2.45 GHz) is required for good absorption and, consequently, for efficient heating. Solvents used for microwave synthesis can be classified as high (tan δ > 0.5), medium (tan δ 0.1-0.5), and low microwave absorbing (tan δ < 0.1). See the following references for further details: (a) Gabriel, C.; Gabriel, S.; Grant, E. H.; Halstead, B. S.; Mingos, D. M. P. Chem. Soc. Rev. 1998, 27, 213.
    • (1998) Chem. Soc. Rev. , vol.27 , pp. 213
    • Gabriel, C.1    Gabriel, S.2    Grant, E.H.3    Halstead, B.S.4    Mingos, D.M.P.5
  • 74
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    • note
    • Three different stirring levels can be set on the CEM Discover microwave reactor (low, medium, high). The correlation with actual stirring speeds in rpm are not disclosed by the instrument vendor.


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