메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 551-560

Antigen-specific therapies in multiple sclerosis

Author keywords

Antigen specific therapies; BHT 3009; Dirucotide; MS; Recombinant T cell ligands; T cell vaccines

Indexed keywords

ALTERED PEPTIDE LIGAND; BETA INTERFERON; BHT 3009; DNA VACCINE; GLATIRAMER; INACTIVATED VACCINE; LIGAND; MITOXANTRONE; MYELIN; MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN; MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN[82-98]; MYELIN REACTIVE T LYMPHOCYTE VACCINE; MYLORAL; NATALIZUMAB; PLACEBO; RECOMBINANT ANTIGEN; RECOMBINANT T CELL LIGAND 1000; T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR VACCINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VACCINE;

EID: 69949145977     PISSN: 14728214     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1517/14728210903203790     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (7)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 39449110178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immunology of multiple sclerosis
    • A thorough review of the evolving concepts of pathophysiology and immunology of MS
    • Bar-Or A. The immunology of multiple sclerosis. Semin Neurol 2008;28(1):29-45 •• A thorough review of the evolving concepts of pathophysiology and immunology of MS.
    • (2008) Semin Neurol , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-45
    • Bar-Or, A.1
  • 2
    • 34548206670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes-friends or foes in multiple sclerosis?
    • Williams A, Piaton G, Lubetzki C. Astrocytes-friends or foes in multiple sclerosis? Glia 2007;55(13):1300-1312
    • (2007) Glia , vol.55 , Issue.13 , pp. 1300-1312
    • Williams, A.1    Piaton, G.2    Lubetzki, C.3
  • 3
    • 34249781999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of axonal and neuronal damage in multiple sclerosis
    • DOI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000275229.13012.32, PII 0000611420070529300005
    • Dutta R, Trapp BD. Pathogenesis of axonal and neuronal damage in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2007;68(22 Suppl 3):S22-31; discussion S43-54 (Pubitemid 46848608)
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.68 , Issue.22 SUPPL. 3
    • Dutta, R.1    Trapp, B.D.2
  • 5
    • 34249700046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meningeal B-cell follicles in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis associate with early onset of disease and severe cortical pathology
    • DOI 10.1093/brain/awm038
    • Magliozzi R, Howell O, Vora A, et al. Meningeal B-cell follicles in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis associate with early onset of disease and severe cortical pathology. Brain 2007;130(Pt 4):1089-1104 (Pubitemid 47355604)
    • (2007) Brain , vol.130 , Issue.4 , pp. 1089-1104
    • Magliozzi, R.1    Howell, O.2    Vora, A.3    Serafini, B.4    Nicholas, R.5    Puopolo, M.6    Reynolds, R.7    Aloisi, F.8
  • 6
    • 28744442319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antigen-specific therapies in multiple sclerosis: Going beyond proteins and peptides
    • DOI 10.1080/08830180500379655
    • Fontoura P, Garren H, Steinman L. Antigen-specific therapies in multiple sclerosis: going beyond proteins and peptides. Int Rev Immunol 2005;24(5-6):415-446 (Pubitemid 41755155)
    • (2005) International Reviews of Immunology , vol.24 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 415-446
    • Fontoura, P.1    Garren, H.2    Steinman, L.3
  • 7
    • 47049096574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autologous T-cell vaccination for multiple sclerosis: A perspective on progress
    • DOI 10.2165/00063030-200822040-00006
    • Vandenbark AA, Abulafia-Lapid R. Autologous T-cell vaccination for multiple sclerosis: a perspective on progress. BioDrugs 2008;22(4):265-273 •• A comprehensive review detailing the appeal and challenges of T-cell vaccine strategies in MS. (Pubitemid 351969834)
    • (2008) BioDrugs , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 265-273
    • Vandenbark, A.A.1    Abulafia-Lapid, R.2
  • 8
    • 55349135951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis-a multifaceted adversary
    • A fine review of novel therapies for MS that are currently under development
    • Lopez-Diego RS, Weiner HL. Novel therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis-a multifaceted adversary. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2008;7(11):909-925 • A fine review of novel therapies for MS that are currently under development.
    • (2008) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.7 , Issue.11 , pp. 909-925
    • Lopez-Diego, R.S.1    Weiner, H.L.2
  • 9
    • 39049098224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal T-cell reactivities in childhood inflammatory demyelinating disease and type 1 diabetes
    • DOI 10.1002/ana.21244
    • Banwell B, Bar-Or A, Cheung R, et al. Abnormal T-cell reactivities in childhood inflammatory demyelinating disease and type 1 diabetes. Ann Neurol 2008;63(1):98-111 • An interesting article examining heightened T-cell reactivities in pediatric autoimmune diseases. (Pubitemid 351240556)
    • (2008) Annals of Neurology , vol.63 , Issue.1 , pp. 98-111
    • Banwell, B.1    Bar-Or, A.2    Cheung, R.3    Kennedy, J.4    Krupp, L.B.5    Becker, D.J.6    Dosch, H.-M.7
  • 10
    • 0021020031 scopus 로고
    • Effect of treatment with copolymer 1 (Cop-1) on the in vivo and in vitro manifestations of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE)
    • Lisak RP, Zweiman B, Blanchard N, Rorke LB. Effect of treatment with Copolymer 1 (Cop-1) on the in vivo and in vitro manifestations of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). J Neurol Sci 1983;62(1-3):281-293 (Pubitemid 14176255)
    • (1983) Journal of the Neurological Sciences , vol.62 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 281-293
    • Lisak, R.P.1    Zweiman, B.2    Blanchard, N.3    Rorke, L.B.4
  • 11
    • 0029082566 scopus 로고
    • Copolymer 1 reduces relapse rate and improves disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Results of a phase III multicenter, double-blind placebo-controlled trial
    • The Copolymer 1 Multiple Sclerosis Study Group
    • Johnson KP, Brooks BR, Cohen JA, et al. Copolymer 1 reduces relapse rate and improves disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: results of a phase III multicenter, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The Copolymer 1 Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. Neurology 1995;45(7):1268-1276
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , Issue.7 , pp. 1268-1276
    • Johnson, K.P.1    Brooks, B.R.2    Cohen, J.A.3
  • 13
    • 34447299372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis: A review
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1527-3458.2007.00010.x
    • Ruggieri M, Avolio C, Livrea P, Trojano M. Glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis: a review. CNS Drug Rev 2007 Summer;13(2):178-191 (Pubitemid 47052348)
    • (2007) CNS Drug Reviews , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 178-191
    • Ruggieri, M.1    Avolio, C.2    Livrea, P.3    Trojano, M.4
  • 14
    • 0034041863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) induces degenerate, Th2-polarized immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Duda PW, Schmied MC, Cook SL, et al. Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) induces degenerate, Th2-polarized immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest 2000;105(7):967-976
    • (2000) J Clin Invest , vol.105 , Issue.7 , pp. 967-976
    • Duda, P.W.1    Schmied, M.C.2    Cook, S.L.3
  • 15
    • 0034255713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of T cell lines derived from glatiramer-acetate-treated multiple sclerosis patients
    • DOI 10.1016/S0165-5728(00)00263-0, PII S0165572800002630
    • Qin Y, Zhang DQ, Prat A, et al. Characterization of T cell lines derived from glatiramer-acetate-treated multiple sclerosis patients. J Neuroimmunol 2000;108(1-2):201-206 (Pubitemid 30438768)
    • (2000) Journal of Neuroimmunology , vol.108 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 201-206
    • Qin, Y.1    Zhang, D.Q.2    Prat, A.3    Pouly, S.4    Antel, J.5
  • 16
    • 54049086976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD4+CD25+FoxP3+PD1- Regulatory T cells in acute and stable relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and their modulation by therapy
    • Saresella M, Marventano I, Longhi R, et al. CD4+CD25+FoxP3+PD1- regulatory T cells in acute and stable relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and their modulation by therapy. FASEB J 2008;22(10):3500-3508
    • (2008) FASEB J , vol.22 , Issue.10 , pp. 3500-3508
    • Saresella, M.1    Marventano, I.2    Longhi, R.3
  • 19
    • 34548510355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + regulatory T cells contribute to the therapeutic effects of glatiramer acetate in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    • DOI 10.1016/j.clim.2007.05.020, PII S1521661607012284
    • Jee Y, Piao WH, Liu R, et al. CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory T cells contribute to the therapeutic effects of glatiramer acetate in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Clin Immunol 2007;125(1):34-42 (Pubitemid 47374537)
    • (2007) Clinical Immunology , vol.125 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-42
    • Jee, Y.1    Piao, W.H.2    Liu, R.3    Bai, X.F.4    Rhodes, S.5    Rodebaugh, R.6    Campagnolo, D.I.7    Shi, F.D.8    Vollmer, T.L.9
  • 21
    • 2942594278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis: Glatiramer acetate inhibits monocyte reactivity in vitro and in vivo
    • DOI 10.1093/brain/awh163
    • Weber MS, Starck M, Wagenpfeil S, et al. Multiple sclerosis: glatiramer acetate inhibits monocyte reactivity in vitro and in vivo. Brain 2004;127(Pt 6):1370-1378 (Pubitemid 38745515)
    • (2004) Brain , vol.127 , Issue.6 , pp. 1370-1378
    • Weber, M.S.1    Starck, M.2    Wagenpfeil, S.3    Meinl, E.4    Hohlfeld, R.5    Farina, C.6
  • 22
    • 34547699396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type II monocytes modulate T cell-mediated central nervous system autoimmune disease
    • Weber MS, Prod'homme T, Youssef S, et al. Type II monocytes modulate T cell-mediated central nervous system autoimmune disease. Nat Med 2007;13(8):935-943
    • (2007) Nat Med , vol.13 , Issue.8 , pp. 935-943
    • Weber, M.S.1    Prod'Homme, T.2    Youssef, S.3
  • 23
    • 1842685039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory potential and migratory capacities across human brain endothelial cells of distinct glatiramer acetate-reactive T cells generated in treated multiple sclerosis patients
    • DOI 10.1016/j.clim.2004.01.004, PII S1521661604000154
    • Kim HJ, Biernacki K, Prat A, et al. Inflammatory potential and migratory capacities across human brain endothelial cells of distinct glatiramer acetate-reactive T cells generated in treated multiple sclerosis patients. Clin Immunol 2004;111(1):38-46 (Pubitemid 38482080)
    • (2004) Clinical Immunology , vol.111 , Issue.1 , pp. 38-46
    • Kim, H.J.1    Biernacki, K.2    Prat, A.3    Antel, J.P.4    Bar-Or, A.5
  • 24
    • 14544294320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current issues in the treatment of human diseases by mucosal tolerance
    • Weiner HL. Current issues in the treatment of human diseases by mucosal tolerance. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004;1029:211-224
    • (2004) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.1029 , pp. 211-224
    • Weiner, H.L.1
  • 26
    • 0027298445 scopus 로고
    • Induction of T-cell anergy by altered T-cell-receptor ligand on live antigen-presenting cells
    • DOI 10.1038/363156a0
    • Sloan-Lancaster J, Evavold BD, Allen PM. Induction of T-cell anergy by altered T-cell-receptor ligand on live antigen-presenting cells. Nature 1993;363(6425):156-159 (Pubitemid 23147012)
    • (1993) Nature , vol.363 , Issue.6425 , pp. 156-159
    • Sloan-Lancaster, J.1    Evavold, B.D.2    Allen, P.M.3
  • 27
    • 0030973661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amelioration of relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with altered myelin basic protein peptides involves different cellular mechanisms
    • DOI 10.1016/S0165-5728(96)00220-2, PII S0165572896002202
    • Gaur A, Boehme SA, Chalmers D, et al. Amelioration of relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with altered myelin basic protein peptides involves different cellular mechanisms. J Neuroimmunol 1997;74(1-2):149-158 (Pubitemid 27128990)
    • (1997) Journal of Neuroimmunology , vol.74 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 149-158
    • Gaur, A.1    Boehme, S.A.2    Chalmers, D.3    Crowe, P.D.4    Pahuja, A.5    Ling, N.6    Brocke, S.7    Steinman, L.8    Conlon, P.J.9
  • 29
    • 0036046080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of immune responses to altered and native myelin antigens in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with altered peptide ligand
    • DOI 10.1006/clim.2002.5258
    • Kim HJ, Antel JP, Duquette P, et al. Persistence of immune responses to altered and native myelin antigens in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with altered peptide ligand. Clin Immunol 2002;104(2):105-114 (Pubitemid 35026220)
    • (2002) Clinical Immunology , vol.104 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-114
    • Kim, H.J.1    Antel, J.P.2    Duquette, P.3    Alleva, D.G.4    Conlon, P.J.5    Bar-Or, A.6
  • 31
    • 0033762708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NBI-5788, an altered MBP83-99 peptide, induces a T-helper 2-like immune response in multiple sclerosis patients
    • DOI 10.1002/1531-8249(200011)48:5<758::AID-ANA9>3.0.CO;2-2
    • Crowe PD, Qin Y, Conlon PJ, Antel JP. NBI-5788, an altered MBP83-99 peptide, induces a T-helper 2-like immune response in multiple sclerosis patients. Ann Neurol 2000;48(5):758-765 (Pubitemid 30823226)
    • (2000) Annals of Neurology , vol.48 , Issue.5 , pp. 758-765
    • Crowe, P.D.1    Qin, Y.2    Conlon, P.J.3    Antel, J.P.4
  • 32
    • 0032735735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of CpG DNA and the local cytokine milieu determine the efficacy of suppressive DNA vaccination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    • Lobell A, Weissert R, Eltayeb S, et al. Presence of CpG DNA and the local cytokine milieu determine the efficacy of suppressive DNA vaccination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Immunol 1999;163(9):4754-4762 (Pubitemid 29501237)
    • (1999) Journal of Immunology , vol.163 , Issue.9 , pp. 4754-4762
    • Lobell, A.1    Weissert, R.2    Eltayeb, S.3    Svanholm, C.4    Olsson, T.5    Wigzell, H.6
  • 34
    • 44849103664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase 2 trial of a DNA vaccine encoding myelin basic protein for multiple sclerosis
    • The results of the Phase II MBP DNA vaccine clinical trial
    • Garren H, Robinson WH, Krasulova E, et al. Phase 2 trial of a DNA vaccine encoding myelin basic protein for multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2008;63(5):611-620 • The results of the Phase II MBP DNA vaccine clinical trial.
    • (2008) Ann Neurol , vol.63 , Issue.5 , pp. 611-620
    • Garren, H.1    Robinson, W.H.2    Krasulova, E.3
  • 35
    • 0030856261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 96 in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis
    • DOI 10.1016/S0022-510X(97)00130-5, PII S0022510X97001305
    • Warren KG, Catz I, Wucherpfennig KW. Tolerance induction to myelin basic protein by intravenous synthetic peptides containing epitope P85 VVHFFKNIVTP96 in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 1997;152(1):31-38 (Pubitemid 27469708)
    • (1997) Journal of the Neurological Sciences , vol.152 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-38
    • Warren, K.G.1    Catz, I.2    Wucherpfennig, K.W.3
  • 36
    • 0033754799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetic profiles of cerebrospinal fluid anti-MBP in response to intravenous MBP synthetic peptide DENP(85)VVHFFKNIVTP(96)RT in multiple sclerosis patients
    • Warren KG, Catz I. Kinetic profiles of cerebrospinal fluid anti-MBP in response to intravenous MBP synthetic peptide DENP(85)VVHFFKNIVTP(96)RT in multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler 2000;6(5):300-311
    • (2000) Mult Scler , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. 300-311
    • Warren, K.G.1    Catz, I.2
  • 37
    • 33746446276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous synthetic peptide MBP8298 delayed disease progression in an HLA Class II-defined cohort of patients with progressive multiple sclerosis: Results of a 24-month double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial and 5 years of follow-up treatment
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01533.x
    • Warren KG, Catz I, Ferenczi LZ, Krantz MJ. Intravenous synthetic peptide MBP8298 delayed disease progression in an HLA class II-defined cohort of patients with progressive multiple sclerosis: results of a 24-month double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial and 5 years of follow-up treatment. Eur J Neurol 2006;13(8):887-895 (Pubitemid 44124687)
    • (2006) European Journal of Neurology , vol.13 , Issue.8 , pp. 887-895
    • Warren, K.G.1    Catz, I.2    Ferenczi, L.Z.3    Krantz, M.J.4
  • 38
    • 37149039794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic vaccination with a trivalent T-cell receptor (TCR) peptide vaccine restores deficient FoxP3 expression and TCR recognition in subjects with multiple sclerosis
    • An interesting article exploring trivalent T-cell receptor vaccine mechanisms
    • Vandenbark AA, Culbertson NE, Bartholomew RM, et al. Therapeutic vaccination with a trivalent T-cell receptor (TCR) peptide vaccine restores deficient FoxP3 expression and TCR recognition in subjects with multiple sclerosis. Immunology 2008;123(1):66-78 • An interesting article exploring trivalent T-cell receptor vaccine mechanisms.
    • (2008) Immunology , vol.123 , Issue.1 , pp. 66-78
    • Vandenbark, A.A.1    Culbertson, N.E.2    Bartholomew, R.M.3
  • 39
    • 0019487117 scopus 로고
    • Vaccination against autoimmune encephalomyelitis with T-lymphocyte line cells reactive against myelin basic protein
    • DOI 10.1038/292060a0
    • Ben-Nun A, Wekerle H, Cohen IR. Vaccination against autoimmune encephalomyelitis with T-lymphocyte line cells reactive against myelin basic protein. Nature 1981;292(5818):60-61 (Pubitemid 11048545)
    • (1981) Nature , vol.292 , Issue.5818 , pp. 60-61
    • Ben-Nun, A.1    Wekerle, H.2    Cohen, I.R.3
  • 42
    • 0021080641 scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mediated or prevented by T lymphocyte lines directed against diverse antigenic determinants of myelin basic protein. Vaccination is determinant specific
    • Holoshitz J, Frenkel A, Ben-Nun A, Cohen IR. Autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mediated or prevented by T lymphocyte lines directed against diverse antigenic determinants of myelin basic protein. Vaccination is determinant specific. J Immunol 1983;131(6):2810-2813 (Pubitemid 14208125)
    • (1983) Journal of Immunology , vol.131 , Issue.6 , pp. 2810-2813
    • Holoshitz, J.1    Frenkel, A.2    Ben Nun, A.3    Cohen, I.R.4
  • 43
    • 33747038380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-ergotypic immunoregulation
    • Quintana FJ, Cohen IR. Anti-ergotypic immunoregulation. Scand J Immunol 2006;64(3):205-210
    • (2006) Scand J Immunol , vol.64 , Issue.3 , pp. 205-210
    • Quintana, F.J.1    Cohen, I.R.2
  • 45
    • 63749125437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autologous attenuated T-cell vaccine (Tovaxin (R)) dose escalation in multiple sclerosis relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive patients nonresponsive to approved immunomodulatory therapies
    • The most recent data evaluating the autologous attenuated T-cell vaccine in MS
    • Loftus B, Newsom B, Montgomery M, et al. Autologous attenuated T-cell vaccine (Tovaxin (R)) dose escalation in multiple sclerosis relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive patients nonresponsive to approved immunomodulatory therapies. Clin Immunol 2009;131(2):202-215 • The most recent data evaluating the autologous attenuated T-cell vaccine in MS.
    • (2009) Clin Immunol , vol.131 , Issue.2 , pp. 202-215
    • Loftus, B.1    Newsom, B.2    Montgomery, M.3
  • 46
    • 57349172905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant T cell receptor ligands: Immunomodulatory, neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects suggest application as therapy for multiple sclerosis
    • A comprehensive review focusing on recombinant T-cell ligands
    • Offner H, Sinha S, Wang C, et al. Recombinant T cell receptor ligands: immunomodulatory, neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects suggest application as therapy for multiple sclerosis. Rev Neurosci 2008;19(4-5):327-339 •• A comprehensive review focusing on recombinant T-cell ligands.
    • (2008) Rev Neurosci , vol.19 , Issue.4-5 , pp. 327-339
    • Offner, H.1    Sinha, S.2    Wang, C.3
  • 48
    • 36248944158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A promising therapeutic approach for multiple sclerosis: Recombinant T-cell receptor ligands modulate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by reducing interleukin-17 production and inhibiting migration of encephalitogenic cells into the CNS
    • DOI 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3599-07.2007
    • Sinha S, Subramanian S, Proctor TM, et al. A promising therapeutic approach for multiple sclerosis: recombinant T-cell receptor ligands modulate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by reducing interleukin-17 production and inhibiting migration of encephalitogenic cells into the CNS. J Neurosci 2007;27(46):12531-12539 (Pubitemid 350127826)
    • (2007) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.27 , Issue.46 , pp. 12531-12539
    • Sinha, S.1    Subramanian, S.2    Proctor, T.M.3    Kaler, L.J.4    Grafe, M.5    Dahan, R.6    Huan, J.7    Vandenbark, A.A.8    Burrows, G.G.9    Offner, H.10
  • 50
    • 34447109557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone marrow transplantation: Does it stop MS progression?
    • Freedman MS. Bone marrow transplantation: does it stop MS progression? J Neurol Sci 2007;259(1-2):85-89
    • (2007) J Neurol Sci , vol.259 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 85-89
    • Freedman, M.S.1
  • 51
    • 49949093283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis
    • Mancardi G, Saccardi R. Autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol 2008;7(7):626-636
    • (2008) Lancet Neurol , vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp. 626-636
    • Mancardi, G.1    Saccardi, R.2
  • 52
    • 33745875004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain atrophy after immunoablation and stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis
    • DOI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000219816.44094.f8, PII 0000611420060627000034
    • Chen JT, Collins DL, Atkins HL, et al. Brain atrophy after immunoablation and stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2006;66(12):1935-1937 (Pubitemid 44049833)
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66 , Issue.12 , pp. 1935-1937
    • Chen, J.T.1    Collins, D.L.2    Atkins, H.L.3    Freedman, M.S.4    Galal, A.5    Arnold, D.L.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.